CN112484487A - Melting system and method of molten pool furnace - Google Patents
Melting system and method of molten pool furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN112484487A CN112484487A CN202011119166.7A CN202011119166A CN112484487A CN 112484487 A CN112484487 A CN 112484487A CN 202011119166 A CN202011119166 A CN 202011119166A CN 112484487 A CN112484487 A CN 112484487A
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- smoke
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/02—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, having hollow filters made of flexible material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/02—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, having hollow filters made of flexible material
- B01D46/04—Cleaning filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/0806—Charging or discharging devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D13/00—Apparatus for preheating charges; Arrangements for preheating charges
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/004—Systems for reclaiming waste heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/008—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases cleaning gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B2014/002—Smelting process, e.g. sequences to melt a specific material
- F27B2014/004—Process involving a smelting step, e.g. vaporisation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/0806—Charging or discharging devices
- F27B2014/0812—Continuously charging
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27M—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS OF THE CHARGES OR FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS
- F27M2003/00—Type of treatment of the charge
- F27M2003/13—Smelting
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
- Y02A50/2351—Atmospheric particulate matter [PM], e.g. carbon smoke microparticles, smog, aerosol particles, dust
Abstract
The invention discloses a melting system and a melting method of a molten pool furnace, aiming at solving the defects that the utilization rate of the waste heat of flue gas discharged by the existing molten pool furnace is low, and the flue gas contains more dust, thereby causing greater pollution to the environment. The device comprises a molten pool furnace, a dust collecting barrel, a drying plate, a dust collecting room and a desulfurization pool, wherein a smoke outlet pipe, an air supply pipe, a slag outlet and a metal liquid outlet are arranged on the molten pool furnace, the smoke outlet pipe is connected with the dust collecting barrel, a heat exchange smoke pipe is arranged below the drying plate, one end of the heat exchange smoke pipe is communicated with the dust collecting barrel, the other end of the heat exchange smoke pipe is communicated with the dust collecting room, the dust collecting room is communicated with the desulfurization pool, the slag collecting tank is arranged at the position of the slag outlet, a carrier liquid furnace is arranged at the position of the metal liquid outlet, a dust collecting cloth bag is arranged in the dust collecting room. The utilization rate of the waste heat of the flue gas discharged by the smelting furnace is high, and the flue gas discharged to the atmosphere is not mixed with dust, so that the pollution of the dust to the environment is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a smelting technology, in particular to a smelting system and a smelting method of a molten pool furnace.
Background
Smelting, namely a pyrometallurgical process in which metal materials and other auxiliary materials are put into a heating furnace to be melted and tempered, and the materials of furnace materials in the high-temperature furnace are subjected to certain physical and chemical changes to produce crude metal or metal concentrates and furnace slag. Fuel is added into the furnace of the molten pool for combustion, and air or oxygen-enriched air is fed into the furnace. The crude metal or metal concentrate is separated due to its low miscibility with molten slag and density differential into two layers. The flue gas discharged by the smelting furnace is not only doped with more impurities and dust, but also has high temperature, so that the flue gas can be discharged outwards after being treated, but the flue gas temperature of a plurality of existing smelting furnace grates in the atmosphere is high, the doped dust is more, waste of waste heat is caused, and the environment can be polluted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects that the utilization rate of the waste heat of the flue gas discharged by the existing molten pool furnace is low, and the flue gas contains more dust, which causes great pollution to the environment, and provides the molten pool furnace smelting system and the method.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a molten bath furnace system of smelting, including the molten bath furnace, collect the dirt bucket, the drying plate, the room that gathers dust, the desulfurization pond, be equipped with out the tobacco pipe on the molten bath furnace, the blast pipe, the slag notch, the metal liquid export, it connects to receive the dirt bucket to go out the tobacco pipe, heat transfer tobacco pipe is installed to drying plate below, heat transfer tobacco pipe one end communicates to collect the dirt bucket, the other end communicates the room that gathers dust, room and desulfurization pond intercommunication gather dust, the slag notch position is laid and is received the pond, the carrier liquid stove is laid to the metal liquid exit position, installation dust removal sack in the room that gathers dust, the tobacco pipe that gathers dust is communicated between heat transfer tobacco.
The flue gas that produces in the molten bath furnace working process is carried to the dust collecting barrel through a smoke outlet pipe, and heavier granule in the flue gas falls to the dust collecting barrel bottom, and the dust collecting barrel can filter out the heavier granule in the flue gas, and then the flue gas is carried to the heat transfer tobacco pipe, and the high temperature flue gas in the heat transfer tobacco pipe heats the stoving board, stacks smelting raw materials and fuel mixture on the stoving board and dries, and the smelting raw materials and fuel mixture after the stoving constantly add in the smelting furnace. The waste heat in the flue gas is fully utilized. Then the flue gas enters a dust collection cloth bag in the dust collection room to filter dust, and the temperature of the flue gas entering the dust collection cloth bag is not particularly high due to the heat exchange of the flue gas in the heat exchange smoke pipe, so that the damage to the dust collection cloth bag caused by overhigh temperature is avoided. Conveying the flue gas in the dust collection room to a desulfurization tank, desulfurizing and then discharging the flue gas outwards; the discharged flue gas does not pollute the environment and meets the national emission standard. The utilization rate of the waste heat of the flue gas discharged by the smelting furnace is high, and the flue gas discharged to the atmosphere is not mixed with dust, so that the pollution of the dust to the environment is avoided.
Preferably, the heat exchange smoke pipe is embedded underground, and the heat exchange water jacket is sleeved outside the heat exchange smoke pipe. Because the flue gas temperature in the heat exchange tobacco pipe is higher, consequently cool down the heat exchange tobacco pipe through the heat transfer water jacket to reduce the flue gas temperature. And the heat transfer tobacco pipe is pre-buried in the underground, avoids the heat transfer tobacco pipe of high temperature to expose and brings the potential safety hazard outward.
Preferably, the underground heat exchange air box is embedded below the drying plate, the heat exchange smoke tube is installed in the heat exchange air box, the heat exchange air box is connected with the fan, and the air supply pipes are communicated with the heat exchange air box. The fan blows air into the heat exchange air box, the heat exchange smoke tube heats the air, and the hot air is sent into the molten pool furnace through the blast pipe to support combustion, so that the waste heat is further utilized.
Preferably, a transition smoke pipe is communicated between the heat exchange smoke pipe and the dust collection barrel, the smoke outlet pipe and the transition smoke pipe are both connected to the upper end of the dust collection barrel, and the smoke outlet pipe extends downwards into the dust collection barrel. This arrangement facilitates the collection of larger particulate dust in the flue gas.
Preferably, the feeding mechanism is arranged outside the molten pool furnace, the feeding mechanism comprises a conveying belt which is obliquely arranged, a feeding hole is formed in the outer wall of the upper portion of the molten pool furnace, the upper end of the conveying belt is arranged at the position of the feeding hole, a loading box is arranged at the lower end of the conveying belt, and a plurality of loading hoppers are arranged on the outer surface of the conveying belt at intervals. The feeding mechanism has the advantages of automatic feeding and convenient operation.
Preferably, an upper partition plate and a lower partition plate are installed in a dust collection room, a smoke inlet cavity is arranged above the upper partition plate in the dust collection room, a dust carrying cavity is arranged below the lower partition plate in the dust collection room, a plurality of smoke inlet holes are uniformly distributed in the upper partition plate, a plurality of lifting seats capable of lifting are arranged in the dust collection room and in one-to-one correspondence with the smoke inlet holes, the lifting seats are arranged between the upper partition plate and the lower partition plate, dust falling holes are formed in the lifting seats, a dust collection cloth bag is connected between the smoke inlet holes and the dust falling holes, dust blocking plates are installed in the dust falling holes, a plurality of dust falling holes are arranged in the lower partition plate and in one-to-one correspondence with the dust falling holes, a flexible and telescopic dust falling bag is connected between the dust falling holes, a rotating shaft is installed on the upper partition plate, a cover plate is connected to the rotating; when the cover plate covers the smoke inlet hole, the lifting seat corresponding to the smoke inlet hole is lifted, the lifting seat is lifted to extrude the dust removal cloth bag, the dust blocking plate is opened in the descending process of the lifting seat, dust falls to the dust carrying cavity from the dust falling hole through the dust falling bag and the dust falling hole, and the dust blocking plate returns to close the dust falling hole after the lifting seat descends to the bottom.
The flue gas in the dust collecting flue pipe enters the flue gas inlet cavity and enters the dust removing cloth bag through the flue gas inlet hole, the dust removing cloth bag removes dust from the flue gas, and the flue gas after dust removal is discharged into a cavity between the upper partition plate and the lower partition plate in the dust collecting room and is discharged to the desulfurization tank. And the dust remains in the dust removal cloth bag. The rotating shaft rotates for an angle at regular intervals, the cover plate moves from the upper end of one smoke inlet hole to the upper end of the other smoke inlet hole and seals the smoke inlet hole, then the cover plate is lifted by the lifting seat corresponding to the smoke inlet hole, the lifting seat is lifted to extrude the dust removal cloth bag, smoke in the dust removal cloth bag is discharged, and dust remained on the inner wall of the dust removal cloth bag drops, the dust blocking plate is opened in the descending process of the lifting seat, the dust falls to the dust carrying cavity from the dust falling hole through the dust falling bag and the dust falling hole, and the dust blocking plate returns to close the dust falling hole after the lifting seat descends to the bottom. Through the structure, dust in the dust removal cloth bag can be automatically cleaned at regular intervals, shutdown cleaning is avoided, and working efficiency is greatly improved. The automatic deashing of dust removal sack does not need artifical periodic cleaning, avoids dust removal sack to appear blocking phenomenon, is favorable to reducing intensity of labour, improves work efficiency.
Preferably, a transversely arranged sliding groove is formed in the lifting seat, a return spring is installed between the dust guard plate and the lifting seat, the dust guard plate and the return spring are installed in the sliding groove, the lifting seat is hinged with a connecting rod, a long strip-shaped pushing groove is formed in one end of the connecting rod, a pin shaft is connected between the pushing groove and the dust guard plate, a guide surface which is obliquely arranged is arranged at the other end of the connecting rod, an installation cylinder is installed in the dust collection room and corresponds to the connecting rod, a pushing pin and the return spring are installed in the installation cylinder, the pushing pin extends out of the installation cylinder, and a pushing surface which is obliquely arranged from bottom to top; the guide surface can be attached to the pushing surface in the ascending process of the lifting seat and pushes the pushing pin towards the direction of the return spring; in the descending process of the lifting seat, the end part of the connecting rod is abutted to the pushing pin to enable the connecting rod to rotate, and the dust blocking plate is pulled to move to enable the dust falling hole to be opened.
In the ascending process of the lifting seat, the guide surface at one end of the connecting rod can be attached to the pushing surface and pushes the pushing pin towards the direction of the reset spring, the connecting rod cannot rotate at the moment, and the dust blocking plate always closes the dust falling hole. In the descending process of the lifting seat, the end part of the connecting rod is abutted to the pushing pin to enable the connecting rod to rotate, the connecting rod pulls the dust blocking plate to move through the pushing groove and the pin to enable the dust falling hole to be opened, and dust in the dust removing cloth bag falls to the dust carrying cavity from the dust falling hole through the dust falling bag and the dust falling hole under the action of gravity. After the lifting seat descends to the bottom, the end part of the connecting rod slides away from the pushing pin, the dust baffle plate returns to close the dust falling hole under the action of the return spring, and meanwhile, the connecting rod rotates reversely to return. The dust removal and dust cleaning are facilitated by this structural arrangement.
Preferably, a lifting piston cylinder is correspondingly arranged on the lower partition plate and corresponds to the lifting seat, a shaking spring is connected between a telescopic rod of the lifting piston cylinder and the lifting seat, a shaking cylinder is arranged on the lifting seat, a buffering column and a buffering spring are arranged in the shaking cylinder, a plurality of shaking convex rings are arranged on the inner wall of the dust collection room, guide sections which are obliquely arranged are arranged between the inner wall of the shaking convex ring and the upper edge and between the inner wall of the shaking convex ring and the lower edge, and the buffering column can be abutted against the inner wall of the shaking convex ring and can slide through the inner wall of.
The lifting piston cylinder works to drive the lifting seat to lift, the lifting piston cylinder pushes the lifting seat to ascend, when the buffer column passes through the inner wall of the shaking convex ring, the lifting seat is blocked, the shaking spring is compressed at the moment, the buffer column slides away from the shaking convex ring along with the extension rod of the lifting piston cylinder, so that the lifting seat can shake, and dust on the inner wall of the dust removing cloth bag can drop off more easily.
A melting method of a molten pool furnace utilizes a melting system of the molten pool furnace to carry out melting, and comprises the following steps: a. placing the smelting raw materials and the fuel on a drying plate for drying, and then loading the raw materials and the fuel into a molten pool furnace; b. igniting in the molten pool furnace, and supplying air to the molten pool furnace through an air supply pipe to assist combustion; c. the method comprises the following steps that smoke exhausted from a smelting tank furnace is conveyed into a dust collection barrel through a smoke outlet pipe, heavier particles in the smoke fall to the bottom of the dust collection barrel, then the smoke is conveyed into a heat exchange smoke pipe, high-temperature smoke in the heat exchange smoke pipe heats a drying plate, a smelting raw material and fuel mixture is stacked on the drying plate to be dried, the dried smelting raw material and fuel mixture is continuously added into the smelting furnace, then the smoke enters a dust collection cloth bag in a dust collection room to filter dust, and the smoke in the dust collection room is conveyed to a desulfurization tank to be desulfurized and then is discharged outwards; d. discharging slag in the molten pool furnace into a slag collecting pool from a slag outlet, and enabling molten metal in the molten pool furnace to flow into the liquid carrying furnace from a molten metal outlet; e. sampling the metal liquid in the liquid carrying furnace, detecting the content of each component, calculating the mass of each metal to be added according to the content of each detected component and the component content requirement of the alloy product to be prepared, adding the metal to be added into the liquid carrying furnace, and heating the liquid carrying furnace to completely melt and uniformly mix the metal in the liquid carrying furnace; f. and pouring the molten metal in the liquid-carrying furnace into a forming die for cooling and forming.
The smelting raw materials and the fuel are dried by fully utilizing the waste heat in the flue gas in the working process of the smelting tank furnace, and the flue gas is discharged outwards after a plurality of dedusting processes and desulfurization treatment, so that the environment is not polluted, and the national emission standard is met. The method comprises the steps of directly detecting the content of each component of the molten metal flowing out of the molten pool furnace, calculating the mass of each metal required to be added in an alloy product according to a detection result, adding the metal required to be added into the liquid carrying furnace, heating the liquid carrying furnace to completely melt and uniformly mix the metal in the liquid carrying furnace, and pouring the molten metal in the liquid carrying furnace into a forming die to be cooled and formed to form the product. The alloy product is directly formed after smelting, so that the energy consumption is greatly reduced.
Preferably, in step a, the smelting raw materials and the fuel are charged into a pig iron and the pig iron is compacted, and then the pig iron is charged into the molten bath furnace.
The smelting raw materials and the fuel are filled into the iron tank, particularly the small-particle smelting raw materials and the small-particle fuel are filled into the iron tank and then are put into the molten pool furnace for smelting, so that the smelting raw materials can be smelted more fully, the yield is improved, and the particle smelting raw materials, particularly the powder smelting raw materials, are prevented from being discharged along with the smoke.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) the utilization rate of the waste heat of the flue gas discharged by the smelting furnace is high, and the flue gas discharged into the atmosphere is not mixed with dust, so that the pollution of the dust to the environment is avoided; (2) the alloy product is directly formed after smelting, so that the energy consumption is greatly reduced; (3) the dust removal sack can automatic deashing, does not need artifical periodic cleaning, avoids the dust removal sack to appear blocking phenomenon, is favorable to reducing intensity of labour, improves work efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a connection structure of a heat exchange smoke pipe according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of a connection structure of a heat exchange smoke pipe according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a dust collecting room according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged partial schematic view of FIG. 4 of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. the device comprises a smelting tank furnace, 2, a dust collecting barrel, 3, a drying plate, 4, a dust collecting room, 5, a desulfurization tank, 6, a smoke outlet pipe, 7, an air supply pipe, 8, a slag outlet, 9, a molten metal outlet, 10, a slag collecting tank, 11, a liquid carrying furnace, 12, a dust collecting cloth bag, 13, a dust collecting smoke pipe, 14, a heat exchange smoke pipe, 15, a conveying belt, 16, a feed inlet, 17, a charging box, 18, a carrying hopper, 19, a transition smoke pipe, 20, a separating net, 21, a heat exchange water jacket, 22, a heat exchange air box, 23, an upper partition plate, 24, a lower partition plate, 25, a smoke inlet cavity, 26, a dust carrying cavity, 27, a smoke inlet hole, 28, a lifting seat, 29, a dust falling hole, 30, a dust blocking plate, 31, a dust falling hole, 32, a dust falling bag, 33, a rotating shaft, 34, a cover plate, 35, a sliding groove, 36, a return spring, 37, a connecting rod, 38, a pushing groove, 39, a pin shaft, 40, a mounting cylinder, a, The device comprises a return spring, 44, a pushing surface, 45, a lifting piston cylinder, 46, a shaking spring, 47, a shaking cylinder, 48, a buffer column, 49, a buffer spring, 50, a shaking convex ring, 51, a guide section, 52, a positioning guide rod, 53, a connecting column, 54 and a dust cleaning opening.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail by the following specific embodiments in combination with the attached drawings:
example 1: the utility model provides a molten bath furnace system of smelting (see attached figure 1, attached figure 2), including molten bath furnace 1, the bucket 2 that gathers dust, stoving board 3, the room 4 that gathers dust, desulfurization pond 5, be equipped with out the tobacco pipe 6 on the molten bath furnace, blast pipe 7, the slag notch 8, the metal liquid export 9, it connects to the bucket that gathers dust to go out the tobacco pipe, heat transfer tobacco pipe 14 is installed to stoving board below, heat transfer tobacco pipe one end communicates to the bucket that gathers dust, the other end communicates the room that gathers dust, room and desulfurization pond intercommunication gather dust, slag notch position is laid and is received the pond 10, carrier liquid stove 11 is laid to the metal liquid export position, installation dust removal sack 12 in the room that gathers dust, it gathers dust tobacco pipe 13 to communicate between heat transfer tobacco. The rear end of the desulfurization tank is connected with a chimney, and the treated flue gas is discharged outwards through the chimney.
The blast pipe is tangentially connected to the molten pool furnace and is arranged obliquely downwards. The inclination angle of the blast pipe and the horizontal plane is 45 degrees. A feeding mechanism is arranged outside the molten pool furnace, the feeding mechanism comprises a conveying belt 15 which is obliquely arranged, a feeding hole 16 is arranged on the outer wall of the upper part of the molten pool furnace, the upper end of the conveying belt is arranged at the position of the feeding hole, a charging box 17 is arranged at the lower end of the conveying belt, and a plurality of loading hoppers 18 are arranged on the outer surface of the conveying belt at intervals. The heat exchange smoke tube and the dust collection barrel are communicated with a transition smoke tube 19, the smoke outlet tube and the transition smoke tube are both connected to the upper end of the dust collection barrel, and the smoke outlet tube extends downwards into the dust collection barrel. A vertically-arranged separation net 20 is arranged in the dust collection barrel, the dust collection barrel is separated into two cavities by the separation net, the smoke outlet pipe is communicated with one cavity, and the heat exchange smoke pipe is communicated with the other cavity.
The heat exchange smoke tube is pre-buried underground, and the heat exchange water jacket 21 is sleeved outside the heat exchange smoke tube. Cooling water is introduced into the heat exchange water jacket to cool the flue gas, the drying plate is placed on the ground, the smelting raw materials and the fuel are stacked on the drying plate to be dried, the dried smelting raw materials and the fuel are mixed in proportion and then are loaded into a charging box below a conveying belt, and the mixture is conveyed into a molten pool furnace through a loading hopper on the conveying belt. A plurality of cleaning windows are distributed on the heat exchange smoke pipe, cleaning pipelines are closely connected to the cleaning windows, and the cleaning pipelines penetrate through the heat exchange water jacket and are in sealed connection with the heat exchange water jacket.
A dust absorption fan is arranged around the molten pool furnace in the workshop, and air blown out from an air outlet of the dust absorption fan is directly sent into the air supply pipe to form a dust-free smelting workshop which is clean and tidy.
A melting method of a molten pool furnace utilizes a melting system of the molten pool furnace to carry out melting, and comprises the following steps: a. placing the smelting raw materials and the fuel on a drying plate for drying, and then loading the raw materials and the fuel into a molten pool furnace; b. igniting in the molten pool furnace, and supplying air to the molten pool furnace through an air supply pipe to assist combustion; c. the method comprises the following steps that smoke exhausted from a smelting tank furnace is conveyed into a dust collection barrel through a smoke outlet pipe, heavier particles in the smoke fall to the bottom of the dust collection barrel, then the smoke is conveyed into a heat exchange smoke pipe, high-temperature smoke in the heat exchange smoke pipe heats a drying plate, a smelting raw material and fuel mixture is stacked on the drying plate to be dried, the dried smelting raw material and fuel mixture is continuously added into the smelting furnace, then the smoke enters a dust collection cloth bag in a dust collection room to filter dust, and the smoke in the dust collection room is conveyed to a desulfurization tank to be desulfurized and then is discharged outwards; d. discharging slag in the molten pool furnace into a slag collecting pool from a slag outlet, and enabling molten metal in the molten pool furnace to flow into the liquid carrying furnace from a molten metal outlet; e. sampling the metal liquid in the liquid carrying furnace, detecting the content of each component, calculating the mass of each metal to be added according to the content of each detected component and the component content requirement of the alloy product to be prepared, adding the metal to be added into the liquid carrying furnace, and heating the liquid carrying furnace to completely melt and uniformly mix the metal in the liquid carrying furnace; f. and pouring the molten metal in the liquid-carrying furnace into a forming die for cooling and forming. In the step a, the smelting raw materials and the fuel are filled into the iron tank and the iron tank is compacted, and then the iron tank is filled into the molten bath furnace. The smelting raw materials and the fuel are filled into the iron tank, particularly the small-particle smelting raw materials and the small-particle fuel are filled into the iron tank and then are put into the molten pool furnace for smelting, so that the smelting raw materials can be smelted more fully, the yield is improved, and the particle smelting raw materials, particularly the powder smelting raw materials, are prevented from being discharged along with the smoke.
The raw materials and fuels for smelting can be selected according to the requirements, such as nickel-copper leftover materials and nickel-copper slag ash balls are adopted as the raw materials for smelting, and phosphorus iron or coke is adopted as the fuel. And e, adding ferrophosphorus into the liquid bearing furnace to heat the liquid bearing furnace.
Example 2: the utility model provides a molten bath furnace system of smelting (see attached 3), its structure is similar with embodiment 1, and the main difference lies in this embodiment, the pre-buried heat transfer bellows 22 in underground of stoving board below, and the heat transfer tobacco pipe is installed in the heat transfer bellows, and the fan is connected to the heat transfer bellows, and the blast pipe all communicates with the heat transfer bellows. The other structure is the same as embodiment 1.
Example 3: a melting furnace smelting system (see attached figures 4 and 5) is similar to that of embodiment 1, and mainly differs in that in the embodiment, an upper partition plate 23 and a lower partition plate 24 are installed in a dust collection room, a smoke inlet cavity 25 is arranged above the upper partition plate in the dust collection room, a dust carrying cavity 26 is arranged below the lower partition plate in the dust collection room, a plurality of smoke inlet holes 27 are uniformly distributed on the upper partition plate, a plurality of liftable lifting seats 28 are arranged in the dust collection room and the smoke inlet holes in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the lifting seats are arranged between the upper partition plate and the lower partition plate, dust falling holes 29 are formed in the lifting seats, a dust collection cloth bag is connected between the smoke inlet holes and the dust falling holes, dust blocking plates 30 are installed in the dust falling holes, a plurality of dust falling holes 31 are arranged on the lower partition plate and in the one-to-one correspondence mode, flexible dust falling bags 32 are connected between the dust outlet holes, a rotating shaft 33 is installed on the upper partition plate, a cover plate 34, the dust collecting smoke pipe is communicated with the smoke inlet cavity; when the cover plate covers the smoke inlet hole, the lifting seat corresponding to the smoke inlet hole is lifted, the lifting seat is lifted to extrude the dust removal cloth bag, the dust blocking plate is opened in the descending process of the lifting seat, dust falls to the dust carrying cavity from the dust falling hole through the dust falling bag and the dust falling hole, and the dust blocking plate returns to close the dust falling hole after the lifting seat descends to the bottom.
A sliding groove 35 which is transversely arranged is formed in the lifting seat, a return spring 36 is arranged between the dust guard plate and the lifting seat, the dust guard plate and the return spring are arranged in the sliding groove, the lifting seat is hinged with a connecting rod 37, a long strip-shaped pushing groove 38 is formed in one end of the connecting rod, a pin shaft 39 is connected between the pushing groove and the dust guard plate, a guide surface 40 which is obliquely arranged is arranged at the other end of the connecting rod, an installation cylinder 41 is correspondingly arranged in the dust collection room and the connecting rod, a pushing pin 42 and a return spring 43 are arranged in the installation cylinder, the pushing pin extends out of the installation cylinder, and a pushing surface 44 which is obliquely arranged outwards; the guide surface can be attached to the pushing surface in the ascending process of the lifting seat and pushes the pushing pin towards the direction of the return spring; in the descending process of the lifting seat, the end part of the connecting rod is abutted to the pushing pin to enable the connecting rod to rotate, and the dust blocking plate is pulled to move to enable the dust falling hole to be opened.
The lower partition plate is correspondingly provided with a lifting piston cylinder 45 with a lifting seat, a shaking spring 46 is connected between a telescopic rod of the lifting piston cylinder and the lifting seat, a shaking cylinder 47 is arranged on the lifting seat, a buffering column 48 and a buffering spring 49 are arranged in the shaking cylinder, a plurality of shaking convex rings 50 are arranged on the inner wall of the dust collection room, guide sections 51 which are obliquely arranged are arranged between the inner wall of the shaking convex ring and the upper edge and the lower edge, and the buffering column can abut against the inner wall of the shaking convex ring and slide through the inner wall of the shaking convex ring. A positioning guide rod 52 is arranged between the upper partition plate and the lower partition plate, and the lifting seat is slidably sleeved on the positioning guide rod; a connecting column 53 is connected between the middle part of the upper partition plate and the middle part of the lower partition plate, and the mounting cylinder is tightly mounted on the connecting column; the dust carrying cavity is of a conical structure with a large upper part and a small lower part, the lower part of the dust carrying cavity is provided with an ash cleaning port 54, and an ash cleaning valve is arranged at the ash cleaning port. The upper end of the dust collection room is provided with a driving motor, a gear is arranged on the rotating shaft, the driving motor drives the gear to rotate, and the lifting piston cylinder is an electric cylinder. The other structure is the same as embodiment 1.
The flue gas in the dust collecting flue pipe enters the flue gas inlet cavity and enters the dust removing cloth bag through the flue gas inlet hole, the dust removing cloth bag removes dust from the flue gas, and the flue gas after dust removal is discharged into a cavity between the upper partition plate and the lower partition plate in the dust collecting room and is discharged to the desulfurization tank. And the dust remains in the dust removal cloth bag. The rotating shaft rotates for an angle at regular intervals, the cover plate moves from the upper end of one smoke inlet hole to the upper end of the other smoke inlet hole and seals the smoke inlet hole, then the cover plate is lifted by the lifting seat corresponding to the smoke inlet hole, the lifting seat is lifted to extrude the dust removal cloth bag, smoke in the dust removal cloth bag is discharged, and dust remained on the inner wall of the dust removal cloth bag drops, the dust blocking plate is opened in the descending process of the lifting seat, the dust falls to the dust carrying cavity from the dust falling hole through the dust falling bag and the dust falling hole, and the dust blocking plate returns to close the dust falling hole after the lifting seat descends to the bottom. Through the structure, dust in the dust removal cloth bag can be automatically cleaned at regular intervals, shutdown cleaning is avoided, and working efficiency is greatly improved. The automatic deashing of dust removal sack does not need artifical periodic cleaning, avoids dust removal sack to appear blocking phenomenon, is favorable to reducing intensity of labour, improves work efficiency.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, which is not intended to be limiting in any way, and other variations and modifications are possible without departing from the scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a molten bath furnace system of smelting, a serial communication port, including the molten bath furnace, collect the dirt bucket, the stoving board, the room that gathers dust, the desulfurization pond, be equipped with out the tobacco pipe on the molten bath furnace, the blast pipe, the slag notch, the molten metal export, it connects to receive the dirt bucket to go out the tobacco pipe, stoving board below installation heat transfer tobacco pipe, heat transfer tobacco pipe one end communicates and collects the dirt bucket, the other end communicates the room that gathers dust, room and desulfurization pond intercommunication gather dust, the slag notch position is laid and is collected the slag notch, the carrier liquid stove is laid to the molten metal export position, installation dust removal sack in the room that gathers dust, the tobacco pipe that gathers dust is communicated between heat.
2. The molten bath furnace smelting system of claim 1, wherein the heat exchange smoke tube is pre-buried underground and the heat exchange water jacket is sheathed outside the heat exchange smoke tube.
3. The molten bath furnace smelting system of claim 1, wherein a heat exchange bellows is embedded underground below the drying plate, a heat exchange smoke tube is installed in the heat exchange bellows, the heat exchange bellows is connected with a fan, and the air supply tubes are all communicated with the heat exchange bellows.
4. The molten bath furnace smelting system of claim 1, wherein a transition flue pipe is communicated between the heat exchange flue pipe and the dust collection barrel, the flue pipe and the transition flue pipe are both connected to the upper end of the dust collection barrel, and the flue pipe extends downwards into the dust collection barrel.
5. The molten bath furnace smelting system according to claim 1, wherein a feeding mechanism is disposed outside the molten bath furnace, the feeding mechanism includes a conveyor belt obliquely disposed, a feed port is provided on an outer wall of an upper portion of the molten bath furnace, an upper end of the conveyor belt is disposed at the feed port, a hopper is disposed at a lower end of the conveyor belt, and a plurality of hoppers are disposed at intervals on an outer surface of the conveyor belt.
6. The molten pool furnace smelting system of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein an upper partition plate and a lower partition plate are installed in the dust collecting chamber, a smoke inlet chamber is arranged above the upper partition plate in the dust collecting chamber, a dust carrying chamber is arranged below the lower partition plate in the dust collecting chamber, a plurality of smoke inlet holes are uniformly distributed in the upper partition plate, a plurality of liftable lifting seats are arranged in the dust collecting chamber and correspond to the smoke inlet holes one by one, the lifting seats are arranged between the upper partition plate and the lower partition plate, dust falling holes are formed in the lifting seats, a dust removing cloth bag is connected between the smoke inlet holes and the dust falling holes, dust blocking plates are installed in the dust falling holes, a plurality of dust falling holes are correspondingly arranged on the lower partition plate and the dust falling holes one by one, a flexible and telescopic dust falling bag is connected between the dust falling holes, a rotating shaft is installed on the upper partition plate, a cover plate is connected to the rotating shaft, the cover plate can cover one smoke inlet hole along; when the cover plate covers the smoke inlet hole, the lifting seat corresponding to the smoke inlet hole is lifted, the lifting seat is lifted to extrude the dust removal cloth bag, the dust blocking plate is opened in the descending process of the lifting seat, dust falls to the dust carrying cavity from the dust falling hole through the dust falling bag and the dust falling hole, and the dust blocking plate returns to close the dust falling hole after the lifting seat descends to the bottom.
7. The molten pool furnace smelting system of claim 6, wherein the elevating base is provided with a transversely arranged chute, a return spring is arranged between the dust guard and the elevating base, the dust guard and the return spring are arranged in the chute, the elevating base is hinged with a connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod is provided with an elongated pushing groove, a pin shaft is connected between the pushing groove and the dust guard, the other end of the connecting rod is provided with an obliquely arranged guide surface, a mounting cylinder is arranged in the dust collection room and corresponds to the connecting rod, a pushing pin and the return spring are arranged in the mounting cylinder, the pushing pin extends out of the mounting cylinder, and the end part of the pushing pin is provided with a pushing surface obliquely arranged from bottom to top; the guide surface can be attached to the pushing surface in the ascending process of the lifting seat and pushes the pushing pin towards the direction of the return spring; in the descending process of the lifting seat, the end part of the connecting rod is abutted to the pushing pin to enable the connecting rod to rotate, and the dust blocking plate is pulled to move to enable the dust falling hole to be opened.
8. The molten bath furnace smelting system according to claim 6, wherein the lower partition plate is provided with a lifting piston cylinder corresponding to the lifting seat, a shaking spring is connected between a telescopic rod of the lifting piston cylinder and the lifting seat, the lifting seat is provided with a shaking cylinder, the shaking cylinder is internally provided with a buffer column and a buffer spring, the dust collecting chamber is internally provided with a plurality of shaking convex rings, the inner walls of the shaking convex rings and the upper edge and the lower edge are respectively provided with a guide section which is obliquely arranged, and the buffer column can abut against the inner walls of the shaking convex rings and slide over the inner walls of the shaking convex rings.
9. A molten bath furnace smelting method characterized by smelting by the molten bath furnace smelting system of any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of: a. placing the smelting raw materials and the fuel on a drying plate for drying, and then loading the raw materials and the fuel into a molten pool furnace; b. igniting in the molten pool furnace, and supplying air to the molten pool furnace through an air supply pipe to assist combustion; c. the method comprises the following steps that smoke exhausted from a smelting tank furnace is conveyed into a dust collection barrel through a smoke outlet pipe, heavier particles in the smoke fall to the bottom of the dust collection barrel, then the smoke is conveyed into a heat exchange smoke pipe, high-temperature smoke in the heat exchange smoke pipe heats a drying plate, a smelting raw material and fuel mixture is stacked on the drying plate to be dried, the dried smelting raw material and fuel mixture is continuously added into the smelting furnace, then the smoke enters a dust collection cloth bag in a dust collection room to filter dust, and the smoke in the dust collection room is conveyed to a desulfurization tank to be desulfurized and then is discharged outwards; d. discharging slag in the molten pool furnace into a slag collecting pool from a slag outlet, and enabling molten metal in the molten pool furnace to flow into the liquid carrying furnace from a molten metal outlet; e. sampling the metal liquid in the liquid carrying furnace, detecting the content of each component, calculating the mass of each metal to be added according to the content of each detected component and the component content requirement of the alloy product to be prepared, adding the metal to be added into the liquid carrying furnace, and heating the liquid carrying furnace to completely melt and uniformly mix the metal in the liquid carrying furnace; f. and pouring the molten metal in the liquid-carrying furnace into a forming die for cooling and forming.
10. The molten bath furnace smelting process of claim 9, wherein in step a the smelting feed materials and fuel are charged into and compacted against the iron ladle, which is then charged into the molten bath furnace.
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