CN112473276B - Multistage filtration mining dustproof curtain based on light particle bed - Google Patents
Multistage filtration mining dustproof curtain based on light particle bed Download PDFInfo
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- CN112473276B CN112473276B CN202011500160.4A CN202011500160A CN112473276B CN 112473276 B CN112473276 B CN 112473276B CN 202011500160 A CN202011500160 A CN 202011500160A CN 112473276 B CN112473276 B CN 112473276B
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- foam
- gauze
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/10—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filter plates, sheets or pads having plane surfaces
- B01D46/12—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filter plates, sheets or pads having plane surfaces in multiple arrangements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/30—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using loose filtering material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/56—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
- B01D46/62—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition connected in series
- B01D46/64—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition connected in series arranged concentrically or coaxially
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
- Y02A50/2351—Atmospheric particulate matter [PM], e.g. carbon smoke microparticles, smog, aerosol particles, dust
Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-stage filtering dust-proof curtain based on a light particle bed, which consists of a composite foam layer and a fiber layer, wherein the composite foam layer consists of an outer layer gauze, a foam bed and an inner layer gauze, the foam bed is filled with light foam particles, the diameter is 0.2-10mm, and the density is 10-60kg/m 3 The dust foam bed is divided into a checkerboard structure by using a gauze, airflow pipelines are arranged below some gauzes which are used for dividing the foam bed into checkerboard structure, the gauze divides the foam bed into small units, the filling amount of light foam particles in each small unit is 70-90% of the volume of the unit, and the light foam particles are fixed on the foam bed by using an inner gauze and an outer gauze with the pore diameters slightly smaller than the diameters of the light foam particles. The invention can realize gradient filtration of dust, the jump of light foam particles causes a large amount of dust to fall down, the dust holding capacity is greatly increased, the self-cleaning of the dustproof curtain can be realized through the airflow pipeline, and the high efficiency and durability of the dustproof performance of the dustproof curtain can be effectively ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mining ventilation and dust removal, in particular to a multistage filtering mining dustproof curtain based on a light particle bed.
Background
In the development process of social economy in China, the coal industry has important roles. With the industrialized upgrading of coal mine enterprises in China and the great improvement of the demand of the coal mine in China, the yield of the coal mine enterprises in China is increased year by year. A large amount of dust is generated in the coal mining process, and for some machine equipment with higher precision, a large amount of dust enters the equipment, so that equipment failure, precision reduction and other working faults can be caused; a large amount of dust is easy to cause explosion in the production process, so that serious safety accidents such as roadway collapse, secondary interlink explosion and the like can be caused, and serious losses are brought to life and economic property; working in a high-concentration dust environment for a long time, coal miners become a high incidence group of pneumoconiosis, respiratory diseases and other diseases, and cause serious psychological and economic burden on coal miners and families thereof.
At present, a simple dustproof curtain formed by a single-layer screen window net and a water spraying device is mostly used in mines, the screen window is generally a 20-30-mesh net, the filtering precision of dust is low, only large-particle dust with the size diameter of more than 500 mu m can be filtered, and the filtering effect of dust with the diameter of less than 100 mu m is very little. According to field test, traditional dustproof curtain only has about 15% -20% to the filtration efficiency of dust, and this dustproof curtain holds the dirt volume very little, and the number of times that needs to be changed, wash is more frequent, and this dustproof curtain can't play effectual guard action to the high concentration dust under the ore deposit.
And analyzing the particle size of dust in a dust collecting bag of the dry dust collector of the rock tunneling roadway of the certain mine, wherein the particle size of the dust is less than 3 mu m and accounts for 30%, the particle size of the dust is 3-10 mu m and accounts for 20%, and more than 50% of the dust in the dust is more than 10 mu m. Aiming at the problems that the existing dustproof curtain cannot effectively protect high-concentration dust under the mine, and the like, the invention provides the multistage filtering mining dustproof curtain based on the light particle bed based on the particle size distribution of the dust of the coal mine, which can realize gradient filtering of the high-concentration dust under the mine.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a multi-stage filter mining dustproof curtain based on a light particle bed. The dustproof curtain consists of a composite foam layer and a fiber layer, wherein the composite foam layer consists of a structure of an outer gauze, a foam bed and an inner gauze, the composite foam layer is of a three-layer structure, the outer gauze is firstly contacted with dust, the foam bed is positioned between the outer gauze and the inner gauze, and the fiber layer consists of a micro-nano fiber film. The mesh number of the outer layer gauze of the composite foam layer ranges from 30 meshes to 50 meshes, the mesh number of the inner layer gauze ranges from 50 meshes to 80 meshes, and the material can be plastic fibers, metal fibers or glass fibers. In order to prevent moisture in the air under the mine from influencing the performance of the dustproof curtain, the outer gauze has hydrophilicity, the contact angle of the gauze is 30-90 degrees, the inner gauze has superhydrophobicity, the contact angle of the gauze is more than 150 degrees, and the rolling contact angle of the gauze is less than 10 degrees; the foam bed is filled with light foam particles with diameter phi=0.2-10 mm and density 10-60kg/m 3 The material is a lightweight foaming material such as Polystyrene (PS), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) or Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU). The diameter of the light foam is selected according to the range of dust particles, and the light foam blocks dust from passing through the inner gauze under the action of gas, so that the residual small-diameter dust is finally blocked by the fiber layer. The dust foam bed is divided into a chessboard-shaped structure by a separation gauze, the mesh of the separation gauze is smaller than the diameter of the light foam, or the mesh diameter of the separation gauze is changed from top to bottom, the light foam particles with small diameters are arranged on the dust foam bed, the gaps among the light foam particles are from top to bottom, the dust holding capacity can be increased, the light foam is divided into small units in the foam bed, the filling amount of the light foam particles of each small unit is 70-90% of the volume of the unit, and the light foam particles are fixed on the foam bed by an inner gauze and an outer gauze with the pore diameter slightly smaller than that of the light foam particles. For example, in order to prevent the leakage of foam particles, the minimum pore diameter of the inner layer gauze and the outer layer gauze for the light foam particles with the pore diameter of 0.2mm is 0.15mm in order to meet the air flow through performance of the dustproof curtain. The dustproof curtainThe fiber layer adopts the fiber layer with average diameter of 5nm-10 μm and surface density of 0.2-30g/m due to the advantages of high specific surface area, large porosity, good air permeability and the like of the electrostatic spinning nanofiber 2 The micro-nano fiber membrane with the porosity of 70-90% is made of polypropylene, polylactic acid, polybutylene succinate or polyvinylidene fluoride.
The invention relates to a multistage filtering mining dustproof curtain based on a light particle bed, which can realize gradient filtering of dust: for example, the outer gauze and the foam bed of the composite foam layer can intercept and filter dust with the diameter of more than 150 mu m, and the inner gauze can intercept and filter dust with the diameter of 50-150 mu m; the fiber layer can intercept and filter dust below 50 μm.
The invention relates to a multi-stage filtering mining dustproof curtain based on a light particle bed, wherein an outer layer gauze can be of a multi-layer structure, the outermost layer is a 30-50-mesh gauze, the pore diameter of the denser gauze is 0.15mm, and the outer layer gauze can block dust with the diameter of more than or equal to 0.15mm. The inner layer gauze can be of a multi-layer structure, the outermost layer is 50-80 mesh gauze, the pore diameter of the denser gauze is 0.05mm, the inner layer gauze and the foam bed jointly block dust with the diameter of 0.05-0.15mm and dust with the diameter of less than 0.05mm, due to the effect of light foam particles in the foam bed, a large amount of dust falls due to the jumping of the light foam particles, the dust holding capacity is greatly increased, the filtering capacity of the inner layer gauze and the fiber layer is reduced, and the cleaning times can be reduced.
The invention relates to a multi-stage filtering dust-proof curtain based on a light particle bed, which is characterized in that airflow pipelines are arranged below certain partition gauze which are used for being partitioned into a chessboard-shaped structure, the dust-proof curtain is cleaned regularly and quantitatively by controlling the spray size through air pressure by utilizing original spraying dust-settling equipment on the mine, and the dust-proof curtain is blown dry through the airflow pipelines regularly after cleaning. During filtering, the airflow pipeline can be ventilated regularly, so that the jumping of light foam particles in the foam bed is enhanced, the outer layer gauze and the inner layer gauze generate vibration, the dust holding capacity of the foam bed is greatly increased, and the filtering efficiency can be improved. Wherein, the air flow pipeline is provided with a slit type air flow nozzle, the width of the nozzle is 0.05-0.2mm and longitudinally penetrates through the whole dustproof curtain. Each air flow pipeline is collected in a main pipeline, and the main pipeline is connected with a mining air supply system pipeline, wherein an air flow regulating valve and a pressure regulating valve are distributed on the main pipeline.
The invention relates to a multi-stage filtering mining dustproof curtain based on a light particle bed, wherein the number of airflow pipelines of the dustproof curtain can be set according to the size and shape of the dustproof curtain and the on-site dust concentration of a coal face. The total dust concentration is greater, the air flow pipeline is 4-5, the air flow pipeline of the tunneling surface is 3-4, and the main inlet and return air tunnels and other ventilation tunnels are 2-3.
The invention relates to a multi-stage filtering mining dustproof curtain based on a light particle bed, wherein foam filling of a composite foam layer of the dustproof curtain is determined according to coal quality, rock quality and dust type of a coal mine. Further, the dust is mainly coal dust, the foam filling amount is 75% -85%, and the filling amount of small particle foam with 0.2-5mm accounts for 60% -70% of the total filling amount; the dust is mainly rock dust, the foam filling amount is 65% -75%, and the filling amount of the large-particle foam with the size of 5-10mm accounts for 60% -70% of the total filling amount.
The invention relates to a multi-stage filtering mining dustproof curtain based on a light particle bed, wherein a fiber layer of the dustproof curtain can be of a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure. In order to improve the dustproof effect, the fiber diameters of each layer of fiber membrane of the multi-layer structure of the dustproof curtain are distributed in a positive gradient from outside to inside, and the minimum diameter is not smaller than 5nm and the maximum diameter is not larger than 10 mu m. The smallest diameter fibers are the side of the contact cleaning layer and the largest diameter fibers face the side of the filtered air stream.
The invention relates to a multi-stage filtration mining dustproof curtain based on a light particle bed, and a micro-nano fiber film of a dustproof curtain fiber layer can be prepared by adopting methods such as a melt differential electrostatic spinning method, a solution electrostatic spinning method, a direct writing electrostatic spinning method, a melt blowing method and the like, but is not limited to the method.
The invention relates to a multi-stage filtering mining dustproof curtain based on a light particle bed, which is not limited to a regular pattern, and the dustproof curtain can be flexibly prepared according to the size requirement and the geometric shape of a roadway, tunneling equipment, a conveyor belt and the like.
The invention relates to a multi-stage filtering mining dustproof curtain based on a light particle bed, which can be arranged on a tunneling roadway, a stoping roadway, an air inlet roadway, an air return roadway and the like, wherein the tunneling roadway can be arranged above a conveyor belt behind a reversed loader, but the dustproof curtain is not limited to the tunneling roadway.
The invention has the main beneficial effects that: (1) The mining dustproof curtain has multi-stage filtering performance and consists of a composite foam layer and a fiber layer. (2) The mining dustproof curtain outer gauze has hydrophilicity, the contact angle of the mining dustproof curtain outer gauze is 30-90 degrees, the inner gauze has superhydrophobicity, the contact angle of the mining dustproof curtain outer gauze is more than 150 degrees, and the rolling contact angle of the mining dustproof curtain outer gauze is less than 10 degrees. (3) The mining dustproof curtain can realize gradient filtration of dust, can realize self-cleaning of the dustproof curtain through the airflow pipeline, and can effectively ensure high efficiency and durability of dustproof performance of the dustproof curtain.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a multi-stage filtration mining dust curtain based on a bed of lightweight particles, showing its multi-layer structure.
Fig. 2 is a side view of a multi-layer filter structure for a multi-stage filter mining dust curtain based on a lightweight particulate bed.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a multi-stage filtration mining dust curtain assembly based on a lightweight particulate bed.
FIG. 4 is empty filter resistance test data for the dust screen filter assembly of a multi-stage filter mining dust screen embodiment based on a lightweight particulate bed.
In the figure: 1-an outer layer gauze; 2-foam bed; 3-inner gauze; 4-fiber layers; 5-an air flow pipeline; 6-frame; 7-a rubber pad; 8-a hook.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
the invention provides a multi-stage filtering mining dustproof curtain based on a light particle bed, which consists of a composite foam layer and a fiber layer, as shown in fig. 1 and 2. The outer gauze 1 is 40 meshes, the inner gauze 3 meshes are 60 meshes, the material is plastic fiber, the contact angle of the outer gauze 1 is 35 degrees, and the contact angle of the inner gauze 3 is 160 degrees; the light foam particle bed 2 adopts Polystyrene (PS) foam particles, the manufacturer is Styrofoam, the particle diameter is phi=2mm, and the density is 27kg/m 3 . The PS foam is formed by using an outer gauze 1 and an inner gauze 3The particles are fixed on the foam bed, so that the leakage of the foam particles is prevented; the fiber layer 4 is collected by adopting a melt differential electrostatic spinning technology and adopting a roller collecting mode, and has the average diameter of 500nm and the surface density of 2g/m 2 。
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a connection mode between filter parts of the dustproof curtain, a rubber pad 7 is attached to the upper surface of a frame 6, a foam layer and a fiber layer are clamped together through the rubber pad 7, the whole dustproof curtain member is connected with a hook above a roadway through a hook 8, and the dustproof curtain can be replaced in a pulling mode from the left side and the right side of the dustproof curtain.
In high concentration dust environments, filtration resistance increases as dust is deposited on the filter assembly. Figure 4 is the empty load resistance characteristics of the foam bed 2, pure fiber filter material, and multi-stage filter assembly at different wind speeds. From the figure, it is clear that the filtration resistance of the foam bed 2 is significantly less than that of the fibrous filter material. When the filtration wind speed is 0.15m/s, the filtration resistance of the foam bed 2 is 17Pa, the filtration resistance of the fiber filter material is 95Pa, and the filtration resistance of the PS foam particle layer 2 is 17.8% of the fiber filter material. The introduction of the foam bed 2 increases the resistance of the filter assembly to some extent, but to a limited extent, and as a result demonstrates the feasibility of the multi-stage filter assembly to make up a dust curtain solution.
Example 2:
taking the dust curtain as an example of being installed in a tunneling roadway, the filling amount of the dust curtain foam is 70%, and 3 paths of air flow pipelines are arranged, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, otherwise, the light foam particles jump and fill the foam bed under the action of air flow in the same manner as in the embodiment 1. The working flow is as follows, when dust is generated and diffused due to the working of the heading machine, the dust is intercepted and filtered by the outer gauze 1, the foam bed 2, the inner gauze 3 and the fiber layer 4 in sequence. After the dustproof curtain works for a period of time, the dust-settling equipment for spraying on the mine is used for cleaning the dustproof curtain, the dustproof curtain is ventilated and dried through an airflow pipeline 5 with the nozzle width of 0.08mm after cleaning, and the dustproof curtain after cleaning and drying continues to work.
Claims (8)
1. Multistage filtration mining dustproof curtain based on light granule bed, its characterized in that: from a combination ofThe composite foam layer consists of an outer layer gauze, a foam bed and an inner layer gauze, wherein the composite foam layer is of a three-layer structure, the outer layer gauze is firstly contacted with dust, the foam bed is positioned between the outer layer gauze and the inner layer gauze, and the fiber layer consists of a micro-nano fiber film; the mesh number of the outer layer gauze of the composite foam layer is 30-50 meshes, the mesh number of the inner layer gauze is 50-80 meshes, the foam bed is filled with light foam particles, the diameter is 0.2-10mm, and the density is 10-60kg/m 3 The dust foam bed is divided into a chessboard-shaped structure by using gauze, light foam is divided into small units in the foam bed, the filling amount of light foam particles of each small unit is 70-90% of the volume of a unit cell, and the light foam particles are fixed on the foam bed by using inner gauze and outer gauze with the pore diameter slightly smaller than that of the light foam particles; the fiber layer has an average diameter of 5nm-10 μm and an areal density of 0.2-30g/m 2 Micro-nano fiber membrane with porosity of 70% -90%; arranging air flow pipelines under certain gauzes which are used for being separated into a checkerboard structure, and during filtering, the air flow pipelines are ventilated at fixed time, so that the pulsation of light foam particles in a foam bed is enhanced, and the outer gauzes and the inner gauzes vibrate; the mesh diameter of the separation gauze is changed from small to large from top to bottom, and the light foam particles with small diameters are arranged on the separation gauze, and the gaps among the light foam particles are changed from small to large from top to bottom.
2. A multi-stage filtration mining dust curtain based on a bed of lightweight particles as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the outer gauze and the inner gauze of the composite foam layer are made of plastic fibers, metal fibers or glass fibers.
3. A multi-stage filtration mining dust curtain based on a bed of lightweight particles as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the outer gauze has hydrophilicity with contact angle of 30-90 deg. and the inner gauze has superhydrophobicity with contact angle greater than 150 deg. and rolling contact angle less than 10 deg..
4. A multi-stage filtration mining dust curtain based on a bed of lightweight particles as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the light foam particle material is prepared by polystyrene foaming, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer foaming or thermoplastic polyurethane foaming.
5. A multi-stage filtration mining dust curtain based on a bed of lightweight particles as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fiber layer material is polypropylene, polylactic acid, polybutylene succinate or polyvinylidene fluoride.
6. A multi-stage filtration mining dust curtain based on a bed of lightweight particles as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the air flow pipeline is provided with slit type air flow nozzles, the width of the nozzles is 0.05-0.2mm, and the nozzles longitudinally penetrate through the whole dustproof curtain.
7. A multi-stage filtration mining dust curtain based on a bed of lightweight particles as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the number of the airflow pipelines is set according to the size and shape of the dustproof curtain and the on-site dust concentration of the coal face, the total number of the airflow pipelines of the coal face is 4-5, the number of the airflow pipelines of the driving face is 3-4, and the number of main inlet and return air roadways and other ventilation roadways is 2-3.
8. A multi-stage filtration mining dust curtain based on a bed of lightweight particles as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the dust is mainly coal dust, the foam filling amount is 75% -85%, and the filling amount of small particle foam with 0.2-5mm accounts for 60% -70% of the total filling amount; or the dust is mainly rock dust, the foam filling amount is 65% -75%, and the filling amount of the large-particle foam with the size of 5-10mm accounts for 60% -70% of the total filling amount.
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| CN202011500160.4A CN112473276B (en) | 2020-12-18 | 2020-12-18 | Multistage filtration mining dustproof curtain based on light particle bed |
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| CN202011500160.4A CN112473276B (en) | 2020-12-18 | 2020-12-18 | Multistage filtration mining dustproof curtain based on light particle bed |
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