CN112483027A - Oil-based mud resource utilization method based on sintering production - Google Patents
Oil-based mud resource utilization method based on sintering production Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112483027A CN112483027A CN202011394285.3A CN202011394285A CN112483027A CN 112483027 A CN112483027 A CN 112483027A CN 202011394285 A CN202011394285 A CN 202011394285A CN 112483027 A CN112483027 A CN 112483027A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- oil
- based mud
- sintering
- solid particles
- sintering production
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims abstract 6
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 52
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011499 joint compound Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/06—Arrangements for treating drilling fluids outside the borehole
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/06—Arrangements for treating drilling fluids outside the borehole
- E21B21/068—Arrangements for treating drilling fluids outside the borehole using chemical treatment
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
本发明属于油气田废弃钻井油基泥浆的无害化处理和资源化综合利用技术领域，公开了一种基于烧结生产的油基泥浆资源化利用方法，包括以下步骤：将油基泥浆进行烘干和破碎处理，得到油基泥浆固体颗粒；将烧结配料单中的燃料替换为油基泥浆固体颗粒进行烧结生产，得到成品烧结矿。本发明降低了烧结成本，对于废弃的油基泥浆，既实现了能源转换，又使废弃物得到消纳和再资源化，符合我国保护环境的要求与可持续发展的战略。
The invention belongs to the technical field of harmless treatment and comprehensive utilization of waste drilling oil-based mud in oil and gas fields, and discloses a resource-based utilization method of oil-based mud based on sintering production, comprising the following steps: drying the oil-based mud and Crushing treatment to obtain oil-based mud solid particles; replacing the fuel in the sintering ingredient list with oil-based mud solid particles for sintering production to obtain finished sintered ore. The invention reduces the sintering cost, realizes energy conversion for the waste oil-based mud, and makes the wastes absorbed and recycled, which conforms to the requirements of environmental protection and the sustainable development strategy of our country.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of harmless treatment and resource comprehensive utilization of waste drilling oil-based mud in oil and gas fields, and particularly relates to a resource utilization method of oil-based mud based on sintering production.
Background
The energy consumption in the sintering production process mainly comprises solid fuel consumption, ignition gas energy consumption and electric power consumption, wherein the solid fuel consumption is the most main energy consumption and accounts for 76-80% of the total consumption, the current sintering fuel mainly uses coke, the heat productivity of the coke is 3 x 104J/g measured by an oxygen elasticity calorimeter, and according to statistics, the sintering cost can be reduced by about 1.0 yuan when the sintering fuel consumption is reduced by 1 kg/t. Reducing fuel consumption is therefore the most critical means to reduce sintering costs.
The oil-based mud is a pollutant generated in the using process of the oil-based drilling fluid, comprises complex components such as oil, clay, various chemical treatment agents, weighting materials, dirty oil, sewage, mud and the like, has the characteristics of high oil content, a large amount of organic pollutants and the like, can cause serious pollution to surrounding soil, water sources, farmlands and air if not properly treated for a long time, and brings great harm to human health, life and production activities. The oil substances contained in the oil-based mud comprise gasoline, diesel oil, heavy oil and the like, which are all fuels with higher calorific value, but the energy of the oil-based mud is not effectively utilized at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a resource utilization method of oil-based mud based on sintering production, and aims to solve the problem that the energy of the existing oil-based mud is not effectively utilized by treatment.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a resource utilization method of oil-based mud produced based on sintering comprises the following steps:
drying and crushing the oil-based mud to obtain solid particles of the oil-based mud;
and replacing the fuel in the sintering burdening list with oil-based mud solid particles for sintering production to obtain the finished sintered ore.
Preferably, the sintering production by replacing coke in the sintering batching unit with oil-based mud solid particles comprises the following steps: and determining the heat value of the solid particles of the oil-based mud, and determining the addition amount of the solid particles of the oil-based mud in the sintering burdening list according to the heat value and the proportioning content of the fuel in the sintering burdening list.
Preferably, the fuel in the sintering batch is coke.
Preferably, the oil-based mud particles are added in an amount determined according to the calorific value of the oil-based mud, in a proportion of 10 to 18% by weight after conversion.
Preferably, the particle size of the solid particles of the oil-based mud is 0.5-3 mm.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention uses the oil-based mud to replace coke as sintering fuel, greatly reduces the use of the coke, can provide a good environment for the pyrolysis of the oil-based mud in the sintering process, can convert oil substances in the oil-based mud into chemical reaction heat and product chemical energy, reduces the sintering production cost, treats the waste while utilizing energy, realizes energy conversion, and enables the waste to be absorbed and recycled, thereby conforming to the environmental protection requirement and sustainable development strategy of China.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a resource utilization method of oil-based mud produced based on sintering according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and embodiments:
as shown in fig. 1, a resource utilization method of oil-based mud produced based on sintering comprises the following steps:
and S1, drying and crushing the oil-based mud to obtain solid particles of the oil-based mud.
Preferably, the particle size of the solid particles of the oil-based mud is 0.5-3 mm.
Specifically, in this example, the drying process was performed under laboratory conditions, and a blower-type drying oven was mainly used in the drying process, and the untreated oil-based mud sample was placed in the drying oven, dried at 100 ℃ for 2 hours, then moved to a drying vessel, cooled to room temperature, weighed, and the above steps were repeated until the weight difference between the sample and the sample was less than 0.005 g. And then grinding the dried oil-based mud sample to enable the granularity of the oil-based mud sample to reach 0.5-3 mm, wherein the granularity is equivalent to that of the sintering fuel coke.
And S2, replacing the fuel in the sintering burdening list with the oil-based mud solid particles for sintering production to obtain the finished sintered ore.
Preferably, the coke in the sintering baton is replaced by oil-based mud solid particles for sintering production, and the method comprises the following steps: and determining the heat value of the solid particles of the oil-based mud, and determining the addition amount of the solid particles of the oil-based mud in the sintering burdening list according to the heat value and the proportioning content of the fuel in the sintering burdening list.
Preferably, the fuel in the sintering batch is coke.
The adding amount of the oil-based mud particles is determined according to the heat value of the oil-based mud, and the converted proportion is 10-18% by weight.
Specifically, the method for measuring the calorific value of the solid particles of the oil-based mud comprises the following steps: first, 1.0g of a sample is weighed into an oxygen bomb, which is charged with high-pressure oxygen and ignited to burn in the bomb. The heat capacity of the oxygen bomb calorimeter used for the test, i.e. the calorific value required for the combustion of 1.0g of benzoic acid (reference calorimeter) under the same parameters of the test run, needs to be determined first before the start of the calorific value determination test. The sample can produce the intensification effect in the calorimetric equipment system before lighting, through making the calibration analysis of additional heat such as ignition heat, the calorific capacity appearance ware can automatic try to get the calorific value of sample. And comparing the heat value with the coke heat value and the proportioning content in the sintering batching sheet, and determining the addition amount of the solid particles of the oil-based mud.
The method is characterized in that a sintering cup, an igniter and a dust removal exhaust system are used for simulating oil-based mud to be used as fuel for sintering production, and the process mainly comprises raw material preparation, sintering, finished product treatment and inspection. The preparation of the raw materials mainly comprises three parts of neutralization, uniform mixing and granulation of the raw materials, the used equipment is a cylindrical mixer, and the adding amount proportion of the oil-based mud solid particles of the raw materials is 10 percent by mass; the sintering process comprises charging and ignition sintering, wherein firstly, a bottom material is paved at the bottom of a sintering cup to protect a grate of the sintering cup, a sintering mixture granulated by a secondary mixer is weighed, then the mixture is added into the sintering cup by adopting a multi-point adding method, a gas and combustion fan is started, an igniter is pushed onto the sintering cup, a main exhaust fan is started simultaneously, the negative pressure of ignition air draft and the ignition time are adjusted, and the igniter is moved after the ignition is finished. And adjusting the air draft negative pressure, and recording the waste gas temperature and the air draft negative pressure change every 2 min. And when the temperature of the waste gas reaches the maximum value, finishing the sintering.
In this embodiment, the method further comprises the steps of performing a falling strength test, a drum index test and a low-temperature reduction degradation performance test on the sintered ore by using equipment such as a drum and a reduction furnace.
And the falling strength test is to put the sintered cake into a falling device, fall for four times at a height of two meters, and then sieve the sintered cake with sieve pores of 40mm, 25mm, 10mm and 5mm to obtain the quality of sintered ore with the particle size of more than 25mm, 25-10 mm, 10-5 mm and less than 5mm, and the quality is used for testing the yield, utilization coefficient and finished product ore particle size composition of the sintered ore.
The drum index of the sintered ore is determined by taking 3kg of sintered ore with the diameter of more than 10mm according to the proportion and adding the sintered ore into a standard 1/5 drum. The diameter of the rotary drum is 1m, the width is 100mm, two symmetrical baffles are arranged in the rotary drum, the revolution is 25r/min, and the time is 8 min. And screening the sinter after the rotary drum, wherein a square-hole sieve with 6.3mm sieve pores is adopted, the percentage of the mass on the sieve in the mass of the drum is the rotary drum index of the sinter, and the index is used for testing the strength index of the sinter.
The low-temperature reduction degradation index is determined by taking 500g plus or minus 1g of sintered ore with the granularity of 10.0 mm-12.5 mm, and statically reducing the sintered ore in a fixed bed by using a reducing gas composed of 20 percent of CO, 20 percent of CO2 and 60 percent of N2 at the temperature of 500 ℃ plus or minus 5 ℃. After 1h of reduction, the sample was cooled to below 100 ℃, the sample was carefully poured out of the reduction tube and its mass measured as mD0, which was then placed in a tumbler, a sealing lid was secured, the tumbler was rotated at 30 r/min. + -.1 r/min with low temperature dust for 300r, all samples were removed from the tumbler, sieved for 60s with a sieve shaker, and the mass of the sample remaining on the sieves of 6.30mm (mD1), 3.15mm (mD2) and 500 μm (mD3) fractions was measured and recorded. The powder lost in the drum test and sieving can be regarded as a fraction of less than 500 μm and is taken into account in its mass.
The reduction degradation index RDI is expressed by mass fraction and calculated according to the formula (1), the formula (2) and the formula (3):
mD0-mass of the front pattern of the drum after reduction, g;
md1-the mass of the sample, g, left on the 6.30mm sieve;
md2-the mass of the sample, g, left on the 3.15mm sieve;
md3-mass of sample, g, remaining on a 500 μm sieve;
RDI+3.15reducing the degradation index, wherein the ratio of oversize matters larger than 3.15mm is percent;
RDI+6.3the reduction intensity index indicates that oversize products are larger than 6.3mm in percentage;
RDI-0.5-abrasion index,% undersize less than 500 μm.
Results evaluation were in RDI+3.15The result of (A) is used as an assessment index, RDI+6.3And RDI-0.5As a reference index.
According to the technical scheme, the oil-based mud is used for replacing coke as the sintering fuel, the oil substances in the solid particles of the oil-based mud can provide 4 x 107J/kg of energy (the heat is close to the heat value of the coke) in the sintering process, the use of the coke is greatly reduced, a good environment can be provided for pyrolysis of the oil-based mud in the sintering process, the oil substances in the solid particles of the oil-based mud can be converted into chemical reaction heat and product chemical energy, the sintering production cost is reduced, the waste is treated while the energy is utilized, the energy conversion is realized, the solid waste is absorbed and recycled, the environment is protected, and the resource recovery and the coordinated development are facilitated.
The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention and common general knowledge in the art of designing and/or characterizing particular aspects and/or features is not described in any greater detail herein. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical solution of the present invention, several variations and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011394285.3A CN112483027A (en) | 2020-12-03 | 2020-12-03 | Oil-based mud resource utilization method based on sintering production |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011394285.3A CN112483027A (en) | 2020-12-03 | 2020-12-03 | Oil-based mud resource utilization method based on sintering production |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112483027A true CN112483027A (en) | 2021-03-12 |
Family
ID=74938948
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011394285.3A Pending CN112483027A (en) | 2020-12-03 | 2020-12-03 | Oil-based mud resource utilization method based on sintering production |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112483027A (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4181494A (en) * | 1976-08-12 | 1980-01-01 | West's Pyro Limited | Process for treating drilling cuttings and mud |
| CN204358736U (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2015-05-27 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司 | Oily rock debris incineration treatment device |
| CN105062524A (en) * | 2015-07-30 | 2015-11-18 | 重庆科技学院 | Metallurgical slag particle waste heat catalyzed brown coal dry distillation quality improvement method |
| CN109265028A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-01-25 | 乐山华宇欣和石油科技有限公司 | The device and method of processing drilling wastes are cooperateed with using cement kiln |
| CN110484231A (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2019-11-22 | 西南石油大学 | A method of low-density propping agent is prepared using oil-base mud waste as raw material |
-
2020
- 2020-12-03 CN CN202011394285.3A patent/CN112483027A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4181494A (en) * | 1976-08-12 | 1980-01-01 | West's Pyro Limited | Process for treating drilling cuttings and mud |
| CN204358736U (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2015-05-27 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司 | Oily rock debris incineration treatment device |
| CN105062524A (en) * | 2015-07-30 | 2015-11-18 | 重庆科技学院 | Metallurgical slag particle waste heat catalyzed brown coal dry distillation quality improvement method |
| CN109265028A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-01-25 | 乐山华宇欣和石油科技有限公司 | The device and method of processing drilling wastes are cooperateed with using cement kiln |
| CN110484231A (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2019-11-22 | 西南石油大学 | A method of low-density propping agent is prepared using oil-base mud waste as raw material |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| （德）戴克思: "《水泥制造工艺技术》", 30 September 2007, 中国建材工业出版社 * |
| 唐贤容等: "《烧结理论与工艺》", 31 October 1992, 中南工业大学出版社 * |
| 张健等: "油基泥浆钻屑物理化学分析与水泥窑处置可行性探讨", 《水泥》 * |
| 柳浩等: "高配比钒钛磁铁精粉富氧烧结试验研究", 《2017年全国高炉炼铁学术年会论文集（下）》 * |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102206091B (en) | Method for making ceramsite by using sludge | |
| CN102249730B (en) | Method for preparing ceramsite by using chemical sludge incineration ash | |
| Grammelis et al. | Effects of biomass co-firing with coal on ash properties. Part I: Characterisation and PSD | |
| Liu et al. | Study on resource utilization of composite powder suppressor prepared from acrylic fiber waste sludge | |
| CN101967063B (en) | Ceramsite prepared from high-silicon fine iron tailings and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102173746A (en) | Method for baking ceramsite by using town sludge, river mud and bentonite | |
| CN109404916A (en) | A kind of incineration of refuse flyash high-temperature fusion harmless treatment process | |
| CN106396729B (en) | A method for preparing lightweight ceramsite filter material by using coal slime | |
| CN101386526A (en) | A method for preparing lightweight ceramsite from urban sewage plant sludge | |
| CN102173745A (en) | Method for baking ceramsite by using town sludge, loess and iron ore powder | |
| CN106699125A (en) | Sintered brick and preparation method thereof | |
| Ma et al. | Municipal sewage sludge product recirculation catalytic pyrolysis mechanism from a kinetic perspective | |
| Chen et al. | Wet dyeing sludge being pelleted and introduce d in clay brick production to promote product quality and sludge consumption dosage | |
| CN102517117B (en) | Method for preparing alternative fuel for cement kiln by using waste paint slag | |
| CN112483027A (en) | Oil-based mud resource utilization method based on sintering production | |
| CN101250457B (en) | Sludge waste particle fuel and preparation technique thereof | |
| CN110054476A (en) | A method of haydite is prepared using domestic sludge cracking gas-producing sintering industrial sludge | |
| CN202097178U (en) | System capable of disposing rubbish to be renewable resources without residue | |
| CN117776765A (en) | Method for cooperatively firing ceramsite by using river and lake sediment and municipal sludge | |
| Kosturkiewicz et al. | Results of Briquetting and Combustion Process on Binder-Free Coking Coal. | |
| CN110655076A (en) | Production process for preparing activated carbon from sludge | |
| RU106243U1 (en) | COMPLEX FOR PROCESSING AND FULL DISPOSAL WITH WASTE WATER DISPOSAL CONSUMPTION | |
| CN102631886B (en) | Preparation method of waste incineration additive with heavy metal trapping function | |
| CN116174440A (en) | Method for solidifying selenium element in household garbage fly ash by high-temperature co-pyrolysis | |
| CN114349452B (en) | Efficient fly ash resource utilization system and method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20210312 |