CN112498180A - Integrated thermal management system of fuel cell vehicle and control method thereof - Google Patents
Integrated thermal management system of fuel cell vehicle and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112498180A CN112498180A CN202011393977.6A CN202011393977A CN112498180A CN 112498180 A CN112498180 A CN 112498180A CN 202011393977 A CN202011393977 A CN 202011393977A CN 112498180 A CN112498180 A CN 112498180A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/30—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
- B60L58/32—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
- B60H1/00385—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell
- B60H1/00392—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell for electric vehicles having only electric drive means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
- H01M10/635—Control systems based on ambient temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6567—Liquids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/66—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/66—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells
- H01M10/663—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells the system being an air-conditioner or an engine
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
- H01M8/04365—Temperature; Ambient temperature of other components of a fuel cell or fuel cell stacks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04955—Shut-off or shut-down of fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fuel cell automobile integrated heat management system and a control method thereof. The fuel cell heat management loop comprises a fuel cell, a radiator, a water pump, an expansion water tank, a temperature sensor and a three-way valve; the power battery heat management loop comprises a power battery, a radiator, a water pump, an expansion water tank, a temperature sensor and a three-way valve; the invention also discloses a control method of the system. The method comprises the steps of firstly judging the running conditions of the whole vehicle through the ambient temperature, and then comprehensively judging the opening and closing states of three-way valves of all loops at the moment according to the temperature of all loops, so that the high-efficiency utilization of heat of the integrated heat management of the whole vehicle is realized. The invention has simple control mode and compact structure, and is beneficial to improving the energy utilization rate and the economical efficiency of the fuel cell automobile.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of fuel cell automobiles, and particularly relates to an integrated thermal management system of a fuel cell automobile and a control method thereof.
Background
A fuel cell is a device that converts chemical energy into electric energy, water, and thermal energy by a chemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen. As a novel clean energy, the fuel cell has the advantages of high efficiency, silence, environmental protection, simple structure, high energy density, high safety and the like. The emergence of fuel cell vehicles provides new challenges for the research and development of fuel cell vehicle thermal management systems, and good fuel cell integrated thermal management systems play an important role in the performance development and reliable operation of fuel cell vehicles.
As an important component of energy-saving and new energy automobiles, the fuel cell automobile is a nonlinear, multivariable and time-varying complex system. The complete proton exchange membrane fuel cell automobile heat management system is to comprehensively integrate four heat management systems including passenger compartment heat management, fuel cell heat management, power battery heat management and driving motor heat management. The fuel cell operating temperature largely determines the exertion of the fuel cell performance. The fuel cell can maintain high energy conversion efficiency when being stabilized at 60-80 ℃. When the temperature of the fuel cell is too low during operation, the impedance of the cell is increased, the polarization is large, the overall performance of the fuel cell is reduced, and the efficiency is reduced; when the operating temperature of the fuel cell is too high, the proton exchange membrane is dehydrated, and safety accidents are easily caused. For the thermal management of the power battery, the performance of the battery is affected by the over-high or under-low temperature during the charging and discharging processes of the battery, and particularly, the battery may explode when the temperature of the battery is over-high. Regarding the thermal management of the driving motor, the motor system as an energy conversion unit of a fuel cell vehicle is converted into heat due to inevitable loss during the energy conversion process, and if the heat is not dissipated in time, the service life and the service performance of the motor are affected. Therefore, a reasonable fuel cell vehicle integrated thermal management system and control method are needed to improve energy utilization and overall vehicle economy. The present invention discloses a fuel cell thermal management system, a fuel cell system and a vehicle having the system, as the existing patent is CN102610838B with publication date 2014-10-15, and the invention provides a fuel cell thermal management system, a fuel cell system and a vehicle having the system, which comprises: a cooling system for recovering waste heat generated by the fuel cell system and a heating system in communication with the cooling system. The fuel cell system comprises a fuel cell stack and further comprises the fuel cell thermal management system. The cooling system cools and cools each component of the fuel cell system and recovers waste heat generated by the fuel cell system, and the heating system utilizes the waste heat recovered by the cooling system as a heat source for heating, so that heat generated by accessories such as a fuel cell stack, tail gas and electricity in the operation process of the fuel cell stack is effectively utilized, and the operation cost of the fuel cell is reduced. Also, for example, patent application publication No. CN106299411B, published as 2020-05-22, discloses a fuel cell thermal management system and a vehicle having the same. The fuel cell heat management system comprises a fuel cell pack, a water circulation driving device, an air conditioning and heating system, a radiator, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a controller. According to the fuel cell heat management system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the working temperature of the fuel cell stack and the pressure of the circulating water pipeline can be kept within a reasonable range. The above patents only consider the thermal management of the fuel cell, and do not take the thermal management of other parts of the whole vehicle into consideration.
In order to overcome the technical defects, the invention provides a fuel cell automobile integrated heat management system and a control method thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a fuel cell automobile integrated heat management system and a control method thereof, which comprehensively judge the running conditions of the whole automobile and the opening and closing states of all loops according to the ambient temperature and the temperatures of all loops, thereby realizing the efficient utilization of heat for the heat management of the whole automobile.
The invention provides a fuel cell automobile integrated heat management system which comprises a fuel cell heat management loop, a motor heat management loop, a passenger cabin heat management loop and a power cell heat management loop. The fuel cell heat management loop comprises a fuel cell, a first radiator, a first water pump, a first expansion water tank, a first temperature sensor and a first three-way valve; the motor heat management loop comprises a motor, a motor controller, a second water pump, a second radiator, a second temperature sensor and a second three-way valve; the passenger compartment heat management loop comprises a passenger compartment, an HVAC system, a third temperature sensor and a third three-way valve; the power battery loop comprises a power battery, a radiator III, a water pump III, an expansion water tank II, a temperature sensor IV and a three-way valve IV.
A fuel cell, a first temperature sensor, a first three-way valve, a first radiator, a first water pump and a first expansion water tank in the fuel cell heat management loop are sequentially connected; a motor, a motor controller, a second temperature sensor, a second water pump, a second radiator and a second three-way valve in the motor heat management loop are sequentially connected; a passenger cabin, an HVAC system, a three-way valve III and a temperature sensor III in the passenger cabin heat management loop are sequentially connected; a power battery, a three-way valve IV, an expansion water tank II, a water pump III, a radiator III and a temperature sensor IV in the power battery loop are sequentially connected; the branches of the four heat management loops all pass through the heat exchanger, the four three-way valves are all in a closed state in a normal state, at the moment, each heat management loop does not pass through the heat exchanger, and after the three-way valves are opened, the loops perform heat exchange through the heat exchanger.
The first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, the third temperature sensor and the fourth temperature sensor in the integrated heat management system of the fuel cell automobile are respectively used for measuring the temperatures of a heat management loop of the fuel cell, a heat management loop of a motor, a heat management loop of a passenger cabin and a heat management loop of a power battery.
The invention provides a control method of a vehicle-mounted fuel cell water management system, which comprises the following steps: firstly, judging the running condition of the whole vehicle according to the environmental temperature, and dividing the running of the whole vehicle into a low-temperature mode, a normal running mode and a high-temperature mode; respectively executing corresponding control methods according to different operation modes; in each heat management loop, the fuel cell has the largest heat productivity, the largest available residual heat quantity, and the second is the motor, the temperature of the two heat management loops is higher than that of the passenger cabin and the power cell loop, therefore, when the whole vehicle is in a low-temperature mode, the residual heat of the fuel cell is preferentially considered; if the temperature of the fuel cell is larger than the low temperature threshold value, the waste heat of the fuel cell can be utilized; if the temperature of the passenger compartment and the temperature of the power battery are lower than the low temperature threshold value, the passenger compartment and the power battery are required to be heated, and the waste heat of the fuel battery is used for heating the passenger compartment and the power battery; when the temperature of the fuel cell is lower than the low threshold value, the waste heat of the motor is considered to heat the passenger compartment and the power battery; when the whole vehicle is in a high-temperature mode, firstly, whether the temperature of the fuel cell is greater than a high-temperature threshold value is judged, if so, the fuel cell needs to dissipate heat, and if the temperature of the passenger compartment and the temperature of the power cell are less than the high-temperature threshold value, the difference of the temperature levels of the passenger compartment and the power cell can be utilized to dissipate heat of the fuel cell by utilizing the relatively low temperature levels of the passenger compartment and the power cell; if the temperature of the fuel cell is lower than the high temperature threshold value, then the relative low temperature level of the passenger cabin and the power battery is considered for heat dissipation of the motor; the specific embodiment is as follows.
When the passenger compartment is in the low-temperature mode, firstly, judging whether the temperature of the fuel cell is greater than a temperature low threshold value of the fuel cell, if so, judging whether the temperature of the passenger compartment and the temperature of the power cell are less than the temperature low threshold value of the power cell, if so, opening a first three-way valve, a third three-way valve and a fourth three-way valve, and at the moment, heating the passenger compartment and the power cell by utilizing the waste heat of the; if the temperature of the fuel cell is lower than the temperature low threshold value, judging whether the temperature of the motor is higher than the temperature low threshold value, if so, judging whether the temperature of the passenger compartment and the temperature of the power cell are lower than the temperature low threshold value, if so, opening the second valve, the third valve and the fourth valve, and at the moment, heating the passenger compartment and the power cell by utilizing the waste heat of the motor; when the vehicle is in the high-temperature mode, firstly, judging whether the temperature of the fuel cell is greater than a temperature high threshold value, if so, judging whether the temperature of the passenger compartment and the temperature of the power cell are less than the temperature high threshold value, if so, opening a first three-way valve, a third three-way valve and a fourth three-way valve, and cooling the fuel cell by utilizing the low temperatures of the passenger compartment and the power cell; if the temperature of the fuel cell is lower than the temperature high threshold, judging whether the temperature of the motor is higher than the temperature high threshold, if so, judging whether the temperature of the passenger compartment and the temperature of the power cell are lower than the temperature high threshold, and if so, opening valves II, III and IV, and cooling the motor by utilizing the low temperatures of the passenger compartment and the power cell; and the other conditions are operated according to the normal operation state of each thermal management loop.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1) the integrated thermal management system comprehensively considers the thermal management of the passenger compartment, the fuel cell, the power battery and the motor of the fuel cell automobile and couples the independent thermal management loops.
2) The invention respectively controls the heat management loops in low-temperature and high-temperature environments by judging the running environment of the whole vehicle, thereby improving the adaptability of the whole vehicle in different environments.
3) The control method of the integrated thermal management system is simple and easy to realize, and the economy and the energy utilization rate of the fuel cell automobile are improved.
Drawings
The above aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an integrated thermal management system for a fuel cell vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-fuel cell, 2-temperature sensor I, 3-three-way valve I, 4-radiator I, 5-water pump I, 6-expansion water tank I, 7-temperature sensor II, 8-motor controller, 9-motor, 10-three-way valve II, 11-radiator II, 12-water pump II, 13-three-way valve III, 14-temperature sensor III, 15-temperature sensor IV, 16-radiator III, 17-water pump III, 18-expansion water tank II, 19-three-way valve IV.
Fig. 2 is a detailed flowchart of the operation according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships, and are only relational terms determined to facilitate the description of the relationships between the components of the present invention, and do not denote any component, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention; the specific meaning can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as a matter of case.
As shown in fig. 1, the integrated thermal management system for a fuel cell vehicle provided by the invention comprises a fuel cell thermal management loop, a motor thermal management loop, a passenger compartment thermal management loop and a power cell thermal management loop. The fuel cell heat management loop comprises a fuel cell 1, a radiator I4, a water pump I5, an expansion water tank I6, a temperature sensor I2 and a three-way valve I3; the motor heat management loop comprises a motor 9, a motor controller 8, a second water pump 12, a second radiator 11, a second temperature sensor 7 and a second three-way valve 10; the passenger compartment thermal management loop comprises a passenger compartment, an HVAC system, a third temperature sensor 14 and a third three-way valve 13; the power battery loop comprises a power battery, a radiator III 16, a water pump III 17, an expansion water tank II 18, a temperature sensor IV 15 and a three-way valve IV 19.
A fuel cell 1, a temperature sensor I2, a three-way valve I3, a radiator I4, a water pump 5 and an expansion water tank I6 in the fuel cell heat management loop are sequentially connected; a motor 9, a motor controller 8, a second temperature sensor 7, a second water pump 12, a second radiator 11 and a second three-way valve 10 in the motor heat management loop are sequentially connected; a passenger compartment, an HVAC system, a three-way valve III 13 and a temperature sensor III 14 in the passenger compartment heat management loop are sequentially connected; a power battery, a three-way valve IV 19, an expansion water tank II 18, a water pump III 17, a radiator III 16 and a temperature sensor IV 15 in the power battery loop are sequentially connected; the branches of the four heat management loops all pass through the heat exchanger, the four three-way valves are all in a closed state in a normal state, at the moment, each heat management loop does not pass through the heat exchanger, and after the three-way valves are opened, the loops perform heat exchange through the heat exchanger.
The invention provides a control method of a fuel cell automobile integrated heat management system, which comprises the following steps: firstly, judging the running condition of the whole vehicle according to the environmental temperature, and dividing the running of the whole vehicle into a low-temperature mode, a normal running mode and a high-temperature mode; if the ambient temperature is less than the ambient low threshold T1, the mode is low-temperature mode; if the environment temperature is greater than an environment high threshold value T2, the mode is a high-temperature mode, otherwise, the mode is a normal operation mode; respectively executing corresponding control methods according to different operation modes; in each heat management loop, the fuel cell 1 has the largest heat productivity and the largest available residual heat, and then the motor 9 is arranged, the temperature of the two heat management loops is higher than that of the passenger cabin and the power battery loop, so when the whole vehicle is in a low-temperature mode, the residual heat of the fuel cell 1 is preferentially considered; if the temperature of the fuel cell 1 is greater than the temperature low threshold value T3, indicating that the residual heat of the fuel cell 1 can be utilized; if the temperature of the passenger compartment and the power battery is lower than the temperature lower thresholds T7 and T9, which indicate that the passenger compartment and the power battery need to be heated, the waste heat of the fuel battery 1 is used for heating the passenger compartment and the power battery; when the temperature of the fuel cell 1 is lower than the low threshold value T3, the waste heat of the motor 9 is secondarily considered to heat the passenger compartment and the power battery; when the whole vehicle is in a high-temperature mode, firstly, whether the temperature of the fuel cell 1 is greater than a high-temperature threshold T4 is judged, if so, the fuel cell 1 needs to dissipate heat, and if the temperature of the passenger compartment and the temperature of the power cell are less than high-temperature thresholds T8 and T10, the difference of the temperature levels of the passenger compartment and the power cell can be utilized to dissipate heat for the fuel cell 1 by utilizing the relative low-temperature levels of the passenger compartment and the power cell; if the temperature of the fuel cell 1 is lower than its high temperature threshold T4, then the relatively low temperature levels of the passenger compartment and the power cell are considered for dissipating heat from the motor 9; the specific embodiment is as follows.
When the vehicle is in the low-temperature mode, firstly, whether the temperature of the fuel cell 1 is greater than a fuel cell temperature low threshold value T3 is judged, if so, whether the temperature of the passenger compartment and the temperature of the power cell are less than corresponding temperature low threshold values T7 and T9 is judged, if so, a three-way valve I3, a three-way valve III 13 and a three-way valve IV 19 are opened, and at the moment, the passenger compartment and the power cell are heated by using the waste heat of the fuel cell 1; if the temperature of the fuel cell 1 is less than the temperature low threshold value T3, judging whether the temperature of the motor 9 is greater than the temperature low threshold value T5, if so, judging whether the temperature of the passenger compartment and the temperature of the power cell are less than the corresponding temperature low threshold values T7 and T9, if so, opening a second three-way valve 10, a third three-way valve 13 and a fourth three-way valve 19, and at the moment, heating the passenger compartment and the power cell by utilizing the waste heat of the motor 9; when the high-temperature mode is adopted, firstly, whether the temperature of the fuel cell 1 is greater than the temperature high threshold value T4 is judged, if so, whether the temperature of the passenger compartment and the temperature of the power cell are less than the corresponding temperature high threshold values T8 and T10 is judged, if so, the three-way valve I3, the three-way valve III 13 and the three-way valve IV 19 are opened, and at the moment, the low temperature of the passenger compartment and the power cell is utilized to cool the fuel cell 1; if the temperature of the fuel cell 1 is less than the high temperature threshold T4, judging whether the temperature of the motor 9 is greater than the high temperature threshold T6, if so, judging whether the temperature of the passenger compartment and the temperature of the power cell are less than the corresponding high temperature thresholds T8 and T10, if so, opening a second three-way valve 10, a third three-way valve 13 and a fourth three-way valve 19, and cooling the motor 9 by utilizing the low temperatures of the passenger compartment and the power cell; and the other conditions are operated according to the normal operation state of each thermal management loop.
Parts which are not described in the invention can be realized by adopting or referring to the prior art. In the description of the specification, a schematic representation of terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the particular features or methods described may be combined as suitable in any of the embodiments.
The embodiments of the present invention are merely exemplary and not restrictive, and those skilled in the art should understand that they can make modifications, substitutions, simplifications, etc. without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The integrated heat management system of the fuel cell automobile is characterized in that: the system comprises a fuel cell heat management loop, a motor heat management loop, a passenger cabin heat management loop and a power cell heat management loop, wherein the fuel cell heat management loop comprises a fuel cell, a first radiator, a first water pump, a first expansion water tank, a first temperature sensor and a first three-way valve; the motor heat management loop comprises a motor, a motor controller, a second water pump, a second radiator, a second temperature sensor and a second three-way valve; the passenger compartment heat management loop comprises a passenger compartment, an HVAC system, a third temperature sensor and a third three-way valve; the power battery loop comprises a power battery, a radiator III, a water pump III, an expansion water tank II, a temperature sensor IV and a three-way valve IV;
a fuel cell, a first temperature sensor, a first three-way valve, a first radiator, a first water pump and a first expansion water tank in the fuel cell heat management loop are sequentially connected; a motor, a motor controller, a second temperature sensor, a second water pump, a second radiator and a second three-way valve in the motor heat management loop are sequentially connected; a passenger cabin, an HVAC system, a three-way valve III and a temperature sensor III in the passenger cabin heat management loop are sequentially connected; a power battery, a three-way valve IV, an expansion water tank II, a water pump III, a radiator III and a temperature sensor IV in the power battery loop are sequentially connected; the branches of the four heat management loops all pass through the heat exchanger, the four three-way valves are all in a closed state in a normal state, at the moment, each heat management loop does not pass through the heat exchanger, and after the three-way valves are opened, the loops perform heat exchange through the heat exchanger.
2. The integrated thermal management system of a fuel cell vehicle of claim 1, wherein: the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, the third temperature sensor and the fourth temperature sensor are respectively used for measuring the temperatures of the fuel cell heat management loop, the motor heat management loop, the passenger cabin heat management loop and the power battery heat management loop.
3. A control method of a fuel cell automobile integrated thermal management system is characterized in that: firstly, judging the running condition of the whole vehicle according to the environmental temperature, and dividing the running of the whole vehicle into a low-temperature mode, a normal running mode and a high-temperature mode; and respectively executing corresponding control methods according to different operation modes.
4. The control method of the integrated thermal management system of the fuel cell automobile according to claim 3, characterized in that: when the passenger compartment is in the low-temperature mode, firstly, judging whether the temperature of the fuel cell is greater than a temperature low threshold value of the fuel cell, if so, judging whether the temperature of the passenger compartment and the temperature of the power cell are less than the temperature low threshold value of the power cell, if so, opening a three-way valve I, a three-way valve III and a three-way valve IV, and at the moment, heating the passenger compartment and the power cell by utilizing the waste heat of the fuel cell; if the temperature of the fuel cell is lower than the temperature low threshold value, judging whether the temperature of the motor is higher than the temperature low threshold value, if so, judging whether the temperature of the passenger compartment and the temperature of the power cell are lower than the temperature low threshold value, if so, opening a second three-way valve, a third three-way valve and a fourth three-way valve, and at the moment, heating the passenger compartment and the power cell by utilizing the waste heat of the motor; when the passenger compartment is in the high-temperature mode, firstly, judging whether the temperature of the fuel cell is greater than a temperature high threshold value of the fuel cell, if so, judging whether the temperature of the passenger compartment and the temperature of the power cell are less than the temperature high threshold value of the power cell, if so, opening a three-way valve I, a three-way valve III and a three-way valve IV, and cooling the fuel cell by utilizing the low temperature of the passenger compartment and the power cell; if the temperature of the fuel cell is lower than the temperature high threshold value, judging whether the temperature of the motor is higher than the temperature high threshold value, if so, judging whether the temperature of the passenger compartment and the temperature of the power cell are lower than the temperature high threshold value, if so, opening a second three-way valve, a third three-way valve and a fourth three-way valve, and cooling the motor by utilizing the low temperatures of the passenger compartment and the power cell; and the other conditions are operated according to the normal operation state of each thermal management loop.
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| CN115107502A (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2022-09-27 | 武汉理工大学 | Thermoelectric and phase-change material-based hybrid electric vehicle thermal management system and method |
| CN115107502B (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2024-04-12 | 武汉理工大学 | Hybrid electric vehicle thermal management system and method based on thermoelectric and phase-change materials |
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Application publication date: 20210316 |