CN112491044B - Power prediction deviation compensation method and device and controller - Google Patents
Power prediction deviation compensation method and device and controller Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/004—Generation forecast, e.g. methods or systems for forecasting future energy generation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/10—Power transmission or distribution systems management focussing at grid-level, e.g. load flow analysis, node profile computation, meshed network optimisation, active network management or spinning reserve management
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
Abstract
The application provides a power prediction deviation compensation method, a device and a controller, which are used for obtaining assessment information corresponding to an area where a target new energy power station is located, wherein the assessment information comprises assessment time, and obtaining first real power corresponding to the target new energy power station at a first preset time before the assessment time; and under the condition that the power prediction time corresponding to the assessment time does not exist in the assessment information, calculating according to the first real power to obtain a prediction power interval meeting assessment standard information. Under the condition that the assessment information of the area where the target new energy power station is located does not include the information of the power prediction time, the scheme can determine the prediction power interval meeting assessment standard information, and when the actual power of the target new energy power station is judged to be deviated from the prediction power interval before the assessment time, the energy storage system is controlled to charge and discharge, so that the assessment standard reaching rate of the target new energy power station is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy power generation, and particularly relates to a power prediction deviation compensation method, a power prediction deviation compensation device and a power prediction deviation compensation controller.
Background
The new energy power stations (such as photovoltaic power stations, wind energy power stations and the like) have unstable power generation, impact can be caused on power grids, the stability of the power grids is influenced, and the influence is more serious as the installed capacity of the new energy power stations is more and more, so that the new energy power stations are provided with power prediction systems according to national power grid regulations, and the evaluation standards of power prediction deviation are issued. In the assessment process, the actual generated power of the new energy power station at the assessment time is compared with the reported predicted power at the moment, and the predicted power accuracy is obtained.
However, the power prediction system is affected by uncertainty factors such as real-time weather, which cause an excessive power prediction deviation of the power prediction system and directly affect the power generation efficiency of the new energy power station, and therefore, it is necessary to compensate for the deviation of the power prediction.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide a power prediction deviation compensation method, device and controller, so as to solve the technical problem that a new energy power station in an area without a power prediction time cannot compensate for a power prediction deviation, and the disclosed technical solution is as follows:
in a first aspect, the present application provides a power prediction deviation compensation method, where the new energy power station includes an energy storage system, and the method includes:
obtaining assessment information corresponding to a region where a target new energy power station is located, wherein the assessment information comprises assessment time and assessment standard information of the target new energy power station;
acquiring first real sending power corresponding to the target new energy power station at a first preset time before the assessment time;
when the power prediction time corresponding to the assessment time does not exist in the assessment standard information, calculating according to the first real power to obtain a prediction power interval meeting the assessment standard information;
acquiring second actual transmitting power of the target new energy power station corresponding to a second preset time before the assessment time, wherein the second preset time is later than the first preset time;
and when the second actual power and the predicted power interval have deviation, determining the charge and discharge power required by the energy storage system to compensate the deviation.
Optionally, the obtaining, according to the first real power calculation, a predicted power interval that satisfies the assessment criterion information includes:
extracting a power accuracy calculation mode and a target accuracy from the assessment standard information;
and increasing the predicted power from an initial value according to a specified power step length, and calculating the deviation between each predicted power and the first actual power one by one according to the power accuracy calculation mode to obtain each predicted power meeting the target accuracy, and obtaining the predicted power interval.
Optionally, the increasing the predicted power from an initial value according to a specified power step length, and calculating a deviation between each predicted power and the first actual power one by one according to the power accuracy calculation manner to obtain each predicted power meeting the target accuracy, so as to obtain the predicted power interval, includes:
substituting the initial values of the first actual power and the predicted power into the power accuracy calculation mode to calculate and obtain the accuracy corresponding to the predicted power;
when the accuracy is smaller than the target accuracy, increasing the predicted power by the specified power step length to obtain new predicted power;
substituting the new predicted power into the power accuracy calculation mode to calculate and obtain the accuracy corresponding to the new predicted power;
judging whether the accuracy corresponding to the new predicted power is greater than or equal to the target accuracy, if not, returning to execute the step of increasing the predicted power by the specified power step length to obtain new predicted power; if so, judging whether the new predicted power is larger than the installed capacity of the target new energy power station or not;
and if the new predicted power is smaller than the installed capacity, returning to execute the step of increasing the predicted power by the specified power step length to obtain new predicted power until the accuracy corresponding to the new predicted power is smaller than the target accuracy range, or the new predicted power is larger than or equal to the installed capacity to obtain the predicted power interval.
Optionally, the determining whether there is a deviation between the second actual power and the predicted power interval includes:
judging whether the second actual power is in the predicted power interval or not;
determining that there is a deviation between the second actual transmit power and the predicted power interval when the second actual transmit power is not within the predicted power interval;
determining that there is no deviation between the second actual power and the predicted power interval when the second actual power is within the predicted power interval.
Optionally, when there is a deviation in the predicted power, determining the charge and discharge power required by the energy storage system to compensate for the deviation includes:
calculating a predicted power average value of the predicted power interval;
calculating a difference between the second real power and the predicted power average;
when the difference value is larger than zero, determining the charging power of the energy storage system as the difference value;
and when the difference value is less than zero, determining the discharge power of the energy storage system as the difference value.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
acquiring a third actual power of the target new energy power station at a third preset time before the assessment time, wherein the third preset time is earlier than the second preset time and later than the first preset time;
when the third actual power and the predicted power interval have deviation, judging whether the charge state of the energy storage system meets the charge and discharge conditions;
when the charge state of the energy storage system meets the charge and discharge conditions, controlling the charge and discharge process of the energy storage system according to the deviation between the second actual power and the predicted power interval;
and when the charge state does not meet the charge and discharge conditions, controlling the energy storage system to charge and discharge so that the energy storage system meets the charge and discharge conditions before the second preset moment.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
when the power prediction time corresponding to the assessment time exists in the assessment standard information, the assessment prediction power of the target new energy power station, which is obtained by prediction at the power prediction time, is obtained;
acquiring fourth actual power corresponding to the target new energy power station at a second prediction time before the assessment time;
and when the fourth actual power and the assessment predicted power have deviation, determining the charge and discharge power required by the energy storage system to compensate the deviation.
Optionally, when there is a deviation between the fourth actual power and the assessed and predicted power, determining the charge and discharge power required by the energy storage system to compensate for the deviation includes:
calculating a difference between the fourth real power and the qualification prediction power;
when the difference value is larger than zero, determining the charging power of the energy storage system as the difference value;
and when the difference value is less than zero, determining the discharge power of the energy storage system as the difference value.
Optionally, after the obtaining of the assessment predicted power of the target new energy power station predicted at the power prediction time, the method further includes:
when the first actual power and the checking and predicting power have deviation, judging whether the charge state of the energy storage system meets the charge and discharge conditions;
when the charge state of the energy storage system meets the charge and discharge conditions, controlling the charge and discharge process of the energy storage system according to the deviation between the fourth actual power and the examination and prediction power;
and when the charge state does not meet the charge and discharge conditions, controlling the energy storage system to charge and discharge so that the energy storage system meets the charge and discharge conditions before the second preset moment.
In a second aspect, the present application further provides a power prediction deviation compensation apparatus, where the new energy power station includes an energy storage system, and the apparatus includes:
the assessment information acquisition module is used for acquiring assessment information corresponding to the region where the target new energy power station is located, and the assessment information comprises assessment time and assessment standard information of the target new energy power station;
the first real transmitting power acquisition module is used for acquiring first real transmitting power corresponding to the target new energy power station at a first preset time before the assessment time;
the predicted power interval obtaining module is used for obtaining a predicted power interval meeting the assessment standard information according to the first real power calculation when the assessment standard information does not have a power predicted time corresponding to the assessment time;
the second real transmitting power acquisition module is used for acquiring second real transmitting power of the target new energy power station corresponding to a second preset time before the assessment time, wherein the second preset time is later than the first preset time;
and the first compensation power determining module is used for determining the charge and discharge power required by the energy storage system to compensate the deviation when the second actual power and the predicted power interval have the deviation.
Optionally, the predicted power interval obtaining module includes:
the prediction accuracy information acquisition submodule is used for extracting a power accuracy calculation mode and a target accuracy from the assessment standard information;
and the predicted power interval determining submodule is used for increasing the predicted power from an initial value according to a specified power step length, calculating the deviation between each predicted power and the first actual power one by one according to the power accuracy rate calculating mode, obtaining each predicted power meeting the target accuracy rate, and obtaining the predicted power interval.
Optionally, the predicted power interval determining submodule is specifically configured to:
substituting the initial values of the first actual power and the predicted power into the power accuracy calculation mode to calculate and obtain the accuracy corresponding to the predicted power;
when the accuracy is smaller than the target accuracy, increasing the predicted power by the specified power step length to obtain new predicted power;
substituting the new predicted power into the power accuracy calculation mode, and calculating to obtain the accuracy corresponding to the new predicted power;
judging whether the accuracy corresponding to the new predicted power is greater than or equal to the target accuracy, if not, returning to execute the step of increasing the predicted power by the specified power step length to obtain new predicted power; if so, judging whether the new predicted power is larger than the installed capacity of the target new energy power station or not;
and if the new predicted power is smaller than the installed capacity, returning to execute the step of increasing the predicted power by the specified power step length to obtain new predicted power until the accuracy corresponding to the new predicted power is smaller than the target accuracy range, or the new predicted power is larger than or equal to the installed capacity to obtain the predicted power interval.
In a third aspect, the present application further provides a controller comprising a memory and a processor;
the memory has stored therein program instructions that are invoked by the processor to perform the power prediction bias compensation method of any of the first aspects.
According to the power prediction deviation compensation method, assessment information corresponding to the region where the target new energy power station is located is obtained, the assessment information comprises assessment time, and real power, namely first real power, corresponding to first preset time before the assessment time of the target new energy power station is obtained; and under the condition that the power prediction time corresponding to the assessment time does not exist in the assessment information, calculating to obtain a prediction power interval meeting assessment standard information according to the first real power. Under the condition that the assessment information of the area where the target new energy power station is located does not include the information of the power prediction time, the scheme can determine the prediction power interval meeting assessment standard information, judge whether the actual power of the target new energy power station is deviated from the prediction power interval before the assessment time is reached, and control the energy storage system to charge and discharge if the actual power of the target new energy power station is deviated from the prediction power interval, so that the output power of the target new energy power station at the assessment time is matched with the reported prediction power, and the assessment standard reaching rate of the target new energy power station is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a system architecture topology diagram of a power prediction deviation compensation system according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a power prediction bias compensation method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a process of determining whether there is a deviation between the second actual power and the predicted power interval according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of another power prediction bias compensation method provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of another power prediction bias compensation method provided by an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a power prediction deviation compensation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a predicted power interval obtaining module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another power prediction deviation compensation apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another power prediction deviation compensation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Before describing the power prediction bias compensation scheme provided by the present application in detail, a lower power prediction bias compensation system will be described.
Referring to fig. 1, a system architecture topology of a power prediction deviation compensation system provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown, and as shown in fig. 1, the system includes a power prediction system 1, a central controller 2, a new energy power generation system 3, and an energy storage system 4.
The power prediction system 1 predicts the power of the new energy power generation system 3 in a future ultra-short period (for example, in the future of 4 hours), and transmits the obtained ultra-short period predicted power to the central controller 2 through the safety communication device 5.
The secure communication device 5 includes an isolation device, a firewall, and the like, and the communication modes supported by the power prediction system 1 include, but are not limited to, a 102 protocol, a 104 protocol, an FTP file, and the like.
The new energy power generation system 3 transmits actual power to the central controller 2 through the switch 6, and the communication mode can include a Modbus-TCP protocol.
The central controller 2 is a control core of the system, calculates power required for charging and discharging of the energy storage system 4 according to the predicted power and the actual power, and sends charging and discharging power to the energy storage system 4 through the switch, and the communication mode can be a Modbus-TCP protocol. Through the compensation of the energy storage system, the compensated output power is matched with the predicted power, namely, the new energy power station meets the assessment standard at the assessment time.
The power prediction deviation compensation method, which is applied to the central controller, will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 2, a flowchart of a power prediction deviation compensation method provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown, where the method is applied to a central controller, and as shown in fig. 2, the method may include the following steps:
and S110, obtaining assessment information corresponding to the region where the target new energy power station is located.
The assessment information is related information which is formulated by the assessment party and used for assessing the assessed party, the assessment party issues the assessment information to the assessed party, and the assessed party writes the assessment information into the central controller.
In an application scenario, the assessment information comprises assessment time and assessment standard information of the target energy power station; the assessment time refers to the time when an assessment party (such as a national network) performs power prediction assessment on the new energy power station in the area, for example, 15.
The assessment standard information comprises a judgment standard for assessing real power of the new energy power station at the assessment time, and for example, the assessment standard information comprises a calculation mode and an accuracy standard of assessment accuracy.
S120, acquiring a first actual power corresponding to the target new energy power station at a first preset time before the assessment time.
The first preset time can be set according to actual conditions, and for example, can be 15min before the assessment time.
The first real power is sent to the central controller by the new energy power generation system through the exchanger.
And S130, when the power prediction time corresponding to the assessment time does not exist in the assessment standard information, calculating according to the first real power to obtain a prediction power interval meeting the assessment standard information.
The power prediction time refers to that an assessment party performs power prediction assessment by using the predicted power of the new energy power station at the assessment time reported at the power prediction time as a standard.
For example, the assessment party requires that the new energy power station in a certain area performs one prediction on the output power at the assessment time every 15min within a preset time (e.g., 4 hours) before the assessment time, and 16 prediction powers corresponding to the assessment time are obtained in total.
In one application scenario, the examining party specifies which predicted power of the predicted time is used as a standard in the examination standard information, for example, the examination time is 15.
In another application scenario, the assessment party does not explicitly specify the power prediction time in the assessment standard information, and in the application scenario, relevant information of the power accuracy, such as a power accuracy calculation mode and a target accuracy, can be obtained from the assessment standard information.
In one embodiment of the present application, the process of determining the predicted power interval is as follows:
extracting a power accuracy calculation mode and a target accuracy from the assessment standard information; and increasing the predicted power from an initial value according to a specified power step length, and calculating the deviation between each predicted power and the first actual power one by one according to a power accuracy calculation mode to obtain each predicted power meeting the target accuracy, and obtaining a predicted power interval.
The initial value of the predicted power may be set to 0, or may be set according to the obtained first actual transmission power and the target accuracy.
The power accuracy calculation mode issued by the assessment party comprises actual output power and predicted power of the power station, the first actual output power is the actual output power, the predicted power is increased from an initial value according to a specified power step length, accuracy corresponding to each predicted power value is calculated one by one, and finally a set of predicted power values with accuracy greater than or equal to a target accuracy, namely a predicted power interval, can be determined.
And S140, acquiring a second actual power of the target new energy power station corresponding to a second preset time before the assessment time.
The second preset time is later than the first preset time, and the second preset time can be set according to actual conditions, for example, the time 10s to 20s before the examination time. And the central controller judges whether the output of the energy storage system is needed to compensate the output power of the power generation system at a second preset time before the checking time.
Since the generated power of the new energy power generation system does not change drastically in a very short time (e.g., in the order of minutes or seconds), the real power at the second preset time before the assessment time can be considered to be equal to the real power at the assessment time.
Theoretically, the closer the second preset time is to the assessment time, the closer the real power at the second preset time is to the real power at the assessment time. However, although the time required by these links is short, usually in the order of milliseconds or microseconds, the time is not negligible, and therefore, a second preset time needs to be set according to the actual condition of the system.
And S150, when the second actual power and the predicted power interval have deviation, determining the charging and discharging power required by the energy storage system to compensate the deviation.
And judging whether the second actual power of the power generation system deviates from the predicted power interval, and if so, further determining the charge and discharge power of the energy storage system.
In an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 3, the determining whether there is a deviation between the second actual power and the predicted power interval includes:
s151, judging whether the second actual transmitting power is in the predicted power interval; if so, go to S152; if not, S153 is performed.
And S152, determining that the second actual power and the predicted power interval have deviation.
And S153, determining that no deviation exists between the second actual transmitting power and the predicted power interval.
In another embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 3, after the step S152, the process of determining the charging and discharging power required by the energy storage system to compensate the deviation may include:
and S154, calculating the predicted power average value of the predicted power interval.
And when the second actual power is not in the predicted power interval, calculating the average value of the predicted power interval and calculating the deviation between the second actual power and the predicted power.
In one embodiment of the present application, the average value of the lower limit value and the upper limit value of the predicted power interval can be directly calculated as the average value of the interval, for example, the predicted power interval is [ P [ ] a ，P b ]Then according to (P) a +P b ) The average value of the interval is calculated.
In other embodiments of the present application, since the power values within the predicted power interval are discrete values, the average value of each discrete value may also be calculated one by one as the average value of the interval.
And S155, calculating the difference value between the second actual power and the predicted power average value.
And S156, when the difference value is larger than zero, determining that the energy storage system needs to be charged, wherein the charging power is the difference value.
And S157, when the difference value is less than zero, determining that the energy storage system needs to discharge, wherein the discharge power is the difference value.
P Energy storage ＝P Real hair -P Prediction If P is Energy storage If the actual power is greater than the predicted power, the actual power at the assessment time is larger than the predicted power, and therefore the energy storage system is required to absorb redundant power, namely the energy storage system is charged and the charging power is the difference value; if P is Energy storage If the actual power is less than the predicted power, the actual power at the assessment time is smaller than the predicted power, so that the energy storage system needs to discharge, and the discharge power is the difference.
According to the power prediction deviation compensation method, assessment information corresponding to the region where the target new energy power station is located is obtained, the assessment information comprises assessment time, and real power, namely first real power, corresponding to first preset time before the assessment time of the target new energy power station is obtained; and under the condition that the power prediction time corresponding to the assessment time does not exist in the assessment information, calculating according to the first real power to obtain a prediction power interval meeting assessment standard information. According to the scheme, the predicted power interval meeting the assessment standard information can be determined, whether the actual power of the target new energy power station is deviated from the predicted power interval is judged before the assessment time is reached, if the actual power of the target new energy power station is deviated from the predicted power interval, the energy storage system is controlled to charge and discharge, the output power of the target new energy power station at the assessment time is matched with the reported predicted power, and the assessment standard reaching rate of the target new energy power station is improved.
In another embodiment of the present application, the energy storage component in the energy storage system is usually an energy storage battery, and therefore, under the condition that the energy storage system needs to perform compensation, in order to avoid that the energy storage system cannot satisfy the power required by compensation, whether the energy storage system satisfies the charge and discharge condition can be determined in advance, and when the charge and discharge condition is not satisfied, the charge and discharge processing is performed in advance, so that the compensation success rate of power prediction deviation compensation is improved.
As shown in fig. 4, after step S120 or S130 in fig. 2, the power prediction deviation compensation method provided in this embodiment may further include the following steps:
s210, acquiring third actual power corresponding to the target new energy power station at a third preset time before the assessment time.
The third preset time is earlier than the second preset time and later than the first preset time, and the third preset time can be set by comprehensively considering the actual conditions of the power generation system and the energy storage system, for example, the third preset time can be 60s before the assessment time or 10min before the assessment time.
S220, when the third actual power and the predicted power interval have deviation, judging whether the charge state of the energy storage system meets the charge and discharge conditions; if so, directly executing S140; if not, S240 is executed and then S140 is executed.
When the difference value between the third actual power and the power average value of the prediction power interval is larger than zero, the energy storage system is required to be charged, and the difference value isIn one case, it is determined whether the SOC (State of Charge) of the energy storage system is less than the energy storage charging boundary coefficient SOC Max If SOC is more than or equal to SOC max And considering that the energy storage system does not meet the charging condition, otherwise, the energy storage system meets the charging condition.
When the difference value between the third actual power and the power average value of the prediction power interval is smaller than zero, the energy storage system is required to discharge, and under the condition, whether the SOC of the energy storage system is larger than the discharge boundary coefficient SOC is judged Min If SOC < SOC Min And considering that the energy storage system does not meet the discharging condition, otherwise, the energy storage system meets the discharging condition.
And when the energy storage system meets the charge-discharge condition required by the power prediction deviation compensation, controlling the energy storage system to charge or discharge according to the deviation between the actual power and the predicted power interval of the power generation system at a second preset time before the assessment time so as to compensate the power prediction deviation.
And S230, controlling the energy storage system to charge/discharge so that the energy storage system meets the charge/discharge condition before the second preset time.
And when the energy storage system does not meet the charge-discharge condition of the power prediction deviation compensation, performing charge/discharge treatment on the energy storage system in advance at a third preset time before the assessment time so that the energy storage system meets the compensation before the second preset time, and then executing S140.
In other embodiments of the present application, the third preset time may also be any other time earlier than the second preset time and later than the first preset time, which is not limited in this application.
According to the power prediction deviation compensation method provided by the embodiment, under the condition that the deviation between the predicted power and the actual power needs to be compensated by the charging and discharging of the energy storage system in the primary judgment, whether the nuclear power state of the energy storage system meets the charging and discharging conditions or not is judged in advance, if not, the energy storage system is controlled in advance to perform charging and discharging treatment, and the success rate of power prediction deviation compensation is improved.
In another application scenario, the assessment information includes an assessment time and a corresponding power prediction time, for example, the assessment time is 15.
In this application scenario, as shown in fig. 5, the following steps may be further included on the basis of the embodiment shown in fig. 3:
s310, when the power prediction time corresponding to the assessment time exists in the assessment standard information, the assessment prediction power of the target new energy power station obtained through prediction at the power prediction time is obtained.
Under the condition that the assessment information issued by the assessment party comprises power prediction time, extracting the power prediction time from the assessment information, and acquiring the predicted power predicted by the power prediction system at the power prediction time as the standard of power prediction deviation assessment, wherein the standard can be called assessment predicted power.
In an embodiment of the present application, the step may be performed at a first preset time before the examination time, or may be performed at any other time after the first preset time and before the second preset time, which is not described herein again.
And S320, acquiring fourth actual power of the target new energy power station corresponding to the second prediction time before the assessment time.
Here, the second preset time is the same as the second preset time in S140 in terms of meaning and value, and is not described here again.
S330, when the fourth actual power and the check predicted power have deviation, determining the charging and discharging power required by the energy storage system to compensate the deviation.
In one embodiment of the application, a difference value between the actual power (namely, the fourth actual power) of the power generation system at the second preset time and the assessment predicted power predicted at the power prediction time is calculated, and if the difference value is greater than zero, the actual power is greater than the predicted power, so that the energy storage system is required to absorb redundant power; if the difference value is smaller than zero, the actual power is smaller than the predicted power, and the energy storage system is required to discharge and supplement the predicted power.
In another embodiment of the present application, in a case that the energy storage system is required to compensate the power prediction deviation, in order to ensure that the state of charge of the energy storage system satisfies the corresponding charge and discharge conditions, it is determined in advance whether the energy storage system satisfies the charge and discharge conditions, as shown in fig. 5, before S320, the method for compensating the power prediction deviation may further include:
s340, judging whether the charge state of the energy storage system meets the charge and discharge conditions or not when the first actual power and the check predicted power have deviation; if so, directly executing S320; if not, S320 is performed after S350 is performed.
The step is the same as the implementation process of S220, and under the condition that the energy storage system needs to be charged, if the SOC of the energy storage system is more than or equal to the SOC max And considering that the energy storage system does not meet the charging condition, otherwise, considering that the energy storage system meets the charging condition.
Under the condition that the energy storage system needs to be discharged, if the SOC of the energy storage system is larger than the discharging boundary coefficient SOC or not Min If SOC < SOC Min And considering that the energy storage system does not meet the discharging condition, otherwise, considering that the energy storage system meets the discharging condition.
And if the energy storage system meets the charging and discharging conditions, controlling the energy storage system to charge/discharge according to the deviation between the fourth actual power and the check predicted power, which is obtained at the second preset moment, so as to realize power prediction deviation compensation.
And S350, controlling the energy storage system to charge and discharge so that the energy storage system meets the charge and discharge condition before the second preset moment.
And if the energy storage system does not meet the charging condition, controlling the energy storage system to charge/discharge at any time after the first preset time and before the second preset time. For example, energy storage system charging is required, but the SOC > SOC of the energy storage system max Controlling the energy storage system to discharge in advance; if the energy storage system is required to discharge, but the SOC of the energy storage system is less than SOC Min And controlling the energy storage system to charge in advance.
According to the power prediction deviation compensation method provided by the embodiment, when the actual power at the second preset time before the assessment time has deviation from the assessment predicted power obtained by predicting the power prediction time, the actual power of the power generation system is compensated by using the energy storage system, so that the output power of the new energy power station is matched with the assessment predicted power, and the assessment standard reaching rate of the power station is improved. And the scheme judges whether the nuclear power state of the energy storage system meets the charging and discharging conditions in advance, and if not, the energy storage system is controlled in advance to perform charging and discharging treatment, so that the success rate of power prediction deviation compensation is improved.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the present application provides an embodiment of a power prediction deviation compensation apparatus.
Referring to fig. 6, a schematic structural diagram of a power prediction deviation compensation apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown, where the apparatus is applied to a central controller, and as shown in fig. 6, the apparatus includes:
the assessment information acquisition module 110 is configured to acquire assessment information corresponding to an area where the target new energy power station is located.
The assessment information comprises assessment time and assessment standard information of the target energy power station.
The first actual transmitting power obtaining module 120 is configured to obtain a first actual transmitting power, corresponding to the target new energy power station, at a first preset time before the assessment time.
The predicted power interval obtaining module 130 is configured to, when the power prediction time corresponding to the assessment time does not exist in the assessment standard information, calculate, according to the first real power, to obtain a predicted power interval that meets the assessment standard information.
In an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 7, the predicted power interval obtaining module 130 includes:
and the prediction accuracy information acquisition submodule 131 is used for extracting a power accuracy calculation mode and a target accuracy from the assessment standard information.
The predicted power interval determining submodule 132 is configured to increase the predicted power from an initial value according to a specified power step length, and calculate the deviation between each predicted power and the first actual power one by one according to the power accuracy calculation mode, to obtain each predicted power that meets the target accuracy, and to obtain the predicted power interval.
In an embodiment of the present application, the predicted power interval determination submodule 132 is specifically configured to:
substituting the initial values of the first actual power and the predicted power into the power accuracy calculation mode to calculate and obtain the accuracy corresponding to the predicted power;
when the accuracy is smaller than the target accuracy, increasing the predicted power by the specified power step length to obtain new predicted power;
substituting the new predicted power into the power accuracy calculation mode, and calculating to obtain the accuracy corresponding to the new predicted power;
judging whether the accuracy corresponding to the new predicted power is greater than or equal to the target accuracy, if not, returning to execute the step of increasing the predicted power by the specified power step length to obtain new predicted power; if so, judging whether the new predicted power is larger than the installed capacity of the target new energy power station or not;
and if the new predicted power is smaller than the installed capacity, returning to execute the step of increasing the predicted power by the specified power step length to obtain new predicted power until the accuracy corresponding to the new predicted power is smaller than the target accuracy range, or the new predicted power is larger than or equal to the installed capacity to obtain the predicted power interval.
And the second actual transmitting power acquiring module 140 is configured to acquire a second actual transmitting power, corresponding to the target new energy power station, at a second preset time before the assessment time.
And the second preset time is later than the first preset time.
The first compensation power determining module 150 is configured to determine, when the second actual power deviates from the predicted power interval, a charging and discharging power required by the energy storage system to compensate for the deviation.
In an embodiment of the application, the determining whether there is a deviation between the second actual power and the predicted power interval includes:
judging whether the second actual power is in the predicted power interval or not;
determining that there is a deviation between the second actual transmit power and the predicted power interval when the second actual transmit power is not within the predicted power interval;
determining that there is no deviation between the second actual power and the predicted power interval when the second actual power is within the predicted power interval.
In another embodiment of the present application, when there is a deviation in the predicted power, determining the charge and discharge power required by the energy storage system to compensate for the deviation includes:
calculating a predicted power average value of the predicted power interval;
calculating a difference between the second actual power and the predicted power average;
when the difference value is larger than zero, determining the charging power of the energy storage system as the difference value;
and when the difference value is less than zero, determining the discharge power of the energy storage system as the difference value.
The power prediction deviation compensation method provided by the embodiment obtains assessment information corresponding to an area where a target new energy power station is located, wherein the assessment information includes assessment time, and obtains actual power, namely first actual power, of the target new energy power station corresponding to first preset time before the assessment time; and under the condition that the power prediction time corresponding to the assessment time does not exist in the assessment information, calculating to obtain a prediction power interval meeting assessment standard information according to the first real power. According to the scheme, the predicted power interval meeting the assessment standard information can be determined, whether the actual power of the target new energy power station is deviated from the predicted power interval is judged before the assessment time is reached, if the actual power of the target new energy power station is deviated from the predicted power interval, the energy storage system is controlled to charge and discharge, the output power of the target new energy power station at the assessment time is matched with the reported predicted power, and the assessment standard reaching rate of the target new energy power station is improved.
Referring to fig. 8, a schematic structural diagram of another power prediction deviation compensation apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown, where the apparatus further includes, on the basis of the embodiment shown in fig. 6:
a third actual transmission power obtaining module 210, configured to obtain a third actual transmission power of the target new energy power station at a third preset time before the assessment time, where the third preset time is earlier than the second preset time and later than the first preset time;
the first charge state judgment module 220 is configured to judge whether the charge state of the energy storage system meets a charge-discharge condition when the third actual power is deviated from the predicted power interval; when the charge state of the energy storage system meets the charge and discharge conditions, controlling the charge and discharge process of the energy storage system according to the deviation between the second actual power and the predicted power interval;
the first charge and discharge preprocessing module 230 is configured to control the energy storage system to perform charge and discharge when the state of charge does not satisfy the charge and discharge condition, so that the energy storage system satisfies the charge and discharge condition before the second preset time.
According to the power prediction deviation compensation device provided by the embodiment, under the condition that the deviation between the predicted power and the actual power is compensated by the charging and discharging of the energy storage system in the primary judgment, whether the nuclear power state of the energy storage system meets the charging and discharging condition is judged in advance, if not, the energy storage system is controlled in advance to perform the charging and discharging treatment, and the success rate of the power prediction deviation compensation is improved.
Referring to fig. 9, a schematic structural diagram of another power prediction deviation compensation apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown, where the apparatus further includes:
the assessment prediction power obtaining module 310 is configured to, when the assessment standard information includes a power prediction time corresponding to the assessment time, obtain the assessment prediction power of the target new energy power station predicted at the power prediction time.
A fourth actual transmitting power obtaining module 320, configured to obtain, at a second prediction time before the assessment time, a fourth actual transmitting power corresponding to the target new energy power station;
a second compensation power determining module 330, configured to determine, when there is a deviation between the fourth actual power and the assessment predicted power, a charge and discharge power required by the energy storage system to compensate for the deviation.
In an embodiment of the present application, the second compensation power determining module 330 is specifically configured to:
calculating a difference between the fourth real power and the assessment predicted power;
when the difference value is larger than zero, determining the charging power of the energy storage system as the difference value;
and when the difference value is less than zero, determining the discharge power of the energy storage system as the difference value.
In another embodiment of the present application, the apparatus as shown in fig. 9 further comprises:
the second state of charge judging module 340 is configured to judge whether the state of charge of the energy storage system meets the charge and discharge conditions when the first actual power and the examination prediction power have a deviation; and when the charge state of the energy storage system meets the charge and discharge conditions, controlling the charge and discharge process of the energy storage system according to the deviation between the fourth actual power and the examination and prediction power.
And a second charge and discharge preprocessing module 350, configured to control the energy storage system to perform charge and discharge when the state of charge does not satisfy the charge and discharge condition, so that the energy storage system satisfies the charge and discharge condition before the second preset time.
According to the power prediction deviation compensation device provided by the embodiment, when the actual power at the second preset time before the assessment time has a deviation from the assessment predicted power predicted at the power prediction time, the actual power of the power generation system is compensated by using the energy storage system, so that the output power of the new energy power station is matched with the assessment predicted power, and the assessment standard reaching rate of the power station is improved. And the scheme judges whether the nuclear power state of the energy storage system meets the charging and discharging conditions in advance, and if not, the energy storage system is controlled in advance to perform charging and discharging treatment, so that the success rate of power prediction deviation compensation is improved.
In yet another aspect, the present application provides a controller comprising a processor and a memory having stored therein a program executable on the processor. The processor, when executing the program stored in the memory, implements any of the power prediction bias compensation method embodiments described above.
The present application further provides a storage medium executable by a computing device, where the storage medium stores a program, and the program when executed by the computing device implements any one of the above-mentioned embodiments of the power prediction deviation compensation method.
While, for purposes of simplicity of explanation, the foregoing method embodiments have been described as a series of acts or combination of acts, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited by the illustrated ordering of acts, as some steps may occur in other orders or concurrently with other steps in accordance with the invention. Further, those skilled in the art should also appreciate that the embodiments described in the specification are preferred embodiments and that the acts and modules referred to are not necessarily required by the invention.
It should be noted that technical features described in the embodiments in the present specification may be replaced or combined with each other, each embodiment is mainly described as a difference from the other embodiments, and the same and similar parts between the embodiments may be referred to each other. For the device-like embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment for relevant points.
The steps in the method of each embodiment of the present application may be sequentially adjusted, combined, and deleted according to actual needs.
The device and the modules and sub-modules in the terminal in the embodiments of the present application can be combined, divided and deleted according to actual needs.
In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed terminal, apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners. For example, the above-described terminal embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of a module or a sub-module is only one logical division, and there may be other divisions when the terminal is actually implemented, for example, a plurality of sub-modules or modules may be combined or integrated into another module, or some features may be omitted or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or modules, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
The modules or sub-modules described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts that are modules or sub-modules may or may not be physical modules or sub-modules, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network modules or sub-modules. Some or all of the modules or sub-modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment.
In addition, functional modules or sub-modules in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing module, or each module or sub-module may exist alone physically, or two or more modules or sub-modules are integrated into one module. The integrated modules or sub-modules may be implemented in the form of hardware, or may be implemented in the form of software functional modules or sub-modules.
Finally, it should also be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a … …" does not exclude the presence of another identical element in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. A power prediction bias compensation method is applied to a new energy power station, the new energy power station comprises an energy storage system, and the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring assessment information corresponding to a region where a target new energy power station is located, wherein the assessment information comprises assessment time and assessment standard information of the target new energy power station;
acquiring first real sending power corresponding to the target new energy power station at a first preset time before the assessment time;
when the power prediction time corresponding to the assessment time does not exist in the assessment standard information, a prediction power interval meeting the assessment standard information is obtained through calculation according to the first real power;
acquiring second actual transmitting power of the target new energy power station corresponding to a second preset time before the assessment time, wherein the second preset time is later than the first preset time;
and when the second actual power and the predicted power interval have deviation, determining the charge and discharge power required by the energy storage system to compensate the deviation.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the calculating a predicted power interval satisfying the qualification criterion information according to the first real power comprises:
extracting a power accuracy calculation mode and a target accuracy from the assessment standard information;
and increasing the predicted power from an initial value according to a specified power step length, and calculating the deviation between each predicted power and the first actual power one by one according to the power accuracy calculation mode to obtain each predicted power meeting the target accuracy, and obtaining the predicted power interval.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the increasing the predicted power from an initial value according to a specified power step size, and calculating the deviation between each predicted power and the first actual power one by one according to the power accuracy calculation manner to obtain each predicted power meeting the target accuracy, and obtaining the predicted power interval comprises:
substituting the initial values of the first actual power and the predicted power into the power accuracy calculation mode to calculate and obtain the accuracy corresponding to the predicted power;
when the accuracy is smaller than the target accuracy, increasing the predicted power by the specified power step length to obtain new predicted power;
substituting the new predicted power into the power accuracy calculation mode, and calculating to obtain the accuracy corresponding to the new predicted power;
judging whether the accuracy corresponding to the new predicted power is greater than or equal to the target accuracy, if not, returning to execute the step of increasing the predicted power by the specified power step length to obtain new predicted power; if so, judging whether the new predicted power is larger than the installed capacity of the target new energy power station or not;
and if the new predicted power is smaller than the installed capacity, returning to execute the step of increasing the predicted power by the specified power step length to obtain new predicted power until the accuracy corresponding to the new predicted power is smaller than the target accuracy range, or the new predicted power is larger than or equal to the installed capacity to obtain the predicted power interval.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein determining whether there is a deviation between the second actual power and the predicted power interval comprises:
judging whether the second actual power is in the predicted power interval or not;
determining that there is a deviation between the second actual transmit power and the predicted power interval when the second actual transmit power is not within the predicted power interval;
determining that there is no deviation between the second actual power and the predicted power interval when the second actual power is within the predicted power interval.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein when there is a deviation in the predicted power, determining the charge and discharge power required by the energy storage system to compensate for the deviation comprises:
calculating a predicted power average value of the predicted power interval;
calculating a difference between the second real power and the predicted power average;
when the difference value is larger than zero, determining the charging power of the energy storage system as the difference value;
and when the difference value is less than zero, determining the discharge power of the energy storage system as the difference value.
6. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
acquiring a third actual power of the target new energy power station at a third preset time before the assessment time, wherein the third preset time is earlier than the second preset time and later than the first preset time;
when the third actual power and the predicted power interval have deviation, judging whether the charge state of the energy storage system meets the charge and discharge conditions;
when the charge state of the energy storage system meets the charge and discharge conditions, controlling the charge and discharge process of the energy storage system according to the deviation between the second actual power and the predicted power interval;
and when the charge state does not meet the charge and discharge conditions, controlling the energy storage system to charge and discharge so that the energy storage system meets the charge and discharge conditions before the second preset moment.
7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
when the power prediction time corresponding to the assessment time exists in the assessment standard information, the assessment prediction power of the target new energy power station, which is obtained by prediction at the power prediction time, is obtained;
at a second prediction time before the assessment time, acquiring fourth actual power corresponding to the target new energy power station;
and when the fourth actual power and the assessment predicted power have deviation, determining the charge and discharge power required by the energy storage system to compensate the deviation.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein when there is a deviation between the fourth actual power and the qualified predicted power, determining the charge-discharge power required by the energy storage system to compensate for the deviation comprises:
calculating a difference between the fourth real power and the qualification prediction power;
when the difference value is larger than zero, determining the charging power of the energy storage system as the difference value;
and when the difference value is less than zero, determining the discharge power of the energy storage system as the difference value.
9. The method according to claim 7, wherein after the obtaining of the qualified predicted power of the target new energy plant predicted at the power prediction time, the method further comprises:
when the first actual power and the checking and predicting power have deviation, judging whether the charge state of the energy storage system meets the charge and discharge conditions;
when the charge state of the energy storage system meets the charge and discharge conditions, controlling the charge and discharge process of the energy storage system according to the deviation between the fourth actual power and the assessment predicted power;
and when the charge state does not meet the charge and discharge conditions, controlling the energy storage system to charge and discharge so that the energy storage system meets the charge and discharge conditions before the second preset moment.
10. A power prediction deviation compensation device, applied to a new energy power station, the new energy power station comprising an energy storage system, the device comprising:
the assessment information acquisition module is used for acquiring assessment information corresponding to the region where the target new energy power station is located, and the assessment information comprises assessment time and assessment standard information of the target new energy power station;
the first real power acquisition module is used for acquiring first real power corresponding to the target new energy power station at a first preset time before the assessment time;
the predicted power interval obtaining module is used for obtaining a predicted power interval meeting the assessment standard information according to the first real power calculation when the assessment standard information does not have a power predicted time corresponding to the assessment time;
the second real transmitting power acquisition module is used for acquiring second real transmitting power of the target new energy power station corresponding to a second preset time before the assessment time, wherein the second preset time is later than the first preset time;
and the first compensation power determining module is used for determining the charge and discharge power required by the energy storage system to compensate the deviation when the second actual power and the predicted power interval have the deviation.
11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the predicted power interval obtaining module comprises:
the prediction accuracy information acquisition submodule is used for extracting a power accuracy calculation mode and a target accuracy from the assessment standard information;
and the predicted power interval determining submodule is used for increasing the predicted power from an initial value according to a specified power step length, calculating the deviation between each predicted power and the first actual power one by one according to the power accuracy calculation mode, obtaining each predicted power meeting the target accuracy, and obtaining the predicted power interval.
12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the predicted power interval determination submodule is specifically configured to:
substituting the initial values of the first actual power and the predicted power into the power accuracy calculation mode to calculate and obtain the accuracy corresponding to the predicted power;
when the accuracy is smaller than the target accuracy, increasing the predicted power by the specified power step length to obtain new predicted power;
substituting the new predicted power into the power accuracy calculation mode, and calculating to obtain the accuracy corresponding to the new predicted power;
judging whether the accuracy corresponding to the new predicted power is greater than or equal to the target accuracy, if not, returning to execute the step of increasing the predicted power by the specified power step length to obtain new predicted power; if so, judging whether the new predicted power is larger than the installed capacity of the target new energy power station or not;
and if the new predicted power is smaller than the installed capacity, returning to execute the step of increasing the predicted power by the specified power step length to obtain new predicted power until the accuracy corresponding to the new predicted power is smaller than the target accuracy range, or the new predicted power is larger than or equal to the installed capacity to obtain the predicted power interval.
13. A controller comprising a memory and a processor;
the memory has stored therein program instructions that are invoked by the processor to perform the power prediction bias compensation method of any of claims 1-9.
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| CN114123278B (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2024-03-05 | 中节能风力发电股份有限公司 | Wind power prediction deviation correction method and system based on electrochemical energy storage |
| CN115764926B (en) * | 2022-11-14 | 2023-07-18 | 金麒麟新能源股份有限公司 | Power detection method and system for new energy station |
| CN116316617B (en) * | 2023-05-26 | 2023-09-15 | 南方电网数字电网研究院有限公司 | Multi-station intelligent fusion new energy generation power region prediction method and system |
| CN117353349B (en) * | 2023-12-04 | 2024-03-29 | 珠海科创储能科技有限公司 | Power supply state control method of energy storage system, storage medium and electronic equipment |
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