CN112473068A - High-activity material digestion device - Google Patents
High-activity material digestion device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112473068A CN112473068A CN202011409389.7A CN202011409389A CN112473068A CN 112473068 A CN112473068 A CN 112473068A CN 202011409389 A CN202011409389 A CN 202011409389A CN 112473068 A CN112473068 A CN 112473068A
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- activity material
- water
- digestion unit
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 210000005056 cell body Anatomy 0.000 description 13
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004200 deflagration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000103 lithium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003351 stiffener Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
- A62D3/30—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents
- A62D3/35—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents by hydrolysis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
- A62D2101/06—Explosives, propellants or pyrotechnics, e.g. rocket fuel or napalm
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention particularly relates to a high-activity material digestion device which comprises an outer tank, an inner tank, a water inlet pipe and a support, wherein the inner tank is arranged in the outer tank, one end of the support is connected with the bottom of the inner tank, the other end of the support is connected with the bottom of the inner part of the outer tank, and the water inlet pipe extends into the outer tank. The high-activity material digestion device provided by the invention can control the digestion reaction speed, so that the digestion reaction is carried out at a constant speed and stably; the safety risk in the digestion process of the high-activity material is reduced; the digestion efficiency of the high-activity materials is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high-activity material treatment, and particularly relates to a high-activity material digestion device.
Background
The high activity material is lithium hydride powder having a particle size of 200-300 mesh. The high-activity material has active chemical property, and can quickly react with water after contacting with water to generate deflagration or explosion. In the air, when the humidity is more than 70%, chemical reaction is also easy to occur, and a large amount of heat and hydrogen gas are released during the reaction. Under the heating condition, the high-activity dust is easy to decompose, and explosive gas and combustible substances are generated.
There are two methods of digesting highly active materials. One digestion method is to first reduce the activity of the highly active material and then add the reduced activity highly active material to water to react the reduced activity highly active material with the water. Alternatively, water may be added directly to the highly reactive material to react the highly reactive material with the water. The highly reactive material reacts with water to form lithium hydroxide and hydrogen gas, which is rapidly released into the air during the reaction.
The main problems with these two digestion modes are:
(1) the reaction speed is not easy to control;
(2) the reaction is very violent, and the combustion and even explosion easily occur in the digestion process;
(3) the digestion time is long and the digestion efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on this, it is necessary to provide a digestion device capable of rapidly digesting highly active materials, ensuring the safety and controllability of the digestion process, and realizing the safe and rapid digestion of highly active materials, aiming at the problems of the existing digestion method of highly active materials, such as the difficulty in controlling the reaction speed, the high safety risk, and the low digestion efficiency.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a high active material digestion device, includes outer pond, interior pond, inlet tube and support, interior pond sets up in outer pond, support one end is connected bottom the interior pond, the support other end is connected bottom the inside of outer pond, the inlet tube stretches to outside inside the pond.
The working principle is as follows: the high-activity materials are added into the inner pool and are spread evenly. And then slowly opening a valve of the water inlet pipe, adding water into the outer tank, gradually raising the water level, controlling the water adding speed when the water level is contacted with the high-activity materials, keeping the water amount added into the outer tank in unit time below a critical point of combustion or explosion, enabling the water to be uniformly contacted with the high-activity materials, slowly contacting with the high-activity materials, and carrying out digestion reaction with the high-activity materials. Under the same condition, the bottom area of the inner pool is increased, and the digestion efficiency of the high-activity materials can be improved.
Further, the inner pond comprises a cylinder body, flanges, a wire mesh plate, a reinforcing plate and bolts, the lower end of the cylinder body is sequentially connected with the wire mesh plate and the reinforcing plate from top to bottom, the flanges are connected to two sides of the lower end of the cylinder body and fixed with the reinforcing plate through the bolts, and the diameter of meshes of the wire mesh plate is not larger than the particle size of the high-activity material.
Furthermore, threaded holes matched with the bolts are formed in the center of the flange, bolt holes matched with the bolts are uniformly formed outside the hole forming area on the reinforcing plate, and the bolts penetrate through the bolt holes to fix the flange and the reinforcing plate.
Furthermore, the silk screen plate is formed by superposing at least two layers of silk screen plates.
Further, the cylinder is a round steel pipe, the flange is a round steel plate, and the wire mesh plate is made of steel materials.
Furthermore, small holes are uniformly formed in the hole forming area on the reinforcing plate.
Furthermore, two sides of the lower end of the cylinder body are welded with connecting flanges.
Further, outer pond includes cell body, bottom plate, overflow pipe, liquid level pipe, bleeder line and inlet tube, the bottom plate is connected to the cell body lower extreme, bleeder line, inlet tube, overflow pipe and liquid level pipe are connected respectively to the cell body, the overflow pipe is located the cell body upper end, the inlet tube is located cell body upper portion, the bleeder line is located the cell body bottom.
Furthermore, the tank body is a cylinder, the bottom plate is a steel plate, and the cylinder is connected with the steel plate in a welding mode and used for containing reacted media and water.
Furthermore, the overflow pipe is a steel pipe and is welded and connected to the upper end of the pool body.
Further, the liquid level pipe is a steel pipe, and the liquid level pipe is welded on the tank body.
Further, the liquid discharge pipe is a steel pipe and is welded at the bottom of the pool body.
Further, the inlet tube is the steel pipe, inlet tube welded connection is on cell body upper portion.
Further, the support comprises a base plate and support legs, a reinforcing plate is connected to the upper portion of the base plate, the support legs are connected to the lower portion of the base plate, and a bottom plate is connected to the lower portions of the support legs.
Furthermore, the backing plate is the round steel plate, and the centre is provided with "ten" word strengthening rib, the stabilizer blade is the steel pipe, and total 4, evenly distributed is in the backing plate below, with backing plate welded connection.
A method of digesting a highly reactive material comprising the steps of:
1. determining the critical point of combustion or explosion when the high-activity material is digested;
2. the contact amount of the high-activity material and the water is controlled below the critical point of combustion or explosion, and the contact area of the high-activity material and the water is increased.
The step 2 is realized by a high-activity material digestion device.
Further, the water flow speed in the inner pool is controlled to be 0.08-0.15 g/cm2/min。
The working principle is as follows: the contact amount of the high-activity material and water is controlled, the high-activity material and the water are subjected to chemical reaction in unit time, and the hydrogen and heat released by the reaction are controlled. The generated hydrogen and heat are controlled within a safe range, and the digestion is safe. The rate of addition of water, the total amount added, determines the rate of digestion of the high active material. To increase the digestion rate of the highly active material, the rate of addition of water, the total amount of water added per unit time, must be increased. Under the condition of a certain total amount of added water, the contact area of the high-activity material and water is increased, so that hydrogen and heat generated in unit area are in a safe range, and safe digestion is realized.
The invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
the high-activity material digestion device provided by the invention can control the digestion reaction speed, so that the digestion reaction is carried out at a constant speed and stably; the safety risk in the digestion process of the high-activity material is reduced; the digestion efficiency of the high-activity materials is improved.
According to the high-activity material digestion device provided by the invention, the digestion reaction speed of the high-activity material is controlled by controlling the water amount added into the outer pool; by increasing the area of the bottom of the inner tank, the high-activity materials can be quickly and safely digested. When the water flow speed in the inner pool is controlled to be 0.08-0.15 g/cm2And/min, the digestion reaction is carried out on the high-activity materials, and the method is safe. The water adding amount can be increased by increasing the contact area of the high-activity material in the inner pool and water. The digestion speed of the high-activity materials is accelerated by increasing the water adding amount.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an inner tank;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a stiffener structure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an outer tank;
FIG. 4 is a front view of the stent;
FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of the stand;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-activity material digestion device.
Wherein:
1. a barrel; 2. a flange; 3. a wire mesh plate; 4. a reinforcing plate; 5. a bolt; 6. bolt hole-B; 7. a small hole; 8. an opening area; 9. a tank body; 10. a base plate; 11. an overflow pipe; 12. a liquid level tube; 13. a liquid discharging pipe; 14 a water inlet pipe; 15. a base plate; 16. and (3) a support leg.
Detailed Description
A method of digesting a highly reactive material comprising the steps of:
1. determining the critical point of combustion or explosion when the high-activity material is digested;
2. the contact amount of the high-activity material and the water is controlled below the critical point of combustion or explosion, and the contact area of the high-activity material and the water is increased.
The risk of digestion of highly active materials comes from: the highly reactive materials react with water quickly, releasing a large amount of hydrogen and a large amount of heat. In the air, because of the existence of a large amount of oxygen, the explosion range of hydrogen and oxygen is relatively large, and deflagration or explosion is easy to occur under the high-temperature condition.
The contact amount of the high-activity material and the water is controlled, the high-activity material and the water are subjected to chemical reaction in unit time, and the hydrogen and heat released by the reaction are controlled. The generated hydrogen and heat are controlled within a safe range, and the digestion is safe. The rate of addition of water, the total amount added, determines the rate of digestion of the high active material. To increase the digestion rate of the highly active material, the rate of addition of water, the total amount of water added per unit time, must be increased. Under the condition of a certain total amount of added water, the contact area of the high-activity material and water is increased, so that hydrogen and heat generated in unit area are in a safe range, and safe digestion is realized.
The utility model provides a high active material digestion device, includes outer pond, interior pond, inlet tube and support, interior pond sets up in outer pond, support one end is connected bottom the interior pond, the support other end is connected bottom the inside of outer pond, the inlet tube stretches to outside inside the pond.
The working principle is as follows: the high-activity materials are added into the inner pool and are spread evenly. And then slowly opening a valve of the water inlet pipe, adding water into the outer tank, gradually raising the water level, controlling the water adding speed when the water level is contacted with the high-activity materials, keeping the water amount added into the outer tank in unit time below a critical point of combustion or explosion, enabling the water to be uniformly contacted with the high-activity materials, slowly contacting with the high-activity materials, and carrying out digestion reaction with the high-activity materials. Under the same condition, the bottom area of the inner pool is increased, and the digestion efficiency of the high-activity materials can be improved.
Further, the inner pond comprises a barrel body 1, flanges 2, a wire mesh plate 3, reinforcing plates 4 and bolts 5, the lower end of the barrel body 1 is sequentially connected with the wire mesh plate 3 and the reinforcing plates 4 from top to bottom, the flanges 2 are welded to two sides of the lower end of the barrel body 1, the flanges 2 and the reinforcing plates 4 are fixed through the bolts 5, and the mesh diameter of the wire mesh plate 3 is not larger than the particle size of a high-activity material.
Further, a bolt hole-A matched with the bolt 5 is formed in the center of the flange 2, bolt holes-B6 matched with the bolt 5 are uniformly formed outside an opening area 8 on the reinforcing plate 4, and the bolt 5 penetrates through the bolt hole-A and the bolt hole-B6 to fix the flange 2 and the reinforcing plate 4.
Further, the wire mesh plate 3 can adopt a single-layer wire mesh plate, and can also adopt a plurality of layers of wire mesh plates for superposition.
Further, the cylinder body 1 is a round steel pipe, the flange 2 is a round steel plate, and the wire mesh plate 3 is made of steel materials.
Furthermore, small holes 7 are uniformly formed in the hole forming area 8 of the reinforcing plate 4.
Further, outer pond includes cell body 9, bottom plate 10, overflow pipe 11, liquid level pipe 12, casting pipe 13 and inlet tube 14, bottom plate 10 is connected to cell body 9 lower extreme, overflow pipe 11, liquid level pipe 12, casting pipe 13 and inlet tube 14 are connected respectively to cell body 9, overflow pipe 11 is located cell body 9 upper end, casting pipe 13 is located cell body 9 bottom, inlet tube 14 is located cell body 9 upper portion.
Further, the tank body 9 is a cylinder, the bottom plate 10 is a steel plate, and the tank body 9 and the bottom plate 10 are connected by welding and used for containing reacted media and water.
Further, the overflow pipe 11 is a steel pipe, and the overflow pipe 11 is welded and connected to the upper end of the tank body.
Further, the liquid level pipe 12 is a steel pipe, and the liquid level pipe 12 is welded to the tank body.
Further, the liquid discharging pipe 13 is a steel pipe, and the liquid discharging pipe 13 is welded and connected to the bottom of the tank body.
Further, the water inlet pipe 14 is a steel pipe, and the water inlet pipe 14 is welded and connected to the upper portion of the tank body.
Further, the support comprises a backing plate 15 and a support leg 16, the reinforcing plate 4 is connected above the backing plate 15, the support leg 16 is connected below the backing plate 15, and the bottom plate 10 is connected below the support leg 16.
Further, the backing plate 15 is a round steel plate, the middle of the backing plate is provided with a cross-shaped reinforcing rib, the support legs 16 are steel pipes, the total number of the support legs is 4, the support legs are uniformly distributed below the backing plate 15 and are connected with the backing plate 15 in a welding mode.
Further, the water flow speed in the inner pool is controlled to be 0.08-0.15 g/cm2/min。
Further, the diameter of the inner pool is phi 1, 120-500 mm;
further, the diameter of the outer pool is phi 2, 150 and 650 mm;
further, the diameter of the water inlet pipe 14 is phi 3, 10-40 mm;
further, the diameter phi of the liquid discharge pipe 13 is 4, 20-40 mm;
furthermore, the diameter of the overflow pipe 11 is phi 5, 20-60 mm;
further, the diameter of the liquid level pipe 12 is phi 6, and is 20-60 mm;
further, the height h1, 250-;
further, the height h2, 200 and 450mm of the inner pool;
further, the height h3 of the bracket is 100-300 mm;
furthermore, the height difference of the inner pool and the outer pool is h4 and is 10-30 mm;
further, the distance h5 between the overflow pipe 11 and the top of the outer pool is 20-50 mm;
further, the distance between the liquid level pipe 12 and the bottom of the reaction outer pool is h6, 150 and 300 mm.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a high active material digestion device, its characterized in that, includes outer pond, interior pond, inlet tube and support, interior pond sets up in outer pond, support one end is connected with interior bottom of the pool portion, the support other end is connected with the inside bottom in outer pond, the inlet tube stretches to outside inside the pond.
2. The highly active material digestion unit according to claim 1, wherein the inner tank comprises a cylinder, flanges, a wire mesh plate, a reinforcing plate and bolts, the lower end of the cylinder is connected with the wire mesh plate and the reinforcing plate in sequence from top to bottom, the flanges are connected to two sides of the lower end of the cylinder and fixed with the reinforcing plate through the bolts, and the mesh diameter of the wire mesh plate is not larger than the grain diameter of the highly active material.
3. The digestion unit according to claim 2, wherein the flange has a threaded hole at the center thereof for receiving the bolt, and the reinforcing plate has bolt holes at the outer side of the hole area for receiving the bolt, and the bolt penetrates the bolt holes to fix the flange and the reinforcing plate.
4. The high activity material digestion unit as recited in claim 2, wherein said barrel is a round steel tube, said flange is a round steel plate, and said wire mesh plate is made of steel material.
5. The digestion unit as recited in claim 2, wherein the reinforcing plate is perforated with apertures uniformly in the area of the perforations.
6. The high-activity material digestion unit according to claim 1, wherein the outer tank comprises a tank body, a bottom plate, an overflow pipe, a liquid level pipe, a liquid discharge pipe and a water inlet pipe, the bottom plate is connected to the lower end of the tank body, the tank body is respectively connected to the liquid discharge pipe, the water inlet pipe, the overflow pipe and the liquid level pipe, the overflow pipe is located at the upper end of the tank body, the water inlet pipe is located at the upper part of the tank body, and the liquid discharge pipe is located at the bottom of the tank body.
7. The high activity material digestion unit according to claim 6, wherein said tank body is a cylinder, said bottom plate is a steel plate, said cylinder is welded to the steel plate for containing the reacted medium and water.
8. The high activity material digestion unit according to claim 6, wherein said overflow pipe, level pipe, liquid discharge pipe and water inlet pipe are all steel pipes.
9. The high activity material digestion unit according to claim 1, wherein said support frame comprises a base plate and legs, said base plate is connected to the bottom of the inner tank above, said base plate is connected to the legs below, said legs are connected to the bottom of the inner tank below.
10. A method of digesting a highly reactive material, comprising the steps of:
step 1, determining a critical point of combustion or explosion when a high-activity material is digested;
step 2, controlling the contact amount of the high-activity material and water to be below a critical point of combustion or explosion, and increasing the contact area of the high-activity material and water;
the step 2 is performed by the high activity material digestion unit according to any of claims 1 to 9.
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