CN113428298A - Small submerged buoy system and laying and recycling method thereof - Google Patents
Small submerged buoy system and laying and recycling method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113428298A CN113428298A CN202110857100.6A CN202110857100A CN113428298A CN 113428298 A CN113428298 A CN 113428298A CN 202110857100 A CN202110857100 A CN 202110857100A CN 113428298 A CN113428298 A CN 113428298A
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- small
- buoy system
- submersible
- inflatable ball
- acoustic releaser
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B22/00—Buoys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B22/00—Buoys
- B63B22/18—Buoys having means to control attitude or position, e.g. reaction surfaces or tether
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B22/00—Buoys
- B63B22/22—Inflatable buoys with gas generating means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
- B63C11/00—Equipment for dwelling or working underwater; Means for searching for underwater objects
- B63C11/52—Tools specially adapted for working underwater, not otherwise provided for
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B22/00—Buoys
- B63B2022/006—Buoys specially adapted for measuring or watch purposes
Abstract
The invention discloses a small submerged buoy system and a laying and recovering method thereof, wherein the small submerged buoy system comprises an inflatable ball, an acoustic releaser and a small weight which are sequentially connected through a rope; the inflatable ball is inflated by a high pressure gas tank of the manned submersible. Laying the small submersible buoy system through the manned submersible; and the small submerged buoy system is recovered through the surface ship. The small submersible buoy system provided by the invention has the characteristics of miniaturization and portability, and the submersible buoy system and the manned submersible vehicle are organically combined, and are accurately deployed at a specified position on the seabed through the manned submersible vehicle and are recovered by a surface ship, so that the technical advantages of the manned submersible vehicle in accurate fixed-point operation are fully exerted, and the accurate fixed-point deployment of the deep sea submersible buoy system is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of submerged buoy systems, in particular to a small submerged buoy system and a laying and recovering method thereof.
Background
The conventional submerged buoy system is composed of floating balls (a plurality of floating balls), a sensor, an acoustic releaser, heavy blocks (cement blocks, cast iron and the like, the weight of which is hundreds of kilograms) and the like which are connected in series through ropes (longer, dozens of meters). They are deployed by surface vessels and are pulled down by the weight of the weight quickly (the descent speed is usually 70-150m/min) to the seabed; after the task is completed, the acoustic deck control unit on the surface ship sends a release command, after the acoustic releaser receives the command, the release mechanism is started to work and is unhooked from the weight block, the buoyancy provided by the floating ball is larger than the gravity of the submerged buoy system (without the gravity of the weight block), the whole submerged buoy system quickly floats to the surface of water under the action of the buoyancy of the floating ball, and then the whole submerged buoy system is recovered by the surface ship. The main disadvantages of the conventional submerged buoy system are that a plurality of floating balls are needed, the heavy weight is large, and the arrangement and the recovery are both troublesome and laborious. In addition, under the influence of ocean currents, the conventional submerged buoy system is difficult to accurately lay to a specific position on the seabed, and deviation of hundreds of meters from the water laying point usually occurs. With the development of ocean observation technology, higher requirements are provided for ocean accurate detection, and a submerged buoy system needs to be accurately distributed to a specific position on the seabed. For example, in a deep sea hydrothermal area, a submerged buoy needs to be accurately placed near a hydrothermal jet, on one hand, the submerged buoy is observed through a sensor carried by a submerged buoy system, and on the other hand, the position of the hydrothermal jet can be accurately marked, so that the hydrothermal jet can be accurately found again by the submersible next time.
The manned submersible is a typical deep sea operation type submersible, has a manipulator, and can accurately reach a certain position in the deep sea and carry out hovering operation. However, the loads that can be carried by a manned submersible are limited. The conventional submerged buoy system is large in size and mass, can be deployed only by a water surface ship, is time-consuming and labor-consuming, and is low in deployment precision due to the influence of ocean currents. This means that conventional submersible systems cannot be deployed by manned submersibles. Therefore, how to organically combine the submerged buoy system with the manned submersible vehicle and make full use of the operation capacity of the manned submersible vehicle to accurately arrange the submerged buoy system to a target point is a problem which needs to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a small submersible buoy system and a deploying and recovering method thereof, wherein the submersible buoy system is organically combined with a manned submersible, the technical advantages of the manned submersible in accurate fixed-point operation are fully exerted, the accurate fixed-point deploying of the deep sea submersible buoy system is realized, and the deep sea submersible buoy system can be recovered through a surface ship.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
a small submerged buoy system comprises an inflatable ball, an acoustic releaser and a small weight which are sequentially connected through a rope; the inflatable ball is inflated through a high-pressure air tank of the manned submersible;
the inflated inflatable ball is used for providing buoyancy for the small submersible buoy system;
the acoustic releaser is used for acoustic positioning or distance measurement, and an ultra-short baseline or an acoustic deck unit on the surface ship transmits sound waves to control the acoustic releaser to release the small-sized weight according to a detection signal of the acoustic releaser;
the small-sized weight is used for providing gravity to fix the small-sized submerged buoy system on the sea bottom.
Further, the buoyancy of the inflatable ball is greater than the sum of the weights of the tether and the acoustic releaser, and the buoyancy of the inflatable ball is less than the sum of the weights of the tether, the acoustic releaser, and the small-sized weight.
Furthermore, a one-way pressure balance valve is installed on the inflatable ball, and when the internal pressure of the inflatable ball is higher than the pressure of the surrounding seawater, the one-way pressure balance valve is opened to release the high-pressure gas in the inflatable ball.
The invention also provides a laying and recovery method of the small submerged buoy system, which is applied to the small submerged buoy system and comprises the following steps:
laying the small submersible buoy system through the manned submersible;
and the small submerged buoy system is recovered through the surface ship.
Further, the small submersible buoy system is laid through the manned submersible vehicle, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
sequentially connecting an inflatable ball, an acoustic releaser and a small weight through a rope to form a small submerged buoy system, and placing the small submerged buoy system in a sampling basket of a manned submersible vehicle;
the manned submersible submerges to the seabed and sails to a submerged buoy system laying point;
the mechanical arm of the manned submersible sequentially takes out the small-sized heavy block, the acoustic releaser, the inflatable ball and the rope from the sampling basket and places the small-sized heavy block, the acoustic releaser, the inflatable ball and the rope on a distribution point;
the manipulator of the manned submersible aligns the inflation hole of the inflatable ball with the inflation pipe of the high-pressure gas tank of the manned submersible and injects high-pressure gas;
adjusting a one-way pressure balance valve of the inflatable ball to enable the one-way pressure balance valve to be in a balance state;
repeating the steps to finish the laying of the submerged buoy system;
further, retrieve small-size submerged buoy system through surface vessel, specifically include:
after the submerged buoy system completes the task, transmitting sound waves through an ultra-short base line or an acoustic deck unit on the surface ship to enable an acoustic releaser to release the heavy block;
after the acoustic releaser is released, the inflatable ball drives the acoustic releaser to float upwards, at the moment, the one-way pressure balance valve starts to work, and continuously releases gas outwards along with the reduction of the depth, so that the volume of the inflatable ball is kept unchanged;
tracking the position and the depth of the acoustic releaser at an ultra-short baseline moment on the surface ship;
and after the inflatable ball and the acoustic releaser reach the water surface, the surface ship recovers the submerged buoy system.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
the invention provides a small submerged buoy system and a laying and recovering method thereof, wherein the small submerged buoy system comprises an inflatable ball, an acoustic releaser and a small weight which are sequentially connected through a rope; the inflatable ball is inflated by a high pressure gas tank of the manned submersible. Laying the small submersible buoy system through the manned submersible; and the small submerged buoy system is recovered through the surface ship. The small submersible buoy system provided by the invention has the characteristics of miniaturization and portability, and the submersible buoy system and the manned submersible vehicle are organically combined, and are accurately deployed at a specified position on the seabed through the manned submersible vehicle and are recovered by a surface ship, so that the technical advantages of the manned submersible vehicle in accurate fixed-point operation are fully exerted, and the accurate fixed-point deployment of the deep sea submersible buoy system is realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a small submersible buoy system according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of deployment of a small submersible buoy system by a manned submersible vehicle in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of the method for recovering the small submersible buoy system through the surface ship.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a small submersible buoy system and a deploying and recovering method thereof, wherein the submersible buoy system is organically combined with a manned submersible, the technical advantages of the manned submersible in accurate fixed-point operation are fully exerted, the accurate fixed-point deploying of the deep sea submersible buoy system is realized, and the deep sea submersible buoy system can be recovered through a surface ship.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
As shown in fig. 1, the small submersible buoy system provided by the invention comprises an inflatable ball 1, an acoustic releaser 2 and a small weight 3 (about ten kilograms) which are connected in sequence through a rope (meter-level).
The present invention utilizes inflatable ball 1 to replace a plurality of floating balls in a conventional submerged buoy system. Before diving, the inflatable ball 1 has no gas inside, and the volume is ignored; after the underwater buoy system is laid on the seabed, the inflatable ball 1 is inflated by the high-pressure gas tank of the manned submersible vehicle, and the inflatable ball 1 provides buoyancy for the underwater buoy system after expanding in volume. It should be noted that the buoyancy of the inflatable ball 1 is required to be greater than the gravity of the rope + the acoustic releaser 2, but less than the gravity of the rope + the acoustic releaser 2+ the small-sized weight 3, so that the submerged buoy system can be ensured to be vertical on the seabed, and can float to the water surface by virtue of the buoyancy provided by the inflatable ball after the small-sized weight is released.
It should be noted that the inflatable ball 1 is equipped with a one-way pressure balancing valve, and when the pressure inside the inflatable ball 1 is higher than the pressure of the surrounding sea water, the one-way pressure balancing valve will automatically work, and the high-pressure gas inside the inflatable ball 1 will release a part of the gas into the surrounding sea water until reaching a new balance. That is, in the process of recovering the submerged buoy system, along with the gradual reduction of the depth of the submerged buoy system, the pressure of the surrounding seawater is continuously reduced, and the high-pressure gas in the inflatable ball 1 is continuously released into the surrounding seawater, so that the volume of the inflatable ball 1 can be ensured to be kept unchanged or slightly increased, otherwise, the volume of the inflatable ball 1 is continuously increased until the inflatable ball is broken.
The rope of the conventional submerged buoy system is long, the main reason is that the submerged buoy system is laid from a surface ship, the descending speed of the submerged buoy system is high and usually reaches 70-150 m/s, and after the weight reaches the seabed, the length of the rope for connecting the acoustic releaser and the weight is required to be about 50m in order to avoid the acoustic releaser from touching the seabed; meanwhile, the floating balls are connected by ropes about 20 meters, and the length between the lowest floating ball and the acoustic release device is about 20 meters. In the small submersible buoy system of the invention, the length of the rope is very short, the length of the rope connecting the acoustic releaser 2 and the small weight 3 is about 1 m, and the length of the rope connecting the acoustic releaser 2 and the inflatable ball 1 can be set according to requirements. The short rope ensures that the radius of change of the position of the acoustic release 2 is small and negligible. Whereas a 50 meter long cord, the radius of change of position of the acoustic release 2 is large, which is disadvantageous for acoustic navigation positioning.
The acoustic releaser 2 is mainly used for acoustic positioning or distance measurement, and can also be remotely released by an acoustic deck unit. The acoustic releaser 2 can be selected from the same acoustic releaser as the conventional submerged buoy system, or can be selected from a plurality of small acoustic releasers.
The small weights 3 are used to provide gravity and to secure the submerged buoy system to the sea floor, and weigh about ten kilograms. The small cast iron weight is small in size and convenient to carry.
The invention also provides a laying and recovery method of the small submerged buoy system, which is applied to the small submerged buoy system and comprises the following steps:
step 10: and laying the small submersible buoy system through the manned submersible.
Step 20: and the small submerged buoy system is recovered through the surface ship.
As shown in fig. 2, step 10 specifically includes:
step 101: the inflatable ball, the acoustic releaser and the small-sized heavy block are sequentially connected through a rope to form a small-sized submerged buoy system which is placed in the manned submersible sampling basket. Sets of subsurface buoy systems can be placed simultaneously as needed.
Step 102: the manned submersible submerges to the seabed and sails to the deployment point of the submerged buoy system.
Step 103: the manned submersible manipulator takes out the small cast iron weight, the acoustic releaser, the inflatable ball and the connecting rope from the sampling basket in sequence and places the small cast iron weight, the acoustic releaser, the inflatable ball and the connecting rope on a distribution point.
Step 104: the manned submersible manipulator aims the inflation hole of the inflatable ball at the inflation pipe of the manned submersible high-pressure gas tank, and high-pressure gas is slowly injected until the diameter of the inflatable ball reaches about 40 cm.
Step 105: after the air is filled, the one-way pressure balance valve of the inflatable ball is adjusted to be in a balanced state, and when the seawater pressure is reduced, the high-pressure air in the inflatable ball can be released into the seawater through the one-way pressure balance valve until the seawater is balanced again.
If there are multiple potential targets to be deployed, steps (102) - (105) are repeated. And finishing the laying of the submerged buoy system.
As shown in fig. 3, step 20 specifically includes:
step 201: after the submerged buoy system is completed, sound waves are transmitted through an ultra-short base line or an acoustic deck unit on the surface ship to enable an acoustic releaser to release the heavy blocks.
Step 202: after the acoustic releaser is released, the inflatable ball drives the acoustic releaser to float upwards, at the moment, the one-way pressure balance valve starts to work, and continuously releases gas outwards along with the reduction of the depth, so that the volume of the inflatable ball is kept unchanged.
Step 203: the position and depth of the acoustic releaser are tracked at an ultra-short baseline moment on the surface vessel.
Step 204: after the inflatable ball and acoustic release reach the surface, the surface vessel retrieves it.
The submersible buoy system is small in size, portable and suitable for deployment of the deep sea manned submersible and recovery of the water surface ship, the submersible buoy system and the manned submersible are organically combined, the technical advantage of accurate fixed-point operation of the manned submersible is fully exerted, accurate fixed-point deployment of the deep sea submersible buoy system is achieved, and recovery can be achieved through the water surface ship.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A small submerged buoy system is characterized by comprising an inflatable ball, an acoustic releaser and a small weight which are sequentially connected through a rope; the inflatable ball is inflated through a high-pressure air tank of the manned submersible;
the inflated inflatable ball is used for providing buoyancy for the small submersible buoy system;
the acoustic releaser is used for acoustic positioning or distance measurement, and an ultra-short baseline or an acoustic deck unit on the surface ship transmits sound waves to control the acoustic releaser to release the small-sized weight according to a detection signal of the acoustic releaser;
the small-sized weight is used for providing gravity to fix the small-sized submerged buoy system on the sea bottom.
2. The small submersible buoy system of claim 1, wherein the buoyant force of the inflatable ball is greater than the sum of the gravitational forces of the rope and the acoustic releaser, and the buoyant force of the inflatable ball is less than the sum of the gravitational forces of the rope, the acoustic releaser and the small weight.
3. A small submersible buoy system as claimed in claim 1 wherein the inflatable ball is fitted with a one-way pressure equalisation valve which opens to release high pressure gas within the inflatable ball when the internal pressure of the inflatable ball is greater than the ambient seawater pressure.
4. Deployment and recovery of a small submersible buoy system, characterized in that the deployment and recovery method is applied to a small submersible buoy system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the method comprising:
laying the small submersible buoy system through the manned submersible;
and the small submerged buoy system is recovered through the surface ship.
5. Deployment and retrieval of a small submersible buoy system as claimed in claim 4, wherein the deployment of the small submersible buoy system by the manned submersible vehicle comprises:
sequentially connecting an inflatable ball, an acoustic releaser and a small weight through a rope to form a small submerged buoy system, and placing the small submerged buoy system in a sampling basket of a manned submersible vehicle;
the manned submersible submerges to the seabed and sails to a submerged buoy system laying point;
the mechanical arm of the manned submersible sequentially takes out the small-sized heavy block, the acoustic releaser, the inflatable ball and the rope from the sampling basket and places the small-sized heavy block, the acoustic releaser, the inflatable ball and the rope on a distribution point;
the manipulator of the manned submersible aligns the inflation hole of the inflatable ball with the inflation pipe of the high-pressure gas tank of the manned submersible and injects high-pressure gas;
adjusting the one-way pressure balance valve of the inflatable ball to enable the one-way pressure balance valve to be in a balanced state, and when the seawater pressure is reduced, releasing high-pressure gas in the inflatable ball into the seawater through the one-way pressure balance valve until the seawater is balanced again;
if a plurality of submerged buoy systems need to be deployed, the steps are repeated, and the deployment of the submerged buoy system is completed.
6. Deployment and retrieval of a small submersible buoy system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the retrieval of the small submersible buoy system by a surface vessel comprises:
after the submerged buoy system completes the task, transmitting sound waves through an ultra-short base line or an acoustic deck unit on the surface ship to enable an acoustic releaser to release the heavy block;
after the acoustic releaser is released, the inflatable ball drives the acoustic releaser to float upwards, at the moment, the one-way pressure balance valve starts to work, and continuously releases gas outwards along with the reduction of the depth, so that the volume of the inflatable ball is kept unchanged;
tracking the position and the depth of the acoustic releaser at an ultra-short baseline moment on the surface ship;
and after the inflatable ball and the acoustic releaser reach the water surface, the surface ship recovers the submerged buoy system.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110857100.6A CN113428298A (en) | 2021-07-28 | 2021-07-28 | Small submerged buoy system and laying and recycling method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110857100.6A CN113428298A (en) | 2021-07-28 | 2021-07-28 | Small submerged buoy system and laying and recycling method thereof |
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| CN113428298A true CN113428298A (en) | 2021-09-24 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202110857100.6A Pending CN113428298A (en) | 2021-07-28 | 2021-07-28 | Small submerged buoy system and laying and recycling method thereof |
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| CN114291213A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-04-08 | 自然资源部第一海洋研究所 | Underwater submerged buoy fixed-point laying device and laying method |
| CN114637047A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-06-17 | 青岛唤醒海洋工程设备有限公司 | Ocean bottom seismograph based on AIS and big dipper technique |
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