CN112494132B - Nail taking device for orthopedics department - Google Patents
Nail taking device for orthopedics department Download PDFInfo
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- CN112494132B CN112494132B CN202011095313.1A CN202011095313A CN112494132B CN 112494132 B CN112494132 B CN 112494132B CN 202011095313 A CN202011095313 A CN 202011095313A CN 112494132 B CN112494132 B CN 112494132B
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- 230000000399 orthopedic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 208000029725 Metabolic bone disease Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 230000037182 bone density Effects 0.000 description 5
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008733 trauma Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements
- A61B17/88—Osteosynthesis instruments; Methods or means for implanting or extracting internal or external fixation devices
- A61B17/92—Impactors or extractors, e.g. for removing intramedullary devices
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an orthopedic nail taking device which comprises a positioning unit and a nail taking unit, wherein the positioning unit comprises a top plate, sliding rods vertically arranged at two ends of the bottom of the top plate, abutting blocks hinged to the bottoms of the sliding rods and a moving plate arranged between the two sliding rods in a sliding manner, and fixing belts are arranged on opposite sides of the two abutting blocks. Aiming at a patient with low bone density, a doctor can repeatedly press a first pressing bag by one hand to enable a rotating rod to rotate ceaselessly, and can press a second pressing bag by the other hand to enable hydraulic oil in the second pressing bag to enter the second piston cylinder through a hose to enable the second piston to move upwards in the first piston cylinder so as to drive a connecting rod to move upwards, so that a certain pulling force is generated on the rotating rod through the connecting rod and a steel nail is taken out by matching with the rotating rod.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nail taking devices, in particular to an orthopedic nail taking device.
Background
In medical clinic, fracture is one of common diseases of bone trauma, the method for treating fracture is to perform internal fixation operation, namely, after the fracture part is reduced, the reduced bones are connected by a bone fracture plate made of metal material and screws, and the screws are required to be detached in the process of removing the bone fracture plate after the internal fixation operation is performed.
The existing common surgical nail taking method is to clamp a metal exposed part by a clamp to forcefully rotate to take out a steel nail, but because no fixing device is provided, once a hand shakes during the operation process, a nail groove and tissues adjacent to the steel nail in the human body are easily damaged by a doctor, the fracture part is damaged again, and because the bone density of part of patients is low, threads are difficult to form on the bone, the nail groove and the tissues are not screwed out continuously after being rotated to a certain position during taking out, and the nail taking device can only idle in place, although the nail taking device in the prior art is also provided with a device which is matched with the external arranged threads to generate outward pulling force to further take out the steel nail, when the fixing device is used, the whole device is fixed on a sickbed or an operating table, and then the nail taking operation is carried out, but when the bone nails at certain positions are taken out, the nail taking device which is fixedly arranged cannot be flexibly adjusted, there is a certain inconvenience, for example, the angle of insertion of the steel nail.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an orthopedic nail-taking device to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the nail taking device for the orthopaedics comprises a positioning unit and a nail taking unit, wherein the positioning unit comprises a top plate, sliding rods vertically arranged at two ends of the bottom of the top plate, abutting blocks hinged to the bottoms of the sliding rods and a movable plate arranged between the two sliding rods in a sliding manner, and fixing belts are arranged on one sides of the two abutting blocks, which are opposite to each other;
the nail taking unit comprises an external driving rotating part, an external tension applying part and a fixed head, wherein the external driving rotating part comprises a rotating rod arranged at the middle position of the moving plate in a penetrating mode, a gear arranged at the top end of the rotating rod through a one-way bearing, a piston cylinder I arranged at the top of the moving plate on one side of the gear, a piston I arranged inside the piston cylinder in a sliding mode and a rack vertically arranged on one side, close to the gear, of the piston I, the rack is meshed with the gear, a spring is arranged between the piston I and one end, close to the gear, of the piston cylinder I, and one end, far away from the rack, of the piston cylinder I is connected with a pressing bag I through a hose; the external tension applying component comprises a piston cylinder II vertically arranged in the middle of the top plate, a piston II slidably arranged in the piston cylinder II and a connecting rod vertically arranged at the bottom of the piston II, the bottom end of the connecting rod is connected with the top end of the rotating rod through a bearing, and one side of the bottom of the piston cylinder II is connected with a pressing bag II through a hose; the dwang below is located to the fixed head, and the fixed head passes through the universal joint with the dwang and is connected, the fixed head includes the cylinder type fixed block, the bottom of cylinder type fixed block sets up the cylinder type recess, evenly set up the bar on the cylinder type fixed block in the outside of cylinder type recess and lead to the groove, the inside in the groove that the bar leads to articulates there is fan-shaped layering, the bar leads to the groove top cylinder type fixed block outside threaded connection extrusion nut.
Preferably, the bottom of the contact block is provided with a rubber pad.
Preferably, hydraulic oil is arranged in the first pressing bag and the first piston cylinder and in the second pressing bag and the second piston cylinder.
Preferably, rubber bulges are uniformly arranged on one side, close to the cylindrical groove, of the sector-shaped pressing strip.
Preferably, a bearing is arranged between the outer side of the rotating rod and the moving plate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the invention, the sliding rods are vertically arranged at the two ends of the bottom of the top plate, the contact blocks are hinged to the bottoms of the sliding rods, the movable plate is arranged between the two sliding rods in a sliding manner, and the fixing belts are arranged on the opposite sides of the contact blocks.
(2) The invention sets a rotating rod at the middle position of a moving plate in a penetrating way, sets a gear at the top end of the rotating rod through a one-way bearing, sets a piston cylinder I at the top of the moving plate at one side of the gear, sets a piston I in the piston cylinder I in a sliding way, sets a rack vertically at one side of the piston I close to the gear, and the rack is meshed with the gear, sets a spring between the piston I and one end of the piston cylinder I close to the gear, connects a pressing bag I at one end of the piston cylinder I far away from the rack through a hose, when in application, a doctor repeatedly presses the pressing bag I, when applying pressure to the pressing bag I, hydraulic oil in the pressing bag I enters the piston cylinder I through the hose to enable the piston I to move to one side close to the gear in the piston cylinder I and compress the spring, further, the rack arranged at one side of the piston is moved, because the rack is meshed with the gear, the gear passes through one-way bearing and sets up on the dwang, one-way bearing is the lock dead state this moment, thereby the matching through rack and gear makes the dwang take place to rotate and drive the steel nail and take place to rotate, when the doctor relaxes and presses the bag temporarily, receive the effort of spring, the piston resets and drives the rack and reset, one-way bearing is active state this moment, the rack resets and can not drive the dwang and rotate, at this in-process, the doctor only needs can drive the dwang through pressing bag one and rotate, doctor's hand does not touch the dwang, not hard contact with the location unit, when having avoided the shake of doctor's hand, lead to getting the nail unit and take place the shake and make the fracture position receive the damage once more, and still reduced the doctor and being in the nervous sense of getting the nail in-process.
(3) The invention arranges the second piston cylinder at the middle position of the top plate, arranges the second piston in the second piston cylinder in a sliding way, arranges the connecting rod vertically at the bottom of the second piston cylinder, the bottom end of the connecting rod is connected with the top end of the rotating rod through a bearing, one side of the bottom of the second piston cylinder is connected with the second pressing bag through a hose, when in application, aiming at a patient with lower bone density, one hand of a doctor can repeatedly press the first pressing bag to ensure that the rotating rod does not stop rotating, the other hand of the doctor can press the second pressing bag to ensure that hydraulic oil in the second pressing bag enters the second piston cylinder through the hose, so that the second piston moves upwards in the first piston cylinder to drive the connecting rod to move upwards, thereby generating a certain pulling force to the rotating rod through the connecting rod to be matched with the rotating rod to take out a steel nail, and aiming at a patient with higher bone density, the doctor only needs to repeatedly press the first pressing bag, the steel nail is automatically removed through the formation of threads on the bone.
(4) The fixed head and the rotating rod are connected through the universal joint, so that the fixed head and the exposed part of the steel nail are locked in application, and the rotating rod and the fixed head can deflect at a certain angle in rotation, so that the flexible adjustment can be realized, and the use is convenient.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the external tension applying member of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of a partial structure at a in fig. 1.
In the figure: 1. a top plate; 2. a slide bar; 3. a contact block; 4. moving the plate; 5. fixing belts; 6. rotating the rod; 7. a one-way bearing; 8. a gear; 9. a first piston cylinder; 10. a first piston; 11. a rack; 12. a spring; 13. pressing the first bag; 14. a piston cylinder II; 15. a second piston; 16. a connecting rod; 17. pressing the second bag; 18. a cylindrical fixed block; 19. a cylindrical groove; 20. a strip-shaped through groove; 21. a sector-shaped layering; 22. extruding the nut; 23. a rubber pad; 24. a rubber bulge; 25. a universal joint.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-3, an embodiment of the present invention is shown: a nail taking device for orthopedics department comprises a positioning unit and a nail taking unit, wherein the positioning unit comprises a top plate 1, sliding rods 2 vertically arranged at two ends of the bottom of the top plate 1, abutting blocks 3 hinged to the bottoms of the sliding rods 2 and a movable plate 4 arranged between the two sliding rods 2 in a sliding mode, fixing belts 5 are arranged on the opposite sides of the two abutting blocks 3, and rubber pads 23 are arranged at the bottoms of the abutting blocks 3;
the nail taking unit comprises an external driving rotating component, an external pulling force applying component and a fixed head, wherein the external driving rotating component comprises a rotating rod 6 penetrating the middle position of the moving plate 4, a gear 8 arranged at the top end of the rotating rod 6 through a one-way bearing 7, a piston cylinder I9 arranged at the top of the moving plate 4 on one side of the gear 8, a piston I10 arranged in the piston cylinder I9 in a sliding manner and a rack 11 vertically arranged on one side, close to the gear 8, of the piston I10, the rack 11 is meshed with the gear 8, a spring 12 is arranged between the piston I10 and one end, close to the gear 8, of the piston cylinder I9, one end, far away from the rack 11, of the piston cylinder I9 is connected with a pressing bag I13 through a hose, and a bearing is arranged between the outer side of the rotating rod 6 and the moving plate 4; the external tension applying component comprises a piston cylinder II 14 vertically arranged in the middle of the top plate 1, a piston II 15 arranged in the piston cylinder II 14 in a sliding mode and a connecting rod 16 vertically arranged at the bottom of the piston II 15, the bottom end of the connecting rod 16 is connected with the top end of the rotating rod 6 through a bearing, one side of the bottom of the piston cylinder II 14 is connected with a pressing bag II 17 through a hose, and hydraulic oil is arranged in the pressing bag I13 and the piston cylinder I9 and in the pressing bag II 17 and the piston cylinder II 14; dwang 6 below is located to the fixed head, and the fixed head passes through universal joint 25 with dwang 6 and is connected, and the fixed head includes cylinder type fixed block 18, and the bottom of cylinder type fixed block 18 sets up cylinder type recess 19, evenly sets up the logical groove of bar 20 on the cylinder type fixed block 18 in the outside of cylinder type recess 19, and the inside that the logical groove of bar 20 is articulated to have fan-shaped layering 21, and one side that fan-shaped layering 21 is close to cylinder type recess 19 evenly sets up rubber bulge 24, and the logical groove of bar 18 outside threaded connection extrusion nut 22 of cylinder type fixed block above 20.
The working principle is as follows: when the nail pressing device is applied, the exposed part of the steel nail extends into the cylindrical groove 19 of the cylindrical fixing block 18, the extrusion nut 22 is rotated to enable the extrusion nut 22 to move towards the cylindrical groove 19, the extrusion nut 22 moves towards the cylindrical groove and can extrude the other end of the fan-shaped pressing strip 21 to turn inwards, the exposed part of the steel nail is locked, then the bottom end contact block 3 of the slide rod 2 is abutted against the skin of a patient and is fixed through the two fixing belts 5, the fixed head and the rotating rod 6 are connected through the universal joint, so that the rotating rod 6 and the fixed head can form deflection at a certain angle, the rotating rod 6 can also drive the fixed head to rotate, when the nail is taken, a doctor repeatedly presses the first pressing bag 13, when pressure is applied to the first pressing bag 13, hydraulic oil in the first pressing bag 13 enters the first piston cylinder 9 through a hose to enable the first piston 10 to move towards the side close to the first gear 8 in the first piston cylinder 9 and compress the spring 12, further, the rack 11 arranged on one side of the first piston 10 is moved, the rack 11 is meshed with the gear 8, the gear 8 is arranged on the rotating rod 6 through the one-way bearing 7, the one-way bearing 7 is in a locked state at the moment, so that the rotating rod 6 is rotated to drive the steel nail to rotate through the matching of the rack 11 and the gear 8, when a doctor releases the first pressing bag 13, the first piston 10 resets to drive the rack 11 to reset, the one-way bearing 7 is in a movable state at the moment, the rack 11 resets to not drive the rotating rod 6 to rotate, in the process, the doctor only needs to press the first pressing bag 13 to drive the rotating rod 6 to rotate, the hand of the doctor does not touch the rotating rod 6 and is not in rigid contact with a positioning unit, the situation that the nail taking unit shakes to cause the fracture part to be damaged again when the hand of the doctor shakes is avoided, and the tension of the doctor in the nail taking process is reduced, when being directed at the patient that bone density is lower, doctor's one hand can be pressed repeatedly and press bag one 13 and make dwang 6 incessantly rotate, doctor's other hand can be pressed and press bag two 17 and make and press the inside hydraulic oil of bag two 17 and pass through inside hose entering piston cylinder two 14, make piston two 15 upwards remove in piston cylinder one 14 is inside, and then drive connecting rod 16 rebound, thereby produce certain pulling force to dwang 6 through connecting rod 16, the cooperation dwang takes out the steel nail, and to the patient with bone density is higher, the doctor only need press bag one 13 repeatedly, form the screw thread through on the bone and make the steel nail automatic shifting out.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof.
Claims (5)
1. The orthopedic nail taking device comprises a positioning unit and a nail taking unit, and is characterized in that the positioning unit comprises a top plate (1), slide bars (2) vertically arranged at two ends of the bottom of the top plate (1), a contact block (3) hinged to the bottom of each slide bar (2) and a movable plate (4) slidably arranged between the two slide bars (2), wherein a fixing band (5) is arranged on one side, opposite to the two contact blocks (3);
the nail taking unit comprises an external driving rotating component, an external pulling force applying component and a fixed head, the external driving rotating part comprises a rotating rod (6) arranged at the middle position of the moving plate (4) in a penetrating way, a gear (8) arranged at the top end of the rotating rod (6) through a one-way bearing (7), a piston cylinder I (9) arranged at the top of the moving plate (4) on one side of the gear (8), a piston I (10) arranged inside the piston cylinder I (9) in a sliding way and a rack (11) vertically arranged on one side, close to the gear (8), of the piston I (10), the rack (11) is meshed with the gear (8), a spring (12) is arranged between the first piston (10) and one end of the first piston cylinder (9) close to the gear (8), one end, far away from the rack (11), of the piston cylinder I (9) is connected with a pressing bag I (13) through a hose; the external tension applying component comprises a second piston cylinder (14) vertically arranged in the middle of the top plate (1), a second piston (15) slidably arranged in the second piston cylinder (14) and a connecting rod (16) vertically arranged at the bottom of the second piston (15), the bottom end of the connecting rod (16) is connected with the top end of the rotating rod (6) through a bearing, and one side of the bottom of the second piston cylinder (14) is connected with a second pressing bag (17) through a hose; dwang (6) below is located to the fixed head, and the fixed head passes through universal joint (25) with dwang (6) and is connected, the fixed head includes cylinder type fixed block (18), the bottom of cylinder type fixed block (18) sets up cylinder type recess (19), evenly set up the logical groove of bar (20) on the cylinder type fixed block (18) in the outside of cylinder type recess (19), the inside that the logical groove of bar (20) articulates has fan-shaped layering (21), the logical groove of bar (20) top cylinder type fixed block (18) outside threaded connection extrusion nut (22).
2. The nail-removing device for orthopaedics department according to the claim 1 is characterized in that: the bottom of the contact block (3) is provided with a rubber pad (23).
3. The orthopedic nail-removing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: and hydraulic oil is arranged in the pressing bag I (13) and the piston cylinder I (9) and in the pressing bag II (17) and the piston cylinder II (14).
4. The nail-removing device for orthopaedics department according to the claim 1 is characterized in that: one side of the fan-shaped pressing strip (21) close to the cylindrical groove (19) is uniformly provided with rubber bulges (24).
5. The nail-removing device for orthopaedics department according to the claim 1 is characterized in that: and a bearing is arranged between the outer side of the rotating rod (6) and the moving plate (4).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011095313.1A CN112494132B (en) | 2020-10-14 | 2020-10-14 | Nail taking device for orthopedics department |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011095313.1A CN112494132B (en) | 2020-10-14 | 2020-10-14 | Nail taking device for orthopedics department |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112494132A CN112494132A (en) | 2021-03-16 |
| CN112494132B true CN112494132B (en) | 2022-09-13 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011095313.1A Active CN112494132B (en) | 2020-10-14 | 2020-10-14 | Nail taking device for orthopedics department |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN112494132B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113133825B (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2022-11-22 | 西南医科大学附属医院 | Orthopedics nail taking device convenient to maintain |
| CN118058820B (en) * | 2024-04-19 | 2024-06-21 | 佳木斯市中心医院 | Special nail extractor for orthopaedics |
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| CN102151171A (en) * | 2011-03-15 | 2011-08-17 | 平阴县人民医院 | Broken-nail extractor for orthopedics and using method thereof |
| CN102579168A (en) * | 2012-03-20 | 2012-07-18 | 杭州马斯汀医疗器材有限公司 | Universal prosthetic femoral stem extractor |
| CN103892900A (en) * | 2014-04-16 | 2014-07-02 | 张英泽 | Three-dimensional positioner for sacroiliac joint screws |
| CN104622560A (en) * | 2013-11-13 | 2015-05-20 | 明立德 | Femoral neck fracture fixing and positioning device |
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| CN109998665A (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2019-07-12 | 李若东 | Bone nail withdrawing device after a kind of operation |
| CN110063782A (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2019-07-30 | 天津正天医疗器械有限公司 | A kind of medical treatment electric drill torque handle |
| CN111067613A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-04-28 | 岳攀 | Rotary femoral intramedullary needle extractor |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT358715B (en) * | 1978-09-04 | 1980-09-25 | Plansee Metallwerk | BUTCHING AND REJECTING DEVICE FOR BONE MARKING NAIL |
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2020
- 2020-10-14 CN CN202011095313.1A patent/CN112494132B/en active Active
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2269269A1 (en) * | 1998-04-21 | 1999-10-21 | Depuy Acromed, Inc. | Device removal kit and method therefor |
| WO2009052318A2 (en) * | 2007-10-16 | 2009-04-23 | Robinson James C | Bone screw retaining and removal system |
| CN102151171A (en) * | 2011-03-15 | 2011-08-17 | 平阴县人民医院 | Broken-nail extractor for orthopedics and using method thereof |
| CN102579168A (en) * | 2012-03-20 | 2012-07-18 | 杭州马斯汀医疗器材有限公司 | Universal prosthetic femoral stem extractor |
| CN104622560A (en) * | 2013-11-13 | 2015-05-20 | 明立德 | Femoral neck fracture fixing and positioning device |
| CN103892900A (en) * | 2014-04-16 | 2014-07-02 | 张英泽 | Three-dimensional positioner for sacroiliac joint screws |
| CN109907814A (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2019-06-21 | 蔡军 | A kind of bone surgery device for fetching nail |
| CN109998665A (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2019-07-12 | 李若东 | Bone nail withdrawing device after a kind of operation |
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| CN112494132A (en) | 2021-03-16 |
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