CN112481549A - Preparation method of GCr15 bearing steel - Google Patents
Preparation method of GCr15 bearing steel Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/02—Dephosphorising or desulfurising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/30—Regulating or controlling the blowing
- C21C5/35—Blowing from above and through the bath
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0006—Adding metallic additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/064—Dephosphorising; Desulfurising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of GCr15 bearing steel, which effectively improves the harm of unstable sulfur content in molten iron by KR method desulfurization, achieves the aim of removing sulfur in a converter by adopting a converter double-slag method, a secondary slagging process at a smelting end point and a slagging means of steel tapping alloying, reduces the pressure of LF desulfurization, ensures that no aluminum deoxidizer is used in the slagging process of the LF furnace by a unique slag deoxidation means behind the converter furnace, thereby ensuring the generation of composite inclusions in high-alloy-content steel in the refining process, and finally ensuring that the inclusions in the steel are formed into Al before RH vacuum treatment2O3The single compound is mainly used, a refining secondary slagging method which is forced to be used in the industry at present is replaced by the improvement of a smelting process, the refining operation rate is effectively improved, the operation rate of a refining furnace is reduced to 50min before 90min, continuous casting is improved from a group of 6 furnaces to a group of 15 furnaces at present, and the continuous casting operation rate is effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of steel, in particular to a preparation method of GCr15 bearing steel.
Background
The bearing steel is a mechanical foundation part, and the quality of the bearing steel directly influences the development height of heavy industry and influences the precision, performance, service life and reliability of large-scale equipment. With the continuous development of social economy, the requirement on the purity of bearing steel is higher and higher. How can be more effectual inclusion content in the reduction steel, especially compound oxidation's kind and content improve the quality of steel, guarantee the homogeneity of bearing steel, guarantee inclusion evenly distributed, reduce the production that banded carbide and carbide liquated out, guarantee good bearing steel surface quality, guarantee the machining precision of spare part, these problems need to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the preparation method of the GCr15 bearing steel, and the method can simultaneously meet the requirements of the bearing steel on molten steel cleanliness, casting blank component uniformity and product surface quality.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to a preparation method of GCr15 bearing steel, which comprises the following steps:
(1) performing desulfurization treatment on molten iron by using a KR method to ensure that S in the molten iron fed into a furnace is less than or equal to 0.002%;
(2) the converter adopts a top-bottom combined blowing mode, oxygen supply amount reaches 80%, observation is carried out according to flame, and C: 0.30-0.5%, and lifting the gun at a temperature of 1590-1630 ℃;
carrying out double-slag operation, and carrying out secondary slagging after deslagging, wherein the blowing end point temperature is 1660-1690 ℃, the tapping C is less than or equal to 0.20%, and the tapping P is less than or equal to 0.013%;
carrying out steel tapping deoxidation alloying operation, adding high-purity graphite carbon material for deoxidation after the molten steel covers the bottom of a ladle, then adding 4.17-5Kg/t of premelted refining slag and 0.83-1.67Kg/t of impurity ash into the steel, and finally adding high-carbon ferrochrome, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon and aluminum blocks;
adjusting the argon flow to 500-600 Nl/min after tapping, ensuring that the slag surface and the alloy are completely melted, feeding a pure calcium line to the slag surface after the slag surface is melted, removing the gas content in the slag, and hoisting and conveying the molten steel to an LF furnace after the treatment is finished;
(3) lifting the molten steel to an LF furnace, then heating to ensure that the temperature of the molten steel reaches 1620-1640 ℃, then feeding an aluminum wire to the bottom of a ladle to deoxidize the molten steel, performing slag micro-deoxidation treatment after the oxygen content of the molten steel is less than 20ppm, and alloying the molten steel without adding an aluminum deoxidizer in the slag micro-deoxidation process to ensure that the sulfur content meets the component requirement;
(4) hoisting the molten steel to RH for vacuum treatment, and performing hydrogen determination treatment after the vacuum treatment of the molten steel is finished, wherein the hydrogen content is not lower than 1.0 ppm;
(5) the continuous casting process adopts full-process protection pouring and adopts a dynamic soft reduction technology, so that the internal quality uniformity of the casting blank is ensured, and electromagnetic stirring is not used.
In the step (2), lime and iron ore are added for secondary slagging after the slag dumping is finished.
In the step (4), the vacuum degree of vacuum treatment is not more than 2.0 mbar, and the holding time is not less than 30 min.
In the step (5), the superheat degree in the continuous casting process is controlled to be 15-35 ℃, and the drawing speed is controlled to be 0.5-0.6 m/min.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the preparation method effectively improves the harm of unstable sulfur content in the molten iron by KR desulfurization, and provides guarantee for obtaining stable sulfur content after the converter. The converter adopts high-temperature tapping, adopts a double-slag method, a secondary slagging process in the middle and later smelting periods and a slagging means of tapping alloying to obtain the technical condition of high-temperature desulfurization at the smelting end point of the converter, adopts a technical mode of strong deoxidation of the converter tapping, effectively improves the desulfurization efficiency of the converter, achieves the purpose of desulfurization of the converter, and reduces the pressure of LF desulfurization. The unique slag deoxidation method behind the converter effectively removes the slag in the steel ladleThe oxygen content of the slag. By adopting the method of firstly deoxidizing and then carrying out slag micro-treatment in the LF furnace, no aluminum deoxidizer is used in the slagging process, the generation of composite inclusions in the high-alloy-content steel during the refining process is ensured, and finally, the inclusions in the steel are ensured to be Al before RH vacuum treatment2O3The single compound is mainly used, and the molten steel purity of the bearing steel is effectively improved. Through the measures of dynamic soft reduction of continuous casting, no electromagnetic stirring and full-protection casting, the component uniformity of the bearing steel is ensured, the generation of strip carbides and carbide liquation is reduced, and the surface quality of a casting blank is improved. The method can replace a refining secondary slagging method forced to be used in the industry at present, effectively improves the refining operation rate, reduces the operation rate of a refining furnace from 90min to 50min, and simultaneously improves the operation rate of continuous casting from a group of 6 furnaces to a group of 15 furnaces.
Detailed Description
The GCr15 bearing steel comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.90-1.0%, Si: 0.1-0.3%, Mn: 0.2-0.5%, P is less than or equal to 0.013%, S is less than or equal to 0.0030%, Ni is less than or equal to 0.10%, Cr: 1.40-1.50%, Mo is less than or equal to 0.05%, Cu is less than or equal to 0.10%, and Ti: 0.01-0.02%, Al: 0.01 to 0.03 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
Specifically, the preparation method is implemented according to the following steps, wherein a 120t converter is adopted:
(1) performing desulfurization treatment by using a KR method to ensure that S in molten iron fed into a furnace is less than or equal to 0.002%;
(2) the converter adopts a top-bottom combined blowing mode, oxygen supply amount reaches 80%, observation is carried out according to flame, and C: 0.30-0.5%, lifting a gun at a temperature of 1590-1630 ℃, carrying out double slag operation, adding lime and iron ore for secondary slagging after deslagging, carrying out blowing end temperature of 1660-1690 ℃, tapping C of less than or equal to 0.20%, P of less than or equal to 0.013%, carrying out tapping deoxidation alloying operation, covering the bottom of a steel ladle with molten steel, adding high-purity graphite carbon material for deoxidation, then adding 500-600 Kg of premelted refined slag and 100-200 Kg of impurity ash, finally adding high-carbon ferrochromium, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon and aluminum blocks, adjusting argon flow to 500-600 Nl/min after tapping, ensuring that the slag surface and the alloy are completely molten, feeding a pure calcium wire to the slag surface by using a special wire feeder after the slag surface is molten, effectively removing gas content in the slag, and hoisting and conveying the molten steel to an LF furnace after treatment;
(3) lifting the molten steel to an LF furnace, then heating to ensure that the temperature of the molten steel reaches 1620-1640 ℃, then feeding an aluminum wire to the bottom of a ladle to deoxidize the molten steel, performing slag micro-deoxidation treatment after the oxygen content of the molten steel is less than 20ppm, and alloying the molten steel without adding an aluminum deoxidizer in the slag deoxidation process to ensure that the sulfur content meets the component requirement;
(4) hoisting the molten steel to RH for vacuum treatment, wherein the vacuum degree is not more than 2.0 mbar, the holding time is not less than 30min, and after the vacuum of the molten steel is finished, hydrogen is determined and treated, and the hydrogen content is not less than 1.0 ppm; (ii) a
(5) The continuous casting process adopts whole-process protection pouring, the superheat degree is controlled to be 15-35 ℃, the pulling speed is controlled to be 0.5-0.6 m/min, the dynamic soft reduction technology is adopted, the internal quality uniformity of a casting blank is ensured, and electromagnetic stirring is not used.
Claims (6)
1. A preparation method of GCr15 bearing steel is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) performing desulfurization treatment on molten iron by using a KR method to ensure that S in the molten iron fed into a furnace is less than or equal to 0.002%;
(2) the converter adopts a top-bottom combined blowing mode, oxygen supply amount reaches 80%, observation is carried out according to flame, and C: 0.30-0.5%, and lifting the gun at a temperature of 1590-1630 ℃;
carrying out double-slag operation, and carrying out secondary slagging after deslagging, wherein the blowing end point temperature is 1660-1690 ℃, the tapping C is less than or equal to 0.20%, and the tapping P is less than or equal to 0.013%;
carrying out steel tapping deoxidation alloying operation, adding high-purity graphite carbon material for deoxidation after the molten steel covers the bottom of a ladle, then adding 4.17-5Kg/t of premelted refining slag and 0.83-1.67Kg/t of impurity ash into the steel, and finally adding high-carbon ferrochrome, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon and aluminum blocks;
adjusting the argon flow to 500-600 Nl/min after tapping, ensuring that the slag surface and the alloy are completely melted, feeding a pure calcium line to the slag surface after the slag surface is melted, removing the gas content in the slag, and hoisting and conveying the molten steel to an LF furnace after the treatment is finished;
(3) lifting the molten steel to an LF furnace, then heating to ensure that the temperature of the molten steel reaches 1620-1640 ℃, then feeding an aluminum wire to the bottom of a ladle to deoxidize the molten steel, performing slag micro-deoxidation treatment after the oxygen content of the molten steel is less than 20ppm, and alloying the molten steel without adding an aluminum deoxidizer in the slag micro-deoxidation process to ensure that the sulfur content meets the component requirement;
(4) hoisting the molten steel to RH for vacuum treatment, and performing hydrogen determination treatment after the vacuum treatment of the molten steel is finished, wherein the hydrogen content is not lower than 1.0 ppm;
(5) the continuous casting process adopts full-process protection pouring and adopts a dynamic soft reduction technology, so that the internal quality uniformity of the casting blank is ensured, and electromagnetic stirring is not used.
2. The method for preparing GCr15 bearing steel according to claim 1, wherein the steel comprises the following components by mass percent: 0.90-1.0%, Si: 0.1-0.3%, Mn: 0.2-0.5%, P is less than or equal to 0.013%, S is less than or equal to 0.0030%, Ni is less than or equal to 0.10%, Cr: 1.40-1.50%, Mo is less than or equal to 0.05%, Cu is less than or equal to 0.10%, and Ti: 0.01-0.02%, Al: 0.01 to 0.03 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
3. The method for preparing GCr15 bearing steel according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), lime and iron ore are added for secondary slagging after deslagging is finished.
4. The method for preparing GCr15 bearing steel according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the miscellaneous ash is lime.
5. The method for preparing GCr15 bearing steel according to claim 1, wherein, in the step (4), the vacuum degree of vacuum treatment is not more than 2.0 mbar and the retention time is not less than 30 min.
6. The GCr15 bearing steel preparation method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (5), the superheat degree of the continuous casting process is controlled to be 15-35 ℃, and the drawing speed is controlled to be 0.5-0.6 m/min.
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| CN202011135310.6A CN112481549A (en) | 2020-10-21 | 2020-10-21 | Preparation method of GCr15 bearing steel |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114737121A (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-07-12 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for quickly desulfurizing steel for bearing |
| WO2023071776A1 (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2023-05-04 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for preparing special high wear-resistance steel strip ngnm01 for pipeline transportation |
| CN116790961A (en) * | 2023-05-31 | 2023-09-22 | 本钢板材股份有限公司 | Method for smelting bearing steel by adopting full scrap steel based on ecological electric furnace |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023071776A1 (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2023-05-04 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for preparing special high wear-resistance steel strip ngnm01 for pipeline transportation |
| CN114737121A (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-07-12 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for quickly desulfurizing steel for bearing |
| CN116790961A (en) * | 2023-05-31 | 2023-09-22 | 本钢板材股份有限公司 | Method for smelting bearing steel by adopting full scrap steel based on ecological electric furnace |
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Application publication date: 20210312 |