CN112486515B - FPGA software online upgrading method based on 1K-XModem protocol - Google Patents
FPGA software online upgrading method based on 1K-XModem protocol Download PDFInfo
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- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
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- G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
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- G06F13/42—Bus transfer protocol, e.g. handshake; Synchronisation
- G06F13/4282—Bus transfer protocol, e.g. handshake; Synchronisation on a serial bus, e.g. I2C bus, SPI bus
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Abstract
The invention provides an FPGA software online upgrading method based on a 1K-XModem protocol, which comprises the steps of firstly obtaining a programming file, adopting the 1K-Xmodem protocol as a serial port transmission protocol, newly adding a series check to ensure the correctness of file transmission, increasing the operations of integral reading and one-to-one comparison at the stage of writing data into FLASH and improving the reliability of software programming. When the method is applied to the infrared imaging software upgrading process in the infrared imaging equipment, compared with a series of complicated operations of disassembling a product, connecting a simulator, loading a program, filling nitrogen and the like which are required by the original method for upgrading software through a JTAG interface, the serial port online upgrading method simplifies the upgrading process of FPGA software, does not need to disassemble products, and reduces risks and cost brought by software upgrading.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of infrared imaging software upgrading in infrared imaging equipment, in particular to an FPGA software online upgrading method based on a 1K-XModem protocol.
Background
In the process of developing embedded software of an NIOS soft core + FPGA system architecture, the infrared imaging software in the infrared imaging equipment needs to be updated, and the FPGA software is generally programmed after being debugged by using an emulator through a JTAG interface. If the software is upgraded by adopting the method after the infrared imaging equipment is delivered, the product is required to be disassembled, the simulator is connected, the program is loaded, and nitrogen is required to be refilled after the software is verified to be correct, so that the process is quite complex to operate and is easy to make mistakes.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an FPGA software online upgrading method based on a 1K-XModem protocol, which realizes the software online upgrading function based on an RS422 serial port, firstly, a programming file needs to be acquired, a serial port transmission protocol adopts the 1K-Xmodem protocol, new sequence verification is added to ensure the correctness of file transmission, the operations of integral reading and one-to-one comparison are added in the data writing FLASH stage, and the reliability of software programming is improved. When the method is applied to the infrared imaging software upgrading process in the infrared imaging equipment, compared with a series of complicated operations of disassembling a product, connecting a simulator, loading a program, filling nitrogen and the like which are originally needed by a method for upgrading software through a JTAG interface, the serial port online upgrading method simplifies the upgrading process of FPGA software, does not need to disassemble products, and reduces risks and cost brought by software upgrading.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the FPGA software online upgrading method based on the 1K-XModem protocol comprises the following steps:
step 1: generating a programming file:
step 1.1: erasing a FLASH memory in the infrared imaging equipment in a whole chip; this may be done by reading the data and checking if all are FFs to see if all are erased;
step 1.2: writing an elf file and a bit file after FPGA software compiling is completed into the FLASH memory through a JTAG interface;
step 1.3: reading data in the FLASH memory to obtain a storage area of the file programmed in the step 1.2; for example, by performing read judgment on each storage sector in the FLASH memory, the non-full FF storage sector is the storage area of the file programmed in step 1.2;
step 1.4: packing the data read in the step 1.3 according to a 1K-Xmodem protocol, and sending the data to an upper computer; for example, the packed data can be sent to an upper computer through an RS422 serial port;
step 1.5: the upper computer receives the data and then generates an out file of FPGA software;
step 1.6: after the FLASH memory is erased again in a whole piece, the out file generated in the step 1.5 is programmed into the FLASH memory; for example, one-key programming can be performed through a flash programming file programming function in an NIOS II 7.2 environment;
after the infrared imaging equipment is powered on again, the FPGA software is started normally, and the functions and the version of the software are confirmed; the innovation point of the step is that the storage area of the burning effective code in the FLASH can be confirmed, and the upper computer is used for exporting data and forming a burning file.
Step 2: and (3) data transmission process:
step 2.1: the infrared imaging equipment is powered on, if the FPGA software receives an on-line upgrading command, the FPGA software sends a NAK signal to the upper computer, and the NAK signal indicates that transmission is started and a file is to be received;
step 2.2: circularly receiving upgrade data sent by an upper computer by FPGA software according to a 1K-Xmodem protocol and storing an array, wherein the upgrade data comprises code data and column check data;
step 2.3: after receiving the EOT signal, the FPGA software calculates the checksum of the array storing the code data according to the columns, compares the checksum with the received column check data one by one, sends an ACK signal to the upper computer if the checksum is correct, and sends a CAN signal to cancel the upgrading process if the checksum is not correct; the EOT signal represents that the file transmission is finished, and the ACK signal represents that the response is normal;
the innovation point of the step is that new row verification is added to ensure that the transmission of the programming file is correct.
And 3, step 3: writing data into a FLASH memory:
step 3.1: after the FPGA software checks the code data column correctly, the code data is written into a code storage area in the FLASH memory, wherein the code storage area is the storage area obtained in the step 1.3;
step 3.2: reading the data in the code storage area, comparing the data with the code data stored in the array one by one, and feeding back the success of programming to the upper computer after confirming no error; if the comparison data are not consistent, repeating the step 3.1 until the comparison data are consistent; if the comparison data are not consistent after the repeated setting times, feeding back the upgrading programming failure to the upper computer.
Then, the infrared imaging equipment is electrified again, the FPGA software is started normally, and the functions and versions of the software are confirmed; the innovation point of the step is that the code data are written into the FLASH and then are integrally read and compared one by one so as to ensure the reliability.
Advantageous effects
The invention realizes the software online upgrading function based on the RS422 serial port, firstly, a programming file needs to be obtained, the serial port transmission protocol adopts a 1K-Xmodem protocol, the correctness of file transmission is ensured by newly adding sequence verification, the operation of integral reading and one-to-one comparison is added at the stage of writing data into FLASH, and the reliability of software programming is improved. When the method is applied to the infrared imaging software upgrading process in the infrared imaging equipment, compared with a series of complicated operations of disassembling a product, connecting a simulator, loading a program, filling nitrogen and the like which are originally needed by a method for upgrading software through a JTAG interface, the serial port online upgrading method simplifies the upgrading process of FPGA software, does not need to disassemble products, and reduces risks and cost brought by software upgrading.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the generation of a write file;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of data transmission;
fig. 4 is a flow chart of data writing to FLASH.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is intended to be illustrative, and not to be construed as limiting the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the FPGA software online upgrade method based on the 1K-XModem protocol provided by the present invention includes processes of generating a programming file, transmitting data, and writing data into a FLASH memory, and specifically includes:
as shown in fig. 2, step 1: generating a programming file:
step 1.1: erasing the FLASH memory (EPCS64) in the infrared imaging device in its entirety; here, we adopt a mode of reading data and checking whether the data are all FF to confirm whether all data are erased;
step 1.2: writing an elf file and a bit file into the FLASH memory through a JTAG interface in the infrared imaging equipment after FPGA software compiling is completed;
step 1.3: reading data in the FLASH memory to obtain a storage area of the file programmed in the step 1.2, wherein the storage area is a storage area (sector 0-sector 31) of software and logic code data; the specific judgment process is as follows: reading and judging each storage sector in the FLASH memory, wherein the non-full FF storage sector is the storage area of the file programmed in the step 1.2;
step 1.4: packing the data read in the step 1.3 according to a 1K-Xmodem protocol, and sending the data to an upper computer through an RS422 serial port;
step 1.5: the upper computer receives the data and then generates an out file of the FPGA software;
step 1.6: after the FLASH memory is erased again in a whole piece, the out file generated in the step 1.5 is programmed into the FLASH memory; here we do one-key programming through the flash programming file function in NIOS II 7.2 environment.
And after the infrared imaging equipment is powered on again, the FPGA software is normally started to confirm the function and version of the software.
As shown in fig. 3, step 2: and (3) data transmission process:
step 2.1: after the infrared imaging equipment is powered on, and the software runs into a refrigeration standby state, if the received first packet command is an online upgrade command (specifically, the order is A9E 0 FF FD FC FB FA F9 Checksum), entering an online upgrade function; otherwise, executing according to a normal flow and not entering an online upgrading mode;
after receiving an online upgrading command, sending a NAK signal to an upper computer by FPGA software, wherein the NAK signal indicates starting transmission and waits for receiving a file;
step 2.2: the FPGA software circularly receives upgrade data sent by an upper computer according to a 1K-Xmodem protocol and stores an array, wherein the upgrade data comprises 2048 packets of code data and 1 packet of column check data, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
after receiving the NAK signal, the upper computer sends a first packet of data (1028 bytes), after receiving by FPGA software, the upper computer judges whether the packet head, the packet number and the packet number complement are correct or not and calculates whether the packet checksum is correct or not, if so, the current data is stored in an array, the number of the data packets is increased by 1, the upper computer sends an ACK signal to the upper computer, after receiving the ACK signal, the upper computer sends the next packet of data, and so on until all 2049 packets of data are completely transmitted; if any packet is checked to be wrong, CAN cancellation transmission is sent to the upper computer, the upgrading process is cancelled, and power-off is needed to be restarted;
step 2.3: after receiving the EOT signal, the FPGA software calculates the checksum of the array storing the code data according to the columns, compares the checksum with the received column check data one by one, sends an ACK signal to an upper computer if the checksum is correct, and otherwise sends a CAN signal to cancel the upgrading process and restart after power off; the EOT signal indicates that the file is transmitted completely, and the ACK signal indicates that the response is normal.
As shown in fig. 4, step 3: writing data into a FLASH memory:
step 3.1: after the FPGA software checks the code data column correctly, the code data is written into a code storage area in the FLASH memory, wherein the code storage area is the storage area obtained in the step 1.3;
step 3.2: reading the data in the code storage area, comparing the data with the code data stored in the array one by one, and feeding back the success of programming to the upper computer after confirming no error; if the comparison data are not consistent, repeating the step 3.1 until the comparison data are consistent; if the comparison data are inconsistent after repeating for 10 times, feeding back the upgrading programming failure to the upper computer.
And then the infrared imaging equipment is electrified again, the FPGA software is normally started, and the functions and the version of the software are confirmed.
The invention realizes the software online upgrading function based on the RS422 serial port, firstly, a programming file is required to be obtained, the serial port transmission protocol adopts a 1K-Xmodem protocol, the serial check is newly added to ensure the correctness of file transmission, the operations of integral reading and one-to-one comparison are added at the stage of writing data into a FLASH, and the reliability of software programming is improved. When the method is applied to the infrared imaging software upgrading process in the infrared imaging equipment, compared with a series of complicated operations of disassembling a product, connecting a simulator, loading a program, filling nitrogen and the like which are originally needed by a method for upgrading software through a JTAG interface, the serial port online upgrading method simplifies the upgrading process of FPGA software, does not need to disassemble products, and reduces risks and cost brought by software upgrading.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A FPGA software online upgrading method based on a 1K-XModem protocol is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: generating a programming file:
step 1.1: erasing a FLASH memory in the infrared imaging equipment in a whole piece;
step 1.2: writing an elf file and a bit file after FPGA software compiling is completed into the FLASH memory through a JTAG interface;
step 1.3: reading data in the FLASH memory to obtain a storage area of the file programmed in the step 1.2;
step 1.4: packing the data read in the step 1.3 according to a 1K-Xmodem protocol, and sending the data to an upper computer;
step 1.5: the upper computer receives the data and then generates an out file of the FPGA software;
step 1.6: after the FLASH memory is erased again in a whole piece, the out file generated in the step 1.5 is programmed into the FLASH memory;
and 2, step: and (3) data transmission process:
step 2.1: the infrared imaging equipment is powered on, if the FPGA software receives an on-line upgrading command, the FPGA software sends a NAK signal to the upper computer, and the NAK signal indicates that transmission is started and a file is to be received;
step 2.2: circularly receiving upgrade data sent by an upper computer by FPGA software according to a 1K-Xmodem protocol and storing an array, wherein the upgrade data comprises code data and column check data;
step 2.3: after receiving the EOT signal, the FPGA software calculates the check sum of the array storing the code data according to the columns, compares the check sum with the received column check data one by one, and sends an ACK signal to an upper computer if the check sum is correct, or sends a CAN signal to cancel the upgrading process; the EOT signal represents that the file transmission is finished, and the ACK signal represents that the response is normal;
and step 3: writing data into a FLASH memory:
step 3.1: after the FPGA software checks the code data column correctly, the code data is written into a code storage area in the FLASH memory, wherein the code storage area is the storage area obtained in the step 1.3;
step 3.2: reading the data in the code storage area, comparing the data with the code data stored in the array one by one, and feeding back the success of programming to the upper computer after confirming no error; if the comparison data are not consistent, repeating the step 3.1 until the comparison data are consistent; if the comparison data are not consistent after the repeated setting times, feeding back the upgrading programming failure to the upper computer.
2. The FPGA software online upgrading method based on the 1K-XModem protocol according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of: in step 1.1, whether the FLASH memory is completely erased is determined by reading the data in the FLASH memory and checking whether the data is completely FF.
3. The FPGA software online upgrading method based on the 1K-XModem protocol according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of: in step 1.3, each storage sector in the FLASH memory is read and judged, wherein the non-full-FF storage sector is the storage area of the file programmed in step 1.2.
4. The FPGA software online upgrading method based on the 1K-XModem protocol according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of: and step 1.4, sending the packaged data to an upper computer through an RS422 serial port.
5. The FPGA software online upgrade method based on the 1K-XModem protocol according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step 1.6, one-key programming is carried out through the function of programming files by the flash program in the NIOS II 7.2 environment.
6. The FPGA software online upgrade method based on the 1K-XModem protocol according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step 2, the upgrade data comprises N packets of code data and 1 packet of column check data; the upper computer sends a first packet of data after receiving the NAK signal, the FPGA software judges whether a packet header, a packet number and a packet number complement code are correct or not, and calculates whether a packet checksum is correct or not, if the packet checksum is correct, the current code data are stored into an array, the number of data packets is increased by 1, an ACK signal is sent to the upper computer, the upper computer sends the next packet of data after receiving the ACK signal, and the rest is done by analogy until all the N +1 packets of data are completely transmitted; if any packet is checked to be wrong, CAN cancellation transmission is sent to the upper computer, and the upgrading process is cancelled.
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