CN112477116A

CN112477116A - Efficient manufacturing method based on 3D printing

Info

Publication number: CN112477116A
Application number: CN202011405859.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴玲; 刘冬梅; 王敏旸; 杜湘云
Original assignee: Oechsler Plastic Products Taicang Co Ltd
Current assignee: Oechsler Plastic Products Taicang Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-12-03
Filing date: 2020-12-03
Publication date: 2021-03-12

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of 3D printing, and particularly relates to an efficient manufacturing method based on 3D printing. The method provided by the invention comprises the steps of expanding a three-dimensional model of a target product on a plane to obtain a plane structure model, combining the plane structure models in multiple layers, then carrying out 3D printing to obtain a semi-finished product, and reconstructing the semi-finished product into the target product. The invention can obviously improve the production efficiency, obviously reduce the production cost, improve the printing precision and improve the consistency of the product in all directions, and is particularly suitable for large-scale production.

Description

Efficient manufacturing method based on 3D printing

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of 3D printing, and particularly relates to an efficient manufacturing method based on 3D printing.

Background

3D printing is an emerging additive manufacturing technology, and has completely different ideas and methods from the traditional process of subtractive manufacturing. The basic idea of the conventional manufacturing process is to use a machine tool, a cutter, etc. to remove excess material to obtain the desired product. The more complex the structure of the product, the more expensive it is to manufacture using conventional processes and the longer the production cycle. For 3D printing, the three-dimensional CAD graph of the computer can be directly converted into a real product, and the production period and the production cost of complex product forming are greatly shortened.

However, in some products, such as products with a three-dimensional thin-shell structure and products derived based on changes of the three-dimensional thin-shell structure, when the products are manufactured by stacking 3D printing layers, the utilization rate of a printer cavity is very low, which causes problems of long production period, low raw material utilization rate, high production cost and the like. Particularly, the disadvantages of printing products which have long distance in the vertical direction and cannot be horizontally placed are particularly obvious. In addition, for thin-shell products with complex microstructures on the surface, the surface microstructures and the appearance are easily distorted in the long-distance vertical printing process, the dimensional accuracy and the performance of the products are affected, and the rejection rate is high.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an efficient manufacturing method based on 3D printing. Compared with the traditional 3D printing method, the method has remarkable advantages in the aspects of efficiency, cost, quality and the like, and is particularly suitable for manufacturing thin-shell structure products and other products which can be unfolded on a plane or on a curved surface close to the plane as a whole.

The method provided by the invention comprises the steps of expanding a three-dimensional model of a target product on a plane to obtain a plane structure model, carrying out 3D printing according to the plane structure model to obtain a semi-finished product, and reconstructing the semi-finished product into the target product. According to the invention, 3D printing is carried out according to the plane structure model, the printing surface is the product structure plane, the printing precision is obviously higher than that of the structure surfaces printed in other directions, and the disadvantage that the 3D printing manufacturing precision is lower than that of the traditional mode is well remedied. In addition, the printing sectional area is the largest after the printing device is unfolded, the production efficiency is high, and the utilization rate of the cavity and raw materials is high. And after printing to obtain a semi-finished product, reconstructing by using the traditional manufacturing process to obtain a target product. In order to further improve the production efficiency, the obtained planar structure model may be subjected to 3D printing by combining a plurality of layers of planar structure models arranged at intervals, and the intervals between adjacent layers may be equal or different. The mode can print dozens of times or even hundreds of times of products in the traditional printing mode at one time, and can obviously improve the production efficiency and reduce the production cost. It should be noted that the method is a model combining the 3D printing technology and the traditional process, and such a production mode is expected to become a key step of the 3D printing technology really advancing to the large-scale industrial manufacturing today when the 3D printing technology does not yet replace the traditional manufacturing conditions.

Further, the step of reconstructing comprises shaping, i.e. transforming the semi-finished product into the shape of the target product according to a certain processing method. The shaping mode is various, the semi-finished product can be bent, hot-melt bent and hot-extruded, the semi-finished product can be clamped in a clamp matched with the shape of a target product to be heated and shaped, the various modes can be combined with other modes in the prior art to be used, and the mode can be selected reasonably according to the shape of the target product. In addition, the heating and shaping in the clamp can be realized by arranging the clamp with a heating structure, or by putting the clamp with the semi-finished product in an oven for heating.

Furthermore, the reconstruction step also comprises connection, namely the line split in the three-dimensional model expansion process and the surface are fixedly connected again according to the original mode of the target product. The connecting method includes but is not limited to thermoplastic welding, mechanical locking and adhesive bonding.

Further, thermoplastic welding is performed by means such as laser welding, ultrasonic welding; mechanical locking means such as dovetail groove group locking, circular groove group locking, claw locking; the adhesive is, for example, a silicone adhesive.

The 3D printing technology preferably uses a selective laser sintering molding technology and uses a thermoplastic powder material for 3D printing.

Further, the target product of the present invention is an expandable structure. For example, the target product is a closed or open thin shell structure, and the surface may further have microstructures, such as holes, stripes, hollow structures, and the like.

Furthermore, the target product capable of being unfolded can be unfolded into an absolute plane or an approximate plane, for example, the local part of the target product is provided with a curved surface or a bulge, and if the target product can be unfolded and printed in a layer-by-layer arrangement mode, the purpose and the main beneficial effect of the invention are not affected.

Has the advantages that:

(1) by deconstructing the three-dimensional structure into a plane model for printing, the number of the plane models printed in the cavity is obviously increased, the production efficiency is obviously improved, the space and raw material utilization rate is improved, the production cost is obviously reduced, and the three-dimensional model printing method is particularly suitable for large-scale production.

Taking a cylindrical target product with the wall thickness of 1mm, the diameter of 70mm and the height of 220mm as an example, the printing equipment uses Hua Shu HT252P, one cylinder can only mold 9 products, and the cylinder after being unfolded can mold 110 products, and the feeding amount is the same, the printing time is close, and the production efficiency is improved by about 12 times.

(2) By deconstructing the three-dimensional structure into a plane model for printing, each structural surface of the product can be coincided with the printing surface, and each structural surface of the product can achieve the highest printing precision, so that a high-quality product with very good integrity consistency is obtained.

(3) Some products with the surfaces having complex microstructure micro-morphology can not meet the precision requirement and the performance requirement of design by using a conventional 3D printing mode, and the design requirement can be well met by deconstructing a three-dimensional structure into a plane model for printing.

(4) The thermoplastic shaping and welding process is comprehensively applied, and the dovetail groove group and other structural designs are matched, so that a road is paved for product reconstruction. The invention organically combines the traditional process and 3D printing, and obtains industrial products which have reliable quality, economic cost and can be produced and applied in batches.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a target product.

FIG. 2 is a developed model of example 1.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the thermoplastic device.

FIG. 4 is a developed model of example 2.

Fig. 5 and 6 are the expanded models of example 3.

Fig. 7 and 8 are the expanded models of example 4.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples, which are illustrative and intended to illustrate the problem and explain the invention, but not limiting.

Example 1

(1) Firstly, the target product structure shown in fig. 1 is subjected to spatial deconstruction, and is decomposed and converted into a plane structure model as shown in fig. 2.

(2) Inputting the converted plane structure model into an SLS printing device, wherein the raw material used for printing is a nylon material.

(3) And starting the SLS printing equipment to print the nylon plane structure product.

(4) And taking the nylon plane structure product out of the printer, and removing powder on the surface of the nylon.

(5) Placing the nylon product in a thermoplastic device as shown in FIG. 3, locking two ends of the product by dovetail structures, coating silica gel adhesive on the interface surfaces of the dovetail structures, locking the fixture, and waiting for 5 min.

(6) The thermoplastic device is placed in an oven at 130 ℃ for thermoplastic setting for 1 h.

(7) Taking out the thermoplastic molding product to obtain the target product.

Example 2

(1) Firstly, the target product structure shown in fig. 1 is subjected to spatial deconstruction, and is decomposed and converted into a plane structure model as shown in fig. 4.

(2) And combining 80 layers of plane structure models which are arranged at equal intervals in the vertical direction, inputting the combined plane structure models into SLS printing equipment, wherein the raw material used for printing is a nylon material.

(5) Placing the nylon product in a thermoplastic device as shown in FIG. 3, locking two ends of the product with a circular groove set structure, coating silica gel adhesive on the interface of the circular groove set structure, locking the fixture, and waiting for 5 min.

(7) Taking out the thermoplastic molding product to obtain the target product.

Example 3

(1) Firstly, the target product structure shown in fig. 1 is spatially deconstructed, and is decomposed and converted into a planar structure with steps at two ends, as shown in fig. 5 and 6.

(2) Inputting the converted planar structure into an SLS printing device, wherein the raw material used for printing is a polypropylene material.

(3) And starting the SLS printing equipment to print out the polypropylene plane structure product.

(4) And taking the polypropylene plane structure product out of the printer, and removing powder on the surface of the polypropylene.

(5) The polypropylene product is placed in a thermoplastic device as shown in figure 3, two ends of the product are fused by laser welding to form a step shape, and a clamp is locked.

(6) And placing the thermoplastic device in an oven at 100 ℃ for thermoplastic setting for 1 h.

(7) Taking out the thermoplastic molding product to obtain the target product.

Example 4:

(1) firstly, the target product structure shown in fig. 1 is spatially deconstructed, and is decomposed and converted into a planar structure with steps at two ends, as shown in fig. 7 and 8.

(2) And combining the 110-layer plane structure models, inputting the combined models into SLS printing equipment, wherein the raw materials used for printing are thermoplastic elastomer materials.

(3) And starting the SLS printing equipment to print out the thermoplastic elastomer plane structure product.

(4) And (4) taking the thermoplastic elastomer plane structure product out of the printer, and removing powder on the surface of the product.

(5) The elastomer product is placed in a thermoplastic device with a heating function, two ends of the product are welded by ultrasonic waves to fuse two ends with step shapes, and a clamp is locked.

(6) The temperature in the thermoplastic device was set at 80 ℃ and the set time was 1 h.

(7) Taking out the thermoplastic molding product to obtain the target product.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An efficient manufacturing method based on 3D printing is characterized in that: and expanding the three-dimensional model of the target product on a plane to obtain a plane structure model, performing 3D printing according to the plane structure model to obtain a semi-finished product, and reconstructing the semi-finished product into the target product.

2. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and combining the obtained plane structure models in multiple layers and then performing 3D printing.

3. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the step of reconstructing includes shaping.

4. The manufacturing method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the shaping mode comprises bending, hot-melt bending and hot extrusion of the semi-finished product, and also comprises the step of clamping the semi-finished product in a clamp matched with the shape of a target product for heating and shaping.

5. The manufacturing method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the reconstruction step also comprises connection in a mode of thermoplastic welding, mechanical locking and adhesive gluing.

6. The manufacturing method according to claim 5, characterized in that: thermoplastic welding comprises laser welding and ultrasonic welding; the mechanical locking comprises dovetail groove group locking, circular groove group locking and claw locking; the adhesive comprises silica gel adhesive.

7. The manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: the 3D printing technology uses a selective laser sintering molding technology and uses thermoplastic powder materials for 3D printing.

8. The manufacturing method according to claim 7, characterized in that: the target product is an expandable structure.

9. The manufacturing method according to claim 8, characterized in that: the target product is a closed or open thin shell structure, and the surface of the target product is provided with a microstructure.

10. An efficient manufacturing method based on 3D printing is characterized in that: the method of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the planar development is adjusted to a development on a curved surface which is planar as a whole.