CN112483187B - Shield tunneling machine pipe piece settlement monitoring system and monitoring method - Google Patents
Shield tunneling machine pipe piece settlement monitoring system and monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 title claims description 10
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/08—Lining with building materials with preformed concrete slabs
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Abstract
The invention provides a shield machine duct piece settlement monitoring system and a monitoring method, which comprise a plurality of monitoring points uniformly arranged on duct pieces and reference points arranged on the rear sides of the assembled duct pieces, wherein the monitoring points are provided with first monitoring components, the reference points are provided with reference components, and the first monitoring components and the reference components are matched with a monitoring mechanism. The method indirectly obtains the shield attitude trend by monitoring the sedimentation amount change of each ring pipe piece and calculates the secondary grouting amount according to the actual sedimentation amount of the pipe piece, so that a shield driver is conveniently guided to adjust the shield attitude and grouting operation in time, and the operation safety is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of duct piece settlement monitoring, in particular to a system and a method for monitoring duct piece settlement of a shield tunneling machine.
Background
In the construction process of the shield tunnel, the excavation face is required to be kept stable, and lining and grouting operation must be carried out on the excavation face of the tunnel along with tunneling of the tunnel, so that the safety and reliability of the whole construction process of the tunnel are guaranteed.
At present, more and more shields need to pass through a composite stratum settlement sensitive section, tight monitoring on pipe piece settlement in the shield machine construction process is very important, stratum displacement problem can be caused in the shield construction process, shield construction settlement is caused, the influence range and degree of disturbance depend on many factors, construction management and other construction conditions such as construction parameters (soil bin pressure, cutter head torque, thrust, soil output and grouting amount), and the like, a set of real-time monitoring pipe piece settlement system needs to be researched and developed urgently, construction remedial measures are carried out on the part of settlement exceeding the early warning value, and the safety and reliability of the construction process of the tunnel are ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides a shield machine pipe piece settlement monitoring system and a monitoring method, wherein a monitoring point position is arranged on a pipe piece, the settlement of the pipe piece can be monitored, alarm information is given in time when the settlement exceeds an early warning value, and constructors can take settlement control measures to ensure that the settlement is controlled within an allowable range in the tunnel construction process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the utility model provides a shield constructs quick-witted section of jurisdiction settlement monitoring system, includes that a plurality of evenly arranges the monitoring point on the section of jurisdiction and installs the reference point at the completion section of jurisdiction rear side of assembling, and first monitoring subassembly is installed to the monitoring point, and the reference subassembly is installed to the reference point, and first monitoring subassembly and reference subassembly all cooperate with monitoring mechanism.
Preferably, the first monitoring assembly comprises a monitoring prism, and the monitoring prism is adsorbed on the segment monitoring point; the reference assembly comprises a rearview prism, and the rearview prism is arranged on the reference point; the monitoring mechanism comprises a total station instrument, the total station instrument is matched with the monitoring prism and the rearview prism, and the total station instrument is connected with an upper computer.
A monitoring method of a shield machine pipe piece settlement monitoring system comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly establishing an origin coordinate system 01: when in preparation, an original point coordinate system 01 (X01, Y01 and Z01) is established, and coordinate data are transmitted to an upper computer in real time;
s2, establishing a total station coordinate system 02: taking the rearview prism on the reference point as a reference point, scanning the rearview prism by the total station to perform self-positioning to obtain a total station self-coordinate system 02 (X02, Y02 and Z02);
s3, establishing a segment coordinate system 03: after the steps of S1 and S2 are completed, the total station scans the segment monitoring points to obtain segment position and posture coordinates 03 (X03, Y03 and Z03) relative to an original point coordinate system 01, meanwhile, coordinate data are transmitted to the upper computer in real time, the total station records the segment position and posture coordinates 03 as a next ring tube piece settlement reference point, and the establishment of the first ring tube piece coordinates is completed;
s4, establishing a second annular pipe piece coordinate system: the monitoring prism is movably mounted on the second ring pipe piece, the monitoring prism on the second ring pipe piece is scanned through the total station again to obtain the position and posture coordinates 04 (X04, Y04 and Z04) of the second ring pipe piece, and coordinate data are transmitted to the upper computer in real time;
s5, calculating the settling volume of the pipe piece: according to the steps S3 and S4, the upper computer calculates the position difference between the two ring pipe pieces according to the second ring pipe piece position posture coordinate 04 and the first ring pipe piece position posture coordinate 03, and then calculates the pipe piece settlement amount M1, and meanwhile, the second ring pipe piece position posture coordinate 04 is used as a next ring pipe piece settlement reference point;
s6, establishing a subsequent multi-ring segment coordinate system: repeating the steps S4 and S5, sequentially establishing a third ring pipe piece coordinate system, a.
S7, according to the secondary grouting amount calculated in the step S6, the upper computer establishes an actual sedimentation change curve and a secondary grouting amount change curve according to the sedimentation amount data obtained in real time and the calculated secondary grouting amount;
s8, according to the step S7, the upper computer compares the actual sedimentation change curve with the shield machine posture design axis, and when the floating range between the actual sedimentation change curve and the shield machine posture design axis exceeds the set safety threshold range, the upper computer sends alarm information to the central control system; and meanwhile, the upper computer transmits a secondary grouting amount data change curve to the central control system, grouting operators observe the secondary grouting amount change curve and a theoretical grouting amount design curve, and when the secondary grouting amount change curve deviates from the theoretical grouting amount design curve, the grouting pressure is changed and the grouting speed is dynamically adjusted to adjust the secondary grouting amount.
Preferably, the method for calculating the secondary grouting amount between the fitting circle and the excavation section in step S6 includes the following steps:
a1, first, calculating the coordinates of the center position of each fitting circle: the corresponding pipe segment sheets all comprise at least three groups of monitoring points, the total station scans and measures coordinate data of all the monitoring points on the pipe segment sheets and then transmits the coordinate data to the upper computer, the upper computer performs fitting to form a circle according to the coordinate data of multiple points on the corresponding pipe segment sheets, and central position coordinates 03 (X03, Y03 and Z03) of a first ring fitting circular pipe sheet, central position coordinates 04 (X04, Y04 and Z04) of a second ring fitting circular pipe sheet, … … and central position coordinates (X0 n +1, Y0n +1 and Z0n + 1) of an n +1 ring fitting circular pipe sheet are respectively calculated;
a2, calculating the radius d2 of the second ring fitting circular tube sheet according to the central coordinates of each fitting circle and the coordinate system of the monitoring point in the step A1, calculating the settling amount of the second ring fitting circular tube sheet to be d5 according to the coordinates of the monitoring point on the second ring tube sheet and the coordinates of the corresponding position on the first ring tube sheet, and calculating the radius d3 of the excavation section and the outer diameter d7 of the first ring tube sheet;
a3, calculating the distance d1 between the second ring segment and the excavation section according to the step A2, wherein d1= d3-d7-d 5; calculating the distance d4 between the center of the second ring segment and the center of the excavation section, wherein d4= d3-d2-d 1;
a4, calculating the distances d6 between the second ring segment and the center of the excavation section according to the step A3, d6= d4 tan (arc (d 4/d 2)), then calculating a triangular region S1, a second ring segment fan-shaped region area S2 and an excavation section fan-shaped region area S3, and finally calculating a grouting region area S4, S4= S3-S2-S1;
a5, the final calculation according to step A3 yields the secondary grouting amount V = S4 × H, H being the tube ring width.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the settlement of each ring of pipe pieces is measured by matching the total station with the prism arranged at the monitoring point on the pipe pieces, the whole arrangement is simple, complex wiring is not needed, the structure of the shield tunneling machine is not needed to be improved, and the applicability is strong;
2. according to the invention, the coordinates of different positions on each ring pipe piece are measured, the coordinates of the central position on each pipe piece are calculated, and a pipe piece settlement data curve is established according to the calculated coordinates of the central position on the corresponding pipe piece, so that the tunneling trend of the shield posture can be indirectly obtained, and a shield driver can be conveniently guided to adjust the shield posture in time to keep consistent with the designed axis;
3. the invention judges the sedimentation trend of the pipe pieces by calculating the sedimentation amount of each ring of pipe pieces, can adjust the tunneling parameters in time, control the sedimentation amount of the pipe pieces and avoid the engineering risk, and has predictability on the risk caused by improper construction parameters by acquiring the sedimentation amount of the pipe pieces at different positions on different pipe sections in time.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the establishment of an origin coordinate system according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the measurement of duct piece settlement in the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the settling of the pipe joints according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the secondary grouting according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1: as shown in figure 1, a shield machine pipe piece settlement monitoring system comprises a plurality of monitoring points uniformly arranged on a pipe piece and a reference point arranged at the rear side of the assembled pipe piece, 5 groups of monitoring points are preferably selected in the embodiment, a first monitoring component is arranged on each monitoring point, each first monitoring component comprises a monitoring prism, each monitoring prism is adsorbed on a pipe piece bolt, a reference component is arranged on each reference point, each reference component comprises a rearview prism, each rearview prism is arranged on each reference point, each first monitoring component and each reference component are matched with a monitoring mechanism, each monitoring mechanism comprises a total station, each total station is matched with the monitoring prism and each rearview prism, each total station continuously tracks and measures the position of each prism, the displacement of each monitoring point in the X, Y, Z direction can be calculated in real time, each total station records the azimuth position of each point in each time period, and the settlement of the tunneling position can be obtained, the total station is connected with the upper computer, and the measurement data of the total station is transmitted to the upper computer in real time.
When using, at first, fix the rear view prism at the shield constructs the machine and has accomplished the rear side position that the section of jurisdiction was assembled as shown in fig. 1, the total powerstation sets up the place ahead at the prism, section of jurisdiction monitoring point evenly distributed is in certain pipe ring department in total powerstation the place ahead, utilize the rear view prism as the reference point, be convenient for alignment total powerstation coordinate system, through the prism of total powerstation cooperation monitoring point installation on the section of jurisdiction, measure the settlement volume of every ring section of jurisdiction, the whole is arranged simply, need not complicated wiring, and need not to improve the shield structure, and the suitability is strong.
Example 2: the monitoring method of the shield machine pipe piece settlement monitoring system comprises the following steps:
s1, as shown in fig. 2, first, the origin coordinate system 01 is established: during preparation, an origin coordinate system 01 (X01, Y01 and Z01) is established at first, 01 (X01, Y01 and Z01) is used as a world coordinate system, and coordinate data are transmitted to an upper computer in real time;
s2, establishing a total station coordinate system 02: taking the rearview prism on the reference point as a reference point, enabling the total station and the rearview prism to have a fixed relative position, scanning the rearview prism by the total station to perform self-positioning, and obtaining a coordinate system 02 (X02, Y02 and Z02) of the total station;
s3, establishing a first-ring segment coordinate system 03: after the steps S1 and S2 are completed, the total station has the function of automatically locking a target prism, aims at the monitoring prism, scans the segment monitoring point to obtain segment position and posture coordinates 03 (X03, Y03 and Z03) relative to an original point coordinate system 01, the segment position and posture coordinates are the coordinates of the central position of the segment, meanwhile, coordinate data are transmitted to an upper computer in real time, the total station records the segment position and posture coordinates 03 as a next ring tube settlement reference point, and the establishment of the first ring segment coordinates is completed;
s4, establishing a second annular pipe piece coordinate system: the monitoring prism is movably mounted on the second ring pipe piece, the monitoring prism on the second ring pipe piece is scanned through the total station again to obtain the position and posture coordinates 04 (X04, Y04 and Z04) of the second ring pipe piece, and coordinate data are transmitted to the upper computer in real time;
s5, as shown in fig. 3, the tube sheet sedimentation amount is calculated: according to the steps S3 and S4, the upper computer calculates the relative position difference between the two ring pipe pieces according to the second ring pipe piece position posture coordinate 04 and the first ring pipe piece position posture coordinate 03, and further calculates the second ring pipe piece settlement amount M1, and meanwhile, the second ring pipe piece position posture coordinate 04 is used as a next ring pipe piece settlement reference point;
s6, establishing a subsequent multi-ring segment coordinate system: repeating the steps S4 and S5, sequentially establishing a third ring pipe piece coordinate system, a. The method for calculating the secondary grouting amount between the fitting circle and the excavated section comprises the following steps of:
a1, first, calculating the coordinates of the center position of each fitting circle: the corresponding pipe segment sheets all comprise at least three groups of monitoring points, in the embodiment, 5 groups of monitoring points are preferably selected, coordinate data of the 5 groups of monitoring points on the pipe segment sheets are scanned and measured by a total station and then transmitted to an upper computer, the upper computer performs fitting to form a circle according to coordinate data of multiple points on the corresponding pipe segment sheets, a center connecting line of a fitting circle center can reflect a posture trend of the shield, and central position coordinates 03 (X03, Y03 and Z03) of a first ring fitting circular pipe sheet, central position coordinates 04 (X04, Y04 and Z04), … … and central position coordinates (X0 n +1, Y0n +1 and Z0n + 1) of a n +1 ring fitting circular pipe sheet are respectively calculated, the central position coordinates of each pipe sheet are the mean value of the central position coordinates of multiple monitoring points, and the central position coordinates of each pipe sheet are calculated, the accuracy of the measured data is greatly improved, the error of the measured data is reduced, and the central coordinates of all the segments can indirectly obtain the attitude adjustment curve of the shield tunneling machine;
a2, as shown in FIG. 5, calculating the radius d2 of the second ring fitting circular tube piece according to the central coordinates of each fitting circle and the coordinate system of the monitoring point in the step A1, calculating the settlement amount of the second ring fitting circular tube piece to be d5 according to the coordinates of the monitoring point on the second ring tube piece and the coordinates of the corresponding position on the first ring tube piece, and calculating the excavation section radius d3 and the outer diameter d7 of the first ring tube piece;
a3, calculating the distance d1 between the second ring segment and the excavation section according to the step A2, wherein d1= d3-d7-d 5; calculating the distance d4 between the center of the second ring segment and the center of the excavation section, wherein d4= d3-d2-d 1;
a4, calculating the distances d6, d6= d4 tan (arc (d 4/d 2)) between the second ring segment and the excavation section center according to the step A3, then calculating a triangular area S1, a second ring segment fan-shaped area S2 and an excavation section fan-shaped area S3, calculating a large fan-shaped area S4 from d3, a small fan-shaped area S2 from d2 and a beta angle, calculating a small triangular area S1 from d4 and d6 according to the diagram shown in fig. 5, and finally calculating a grouting area S4, S4= S3-S2-S1;
a5, the final calculation according to step a4 yields the secondary grouting amount V = S4 × H, H being the tube ring width. In the steps S2-S6, the corresponding pipe segment sheets respectively comprise at least three groups of monitoring points, the upper computer respectively calculates a first ring pipe sheet center coordinate 03 (X03, Y03 and Z03), a second ring pipe sheet center coordinate 04 (X04, Y04 and Z04), … … and an n +1 ring pipe sheet 0n +1 (X0 n +1, Y0n +1 and Z0n + 1) by utilizing a multi-point synthetic circle according to multi-point data on the corresponding pipe segment sheets;
s7, as shown in FIG. 4, according to the secondary grouting amount calculated in the step S6; meanwhile, the upper computer establishes an actual sedimentation change curve and a secondary grouting amount change curve according to the sedimentation amount data acquired in real time and the calculated secondary grouting amount;
s8, according to the step S7, the upper computer compares the actual sedimentation change curve with the shield machine posture design axis, and when the floating range between the actual sedimentation change curve and the shield machine posture design axis exceeds the set safety threshold range, the upper computer sends alarm information to the central control system; meanwhile, the upper computer transmits a secondary grouting amount data change curve to the central control system, grouting operators observe the secondary grouting amount change curve and a theoretical grouting amount design curve, when the secondary grouting amount change curve deviates from the theoretical grouting amount design curve, grouting pressure and grouting speed are changed, secondary grouting amount is dynamically adjusted, monitoring point positions are arranged on the pipe pieces, pipe piece settlement amount can be monitored, warning information is given out in time when the settlement amount exceeds an early warning value, constructors can take settlement control measures, and settlement control in the tunnel construction process is guaranteed to be within an allowable range.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (2)
1. A monitoring method of a shield machine pipe piece settlement monitoring system is characterized in that the shield machine pipe piece settlement monitoring system comprises a plurality of monitoring points uniformly arranged on pipe pieces and a reference point arranged on the rear side of the assembled pipe pieces, wherein the monitoring points are provided with first monitoring components, the reference point is provided with a reference component, and the first monitoring components and the reference component are matched with a monitoring mechanism; the first monitoring assembly comprises a monitoring prism, and the monitoring prism is adsorbed on a segment monitoring point; the reference assembly comprises a rearview prism, and the rearview prism is arranged on the reference point; the monitoring mechanism comprises a total station, the total station is matched with the monitoring prism and the rearview prism, and the total station is connected with the upper computer;
the monitoring method comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly establishing an origin coordinate system 01: when preparing, the origin coordinate system 01 (X) is first established01、Y01、Z01) The coordinate data are transmitted to an upper computer in real time;
s2, establishing a total station coordinate system 02: taking the rearview prism on the reference point as a reference point, the total station scans the rearview prism to carry out self-positioning, and a total station self-coordinate system 02 (X) is obtained02、Y02、Z02）；
S3, establishing a segment coordinate system 03: after steps S1 and S2 are completed, the total station scans the segment monitoring point to obtain segment orientation and posture coordinates 03 (X) relative to the origin coordinate system 0103、Y03、Z03) Meanwhile, coordinate data are transmitted to an upper computer in real time, and the total station records the position and posture coordinates 03 of the segment as a settlement reference point of the next ring segment, so that the establishment of the first ring segment coordinate is completed;
s4, establishing a second annular pipe piece coordinate system: the monitoring prism is movably arranged on the second ring pipe piece, and the monitoring prism on the second ring pipe piece is scanned by the total station again to obtain the azimuth attitude coordinate 04 (X) of the second ring pipe piece04、Y04、Z04) The coordinate data are transmitted to an upper computer in real time;
s5, calculating the settling volume of the pipe piece: according to the steps S3 and S4, the upper computer calculates the position difference between the two ring pipe pieces according to the position posture coordinate 04 of the second ring pipe piece and the position posture coordinate 03 of the first ring pipe piece, and then calculates the pipe piece settlement M1Meanwhile, the orientation posture coordinate 04 of the second ring pipe piece is used as a settlement reference point of the next ring pipe piece;
s6, establishing a subsequent multi-ring segment coordinate system: repeating the steps S4 and S5, sequentially establishing a third ring pipe piece coordinate system, a.
S7, according to the secondary grouting amount calculated in the step S6, the upper computer establishes an actual sedimentation change curve and a secondary grouting amount change curve according to the sedimentation amount data obtained in real time and the calculated secondary grouting amount;
s8, according to the step S7, the upper computer compares the actual sedimentation change curve with the shield machine posture design axis, and when the floating range between the actual sedimentation change curve and the shield machine posture design axis exceeds the set safety threshold range, the upper computer sends alarm information to the central control system; and meanwhile, the upper computer transmits a secondary grouting amount data change curve to the central control system, grouting operators observe the secondary grouting amount change curve and a theoretical grouting amount design curve, and when the secondary grouting amount change curve deviates from the theoretical grouting amount design curve, the grouting pressure is changed and the grouting speed is dynamically adjusted to adjust the secondary grouting amount.
2. The monitoring method of the shield tunneling machine segment settlement monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the calculating method of the secondary grouting amount between the fitting circle and the excavation section in the step S6 includes the following steps:
a1, first, calculating the coordinates of the center position of each fitting circle: the corresponding pipe section pipe pieces all comprise at least three groups of monitoring points, the total station scans and measures coordinate data of the monitoring points on the pipe pieces and then transmits the coordinate data to the upper computer, the upper computer performs fitting to form a circle according to the coordinate data of the multiple points on the corresponding pipe section pipe pieces, and the coordinate 03 (X) of the central position of the first ring fitting circular pipe piece is obtained through calculation respectively03、Y03、Z03) Second ring fitting segment center position coordinate 04 (X)04、Y04、Z04) … …, n +1 th ring fitting segment 0n +1 central position coordinate (X)0n+1、Y0n+1、Z0n+1）；
A2, calculating the radius d2 of the second ring fitting circular tube sheet according to the central coordinates of each fitting circle and the coordinate system of the monitoring point in the step A1, calculating the settling amount of the second ring fitting circular tube sheet to be d5 according to the coordinates of the monitoring point on the second ring tube sheet and the coordinates of the corresponding position on the first ring tube sheet, and calculating the radius d3 of the excavation section and the outer diameter d7 of the first ring tube sheet;
a3, calculating the distance d1 between the second ring segment and the excavation section according to the step A2, wherein d1= d3-d7-d 5; calculating the distance d4 between the center of the second ring segment and the center of the excavation section, wherein d4= d3-d2-d 1;
a4, according to the step A3, the distances d6 between the second ring segment and the center of the excavation section, d6= d4 tan (arccos (d 4/d 2)), then calculating a triangular region S1, a second ring segment fan-shaped region area S2 and an excavation section fan-shaped region area S3, wherein the triangular region S1 is a right-angled triangle formed by taking d6 and d4 as right-angled sides and taking d2 as oblique sides, and finally calculating a grouting region area S4, S4= S3-S2-S1;
a5, the final calculation according to step a4 yields the secondary grouting amount V = S4 × H, H being the tube ring width.
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| ZA202207686B (en) * | 2022-07-12 | 2022-10-26 | China Constr 7Th Eng Division Corp Ltd | Device and system for visual monitoring based on measuring robot |
| CN115218862B (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2024-05-14 | 上海隧道工程有限公司 | Automatic shield construction segment settlement monitoring system and method based on total station |
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