CN112482186A - High-strength glued wood beam bridge convenient to manufacture and construct and manufacturing and construction method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength glued wood beam bridge convenient to manufacture and construct and manufacturing and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112482186A CN112482186A CN202011494118.6A CN202011494118A CN112482186A CN 112482186 A CN112482186 A CN 112482186A CN 202011494118 A CN202011494118 A CN 202011494118A CN 112482186 A CN112482186 A CN 112482186A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D1/00—Bridges in general
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
- B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
- B27D1/04—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring to produce plywood or articles made therefrom; Plywood sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
- B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
- B27D1/10—Butting blanks of veneer; Joining same along edges; Preparatory processing of edges, e.g. cutting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
- B27M3/00—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
- E01D19/10—Railings; Protectors against smoke or gases, e.g. of locomotives; Maintenance travellers; Fastening of pipes or cables to bridges
- E01D19/103—Parapets, railings ; Guard barriers or road-bridges
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
- E01D19/12—Grating or flooring for bridges; Fastening railway sleepers or tracks to bridges
- E01D19/125—Grating or flooring for bridges
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D21/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for erecting or assembling bridges
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D2101/00—Material constitution of bridges
- E01D2101/10—Wood
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D2101/00—Material constitution of bridges
- E01D2101/30—Metal
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- Architecture (AREA)
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- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-strength glued wood beam bridge convenient to manufacture and construct and a manufacturing and construction method thereof. The laminated wood bridge consists of a laminated wood support frame, a laminated wood bridge deck plate and a laminated wood guardrail, wherein the laminated wood support frame comprises a plurality of main beam mechanisms consisting of laminated wood main beams and laminated wood transverse partition beams, and the laminated wood bridge deck plate consists of a transverse laminated wood plate and a prismatic pattern steel plate. The manufacturing method of the glued wood beam bridge comprises the steps of material preparation, material processing, laminated plate assembly and gluing, post-processing and the like, and the construction method comprises the steps of construction preparation, on-site assembling and hoisting, bridge deck system installation and the like. On one hand, the high-strength glued wood beam bridge convenient to manufacture and construct is safe and reliable, and high in bearing capacity and strength; on the other hand, the provided manufacturing method solves the problem that the existing glued wood material is difficult to operate and process in industrial production, and the manufacturing difficulty is low; in addition, the construction method provided by the aspect is convenient to construct, low in operation strength and good in construction quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wood structure bridges, and relates to a high-strength glued wood beam bridge convenient to manufacture and construct and a manufacturing and construction method thereof.
Background
China now advocates the development of modern wood structure buildings and determines the construction as one of three major fabricated structure systems in China. The laminated wood as a novel building material is widely applied to modern wood structure buildings, and the laminated wood structure buildings have the advantages of environmental protection, high strength-weight ratio, good anti-seismic performance, high assembly degree, short construction period, harmony, beauty and the like, and realize the large span of the performance of engineering materials. Based on the excellent performance of the laminated wood material, the laminated wood structure with simple process, convenient construction and beautiful appearance is applied to the construction of landscape pedestrian bridges, medium and small-span highway bridges, mountain areas and low-grade highway bridges, and great environmental protection, economic and social benefits are brought.
Although the length and thickness of the laminated wood material can be improved by processing, in the engineering, for practical operation and transportation limitation, it is not suitable to directly process the components with the overlarge full-bridge length size, and a connection mode is still needed to realize the connection and extension of the laminated wood components: the standard and standardized bolt connecting piece is generally used in the connection of modern glued wood structures, and the bolt connection has the advantages of high standardization degree, convenience in disassembly and assembly, capability of connecting different materials and the like. Compared with the nail connection, the diameter of the bolt used in the bolt connection is larger than that of the nail, so that the bolt connection has higher strength; compared with the tooth connection, the bolt connection has higher bearing capacity than the tooth connection, and can be suitable for various wood structures. And if cut board and split ring connection, pinion rack connection, bar planting etc. comparatively loaded down with trivial details, the degree of difficulty is great in production and installation, can only use under the special circumstances. In addition, the mechanical properties of the bolted connection can be reinforced with steel clamping plates, compared with steel filling plates: the steel splint need not to carry out the fluting processing to wooden member, and the preparation degree of difficulty greatly reduced to get into the foreign matter easily in the gap of wooden member fluting back and steel filler plate and cause the hidden danger.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-strength glued wood beam bridge which is convenient to manufacture and construct, safe and reliable, and high in bearing capacity and strength.
The invention also aims to provide the manufacturing method of the glued wood beam bridge with high strength and convenient manufacturing and construction, which solves the problem that the existing glued wood material is difficult to operate and process in industrial production and has low manufacturing difficulty.
The invention also aims to provide the construction method of the glued wood beam bridge with high strength and convenient construction, which has the advantages of convenient construction, low operation strength, good construction quality and low consumption.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a veneer wood beam bridge of construction is conveniently makeed to excel in, includes the veneer wood support frame and lays the veneer wood bridge panel on the veneer wood support frame: the laminated wood support frame comprises a plurality of main beam mechanisms extending along the longitudinal direction and laminated wood cross beams extending along the transverse direction, wherein the main beam mechanisms are formed by serially splicing a plurality of laminated wood main beams through first steel plates and first bolts on two sides, adjacent main beam mechanisms are connected through the laminated wood cross beams, and two ends of each laminated wood cross beam are connected with the main beam mechanisms through second steel plates and second bolts; the laminated wood bridge deck is formed by connecting a transverse laminated wood board and prismatic pattern steel plates which cover two sides of the transverse laminated wood board and are provided with reserved holes through screws, the prismatic pattern steel plates are fixed on a laminated wood support frame through the screws, and laminated wood guardrails are assembled and fixed on two sides of a laminated wood bridge deck board.
Furthermore, two sides of a joint of the adjacent laminated wood main beams in the lengthening direction are respectively provided with a first steel plate, the laminated wood main beams are clamped from the two sides, and a first bolt sequentially penetrates through a spring washer, the first steel plate positioned on one side of the laminated wood main beam, the first steel plate positioned on the other side of the laminated wood main beam and a gasket and then is connected with a locking nut, so that steel clamp plate-bolt connection between the adjacent laminated wood main beams is realized.
Furthermore, both sides at both ends of the laminated wood transverse partition beam are provided with second steel plates, the second steel plates are L-shaped steel plates matched with the shape of the joint of the laminated wood transverse partition beam and the laminated wood main beam, the transverse parts of the L-shaped steel plates are connected with the laminated wood transverse partition beam through second bolts, and the longitudinal parts of the L-shaped steel plates are connected with the main beam mechanism through second bolts.
The other technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a method for manufacturing a high-strength glued wood beam bridge convenient to manufacture and construct comprises the following steps of:
step 1: preparing materials: the method comprises the following steps of preparing sawn timber and drying treatment: the sawn timber is prepared by processing logs with circular cross sections into sawn timber with rectangular cross sections, wherein the length direction of the sawn timber is the longitudinal direction of the timber, and the width direction or the thickness direction of the sawn timber is the transverse direction of the timber; the drying treatment is to control the water content of the sawn timber to be 8-12%;
step 2: material processing: comprises material classification and sawing: the material grading is to grade the materials of the laminates of the sawn timber by combining visual grading for observing defects and mechanical grading for detecting elastic modulus; the sawn timber processing is to select the quality grade, the size and the grain direction of the laminated timber according to the specific requirements of the glued timber beam component, and then carry out finger joint tenon or other processing with shape, specification and size and surface roughness reduction on the sawn timber according to the gluing requirement;
and step 3: the method comprises the following steps of laminating group blank and laminating gluing: the laminated plate group blank is in a different-grade combination form in the processing of the laminated wood main beam and the laminated wood diaphragm beam component, namely, the material grade of the laminated plate at the edge part of a tension area is higher than that of the laminated plate at a compression area, in addition, the top surface needs to be marked, and the top surface is vertical to the load borne by the laminated wood main beam; for the transverse glued wood board, an orthogonal combined structure form is adopted, namely sawn wood laminated boards with transverse grains and longitudinal grains are arranged in a staggered mode, and the number of the laminated boards is odd; the laminated wood guardrail adopts wood laminates with lower grades, or sawn timber with smaller sizes left after the defective sawn timber and the laminates of the laminated wood main beams are removed, and the sawn timber is glued. In the plywood gluing, an RPF resin adhesive prepared from resorcinol-phenol-formaldehyde is adopted to carry out lengthening and thickness splicing on sawn timber, wherein finger joint is adopted for lengthening and thickness splicing, butt joint is adopted for thickness splicing, the annual ring direction of each plywood is consistent, and the gluing surface is vertical to the load direction;
and 4, step 4: and (3) post-processing: curing and component processing: curing and maintaining, namely, after the adhesive is cured under the specified conditions and reaches the initial strength, releasing the pressure, and then placing the cured adhesive in a place with stable specified temperature and humidity; the component processing is to further process the glued wood component by sawing, planing and drilling.
Further, in the step 3, the addition amount of the paraformaldehyde in the adhesive is 15% of the mass of the resin, the adhesive is uniformly coated without shortage, and the single-side coating amount is 250-300 g/m2。
Further, when the step 3 is used for gluing, the pressing temperature is 80 ℃, the pressing time is 1h, the gluing pressure is 1.5MPa, the pressure is removed after the adhesive is cured and reaches the initial strength, the adhesive is placed in the room temperature for curing for 72h, then the next step of processing can be carried out, the pressure is applied for 150 minutes at the temperature of more than 20 ℃, the curing time is correspondingly increased along with the reduction of the temperature, but the temperature cannot be lower than 18 ℃.
The invention adopts another technical scheme that: a construction method of a high-strength glued wood beam bridge convenient to manufacture and construct comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: construction preparation: the method comprises the following steps of foundation construction and component transportation: the foundation construction adopts an enlarged foundation, the foundation is designed according to a load value provided by bridge design data, the foundation is determined according to the design data and the geological condition of a service area, and the paying-off construction precision requirement is 1 mm; the component transportation is to number components prefabricated in a factory, wherein the top surfaces of the laminated wood main beams and the laminated wood transverse partition beams need to be marked, and then the components are transported to a field assembly area according to a construction plan;
step two: assembling and hoisting on site: assembling the laminated wood support frame and hoisting the laminated wood support frame: the laminated wood support frame comprises a main beam mechanism and a laminated wood transverse beam mechanism, wherein the main beam mechanism is formed by splicing and extending a plurality of laminated wood main beams, first steel plates are arranged on two sides of joints of the laminated wood main beams adjacent to each other in the extending direction to clamp the laminated wood main beams from two sides, then a spring washer, the first steel plate on one side of each laminated wood main beam, the laminated wood transverse beam, the first steel plate on the other side of each laminated wood main beam and a gasket are sequentially penetrated through a first bolt, and then a locking nut is connected, so that the extension of the plurality of sections of laminated wood main beams is realized after the laminated wood main beams are connected for; two sides of two ends of the laminated wood diaphragm beam are provided with second L-shaped drilling steel plates, and then the laminated wood diaphragm beam is connected with the main beam mechanism by adopting the same bolt connection method to finally form a laminated wood support frame; hoisting the glued wood support frame, namely hoisting the mounted glued wood support frame to a specified position;
step three: installing a bridge deck system: including installation glued wood decking, prismatic decorative pattern steel sheet and glued wood guardrail: fixing a plurality of transverse laminated wood boards on the laminated wood support frame through screws, covering prismatic pattern steel plates on two sides of the transverse laminated wood boards, connecting the prismatic pattern steel plates through the screws to form a laminated wood bridge deck, and finally splicing the laminated wood guardrails and fixing the laminated wood guardrails on two sides of the bridge deck through the screws.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following characteristics:
1. the parts of the beam bridge are made of wood with different strengths and sizes to meet the mechanical requirements of different parts, and compared with the existing process of carrying out mixed gluing on wood with different strengths or only adopting high-strength wood, the method can fully utilize the original wood and save wood resources.
2. The width of the steel plate is consistent with the height of the beam, the steel plate does not need special welding, the laminated wood does not need internal grooving and only needs external drilling, and the used bolts are standard common bolts. Therefore, the damage to the integrity of the laminated wood and the wood fiber is reduced as much as possible, the used materials are standard parts, the standard parts are convenient for standardized production and processing, the flow is simple in the processing, and the installation is convenient and quick.
3. In the laminated wood support frame under the bridge floor, adjacent laminated wood main beams are connected through a plurality of laminated wood transverse partition beams by using L-shaped steel plates and bolts, so that laminated wood beam lattices are formed. Therefore, the bridge deck is not deformed too much, pedestrians are more comfortable, the overall stability can be still ensured even if a certain section of cross beam is damaged, and the replacement of parts is also more convenient.
In conclusion, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the high-strength glued wood beam bridge convenient to manufacture and construct disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, low manufacturing difficulty, high bearing strength, safety, reliability and convenience in construction, and therefore, the glued wood beam bridge can be widely applied to modern wood structure bridges. On one hand, the manufacturing method of the laminated wood member provided by the invention can scientifically grade the laminated boards, has stable gluing effect, high shear strength and high finger joint strength, is safe and economical, can fully utilize the wood laminated boards with different strengths, and reduces the using amount of wood materials; on the other hand, the construction method of the glued wood beam bridge has the advantages of short construction period, no influence by seasons, less labor force required by construction, low operation strength, high construction quality and low construction consumption.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a ply finger bonding process.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of ply stacking and gluing.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a glued wood beam bridge with high strength and convenient manufacturing and construction.
Fig. 4 is a front view of fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a left side view of fig. 3.
Fig. 6 is a top view of fig. 3.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the joint of adjacent balsa main beams.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the laminated wood main girder.
Fig. 9 is a front view of a laminated wood support frame.
Fig. 10 is a left side view of the balsa support stand.
Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of a laminated wood diaphragm.
Fig. 12 is a side view of fig. 11.
Fig. 13 is a top view of fig. 11.
In the figure: 1-laminated wood guardrail, 2-laminated wood main beam, 3-first steel plate, 4-first bolt, 5-transverse laminated wood plate, 6-prismatic pattern steel plate, 7-screw, 8-laminated wood diaphragm beam, 9-second steel plate, 10-spring washer, 11-gasket, 12-locking nut and 13-second bolt.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The structural schematic diagram of the high-strength glued wood beam bridge convenient to manufacture and construct is shown in fig. 3-6, and comprises a glued wood support frame shown in fig. 9 and a glued wood bridge floor paved on the glued wood support frame shown in fig. 6, wherein the glued wood support frame comprises a plurality of main beam mechanisms extending along the longitudinal direction and shown in fig. 8 and glued wood cross beams 8 extending along the transverse direction, each main beam mechanism is formed by serially splicing a plurality of glued wood main beams 2 through first steel plates 3 and first bolts 4 on two sides, adjacent main beam mechanisms are connected through the glued wood cross beams 8, and two ends of each glued wood cross beam 8 are connected with the main beam mechanisms through second steel plates 9 and second bolts 13 (see fig. 10). The transverse glued wood board 5 and the prismatic pattern steel plate 6 with the reserved holes are fixed on the glued wood supporting frame through the screws 7 to form the glued wood bridge deck (the reserved holes are arranged near the corners of the thin prismatic pattern steel plate, then the screws 7 penetrate through the glued wood board 5 and are screwed, so the connection is reliable, the assembly and disassembly are convenient, the replacement of later maintenance is convenient, the cost is low, and the construction standardization degree is high. And the glued wood guardrails 1 are assembled and fixed on the two sides of the bridge floor to finally form a complete glued wood beam bridge with high strength and convenient manufacturing and construction.
As shown in fig. 7, the girder mechanism is formed by splicing and extending a plurality of laminated wood girders 2, wherein first steel plates 3 are arranged on two sides of a joint of the laminated wood girders 2 adjacent to each other in the extending direction to clamp the laminated wood girders 2 from the two sides, and then a first bolt 4 sequentially penetrates through a spring washer 10, the first steel plate 3 located on one side of the laminated wood girder 2, the first steel plate 3 located on the other side of the laminated wood girder 2, and a gasket 11 to connect with a lock nut 12, so that steel clamp plate-bolt connection between the adjacent laminated wood girders 2 is realized. As shown in fig. 11 to 13, the second steel plates 9 are respectively disposed on two sides of two ends of the laminated wood beam 8, the second steel plates 9 are L-shaped steel plates matching with the shape of the joint of the laminated wood beam 8 and the laminated wood main beam 2, the transverse portions of the L-shaped steel plates are bolted to the laminated wood beam 8 through second bolts 13, and the longitudinal portions of the L-shaped steel plates are bolted to the main beam mechanism through second bolts 13.
A method for manufacturing a high-strength glued wood beam bridge convenient to manufacture and construct as shown in fig. 1 and 2, comprising the following steps:
step 1: preparing materials: comprises the steps of preparing sawn timber and drying treatment. The sawn timber is prepared by processing logs with circular cross sections into sawn timber with rectangular cross sections, wherein the length direction of the sawn timber is the longitudinal direction of the timber, and the width direction or the thickness direction of the sawn timber is the transverse direction of the timber. The drying treatment is to control the water content of the sawn timber to be 8-12%.
Step 2: material processing: comprises material classification and sawing. The material grading is to grade the material of the laminate of the sawn timber by combining visual grading for observing defects and mechanical grading for detecting elastic modulus according to visual grading and mechanical grading laminate material grade standards of technical Specification for laminated Wood Structure GB 50708-. The sawn timber processing is to select the quality grade, the size and the texture (namely, annual ring) direction of the laminated timber according to the specific requirements of the glued timber beam member, and then to carry out finger joint tenon or other processing with shape, specification and size and surface roughness reduction on the sawn timber according to the gluing requirements.
And step 3: and (3) carrying out combined glue splicing on the obtained sawn timber with the size and the shape meeting the requirements: comprises a laminated plate group blank and laminated plate gluing. The laminated plate group blank is used for the laminated wood main beam and the laminated wood diaphragm beam component, because the bottom is easy to be damaged by tension, the laminated plate combination adopts a different equal combination structure form, namely the wood layer plate quality at the edge part of a tension area is higher than that of a laminated plate in a compression area, in addition, the top surface needs to be marked, and the top surface is vertical to the load borne by the laminated wood main beam; the laminated board gluing adopts resorcinol-phenol-formaldehyde resin adhesive to carry out lengthening and thickness splicing on sawn timber: adopting a finger tenon gluing process (shown in figure 1) in material lengthening, adopting butt joint (shown in figure 2) in material thickening, and paying attention to the annual ring direction consistency of each layer plate to avoid the peeling stress of a glue layer, wherein a gluing surface is vertical to a load direction; in order to have good durability, comfortable pedestrian driving and good road fatigue performance when gluing the wood bridge deck, an orthogonal combination structure form is adopted, namely sawn wood laminates with transverse grains and longitudinal grains are arranged in a staggered mode, and the number of the laminates is odd; the laminated wood guardrail is not directly loaded, so that the laminated wood board with lower grade is adopted, or sawn timber with smaller size left after the sawn timber with defects and the laminated board of the laminated wood main beam are removed is processed, and the sawn timber is glued.
Wherein, the water content of the wood laminate to be glued is controlled to be 8-12%, so that the mechanical property and the gluing strength of the wood are not influenced, and the deformation of the wood can be effectively controlled to ensure the smooth gluing process. The gluing surface needs to be planed smoothly and immediately glued and pressed, and the sawing direction of the laminate does not need to be considered. The adhesive is an RPF resin adhesive prepared from resorcinol, phenol and formaldehyde, wherein the addition amount of the paraformaldehyde is 15% of the mass of the resin, the gluing is uniform and can not be short, and the gluing amount of a single side is 250-300 g/m2: tests show that the resin curing time is influenced by the addition of paraformaldehyde, and the resin curing time is shortest when the addition is 15%; the glue coating amount of standard laminated plate with the area of width multiplied by thickness multiplied by length multiplied by 150 multiplied by 30 multiplied by 2010mm is 50 to 300g/m on one side2Too much will overflow, and too little will result in insufficient bonding strength. The temperature of a pressing plate is 80 ℃, the pressing time is 1h, and the gluing pressure is 1.5MPa (experiments show that the influence of the temperature and the pressure of the pressing plate on the shearing strength of the RPF resin adhesive is large, the influence of the time of the pressing plate on the shearing strength is very small, the gluing strength is reduced due to too small gluing pressure, and the adhesive is extruded to reduce the strength due to too large gluing pressure, the adhesive curing effect is the best when the temperature of the pressing plate is 80 ℃, the pressing time is 1h, and the gluing pressure is 1.5 MPa), the pressure is removed after the adhesive is cured and reaches the initial strength, the pressing plate is placed in the room temperature for curing for 72h, the next processing can be carried out, generally, the pressing is carried out for more than 20 ℃ for 150 minutes, the curing time is correspondingly.
And 4, step 4: and (3) post-processing: including curing and component processing. Curing and curing are carried out, namely pressure is removed after the adhesive is cured and reaches initial strength under specified conditions, and then the cured product is placed in a place with specified temperature and humidity stability. The member processing is to smooth the surface of the laminated wood member by sawing and planing, and further to plane and drill holes so that the laminated wood member can be assembled into a whole by steel plates and bolts.
An assembly construction method of a high-strength glued wood beam bridge convenient to manufacture and construct comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: construction preparation: including foundation construction and component transportation. The foundation construction adopts an enlarged foundation, the foundation is designed according to a load value provided by bridge design data, the foundation is determined according to the design data and the geological condition of a service area, and the paying-off construction precision requirement is 1 mm; the component transportation is to number the components prefabricated in the factory, wherein the top surfaces of the laminated wood main beams and the laminated wood transverse partition beams need to be marked, and then the components are transported to a field assembly area according to a construction plan.
Step two: assembling and hoisting on site: the method comprises the assembly of the laminated wood support frame and the hoisting of the laminated wood support frame. The laminated wood support frame comprises a main beam mechanism and a transverse beam mechanism, as shown in fig. 7, the main beam mechanism is formed by splicing and extending a plurality of laminated wood main beams 2, first steel plates 3 are arranged on two sides of joints of the laminated wood main beams 2 adjacent to each other in the extending direction, the laminated wood main beams 2 are clamped from two sides, and then a first bolt 4 sequentially penetrates through a spring washer 10, the first steel plates 3 located on one side of the laminated wood main beams 2, the first steel plates 3 located on the other side of the laminated wood main beams 2 and a gasket 11 to be connected with a locking nut 12, so that steel clamp plate-bolt connection between the adjacent laminated wood main beams 2 is realized. As shown in fig. 11, the second steel plates 9 are respectively disposed on two sides of two ends of the laminated wood beam 8, the second steel plates 9 are L-shaped steel plates matching with the shape of the joint of the laminated wood beam 8 and the laminated wood main beam 2, the transverse portions of the L-shaped steel plates are bolted to the laminated wood beam 8 through second bolts 13, and the longitudinal portions of the L-shaped steel plates are bolted to the main beam mechanism through second bolts 13. And finally hoisting the steel plate to a specified position.
Step three: installing a bridge deck system: comprises a glued wood bridge deck, a prismatic pattern steel plate and a glued wood guardrail. The transverse laminated wood board 5 is transversely laid on the whole laminated wood support frame formed by the laminated wood main beam mechanism and the laminated wood transverse beam and is fixed through the screws 7, prismatic-pattern steel plates 6 are covered on two sides of the transverse laminated wood board 5 along the longitudinal direction, and the prismatic-pattern steel plates 6 are connected with the transverse laminated wood board 5 through the screws to form the laminated wood bridge deck. And finally splicing the prefabricated multiple sections of the laminated wood guardrails in advance and fixing the spliced multiple sections of the laminated wood guardrails on two sides of the laminated wood bridge deck through screws to form the laminated wood bridge which is high in strength and convenient to manufacture and construct, as shown in figures 3-6 (wherein figures 4-6 are auxiliary views of figure 3).
Examples
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by taking a 12m span foot bridge as an example:
in the laminated wood support frame, 4 main beam mechanisms are arranged, the length of each main beam mechanism is 12000mm, and each main beam mechanism is formed by jointing 3 laminated wood main beams 2 with the length of 4000mm, the width of 300mm and the height of 700 mm; the thickness of the first steel plate 3 is 10mm, the length is 1100mm, and the width is 700 mm; the first bolt 4 has a diameter of 20 mm.
In the beam mechanism, the length of the laminated wood beam spacer 8 is 933.3mm, the width is 200mm, and the height is 600 mm; the second steel plate 9 is formed by welding two steel plates with the thickness of 10mm, the length of 600mm and the width of 200mm along the length direction and vertically forming an L shape; the second bolt 13 has a diameter of 10 mm.
In the laminated wood bridge deck, the thickness of a single transverse laminated wood board 5 of the laminated wood bridge deck is 40mm, the length is 3700mm, and the width is 400mm, and then the bridge deck is formed by splicing; the diameter of the screw 7 is 10mm, and the transverse laminated wood board 5 can be fixed on the laminated wood main beam 2 of the main beam mechanism; the thickness of the prismatic pattern steel plate 6 is 5mm, and the width of the prismatic pattern steel plate is 800 mm.
In addition, the yield mode and the shearing resistance and influencing factors of the connection mode are also explored by manufacturing a steel splint-bolt connection laminated wood connector: firstly, three failure modes of the steel splint-bolt connection laminated wood are found, wherein the first failure mode is that the laminated wood pin slot bearing failure occurs due to small thickness or insufficient strength of the laminated wood; the second is that the bolt yields in the middle of the laminated wood to generate single hinge damage due to the clamping force generated by the thicker and higher strength of the laminated wood; the third is that the bolt yields and is broken in a double-hinge mode due to the clamping force generated by the fact that the bolt is small in diameter, the laminated wood and steel clamping plate is thick and high in strength. And the shearing resistance is greatly influenced by the thickness-diameter ratio and the distance between bolts. Then, influence factors of hysteretic performance of the steel splint-bolt connection laminated wood connecting piece are explored: firstly, the hysteretic curves of the laminated wood-steel splint bolt connected under the action of low-cycle repeated load are basically in full prisms and arches, which shows that the connection mode has good energy consumption capability and shock resistance; and secondly, the single-bolt connecting member has good energy consumption capability and earthquake resistance, but the bearing capacity is lower, and the bearing capacity of the multi-bolt connecting member is obviously higher than that of single-bolt connection. The multi-bolt connection is divided into a bolt parallel connection mode and a staggered bolt connection mode, wherein the anti-seismic performance of the bolt parallel connection mode is better than that of the staggered bolt connection mode, the anti-seismic performance of two rows of bolt arrangement members is more excellent, the bearing capacity of a test piece is continuously increased along with the increase of the distance between the lines of the bolts, and the pinching effect of the test piece is gradually reduced, so that the anti-seismic capacity of the test piece is gradually enhanced along with the increase of the distance between the lines of the bolts; in addition, by extracting the slope of the linear stage of the skeleton curve, the following results can be obtained: the designed thickness-diameter ratio of the component is optimal between 7.5 and 10, after the framework curve reaches the peak load, the framework curve has obvious descending sections, but all the descending sections are flat and slow, and the structural combination of the laminated wood-steel clamp plate bolt has better ductility. The connection mode has good energy consumption capability and seismic performance. And finally, manufacturing the steel clamping plate-bolt connection glued wood beam according to the principle that the bearing capacity borne by the midspan position is the maximum for testing: the size of the complete glued wood beam is 2500mm multiplied by 60mm multiplied by 127mm, wherein the steel splint-bolt connection glued wood beam is manufactured by disconnecting the complete glued wood beam from the span through steel plate-bolt connection, and then 8.8-grade strength 6mm bolts with nominal diameter and 6mm thickness Q235 steel plates are used, and researches find that the bending resistance bearing capacity of the whole glued wood beam is respectively 23.7kN by adopting an arrangement mode of 18 bolts in three rows and six columns with the bolt middle distance of 100mm, the end distance of 50mm and the edge distance of 20mm, and is improved by 4% compared with the 22.8kN of the complete glued wood beam. And the steel splint bolt connection glued wood beam can not be like the brittle failure of the pure glued wood beam in the sudden tension area in the damage, but the bolt hole and the pin groove bear the pressure and damage, the deformation capability is larger when the damage is approached, and the ductility is better. In conclusion, the connection mode can be compared with a complete glued wood beam, the defect of brittle failure of the wood beam is overcome, and the wood beam is safer in actual engineering use.
In the actual engineering, a patterned high-speed modern wood structure pedestrian bridge adopting a steel plate-bolt connection technology is designed and built. And then designing a glued wood truss bridge of a certain forest park in Hebei river, wherein the glued wood truss bridge is connected by steel clamping plates and bolts, and calculating the maximum axial compressive stress, the maximum tensile stress and the maximum combined stress which meet the requirements of the rod pieces. And then completing the design and calculation of the laminated wood continuous beam gallery bridge in a certain scenic spot in the Hunan entrance to a cave. The above examples all demonstrate the feasibility of this structural bridge application.
All the embodiments in the present specification are described in a related manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a veneer wood beam bridge of construction is conveniently makeed to excel in which: the laminated wood bridge deck comprises a laminated wood support frame and a laminated wood bridge deck paved on the laminated wood support frame: the laminated wood support frame comprises a plurality of main beam mechanisms extending along the longitudinal direction and laminated wood cross beams (8) extending along the transverse direction, wherein the main beam mechanisms are formed by serially splicing a plurality of laminated wood main beams (2) through first steel plates (3) and first bolts (4) on two sides, adjacent main beam mechanisms are connected through the laminated wood cross beams (8), and two ends of each laminated wood cross beam (8) are connected with the main beam mechanisms through second steel plates (9) and second bolts (13); the laminated wood bridge deck is formed by connecting a transverse laminated wood board (5) and prismatic pattern steel plates (6) which cover the two sides of the laminated wood bridge deck and are provided with reserved holes through screws, the prismatic pattern steel plates are fixed on a laminated wood support frame through screws (7), and laminated wood guardrails (1) are assembled and fixed on the two sides of the laminated wood bridge deck.
2. The high-strength glued wood beam bridge convenient to manufacture and construct according to claim 1, wherein: the lengthening direction is adjacent to that the two sides of the joint of the laminated wood main beam (2) are respectively provided with a first steel plate (3) and clamp the laminated wood main beam (2) from the two sides, a first bolt (4) sequentially penetrates through a spring washer (10), the first steel plate (3) positioned on one side of the laminated wood main beam (2), the first steel plate (3) positioned on the other side of the laminated wood main beam (2) and a gasket (11) and then is connected with a locking nut (12), and steel clamp plate-bolt connection between the adjacent laminated wood main beams (2) is realized.
3. The high-strength glued wood beam bridge convenient to manufacture and construct according to claim 1, wherein: the two sides of the two ends of the laminated wood transverse partition beam (8) are respectively provided with a second steel plate (9), the second steel plates (9) are L-shaped steel plates matched with the joint of the laminated wood transverse partition beam (8) and the laminated wood main beam (2) in shape, the transverse parts of the L-shaped steel plates are connected with the laminated wood transverse partition beam (8) through second bolts (13) in a bolt mode, and the longitudinal parts of the L-shaped steel plates are connected with the main beam mechanism through second bolts (13) in a bolt mode.
4. A method for manufacturing a high-strength glued wood beam bridge convenient to manufacture and construct according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the manufacturing of the laminated wood main beam (2), the laminated wood bridge diaphragm beam (8), the transverse laminated wood board (5) and the laminated wood guardrail (1) comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparing materials: the method comprises the following steps of preparing sawn timber and drying treatment: the sawn timber is prepared by processing logs with circular cross sections into sawn timber with rectangular cross sections, wherein the length direction of the sawn timber is the longitudinal direction of the timber, and the width direction or the thickness direction of the sawn timber is the transverse direction of the timber; the drying treatment is to control the water content of the sawn timber to be 8-12%;
step 2: material processing: comprises material classification and sawing: the material grading is to grade the materials of the laminates of the sawn timber by combining visual grading for observing defects and mechanical grading for detecting elastic modulus; the sawn timber processing is to select the quality grade, the size and the grain direction of the laminated timber according to the specific requirements of the glued timber beam component, and then carry out finger joint tenon or other processing with shape, specification and size and surface roughness reduction on the sawn timber according to the gluing requirement;
and step 3: the method comprises the following steps of laminating group blank and laminating gluing: the laminated plate group blank is in a different-equal combination form in the processing of the structural members of the laminated wood main beam (2) and the laminated wood diaphragm beam (8), namely, the material grade of a laminated plate at the edge part of a tension area is higher than that of a laminated plate at a compression area, in addition, the top surface needs to be marked, and the top surface is vertical to the load borne by the laminated wood main beam; the transverse glued wood board (5) adopts an orthogonal combination structure form, namely sawn wood laminates with transverse grains and longitudinal grains are arranged in a staggered mode, and the number of the laminates is odd; the laminated wood guardrail (1) adopts wood laminates with lower grades, or sawn timber with defects removed and sawn timber with smaller sizes left after the laminates of the laminated wood main beam are processed, and the sawn timber is glued; in the plywood gluing, an RPF resin adhesive prepared from resorcinol-phenol-formaldehyde is adopted to carry out lengthening and thickness splicing on sawn timber, wherein finger joint is adopted for lengthening and thickness splicing, butt joint is adopted for thickness splicing, the annual ring direction of each plywood is consistent, and the gluing surface is vertical to the load direction;
and 4, step 4: and (3) post-processing: curing and component processing: curing and maintaining, namely, after the adhesive is cured under the specified conditions and reaches the initial strength, releasing the pressure, and then placing the cured adhesive in a place with stable specified temperature and humidity; the component processing is to further process the glued wood component by sawing, planing and drilling.
5. The manufacturing method of the high-strength glued wood beam bridge convenient to manufacture and construct according to claim 4, characterized in that: in the step 3, the addition amount of paraformaldehyde in the adhesive is 15% of the mass of the resin, the adhesive coating is uniform and can not be absent, and the single-side adhesive coating amount is 250-300 g/m2。
6. The manufacturing method of the high-strength glued wood beam bridge convenient to manufacture and construct according to claim 4, characterized in that: and 3, when gluing in the step 3, the temperature of a pressing plate is 80 ℃, the pressing time is 1h, the gluing pressure is 1.5MPa, the pressure is removed after the adhesive is cured and reaches the initial strength, the adhesive is placed in room temperature for curing for 72h, then the next step of processing can be carried out, the pressure is applied for 150 minutes at the temperature of more than 20 ℃, the curing time is correspondingly increased along with the reduction of the temperature, but the temperature cannot be lower than 18 ℃.
7. A construction method of a high-strength glued wood beam bridge convenient for construction as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: construction preparation: the method comprises the following steps of foundation construction and component transportation: the foundation construction adopts an enlarged foundation, the foundation is designed according to a load value provided by bridge design data, the foundation is determined according to the design data and the geological condition of a service area, and the paying-off construction precision requirement is 1 mm; the component transportation is to number the components prefabricated in the factory, wherein the laminated wood main beam (2) and the laminated wood transverse beam (8) need to mark the top surfaces, and then the components are transported to a field assembly area according to a construction plan;
step two: assembling and hoisting on site: assembling the laminated wood support frame and hoisting the laminated wood support frame: the laminated wood support frame comprises a main beam mechanism and a laminated wood diaphragm mechanism, wherein the main beam mechanism is formed by splicing and extending a plurality of laminated wood main beams (2), first steel plates (3) are arranged on two sides of joints of the laminated wood main beams (2) adjacent to each other in the extending direction to clamp the laminated wood main beams (2) from two sides, then a spring washer (10), the first steel plate (3) on one side of each laminated wood main beam (2), the laminated wood diaphragm (8), the first steel plate (3) on the other side of each laminated wood main beam (2) and a gasket (11) are sequentially penetrated through a first bolt (4), and then a locking nut (12) is connected, so that the multi-section laminated wood main beams (2) are extended after being connected for many times; two sides of two ends of the laminated wood diaphragm beam (8) are provided with L-shaped second steel plates (9), and then the laminated wood diaphragm beam and the main beam mechanism are connected by adopting the same bolt connection method to finally form a laminated wood support frame; hoisting the glued wood support frame, namely hoisting the mounted glued wood support frame to a specified position;
step three: installing a bridge deck system: the method comprises the following steps of installing a glued wood bridge deck, a prismatic pattern steel plate (6) and a glued wood guardrail (1): fixing a plurality of transverse laminated wood boards (5) on a laminated wood support frame through screws (7), then covering prismatic pattern steel plates (6) on two sides of the transverse laminated wood boards (5) and connecting the two sides through the screws to form a laminated wood bridge deck, and finally splicing the laminated wood guardrails (1) and fixing the two sides of the bridge deck through the screws.
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| CN202011494118.6A CN112482186A (en) | 2020-12-16 | 2020-12-16 | High-strength glued wood beam bridge convenient to manufacture and construct and manufacturing and construction method thereof |
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| CN202011494118.6A CN112482186A (en) | 2020-12-16 | 2020-12-16 | High-strength glued wood beam bridge convenient to manufacture and construct and manufacturing and construction method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116180983A (en) * | 2023-02-09 | 2023-05-30 | 中建八局西北建设有限公司 | Large-scale laminated wood structure and construction method of super-large-section laminated wood beam |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1884700A (en) * | 2006-07-12 | 2006-12-27 | 湖南大学 | Bamboo bridge |
| CN109797861A (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2019-05-24 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of steel clamp plate spreading bamboo wood beam |
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2020
- 2020-12-16 CN CN202011494118.6A patent/CN112482186A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1884700A (en) * | 2006-07-12 | 2006-12-27 | 湖南大学 | Bamboo bridge |
| CN109797861A (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2019-05-24 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of steel clamp plate spreading bamboo wood beam |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116180983A (en) * | 2023-02-09 | 2023-05-30 | 中建八局西北建设有限公司 | Large-scale laminated wood structure and construction method of super-large-section laminated wood beam |
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