CN112482780A

CN112482780A - Construction process of building window

Info

Publication number: CN112482780A
Application number: CN202011310359.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邢志涛; 林娜
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Cccc Sangong Bureau Huazhong Construction Henan Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-11-20
Filing date: 2020-11-20
Publication date: 2021-03-12
Anticipated expiration: 2040-11-20
Also published as: CN112482780B

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction process of a building window, which comprises the following steps: s1, customizing a prefabricated part of the window according to a drawing, wherein the prefabricated part is used for avoiding plastering and heat preservation process construction after masonry construction of the window part; s2, customizing an inner template and an outer template of the window according to a drawing and a construction scheme, and solving the problem that the sizes of the window squareness and the windows of the same specification are uniform; s3, building a wall; and S4, installing a window. The construction process for the building window is simple in construction and convenient to maintain, can effectively prevent the window from leaking water and ventilating, and provides convenience for installation and construction of the window.

Description

Construction process of building window

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of window construction on buildings, in particular to a construction process of a building window.

Background

With the development of engineering technology, people have higher and higher requirements on the comfort and heat preservation of houses. In recent years, water leakage and ventilation of windows become a major disadvantage which puzzles residents, and particularly, rainwater flows into a room along the window edge and the window frame is common.

At present, the common construction process of the brick-concrete structure at the window part is as follows: building a window wall, plastering and squaring a window, installing the window and performing heat preservation construction on the window. In the window building and plastering construction process, the squareness and the size of the window are construction key points, and slight errors can influence the window manufacturing. Although, the specific size is given when the opening is made by masonry and plastering, an error exists in actual construction, so that the window has different surrounding gap amount when being installed, has a large size and a small size, cannot be glued, and poor gluing can cause poor sealing, water seepage, looseness and ventilation of the window. Moreover, subsequent heat preservation construction can further aggravate plastering and opening errors.

In addition, the brick body is a brittle material, and the construction of drilling and drilling when installing a window can cause the splitting and the crushing of part of the brick body. Along with daily use and various load effects of the window, the splitting and breaking brick bodies can reduce the solid containing capacity of the expansion bolt, the window is loosened, and the sealant is also damaged.

Although, to the solution of the infiltration of window bottom, except strengthening the management and control, still often set up the turn-ups in window position inboard bottom, can effectively block rivers entering. However, the turned-over edge is generally constructed for the second time by bricks, concrete members or cast-in-place concrete, and sometimes the turned-over edge is not well combined with the original structural layer and is easy to loosen and fall off.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a construction process of a building window, which is simple in construction and can effectively prevent water leakage and ventilation of the window.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a construction process of a building window, which comprises the following steps:

s1, customizing a heat-insulating material prefabricated part of the window according to a drawing;

s2, assembling an inner template and an outer template of the window according to a drawing;

s3, building a wall;

and S4, installing a window.

Preferably, in step S1, one side of the prefabricated part is made of thermal insulation mortar, and the other side of the prefabricated part is provided with a beam and a slab made of fine stone concrete, the concrete surfaces of the beam and the slab are rough surfaces, the inner sides of the beam and the slab are also provided with net-shaped reinforcing materials, the outer sides of the beam and the slab are provided with external steel wires, and the ends of the external steel wires are provided with tie bars hooked with hooks in the wall;

adjusting the whole prefabricated component according to the sizes of the heat-insulating layer and the window to ensure the flatness of the whole surface of the window, and bonding the prefabricated components through cement mortar when the prefabricated components are large in size or too long;

if the upper part of the window is of a ring beam structure, when the size of a section of a prefabricated part is overlarge or the size of the section of the prefabricated part is weak in rigidity and strength, the prefabricated part is placed in sections and then bonded by using adhesive cement;

if the upper part of the window is not provided with the ring beam, the window surface is made into a lintel with a heat-insulating layer when the lintel is used as the lintel.

Preferably, in step S2, the outer form is used for the window frame and the outer side portion of the window, the inner form is used for the inner side of the window frame of the window, the outer form and the inner form are made of metal, and the outer form and the outer side of the inner form are connected by a right-angled L-shaped connecting hook;

after the flanging at the bottom of the inner side of the wall body is built, mortar is laid on the flanging to be level with the flange of the outer template to serve as plastering, a cushion block for supporting the inner template is placed on the mortar, after the inner template is placed, the inner template and the outer template are connected by a connecting hook, and the inner template does not need to be secondarily stabilized;

when the side edge of the window is built upwards, after the prefabricated components on the side edge of the outer template are arranged, the prefabricated components are bonded and built with the wall body by mortar, the turned edge is directly built by the inner template, the mortar layer is used as a plastering layer between the wall body and the template, and the window is formed in one step.

Preferably, the joint parts of the outer template and the inner template are respectively provided with a socket, the inner template and the outer template are respectively connected through the socket to realize closing, framing and fastening, the inner template or the outer template is also provided with a joint, two ends of the joint are provided with sockets, assembly is connected through the sockets, screw fastening is carried out between the joint and the template through an adjusting hole, and the adjusting hole at the upper part of the outer template is also used as a joint of a stable rod connected with a scaffold.

Preferably, the outer template is provided with a preformed hole matched with the window, the hole is directly reserved on the window frame according to the template structure during window manufacturing, drilling operation during installation can be omitted, and reinforcing steel bars are inserted into the preformed hole during masonry, so that the stability of the template is enhanced.

Preferably, in step S3, after the bottom opening of the brick wall is built, the prefabricated part at the bottom of the outer form is placed, and when the outer form is installed, the concrete bulge in the bottom structure of the prefabricated part is used as a reference high level on which the bottom frame is placed when the window is installed, so as to accurately position the window elevation position.

Preferably, in step S4, when the window is installed, the flanges completed during building are both retracted inward compared with the frame, the distance between the flange projected from the inner side of the window and the edge of the outer template of the window is the height of the flange of the outer template, and the flange sunk from the top of the inner template and the ring beam concrete are cast together;

when the window is installed, the window is directly leaned against the outer side of the window flanging, and the expansion nail is nailed after the window is moved transversely and centered.

Therefore, the construction process for the building window is simple in construction and convenient to maintain, and can effectively prevent water leakage and ventilation of the window.

The construction process of the invention advances the plastering and heat preservation construction procedures to the building synchronization by means of the template and adopting the prefabricated member form, changes the plastering and heat preservation construction process, improves the flanging process at the same time, ensures the squareness and the unification of the same specification and size of the window, and further utilizes the flanging effect. In addition, in the aspect of engineering cost, the cost of early-stage construction and later-stage maintenance is low, and the safety construction, quality guarantee, service performance and maintenance work are greatly improved.

The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a window of the present invention in the process of constructing a building window;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a socket in the construction process of a building window according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of an inner form in the construction process of a window of a building according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view of an outer form in the construction process of a window of a building according to the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of a stabilizing rod in the construction process of a building window according to the present invention.

1. A wall body; 2. flanging; 3. an inner template; 4. an outer template; 5. blocking edges; 6. can be jointed; 7. a stabilizing rod; 8. a bell and spigot joint; 9. a connecting hook; 10. and adjusting the hole.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the accompanying drawings and examples.

Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in the present application do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather the terms are used to distinguish one element from another. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item listed before the word covers the element or item listed after the word and its equivalents, but does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described is changed, the relative positional relationships may also be changed accordingly.

As shown in the figure, the construction process of the building window comprises the following steps:

and S1, customizing a prefabricated part of the window according to a drawing, wherein the prefabricated part is used for avoiding plastering and heat preservation construction after masonry construction of the window part.

One side of the prefabricated member is heat-insulating mortar, and the other side is equipped with beam and slab made of fine stone concrete. The concrete surface and the beam and the plate are internally provided with reticular reinforced materials for enhancing the rigidity and the strength of the member. The concrete surface of the member is made to have certain roughness, the steel wire is arranged outside, the end of the steel wire which leaks outside is provided with a hook, so that the steel wire is hooked with a tie bar (one end of the tie bar is also provided with a hook) arranged in the side wall masonry, the steel wire of the top member extends into the concrete of the beam part, and the connection of the member and the wall body 1 is strengthened.

And arranging an integral prefabricated part according to the sizes of the heat-insulating layer and the window so as to ensure the flatness of the integral surface of the window. When the size of the member is larger or overlong, the member can be formed by bonding a plurality of pieces of cement mortar.

And S2, customizing an inner template and an outer template of the window according to the drawing.

The outer form 4 is used for the window frame and the outer side part of the window, and the inner form 3 is used for the inner side of the window frame of the window. In order to increase the strength, the connection part of the template surface and the square tube can be made into an arc shape. The inner and outer sets of templates are beneficial to mounting and dismounting the flanging 2 construction template. The outer template and the inner template are made of metal materials, have certain strength and rigidity, and can effectively ensure the squareness and the uniform size of the templates.

The outer template is connected with the fixing component 6 of the inner template through a right-angle L-shaped connecting hook 9, so that the inner template and the outer template are tightened, and secondary stability of the inner template is avoided.

And each side of the outer template and each side of the inner template are respectively provided with a socket, and the outer template and the inner template are respectively adjusted and fastened through the sockets. The socket is provided with an adjusting hole 10 for adjusting length operation, eliminating the compression stress of the template and facilitating the removal. The gap at the socket opening is wound by an adhesive tape after assembly, and if the size of the window is overlarge, the gap can be additionally supported to ensure the bearing and squareness of the template.

The outer template is provided with a preformed hole matched with the window, and steel bars or other materials with the specification matched with the expansion nails are inserted into the wall body (the end of the steel bars or other materials entering the wall can be wound with adhesive tapes to be conveniently pulled out) during masonry so as to strengthen the stability of the template during masonry. When the window is manufactured, the holes are directly reserved on the window frame according to the template structure, drilling operation during installation can be omitted, construction difficulty is low, time is reduced, and dangerousness is reduced.

The adjusting hole is provided with a stabilizing rod 7 connected with the scaffold, the inner side of the rod body on one side of the hook body on the stabilizing rod is provided with a telescopic rod, a fastening telescopic rod screw is arranged above the rod body of the stabilizing rod, and the supporting length of the stabilizing rod is adjusted by adjusting the deep distance of the telescopic rod. The end of the telescopic rod is provided with an arc clamping frame connected with the scaffold, so that the connection with the scaffold is realized. Parallel fixing nuts are welded on the hook body at the front end of the stabilizing rod, and right-angle Z-shaped auxiliary hooks are arranged in screw holes of the fixing nuts. The auxiliary hook is provided with threads corresponding to the screw holes, so that the auxiliary hook can rotate in the fixing nut. When the fixing rod is used, the front section hook body and the auxiliary hook are hooked into the adjusting hole in the same direction and then the reserved handle of the auxiliary hook is screwed, the hook body at the top of the auxiliary hook is tightly extruded with the template, and the stable connection of the fixing rod and the template is guaranteed.

And S3, building the wall.

After the bottom opening of the brick wall is built, the prefabricated part at the bottom of the outer template is placed, and the outer template is installed after the prefabricated part is leveled. The height of the concrete bulge in the prefabricated part structure of the bottom is matched with the position elevation of the bottom frame when the window is installed.

In the construction process, the formwork and the scaffold are simply and stably connected, after the inside bottom flanging is built, mortar is laid on the bottom flanging to be level with the flange 5 of the outer formwork, and a cushion block for supporting the inner formwork is placed on the mortar. After the inner template is placed, the fixing components between the inner template and the outer template are connected by the connecting hooks, and the inner template does not need to be stabilized for the second time.

And when the side edge of the window is built upwards, the prefabricated components on the side edge of the outer template are placed, mortar is used for bonding and building, steel wires are arranged outside the beam and the plate components, and the ends of the steel wires are provided with hooks and are hooked with bonding ribs in the wall, so that the connection strength of the joint is increased. The side edge of the inner formwork is directly built with a turned edge, a mortar layer is used as a plastering layer between the wall and the formwork, and the inner formwork is formed in one step.

The upper part of the window is mostly of a ring beam structure and is used for a prefabricated part at the upper end, and when the prefabricated part is too large in size or is in section size with weak rigidity and strength, a mode of sectionally placing and then bonding by using glue is adopted. And the upper sinking flanging of the inner template and the ring beam concrete are poured together. After the mould is removed, if the flanging is provided with edge burrs, the edge burrs are polished to be neat, and the step of plastering on the upper opening is omitted.

And S4, installing a window.

When the window is installed, the flanges are retracted inwards compared with the frame edges, the shrinkage value is set to be about 5mm, the distance between each flange and the edge of the window outer template is about 20mm, and the height of the flange of the outer template is equal to that of the flange of the window outer template.

Therefore, the window is tightly attached to the flanging, the air circulation can be reduced, the heat insulation of the window is facilitated, the allowance of the inner opening and the outer opening is fixed after the window is installed, the uniform customization and good appearance of a constructed finished product of the window board are facilitated, and the size uniformity of external heat insulation is facilitated. The window installation is stabilized the impetus occasionally, and it is better to expand bolt reservation eye position control, the construction of being convenient for. The synchronous construction of the flanging is firmer and more labor-saving compared with the secondary construction.

When the window is installed, the concrete bulge reserved at the bottom opening can be used as a reference high layer, the window is directly leaned against the window flanging, and the expansion nail is nailed after the window is transversely moved in the middle, so that the window is convenient and efficient.

The template is made of light materials, so that the self-supporting strength is met, and meanwhile, the template is not easy to deform and convenient to install. Furthermore, stress can be eliminated when the sheet is pressed by external force. The size of the template can be adjusted through the joint so as to adapt to the assembly of different window sizes and be repeatedly utilized for multiple times. The template can guarantee the square of window and to the accurate demand of size, gives better guarantee to the installation quality of window, drilling dangerous operation when can also avoiding the installation window. The expansion nail holes are reserved on the template, and the solid-containing stability of the wall body to the window can be enhanced. After the template is utilized, the measurement work before the window is manufactured is omitted, and the unification of the windows with the same specification is more beneficial to the work of manufacturing the window according to each window.

The use of the member changes the common plastering and heat-insulating construction process into masonry, greatly improves the convenience of construction, can eliminate common quality defects of the plastering and heat-insulating construction process, and ensures the construction quality. The part of the prefabricated part can be raised and designed, so that the construction of window installation can be facilitated, and the accuracy of the position of a window is guaranteed.

The window flanging is formed in one step, so that the construction is more convenient than the construction of a secondary structure during construction, the quality is more ensured, and the heat insulation effect of the window part is also improved. Utilize the turn-ups to install the window, the better operation of workman's construction reduces the activity duration, reduces construction danger.

For a high-rise or building project with more buildings, a construction unit directly customizes the template, so that the overall economy of the project is reduced, and the cost is not increased or even saved compared with the construction cost of subsequent processes. The labor cost of the workers can be properly adjusted according to the increasing and decreasing difficulty of the construction, but the cost is greatly reduced along with the increase of the labor cost.

For the window with the attached frame, although the peripheral ring of the frame is not used for heat preservation, the frame edge still needs to be refitted for the second time after the attached frame is installed, or plastering or gluing and the like, and the operation can be omitted by applying the template.

Therefore, the construction process of the building window is simple in construction and convenient to maintain, and can effectively prevent water leakage and ventilation of the window.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The construction process of the building window is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s3, building a wall;

and S4, installing a window.

2. The construction process of a building window according to claim 1, wherein: in step S1, one side of the prefabricated component is thermal insulation mortar, the other side is provided with a beam and a plate of fine stone concrete, the surface of the concrete surface of the beam and the plate is rough, the inner side of the concrete surface of the beam and the plate is also provided with a reticular reinforcing material, the outer side of the concrete surface of the beam and the plate is provided with an external steel wire, and the end of the external steel wire is provided with a hook head which is connected with a hook body which is hooked by a tie bar provided with a hook in the wall of the wall body;

if no ring beam is arranged on the upper part of the window, the upper part of the window is of a lintel structure, and the surface of the window is made into the lintel with a heat-insulating layer.

3. The construction process of a building window according to claim 2, wherein: in step S2, the outer form is used for the window frame and the outer side of the window, the inner form is used for the inner side of the window frame of the window, the outer form and the inner form are made of metal, and the outer form and the outer side of the inner form are fixed by a right-angled L-shaped connecting hook;

after the flanging at the bottom of the inner side of the wall body is built, mortar is laid on the flanging to be level with the flanges of the outer templates to serve as plastering, a cushion block for supporting the inner templates is placed on the mortar, after the inner templates are placed, the inner templates and the outer templates are connected through a connecting hook, and the inner templates do not need to be secondarily stabilized.

4. A construction process of building windows as claimed in claim 3, wherein: when the side edge of the window is built upwards, after the prefabricated components on the side edge of the outer template are arranged, the prefabricated components are bonded and built with the wall body by mortar, the turned edge is directly built by the inner template, the mortar layer is used as a plastering layer between the wall body and the template, and the window is formed in one step.

5. The construction process of a building window according to claim 2, wherein: the joint of the outer template and the inner template is provided with a socket, the inner template and the outer template are respectively connected through the socket to realize closing, framing and fastening, the inner template or the outer template is also provided with a joint, two ends of the joint are provided with sockets, the sockets are assembled and connected through the sockets, the joint and the inner template or the outer template are also fastened through a screw rod through an adjusting hole, and the adjusting hole at the upper part of the outer template is also used as a joint of a stabilizing rod connected with a scaffold.

6. The construction process of a building window according to claim 2, wherein: be equipped with the preformed hole that matches with the window on the exterior sheathing, directly leave the hole on the window frame according to the template structure during the window preparation, the drilling operation during the installation all can be saved to insert the reinforcing bar in building by laying bricks or stones the in-process preformed hole, strengthen the firm to the template.

7. A construction process of building windows as claimed in claim 3, wherein: in step S3, after the bottom opening of the brick wall is built, the prefabricated part at the bottom of the outer template is placed, when the outer template is installed, the concrete bulge in the bottom structure of the prefabricated part is used as a reference high layer, the position of the bottom frame is placed on the prefabricated part when the window is installed, and the height position of the window is accurately positioned.

8. A construction process of building windows as claimed in claim 3, wherein: in step S4, when the window is installed, the flange finished during building is retracted inwards compared with the frame edge, the distance between the flange projected from the inner side of the window and the edge of the outer template of the window is the height of the flange of the outer template, and the flange sunk from the top of the inner template and the ring beam concrete are cast and molded together;