CN112495321B - Device for condensing bio-oil by adopting Laval effect - Google Patents
Device for condensing bio-oil by adopting Laval effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN112495321B CN112495321B CN202011312606.0A CN202011312606A CN112495321B CN 112495321 B CN112495321 B CN 112495321B CN 202011312606 A CN202011312606 A CN 202011312606A CN 112495321 B CN112495321 B CN 112495321B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological oil condensation, and relates to a device for condensing biological oil by adopting a Laval effect, which comprises a reaction tube, an oil-gas tube and a Laval tube which are sequentially connected; a net disc is arranged in the reaction tube, and the reaction tube is placed in a high-temperature atmosphere furnace; an oil-gas valve is arranged on the oil-gas pipe; the Laval pipe comprises an inlet section, a convergence section I, a straight section I, a convergence section II, a straight section II and a diffusion section which are connected in sequence, wherein the inlet section is connected with an outlet of the oil-gas pipe, and the diffusion section is horn-shaped; a condensed oil outlet I and an oil outlet valve I are arranged on the side edge of the straight section I, and a condensed oil outlet II and an oil outlet valve II are arranged on the side edge of the straight section II; a cooling sleeve is sleeved outside the convergence section I, the straight section I, the convergence section II and the straight section II, and one end of the cooling sleeve is connected with a water feeding pipe; the outlet end of the diffusion section is connected with a non-condensable gas outlet pipe. The invention designs a unique Laval tube, and multiple times of condensation can be realized through one Laval tube, thereby simplifying the equipment structure and reducing the operation cost and the manufacturing cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological oil condensation, and relates to a device for condensing biological oil by adopting Laval effect.
Background
Biomass energy is the most widely used renewable energy in the world, the preparation of bio-oil by biomass pyrolysis is one of the main ways of biomass utilization, a fractional condensation device is the main equipment for grouping and enriching the bio-oil, and different bio-oil components can be obtained by controlling the condensation temperature by increasing the condensation stage number. At present, the fractional condensation device is widely applied in the fields of metal mineral flotation, separation of sludge pyrolysis oil components, recovery of hydrocarbon components analyzed by a pollutant adsorption system, recovery of volatile oil gas and the like. However, due to the presence of large amounts of non-condensable gases (H) in the bio-oil vapor 2 、CH 4 、CO 2 CO, etc.), the condensation rate of bio-oil components is reduced, and the separation efficiency is not high; the total pressure of the condensation space can be increased by the non-condensable gas in the steam, the partial pressure of the steam is reduced, the condensation heat exchange coefficient can be reduced by 20-60% by the non-condensable gas with the mass content of 1%, and the enrichment effect of phenol and derivatives thereof, catechol and derivatives thereof is poor when the non-condensable gas is used as a non-condensation section. It is reported that the bio-oil fractional condensation device has been designed to have 4 stages, and the number of condensation stages is increasedIt also results in increased equipment manufacturing and operating costs.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device for condensing bio-oil by adopting Laval effect, which solves the problem of cost increase caused by the need of arranging a multi-stage condensing device in the prior art.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a device for condensing bio-oil by adopting Laval effect comprises a reaction tube, an oil-gas tube and a Laval tube which are connected in sequence; a net disc for bearing biomass is arranged in the reaction tube, and the reaction tube is placed in a high-temperature atmosphere furnace; an oil gas valve is arranged on the oil gas pipe;
the Laval pipe comprises an inlet section, a convergence section I, a straight section I, a convergence section II, a straight section II and a diffusion section which are connected in sequence, wherein the inlet section is connected with an outlet of the oil-gas pipe, and the diffusion section is horn-shaped;
a condensed oil outlet I and an oil outlet valve I are arranged on the side edge of the straight section I, and a condensed oil outlet II and an oil outlet valve II are arranged on the side edge of the straight section II;
cooling sleeves are sleeved outside the convergence section I, the straight section I, the convergence section II and the straight section II, one end of each cooling sleeve is connected with a water feeding pipe, and a coolant valve is arranged on each water feeding pipe;
the outlet end of the diffusion section is connected with a non-condensable gas outlet pipe, and the non-condensable gas outlet pipe is provided with an exhaust valve.
Furthermore, a high-pressure chamber is arranged between the Laval pipe and the oil-gas pipe, a pressure gauge III is arranged on the high-pressure chamber, the high-pressure chamber is connected with the inlet section through a connecting pipe, and a stop valve is arranged on the connecting pipe.
Furthermore, the outlet end of the diffusion section is connected with a vacuum chamber through a connecting pipe II, a check valve II is arranged on the connecting pipe II, and a vacuum meter is arranged on the vacuum chamber; a vacuum tube is arranged behind the vacuum chamber, a pressure regulating valve and a vacuum pump are sequentially arranged on the vacuum tube, and a non-condensable gas outlet tube is arranged at the tail end of the vacuum tube.
Furthermore, the tail end of the non-condensable gas outlet pipe is sequentially provided with an absorber I, an absorber II and an air storage cylinder, and the absorber I and the absorber II are used for removing carbon dioxide and oxygen.
Furthermore, the cone angle of the diffusion section is 6-12 degrees. .
Furthermore, the upper end of the reaction tube is provided with an upper flange, and the lower end of the reaction tube is provided with a lower flange.
Furthermore, the cross section of the cooling jacket is trapezoidal, and the diameter of the outlet end is smaller than that of the inlet end;
the water feeding pipe is arranged at the outlet end of the cooling jacket, and the water outlet pipe is arranged at the inlet end of the cooling jacket.
Further, a pressure gauge II and a thermocouple II are arranged on the high-temperature atmosphere furnace.
Further, be connected with the steam device who is used for providing superheated steam at the reaction tube front end, steam device is connected with the air inlet of reaction tube including inlet tube, circulating pump, inlet tube, steam generator, steam pipe I, steam superheater and steam pipe II that connect gradually, steam pipe II.
Furthermore, a pressure gauge I and a power meter are arranged on the steam generator, a steam flowmeter is arranged on the steam pipe I, and a thermocouple I and an air inlet valve I are arranged on the steam pipe II.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the invention discloses a device for condensing bio-oil by adopting Laval effect, which comprises a reaction tube, an oil-gas tube and a Laval tube which are connected in sequence, wherein a net disc for bearing biomass is arranged in the reaction tube, the reaction tube is placed in a high-temperature atmosphere furnace, biomass particles are subjected to pyrolysis reaction on the net disc to generate oil gas containing bio-oil steam, the oil gas is sent into the Laval tube for condensation, the Laval tube comprises an inlet section, a convergence section I, a straight section I, a convergence section II, a straight section II and a diffusion section which are connected in sequence, in order to facilitate the full condensation of each component in the oil steam in different pressure sections, two stages of convergence sections and straight sections are arranged, the oil gas flows in the stage convergence sections by adjusting the pressure difference of inlets and outlets of the Laval tube, the different components are promoted to be subjected to sectional condensation by accelerating, depressurizing and condensing in the second stage throat section by utilizing the bio-oil steam, and then the condensed bio-oil steam is led out from the two throat oil outlets regularly. The Laval effect can make the steam containing non-condensable gas form jet flow, change the pressure of the condensing space, promote the steam to condense instantly and thus separate from non-condensable gas, the pressure gradient of the condensing space can promote the sectional condensation of different steam components, simplify the fractional condensation equipment. The invention designs a unique Laval tube, and multiple times of condensation can be realized through one Laval tube, thereby simplifying the equipment structure and reducing the operation cost and the manufacturing cost.
Furthermore, a high-pressure chamber is arranged between the Laval tube and the oil-gas tube, and the air pressure in the high-pressure chamber is set to be more than 10MPa, so that a higher pressure difference is formed between the high-pressure chamber and the pressure of the vacuum chamber at the rear part of the diffusion section, the flow process of the oil-gas flow from subsonic speed to supersonic speed is promoted, and the oil-gas condensation efficiency is improved.
Furthermore, the tail end of the incondensable gas outlet pipe is sequentially provided with an absorber I, an absorber II and a gas storage cylinder, gas products discharged from the incondensable gas outlet pipe mainly comprise methane, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, oxygen and water vapor, the carbon dioxide and the oxygen are removed through the absorber I and the absorber II, and the residual methane, the hydrogen and the carbon monoxide are sent into the gas storage cylinder for storage and are collected for recycling.
Furthermore, the coolant in the water feeding pipe adopts cooling water, so that the cost is lowest, and the cooling effect is not poor.
Furthermore, the cone angle of the diffusion section is 6-12 degrees, so that the mixed gas can be expanded conveniently, and the pressure is reduced.
Furthermore, the front end of the reaction tube is connected with a steam device for providing superheated steam, and steam is introduced into the reaction tube, so that more high-calorific-value gas can be generated conveniently.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a laval tube of the present invention.
Wherein: 1 is a steam generator; 2 is a circulating pump; 3 is a water adding pipe; 4 is a water inlet valve; 5 is a water inlet pipe; 6 is a power meter; 7 is a pressure gauge I; 8 is a steam pipe I; 9 is a steam superheater; 10 is a steam pipe II; 11 is a thermocouple I; 12 is an air inlet valve I; 13 is an upper flange; 14 is a reaction tube; 15 is a pressure gauge II; 16 is a high-temperature atmosphere furnace; 17 is a thermocouple II; 18 is a non-condensable gas outlet pipe; 19 is an exhaust valve; 20 is a Laval tube; 21 is a water outlet valve; 22 is a water outlet pipe; 23 is a cooling jacket; 24 is a condensed oil outlet I; 25 is a booster pump; 26 is a water inlet valve II; 27 is a water feeding pipe; 28 is an oil gas valve; 29 is an oil gas pipe; 30 is a lower flange; 31 is a net disc; 32 is a steam flow meter; 33 is a condensed oil outlet II; 34 is an oil outlet valve I; 35 is an oil outlet valve II;
36 is a pressure gauge III; 37 is a high-pressure chamber; 38 is a connecting pipe; 39 is a stop valve; 40 is an inlet section; 41 is a convergence section I; 42 is a straight section I; 43 is convergence section II; 44 is a straight section II; 45 is a diffusion section; 46 is a connecting pipe II; 47 is a check valve II; 48 is a vacuum gauge; 49 is a vacuum chamber; 50 is a vacuum pump; 51 is a pressure regulating valve; 52 is a vacuum tube;
53 is an absorber I; 54 is a non-condensable gas connecting pipe; 55 is an absorber II; 56 is an air cylinder; 57 is a gas storage pipe; and 58 is an air storage valve.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative, but not limiting, of the invention.
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1-2, the invention discloses a device for condensing bio-oil by adopting the laval effect, which comprises a reaction tube 14, an oil-gas tube 29 and a laval tube 20 which are connected in sequence; a net disc 31 for bearing biomass is arranged in the reaction tube 14, and the reaction tube 14 is placed in the high-temperature atmosphere furnace 16; an oil-gas valve 28 is arranged on the oil-gas pipe 29; the laval pipe 20 comprises an inlet section 40, a convergence section I41, a straight section I42, a convergence section II 43, a straight section II 44 and a diffusion section 45 which are connected in sequence, the inlet section 40 is connected with an outlet of the oil-gas pipe 29, and the diffusion section 45 is horn-shaped; a condensed oil outlet I24 and an oil outlet valve I34 are arranged on the side edge of the straight section I42, and a condensed oil outlet II 33 and an oil outlet valve II 35 are arranged on the side edge of the straight section II 44; a cooling jacket 23 is sleeved outside the convergent section I41, the straight section I42, the convergent section II 43 and the straight section II 44, one end of the cooling jacket 23 is connected with a water feeding pipe 27, and a coolant valve is arranged on the water feeding pipe 27; the outlet end of the diffuser section 45 is connected with a non-condensable gas outlet pipe 18, and the non-condensable gas outlet pipe 18 is provided with an exhaust valve 19.
Preferably, a steam device for providing superheated steam is connected to the front end of the reaction tube 14, the steam device comprises a water inlet tube 5, a circulating pump 2, the water inlet tube 5, a steam generator 1, a steam tube I8, a steam superheater 9 and a steam tube II 10 which are connected in sequence, and the steam tube II 10 is connected with an air inlet of the reaction tube 14.
More preferably, the cooling jacket 23 is trapezoidal in cross-section, with the diameter of the outlet end being smaller than the diameter of the inlet end; the water supply pipe 27 is arranged at the outlet end of the cooling jacket 23, and the water outlet pipe 22 is arranged at the inlet end of the cooling jacket 23. The coolant flows back, and the cooling effect is better.
Specifically, the lower left of the steam generator 1 is connected with a circulating pump 2 through a water inlet pipe 5, and the circulating pump 2 is connected with a water feeding pipe 3 and a water inlet valve 4; the steam generator 1 is provided with a power meter 6, a pressure gauge I7 and a steam pipe I8, the steam pipe I8 is provided with a steam flow meter 32, the other end of the steam pipe I8 is connected with the lower part of a superheater 9, the upper part of the superheater 9 is connected with a steam pipe II 10, and the steam pipe II 10 is provided with a thermocouple I11 and an air inlet valve I12; the other end of the steam pipe II 10 is connected to the upper flange 13; the lower part of the upper flange 13 is in threaded connection with a reaction tube 14, the reaction tube 14 is inserted into a high-temperature atmosphere furnace 16, a net disc 31 is placed in the reaction tube 14, a lower flange 30 is installed below the reaction tube 14, and a pressure gauge II 15 and a thermocouple II 17 are respectively installed on the high-temperature atmosphere furnace 16; an oil-gas pipe 29 is arranged below the lower flange 30, an oil-gas valve 28 is arranged on the oil-gas pipe 29, the other end of the oil-gas pipe 29 is arranged at the inlet of the Laval pipe 20, and a non-condensable gas outlet pipe 18 and an exhaust valve 19 are arranged at the outlet of the Laval pipe 20; the outer part of the Laval tube 20 is sleeved with a cooling jacket 23, the right lower part of the cooling jacket 23 is provided with a booster pump 25 through a water feeding pipe 27, the water feeding pipe 27 is provided with a water inlet valve II 26, the left lower part of the cooling jacket 23 is provided with a water outlet pipe 22, the water outlet pipe 22 is provided with a water outlet valve 21, the front part and the rear part below the Laval tube 20 are respectively provided with a condensed oil outlet I24 and a condensed oil outlet II 33, and the oil outlet valve I34 and the oil outlet valve II 35 are respectively arranged on the upper parts of the condensed oil outlet and the condensed oil outlet.
Preferably, an absorber i 53 is installed on the incondensable gas outlet pipe 18, the absorber i 53 is connected with an absorber ii 55 through an incondensable gas connecting pipe 54, the absorber ii 55 is connected with an air storage cylinder 56 through an air storage pipe 57, and an air storage valve 58 is installed on the air storage pipe 57.
The gas products discharged from the non-condensable gas outlet pipe 18 mainly comprise methane, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, oxygen and water vapor, the carbon dioxide and the oxygen are removed after passing through the absorber I53 and the absorber II 55, and the residual methane, the hydrogen and the carbon monoxide are sent into the gas storage cylinder 56 for storage and are collected for recycling.
The absorber I53 can be filled with potassium hydroxide solution to remove carbon dioxide; the absorber II 55 can be filled with a coking terminal seed acid solution to remove oxygen; and a water vapor filter can be additionally arranged at an exhaust port at the upper end of the absorber II 55 to remove water vapor, and the residual gas is combustible gas.
Preferably, a high-pressure chamber 37 is arranged between the laval pipe 20 and the oil-gas pipe 29, a pressure gauge iii 36 is arranged on the high-pressure chamber 37, the high-pressure chamber 37 is connected to an inlet section 40 via a connecting pipe 38, and a shut-off valve 39 is arranged above the connecting pipe 38.
Preferably, the outlet end of the diffusion section 45 is connected with a vacuum chamber 49 through a connecting pipe II 46, a check valve II 47 is installed on the connecting pipe II 46, and a vacuum meter 48 is installed on the vacuum chamber 49; a vacuum pipe 52 is installed behind the vacuum chamber 49, a pressure regulating valve 51 and a vacuum pump 50 are sequentially installed on the vacuum pipe 52, and a non-condensable gas outlet pipe 18 is installed at the end of the vacuum pipe 52.
Specifically, the oil and gas pipe 29 is connected to a high-pressure chamber 37, the high-pressure chamber 37 is connected to an inlet section 40 through a connecting pipe 38, and a stop valve 39 is mounted on the connecting pipe 38; the rear of the inlet section 40 is sequentially connected with a convergence section I41, a straight section I42, a convergence section II 43, a straight section II 44 and a diffusion section 45, the rear of the diffusion section 45 is connected with a vacuum chamber 49 through a connecting pipe II 46, a check valve II 47 is arranged on the connecting pipe II 46, and a 48 is arranged on the vacuum chamber 49; the cooling jacket 23 is arranged outside the convergent section I41, the straight section I42, the convergent section II 43 and the straight section II 44, the tail end of the cooling jacket 23 is provided with the water feeding pipe 27, and the head end of the cooling jacket 23 is provided with the water pumping pipe 22; a vacuum tube 52 is arranged behind the vacuum chamber 49, a pressure regulating valve 51 and a vacuum pump 50 are sequentially arranged on the vacuum tube 52, a non-condensable gas outlet tube 18 is arranged at the tail end of the vacuum tube 52, and an exhaust valve 19 is arranged on the non-condensable gas outlet tube 18; the condensed oil outlet I24 is arranged on the straight section I42, and the condensed oil outlet II 33 is arranged on the straight section II 44.
The invention discloses a device for condensing bio-oil by adopting Laval effect, which comprises the following components in use:
the tap water in a laboratory is sent into a steam generator 1 by a circulating pump 2, the tap water is heated and converted into saturated steam, the saturated steam is sent into a steam superheater 9 to be continuously heated and converted into superheated steam, then the superheated steam is sent into a reaction pipe 14 in a high-temperature atmosphere furnace 16 to perform gasification reaction together with biomass placed on a net disc 31, generated gas products comprise a plurality of biological oil steam and non-condensable gas, the biological oil steam and the non-condensable gas are sent into a high-pressure chamber 37 from an oil-gas pipe 29 as multi-component steam and non-condensable gas, after the pressure in the high-pressure chamber 37 is increased to be higher than 10MPa, a stop valve 39 is opened, the high-pressure gas overflows from the high-pressure chamber 37 into an inlet section 40 through a lower flange 30 and then sequentially flows into a convergence section I41, a straight section I42, a convergence section II 43 and a straight section II 44 to be condensed, the multi-component steam and non-condensable gas mixture further flows into a diffusion section 45, the vacuum chamber 49 is pumped by a vacuum pump 50 to be back pressure of about 5kPa, under the action of pressure difference between the inlet high pressure and the outlet vacuum, the oil-gas flow velocity is gradually increased to be subsonic velocity, the total pressure, the partial pressure is gradually decreased, the partial pressure is respectively increased to be cooled in the straight section II, and the whole process is cooled in the supersonic temperature section II.
Cooling water is sent into the cooling jacket 23 by the booster pump 25, reversely flows through the straight section II 44, the convergent section II 43, the straight section I42 and the convergent section I41 from the outlets in sequence, carries away heat released by condensation of multi-component steam, and condensate is collected and sampled from the condensate oil outlet 24 on the straight section I42 and the condensate oil outlet 33 on the straight section II 44 respectively. An absorber I53 is installed on the non-condensable gas outlet pipe 18, the absorber I53 is connected with an absorber II 55 through a non-condensable gas connecting pipe 54, the absorber II 55 is connected with an air storage cylinder 56 through an air storage pipe 57, and an air storage valve 58 is installed on the air storage pipe 57.
A thermocouple I11 and a thermocouple II 17 are respectively arranged on an outlet of the steam superheater 9 and the high-temperature atmosphere furnace 16 to measure the temperature of superheated steam and the temperature in the furnace, a steam flow meter 32 is arranged above the steam generator 1 to measure the mass flow of the steam, and a pressure gauge I6 and a pressure gauge II 15 are respectively arranged above the steam generator 1 and the high-temperature atmosphere furnace 16 to measure the pressure in the steam and the high-temperature atmosphere furnace 16.
The power of the steam generator 1 is 3-9 kW, saturated steam with the pressure of 0.1-0.6 MPa can be generated, and the mass flow of the generated steam is 0.7-3 g/s.
The steam superheater 9 has a power of 1kW and can superheat saturated steam to 150 ℃.
The heating power of the high-temperature atmosphere furnace 16 is 8kW, the highest heating temperature is 1200 ℃, the heating rate is 10 ℃/mIn, the gasification temperature can be adjusted from 200-1200 ℃, the heat preservation time can be set automatically, and the continuous operation can be carried out for 24 hours.
The high temperature atmosphere furnace 16 is internally provided with a reaction tube 14 with the inner diameter of 100mm and the length of 1m, the upper end and the lower end of the reaction tube are sealed by an upper flange 13 and a lower flange 30, and the whole furnace body of the high temperature atmosphere furnace is insulated by polycrystalline mullite fiber.
The steam flow meter 32 has a span of 0-200L/mln with an accuracy of 1%.
The measuring range of the pressure gauge I6 and the pressure gauge II 15 is 0-1.0MPa, and the precision grade is 0.5.
In order to facilitate the full condensation of each component in oil vapor in different pressure sections, two stages of convergence sections and straight sections are arranged, namely a convergence section I41, a convergence section II 43, a straight section I42 and a straight section II 44, the lengths of the straight section I42 and the straight section II 44 are determined according to the mass flow of condensed oil gas, and the straight section is longer when the mass flow of the oil gas is larger.
Specifically, the inner diameters of a converging section I41 and a converging section II 43 in the Laval tube 20 are changed between 200 mm and 30mm, the inner diameters of a straight section I42 and a straight section II 44 are changed between 60 mm and 5mm, and the diffusion angle alpha of a diffusion section 45 is 6 degrees to 12 degrees.
The pressure in the high pressure chamber 37 is set to be more than 10MPa, so that a higher pressure difference is formed between the high pressure chamber and the pressure of the vacuum chamber 49 at the rear part of the diffuser section 45, the flow process from subsonic speed to supersonic speed of oil-gas flow is promoted, and the oil-gas condensation efficiency is improved. The gas pressure in the high-pressure chamber 37 is derived from the pyrolysis gas pressure, and the pyrolysis process may be caused to occur at a high pressure, or the oil gas pressure in the high-pressure chamber 37 may be increased by pumping the pyrolysis gas product into the high-pressure chamber 37 using an oil gas pump.
The distances between the outer surfaces of the convergent section I41, the straight section I42, the convergent section II 43 and the straight section II 44 in the Laval pipe 20 and the inner surface of the cooling jacket 23 are more than or equal to 20mm, otherwise, cooling water is not enough to take away heat in time.
The device for condensing the bio-oil by adopting the Laval effect can be divided into the following steps:
1) Checking whether all valves can be switched on or off and all pipelines are unblocked, and zeroing all instruments;
2) Opening the upper flange 13, placing a certain amount of biomass particles or biomass and waste plastic mixed hot-press molding particles on the net disc 31, and closing the upper flange 13;
3) Opening a water inlet valve 4, adding water to the evaporation generator 1 to a specified position, closing the water inlet valve 4, and opening a pressure gauge I6 to a specified power;
4) Heating the evaporation generator 1, observing the reading of a pressure gauge I7 on the evaporation generator 1, and waiting to be introduced into the reaction tube 14 when the pressure reaches 1 MPa;
5) Setting the highest heating temperature and the heating rate for electrifying and heating the high-temperature atmosphere furnace 16;
6) When the temperature of the water inlet valve I4 reaches 600 ℃, opening the air inlet valve I12, introducing steam into the reaction tube 14, observing the readings of a pressure gauge II 15 and a thermocouple II 17 on the reaction tube 14, and recording;
7) Opening the oil-gas valve 28 and closing the stop valve 39, and gradually increasing the pressure of the high-pressure chamber;
8) Turning on the vacuum pump 50, vacuumizing the convergence section and the straight section, and recording the reading on the vacuum meter 48;
9) A water inlet valve II 26, an exhaust valve 19 and a water outlet valve 21 are used for introducing cooling water into the cooling jacket 23;
10 Open the stop valve 39 so that the oil gas flows through the convergent section and the straight section and is condensed under the action of the counter-flow cooling water;
11 Opening a condensed oil outlet I24 and an oil outlet valve II 35, and sampling biological oil with different components for testing.
12 Open the exhaust valve 19 and the gas storage valve 58 to store the combustible gas in the gas storage cylinder.
Example 1
The particle size of hot-press molding particles of the straw scraps is 1.8-2.9mm, the charging amount is 60g, the straw scraps are put into a high-temperature atmosphere furnace 16 for gasification, the steam mass flow is about 3g/s, the heating rate is 25 ℃/mIn, after running for 60 minutes, the highest furnace temperature is 900 ℃, a secondary sleeve condenser is adopted, the cooling medium adopts counter-current cooling water, the initial temperature is 10 ℃, the amount of condensed oil obtained on the primary condenser is 1.51g, and the amount of condensed oil obtained on the secondary condenser is 1.03g.
Example 2
The particle size of hot-press molding particles of straw scraps is 1.8-2.9mm, the charging amount is 60g, the hot-press molding particles are put into a high-temperature atmosphere furnace 16 for gasification, the mass flow of steam is about 3g/s, the heating rate is 25 ℃/mIn, after the operation is carried out for 60 minutes, the maximum furnace temperature is 900 ℃, the amount of condensed oil obtained at a condensed oil outlet I24 is 3.1g, the amount of condensed oil at a condensed oil outlet II 33 is 5.2g, and fuel gas is 0.43m 3 。
Example 3
The hot-press molding method is adopted to carry out hot-press molding on the corncob scraps, the particle size is 3.1-4.4mm, the charging amount is 55g, the corncob scraps are put into the high-temperature atmosphere furnace 16 to be gasified, the steam mass flow is about 30 ℃/mn, after the operation is carried out for 60 minutes, the highest furnace temperature is 900 ℃, the condensate oil amount of a condensate oil outlet I24 is 2.3g, the condensate oil amount of a condensate oil outlet II 33 is 4.7g, and the fuel gas is 0.38m 3 。
The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A device for condensing bio-oil by adopting Laval effect is characterized by comprising a reaction tube (14), an oil-gas tube (29) and a Laval tube (20) which are connected in sequence; a net disc (31) for bearing biomass is arranged in the reaction tube (14), and the reaction tube (14) is placed in the high-temperature atmosphere furnace (16); an oil-gas valve (28) is arranged on the oil-gas pipe (29);
the laval pipe (20) comprises an inlet section (40), a convergence section I (41), a straight section I (42), a convergence section II (43), a straight section II (44) and a diffusion section (45) which are connected in sequence, the inlet section (40) is connected with an outlet of the oil-gas pipe (29), and the diffusion section (45) is horn-shaped;
a condensed oil outlet I (24) and an oil outlet valve I (34) are arranged on the side edge of the straight section I (42), and a condensed oil outlet II (33) and an oil outlet valve II (35) are arranged on the side edge of the straight section II (44);
a cooling jacket (23) is sleeved outside the convergence section I (41), the straight section I (42), the convergence section II (43) and the straight section II (44), one end of the cooling jacket (23) is connected with a water feeding pipe (27), and a coolant valve is arranged on the water feeding pipe (27);
the outlet end of the diffusion section (45) is connected with a non-condensable gas outlet pipe (18), and the non-condensable gas outlet pipe (18) is provided with an exhaust valve (19);
a high-pressure chamber (37) is arranged between the Laval pipe (20) and the oil-gas pipe (29), a pressure gauge III (36) is arranged on the high-pressure chamber (37), the high-pressure chamber (37) is connected with an inlet section (40) through a connecting pipe (38), and a stop valve (39) is arranged on the connecting pipe (38);
the outlet end of the diffusion section (45) is connected with a vacuum chamber (49) through a connecting pipe II (46), a check valve II (47) is installed on the connecting pipe II (46), and a vacuum meter (48) is installed on the vacuum chamber (49); a vacuum tube (52) is arranged behind the vacuum chamber (49), a pressure regulating valve (51) and a vacuum pump (50) are sequentially arranged on the vacuum tube (52), and a non-condensable gas outlet tube (18) is arranged at the tail end of the vacuum tube (52);
the tail end of the non-condensable gas outlet pipe (18) is sequentially provided with an absorber I (53), an absorber II (55) and an air storage cylinder (56), and the absorber I (53) and the absorber II (55) are used for removing carbon dioxide and oxygen;
the cone angle of the diffusion section (45) is 6-12 degrees;
the cross section of the cooling jacket (23) is trapezoidal, and the diameter of the outlet end is smaller than that of the inlet end;
the water feeding pipe (27) is arranged at the outlet end of the cooling jacket (23), and the water outlet pipe (22) is arranged at the inlet end of the cooling jacket (23).
2. The apparatus for condensing bio-oil using the Laval effect as defined in claim 1, wherein the reaction tube (14) is provided at an upper end thereof with an upper flange (13) and at a lower end thereof with a lower flange (30).
3. The apparatus for condensing bio-oil according to the Laval effect as claimed in claim 1, wherein the high temperature atmosphere furnace (16) is provided with a pressure gauge II (15) and a thermocouple II (17).
4. The apparatus for condensing bio-oil using the laval effect as claimed in claim 1, wherein a steam unit for supplying superheated steam is connected to the front end of the reaction tube (14), the steam unit comprises a water inlet tube (5), a circulation pump (2), a water inlet tube (5), a steam generator (1), a steam tube i (8), a steam superheater (9) and a steam tube ii (10) which are connected in sequence, and the steam tube ii (10) is connected to the air inlet of the reaction tube (14).
5. The device for condensing bio-oil by the Laval effect as claimed in claim 4, wherein the steam generator (1) is provided with a pressure gauge I (7) and a power gauge (6), the steam pipe I (8) is provided with a steam flow meter (32), and the steam pipe II (10) is provided with a thermocouple I (11) and an air inlet valve I (12).
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