CN101428823A - Continuous processing method and apparatus for base metal for production of active carbon with alkali activation - Google Patents

Continuous processing method and apparatus for base metal for production of active carbon with alkali activation Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101428823A
CN101428823A CNA2008101628258A CN200810162825A CN101428823A CN 101428823 A CN101428823 A CN 101428823A CN A2008101628258 A CNA2008101628258 A CN A2008101628258A CN 200810162825 A CN200810162825 A CN 200810162825A CN 101428823 A CN101428823 A CN 101428823A
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alkali
gac
basic metal
activation
oxidizing tower
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CNA2008101628258A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈再华
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ZHEJIANG FULAISEN BAMBOO CHARCOAL CO Ltd
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ZHEJIANG FULAISEN BAMBOO CHARCOAL CO Ltd
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Priority to CNA2008101628258A priority Critical patent/CN101428823A/en
Publication of CN101428823A publication Critical patent/CN101428823A/en
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Abstract

The invention provides an alkali metal continuous processing method for manufacturing activated carbon by alkali activation, which includes steps as follows: waste gas generated in the process of manufacturing activated carbon by alkali activation is introduced into an exhaust pipe and exhausted into an oxidation column, and the exhaust pipe is heated for insulation; the gas exhausted in step (1) utilizes air to oxidize alkali metal into alkali metal oxide in the oxidation column, and is cooled in airflows; and the powder of alkali metal oxide cooled in step (2) are brought into a recycling room by airflows, and washed for recycling by water spraying and dissolving in the recycling room. The invention further provides an alkali metal continuous processing device for manufacturing activated carbon by alkali activation. The invention thoroughly solves the safety problem of alkali metal, and the industrialization continuous production of manufacturing activated carbon with high specific surface by alkali activation is possible. In addition, the harmful organic ingredients in the activated gas can be burnt to remove and sprayed to absorb in the treating process, and the treated alkali metal can be recycled and utilized.

Description

The basic metal continous treatment process and the treatment unit of gac made in a kind of alkali activation
Technical field
The present invention relates to the alkali activation and make the basic metal continous treatment process and the treatment unit of gac.
Background technology
Active carbon with high specific surface area has extremely flourishing pore structure, is widely used in various fields as sorbent material.In addition, the application at aspects such as solid catalyst, catalyst carriers also has prospect.In recent years, high-specific surface area, highly purified gac are extremely gazed at as the electrode materials of electric double layer capacitance (EDLC) and fuel cell.Activation method when gac is made generally is divided into gas activation and medicine activation, and gas activation adopts gases such as carbonic acid gas, water vapour to carry out; The medicine activation is to come activatory by zinc chloride, phosphoric acid, alkali metal hydroxide pharmaceutical chemicalss such as (KOH, NaOH etc.).And wherein the activation effect of KOH is best, and not only the gac specific surface area height of gained, pore distribute rationally, and the yield of gac is also high, and the alkali activated carbon of preparation is the crucial electrode materials of present optimal ultracapacitor etc.But the alkali activating technology is applied to the industrialization manufacturing or inconvenient continuously of gac.Because the activated back of a KOH part remains in the product with the form of compounds such as salt of wormwood, another part leaves Reaktionsofen (container) with the form of potassium metal steam with hot gas flow.Because alkali-metal zero pour height, alkali metal vapour easily solidifies when chance is cold, separates out and grow into the basic metal xln at the vapor pipe inwall, meeting intense reaction when running into air, moisture, and the danger that may be accompanied by burning, blast takes place.The existence of this production safety hidden danger causes the industrialization of this gac to realize, can only rest on laboratory study and a spot of sample preparation steps at present.
Therefore, when utilizing KOH etc. to carry out alkali activation mass production gac, should note the danger that basic metal causes, in time handle the potassium that produces.At present, on discontinuous basic metal activation manufacturing activated carbon process, some alkali metal treated methods have been adopted, reduce gaseous emission face and quantity discharged as on activating container, adding a cover, on gas discharge hole (or slit) porous materials such as charcoal, bamboo charcoal, gac are set, its principle is to utilize the carbonic acid gas absorb basic metal and these raw material of wood-charcoal material oxidized generations at high temperature etc. to reach processing intent with the alkali-metal carbonate of basic metal reaction formation.Though this method can reduce potential safety hazard by treating part basic metal, has many problems, as 1. handling basic metal fully, potential safety hazard still exists; 2. use porous material to increase cost; 3. the gas of Chan Shenging can't unobstructed discharge activating container, and internal pressure increases makes priming reaction influenced, and activation efficiency reduces; 4. increase the usage quantity of alkali, washing, draining after also giving when raising the cost are handled and are added to the difficulties; 5. this method can only be suitable for batch production, can not be used for continuous production, and operational difficulty, productivity are low, and energy dissipation is big.Also just like patent of invention: mention among application number 200610034388.2, the 200610123444.X and utilize kerosene to preserve potassium metal, but do not mention concrete recovery scheme and measure.This method is general general knowledge, and the concrete application of producing in the alkali activatory gac in industrialization is difficult, as the potassium metal in the vapor pipe how to handle, the security measures etc. of kerosene under the high temperature.Patent of invention in addition: mention a kind of method that relaxes the potassium metal harm that generates in the reaction process in the application number 200710022323.0, promptly in activation furnace, import a certain amount of water vapour or methyl alcohol or ethanol, generate KOH or potassium alcoholate with the potassium metal reaction, reduce the eliminating of potassium metal, reach the purpose that reduces potential safety hazard.But this method can only alleviate potential safety hazard, can not solve safety problem fully.In addition, in alkali activation, add these extremely strong materials of oxidisability at high temperature, not only at high temperature produce a large amount of hydrogen and bring new potential safety hazard, and reduce the yield and the activation effect of gac, also can influence the qualities such as pore of gac.
Summary of the invention
The present invention's technical problem at first to be solved provides the basic metal continous treatment process that gac is made in a kind of alkali activation, need not closed grate hole, in activation furnace, do not adding under the situation of oxide compounds such as water vapour, the basic metal that produces in the time of can handling activation continuously.For this reason, the present invention is by the following technical solutions: it may further comprise the steps:
1). the waste gas that gac produces is made in alkali activation entered in the oxidizing tower by vapor pipe, vapor pipe is heated and be incubated, the interior temperature of vapor pipe remains on more than the alkali-metal boiling point,
2). will in oxidizing tower, utilize air that basic metal is oxidized to alkalimetal oxide through the step 1) expellant gas, and in air-flow, be cooled,
3). will be through step 2) cooled alkalimetal oxide powder enters in the drive of air-flow and reclaim the chamber, utilizes the dissolving of water spray to carry out washing and recycling reclaiming the chamber.
Owing to adopt technical scheme of the present invention, the present invention can handle the alkali activation continuously and make the waste gas that gac produces, and has thoroughly solved alkali-metal safety problem, and the industrialization continuous production that makes the alkali activation make active carbon with high specific surface area becomes possibility.And the harmful organic substance composition in the activated gas can burned removal in treating processes, spray absorbs, and the basic metal after the processing can be recovered utilization.
Another technical problem to be solved of the present invention provides the basic metal apparatus for continous treatment that gac is made in a kind of a kind of alkali activation that can use aforesaid method.For this reason, the present invention is by the following technical solutions: it comprises oxidizing tower, reclaims the chamber, the top of described oxidizing tower links to each other by first connecting tube with the venting port that the container of gac is made in the alkali activation, and the bottom of described oxidizing tower links to each other by second connecting tube with the bottom of reclaiming the chamber; The top of reclaiming the chamber is provided with venting port and air exhausting device, reclaims the indoor spray equipment that is provided with, and first connecting tube is provided with heating unit and heat preservation mechanism (as shown in Figure 1) outward.
Because adopt technical scheme of the present invention, the present invention has following technique effect
1. by heat tracing to the connecting tube between the venting port of the container of oxidizing tower top and alkali activation manufacturing gac, the basic metal that alkali activation is made in the container institute expellant gas of gac enters in the oxidizing tower with the state of steam, can not separate out crystallization in pipe.Simultaneously, also eliminate the basic metal that activation furnace (container) the vapor pipe tube wall in the equipment in the past separated out and adhered to the potential safety hazard that is produced.
2. by the atmospheric oxidation in the oxidizing tower, make basic metal become oxide compound, reduce its activity, after the reaction of chance water the time can not produce hydrogen, the danger of eliminate burning, exploding.
Since the temperature of the connecting tube between the venting port of the container of oxidizing tower top and alkali activation manufacturing gac remain on more than the alkali-metal boiling point, the inflammable gas that produces during activation can be removed the harmful organic substance composition in the activated gas in the burning of exit, oxidizing tower inner connection tube road.
4. by air exhausting device oxidizing tower is carried out exhausting,, can also accelerate refrigerative speed except for providing in the oxidizing tower the enough oxygen.
5. reclaim the indoor water spray of carrying out, can clean the soluble components in the exhaust, alkaline matter etc. can be discharged in the air.
6. because the effect of air exhausting device makes the faint negative pressure of maintenance in the activation furnace, can quicken activatory speed, enhance productivity.
7. can reclaim the chamber mother liquor, utilize by handling effectively again.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 makes the synoptic diagram of the basic metal apparatus for continous treatment embodiment of gac for the alkali activation that this patent provided.
Fig. 2 is the organigram of the recovery chamber among Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the organigram that prevents heating tube and the airtight stainless steel box of thermal insulation layer corrosive.
Fig. 4 is the synoptic diagram of oxidizing tower perforate and operator's console.
Embodiment
As shown in drawings, the basic metal apparatus for continous treatment that gac is made in alkali activation provided by the present invention mainly is made up of three parts: 1) oxidizing tower, 2) reclaim the chamber, 3) connecting tube between the top of oxidizing tower and the venting port of the container of alkali activation manufacturing gac and heating, attemperator.Be described in detail as follows:
1). the main effect of oxidizing tower 1 is, the container of making gac from the alkali activation is that the high temperature basic metal that activation furnace is discharged generates alkalimetal oxide with airborne oxygen reaction in this tower, cooled off in the process of landing from top to bottom with air-flow, arranged to reclaiming chamber 2 by the passage 2-4 at the bottom of the tower.Above oxidizing tower, be provided with block 1-1 above the air intlet 1-2, prevent that rainwater etc. from entering in the oxidizing tower 1, below be provided with foot rest 1-6, be used for fixing and support oxidizing tower 1.
2). the effect of reclaiming chamber 2 is 1. to be provided with vent fan 2-3 up, form the air flow line of entire treatment system, make air flow direction suck air from the top air intlet 1-2 of oxidizing tower, along the cylinder 1-5 of oxidizing tower 1 from top to bottom, finally enter from the bottom of reclaiming the chamber by connecting passage 2-4 and reclaim the chamber, drawing reference numeral 2-1 indication is the motor of vent fan.2. reclaiming the indoor rotary shower 2-8 that is provided with, under the promotion of the water spray of both sides different directions, rotate, comprehensively spray indoor, the soluble substances such as alkalimetal oxide in the flush away gas, spray water provides recycle by the water pump of bottom from water tank 2-5.3. in order to make washing more perfect, 2 upper and lowers respectively are provided with a porous filter screen 2-9 in the recovery chamber, put into the packing material 2-10 with exhaust-duct betwixt, to increase its contact surface (as shown in Figure 2).4. the water among the water tank 2-5 can be discharged into outside liquids recovery storage tank by water port 2-7 by water-in 2-6 water inlet, to reduce the salt concn in the water.The motor 2-1 of vent fan is located in the above, is provided with net defence 2-2 on vent fan, prevents that foreign matter from falling into recovery chamber 2 from above.Gas after spray washing is handled upwards flows from the below of reclaiming the chamber, and outside vent fan 2-3 discharger, the liquid after the washing flows into water tank 2-5.
3). it is that the gas that comes out from activation furnace is remained on more than the alkali-metal boiling point in connecting tube 1-4 that the heating unit of the connecting tube 1-4 between the venting port of the container of the top of oxidizing tower and alkali activation manufacturing gac and heat preservation mechanism mainly act on, and is generally 700-1000 ℃.The basic metal that priming reaction generates can the chance cold analysis goes out attached to tube wall in pipe on, enter in the oxidizing tower 1 with the state of steam.But described heating unit adopts the electric heater unit of temperature control, and an electric heating element in the described electric heater unit is the electrothermal tube of circle geometric pattern or straight pipe type, and described electrothermal tube is contained in outside the connecting tube 1-4 outer wall, wraps thermal insulation layer 1-3 thereon.Described electric heater unit can be divided into the heating zone that plurality of sections can be carried out temperature control respectively, perhaps is not divided into plurality of sections and the control of accepting same temperature control mechanism is heated connecting tube 1-4.
As shown in Figure 3, can carry out oxidation better, in oxidizing tower, also have the extensional pipeline of connecting tube 1-4 for the ease of the gas that enters in the oxidizing tower.In order to prevent that gas, powder in the oxidizing tower is to the corrosion of the heating tube on the extensional pipeline, thermal insulation layer, closed stainless steel box 1-7 in welding between connecting tube 1-4 exit and oxidizing tower body 1-5, the heating tube on cut-out gas etc. and the extensional pipeline, the contact between the thermal insulation layer.
Oxidizing tower 1, the size that reclaims chamber 2, the size of air intlet 1-2, the caliber of connecting tube 1-4 etc. will be decided according to the situation of actual production.For oxidation fully and cooling, the height general requirement of oxidizing tower 1 is more than 2 meters, more preferably 3~4 meters; Diameter is generally more than 1 meter, more preferably 1.5~2 meters; Its material is preferably selected stainless steel for use, and thickness is more than 1.5 millimeters, more preferably the 2-3 millimeter.Iron material that the material employing stainless steel of recovery chamber 2, surface scribble rust-inhibiting paint and plastics etc.Reclaim chamber 2 can with outdoor water cooling unit commonly used in addition suitable transformation form.The material of connecting tube 1-4 is generally selected stainless steel for use, and heating tube will adopt megathermal circle geometric pattern or straight pipe type heating tube to be close on the vapor pipe 1-4, divides 1~4 section temperature control; Insulation material 1-3 adopts megathermal material, and as lightweight (porous matter) lime carbonate, silicate, aluminum oxide etc., thickness is more than 6 centimetres, more preferably 8~15 centimetres.Here be stressed that the free air delivery of vent fan 2-3, not only to satisfy the required air of basic metal oxidation, air consumption during the burning of inflammable gass such as the hydrogen that produces in the time of also will considering activation, carbon monoxide, the ratio of inflammable gas and oxygen of controlling is being ignited under the concentration (generally will remain on below 2%).
By the following examples, the present invention is carried out more specific description.
Embodiment 1
Generation gas when utilizing device of the present invention to alkali activation manufacturing gac is handled, and the activation furnace expellant gas runs into air combustion in oxidizing tower, the harmful organic composition in minimizing or the removal exhaust.According to the alkali metal concn in the recycle-water solution of mensuration recovery chamber and the calculation result of the residual alkali-metal amount in the activator, the alkali metal vapour that produces in the time of can confirming from activation all is recovered after this device is handled, do not have the residual alkali metal in the vapor pipe, this device is effective and feasible.
Embodiment 2
By transformation, can observe and clean oxidizing tower and vapor pipe inside to treatment unit.Hole opening about 30 centimetres of one 40 cm x on the oxidizing tower cylindrical body of connecting tube 1-4 right opposite disposes a stainless steel cover 3-1 to be opened/closed thereon.Uncap, the situation that can observe oxidizing tower and vapor pipe inside also can be cleaned it in case of necessity.Outside oxidizing tower, set up one and be furnished with stagewise fixed stand 3-2, so that personnel operate (as shown in Figure 4) thereon.
Embodiment 3
With (800 ℃ of the carbides of resol, charing in 2 hours, median size is 200-400 μ m) with after KOH mixes according to the weight ratio of 1:3, place the nickel activation furnace, kept 2 hours after being warmed up to 550 ℃ under in nitrogen atmosphere, stirring, make reactant form powder (particulate) shape, be warmed up to 800 ℃ then, keep after 30 minutes, resultant entered be cooled in the water cooler below 50 ℃, discharging the back arrives neutral with hot water/hot salt acid elution, reclaim washings, the temperature of vapor pipe remains on 800 ℃ in the reactivation process, utilizes apparatus of the present invention that potassium metal is carried out safe handling, reclaim.Utilize ICP mensuration washing and recycling liquid and potassium metal to handle the concentration that reclaims potassium metal in the liquid, the total amount of the potassium of calculating.Its result is summarized in table 1.As can be seen, handle through apparatus of the present invention, potassium metal does not have at vapor pipe residual substantially.Gac drying after the washing, its performance is as shown in table 2, and specific surface area surpasses 2000m 2/ g.
Embodiment 4
Directly mix according to the weight ratio of 1:3 with reclaiming polyester (PET) thin slice with KOH, place the nickel activation furnace, in nitrogen atmosphere, be heated to 350 ℃, kept 30 minutes, allow PET decompose at this temperature section, the temperature of vapor pipe at this moment is controlled to be 350 ℃-400 ℃, and purpose is to make resolvent discharge vapor pipe with the state of gas.Experimental techniques such as activation afterwards, washing, potassium processing, mensuration are identical with embodiment 3, the processing of potassium metal is reclaimed the result and is summarized in table 1, as can be seen, directly makes the occasion of active carbon with high specific surface area with resin, handle through apparatus of the present invention, potassium metal does not have at vapor pipe residual substantially.The performance of gained gac is as shown in table 2, and the specific surface area height surpasses 3000m 2/ g.
The result of table 1 potassium metal
The ratio of K (%) in the washing and recycling The ratio (%) of K during potassium metal is handled and reclaimed Account for raw material overall proportion (%)
Embodiment 3 52.1 47.7 99.8
Embodiment 4 63.6 36.1 99.7
The performance of table 2 gac
Specific surface area (m 2/g) Total hole volume (cm 3/g) Aperture (nm) the most frequently Bulk density
Embodiment 3 2310 1.08 1-3 0.46
Embodiment 4 3260 1.24 1-3.5 0.35

Claims (10)

1. an alkali activates the basic metal continous treatment process of making gac, it is characterized in that it may further comprise the steps:
1). the waste gas that gac produces is made in alkali activation entered in the oxidizing tower by vapor pipe, vapor pipe is heated and be incubated, the interior temperature of vapor pipe remains on more than the alkali-metal boiling point,
2). will in oxidizing tower, utilize air that basic metal is oxidized to alkalimetal oxide through the step 1) expellant gas, and in air-flow, be cooled,
3). will be through step 2) cooled alkalimetal oxide powder enters in the drive of air-flow and reclaim the chamber, utilizes the dissolving of water spray to carry out washing and recycling reclaiming the chamber.
2. the basic metal continous treatment process of gac is made in a kind of alkali activation as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described alkali activation activates carbon raw materials for one or more the mixture that utilizes alkali-metal oxyhydroxide and alkali-metal oxide compound.
3. the basic metal continous treatment process of gac is made in a kind of alkali activation as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the temperature in the vapor pipe described in the step 1) remains on 700-1000 ℃.
4. the basic metal continous treatment process of gac is made in a kind of alkali activation as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that step 2) and step 3) described in air-flow be that exhaust by the air exhausting device that reclaims top, chamber equipment forms, the top of the waste gas autoxidation tower described in the described step 1) enters oxidizing tower, and oxidizing tower is discharged in the bottom of autoxidation tower under the guiding of air-flow, then, enter the recovery chamber from the bottom of recovery chamber, indoor in recovery, under the guiding of air-flow, rise and discharge recovery chamber.
5. an alkali activates the basic metal apparatus for continous treatment of making gac, it is characterized in that it comprises oxidizing tower, reclaims the chamber, the top of described oxidizing tower links to each other by first connecting tube with the venting port that the container of gac is made in the alkali activation, and the bottom of described oxidizing tower links to each other by second connecting tube with the bottom of reclaiming the chamber; The top of reclaiming the chamber is provided with venting port and air exhausting device, reclaims the indoor spray equipment that is provided with, and first connecting tube is provided with heating unit and heat preservation mechanism outward.
6. the basic metal apparatus for continous treatment of gac is made in a kind of alkali activation as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that but described heating unit adopts the electric heater unit of temperature control, an electric heating element in the described electric heater unit is the electrothermal tube of circle geometric pattern or straight pipe type, and described electrothermal tube is contained in outside first connecting tube.
7. the basic metal apparatus for continous treatment of gac is made in a kind of alkali activation as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that described electric heater unit is divided into the heating zone that plurality of sections can be carried out temperature control respectively.
8. the basic metal apparatus for continous treatment of gac is made in a kind of alkali activation as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that described oxidizing tower is provided with logical extraneous inlet mouth above first connecting tube.
9. the basic metal apparatus for continous treatment of gac is made in a kind of alkali activation as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that described recovery is indoor to be provided with two-layer filtering net below spray equipment, is provided with the filler with exhaust-duct between the filtering net.
10. the basic metal apparatus for continous treatment of gac is made in a kind of alkali activation as claimed in claim 5; it is characterized in that it also has the extensional pipeline of first connecting tube in oxidizing tower, in oxidizing tower, also be provided with airtight case heating unit on the extensional pipeline and heat preservation mechanism protection.
CNA2008101628258A 2008-12-11 2008-12-11 Continuous processing method and apparatus for base metal for production of active carbon with alkali activation Pending CN101428823A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103072985A (en) * 2013-01-10 2013-05-01 大连理工大学 Continuous alkali activation device and method for preparing activated carbon with high specific surface area
CN103599681A (en) * 2013-12-09 2014-02-26 浙江富来森中竹科技有限公司 Tail gas continuous processing device utilizing alkaline activation to prepare activated carbon and tail gas continuous processing method thereof
CN112106239A (en) * 2018-06-06 2020-12-18 株式会社吴羽 Method and apparatus for producing carbonaceous material for negative electrode of nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103072985A (en) * 2013-01-10 2013-05-01 大连理工大学 Continuous alkali activation device and method for preparing activated carbon with high specific surface area
CN103072985B (en) * 2013-01-10 2014-07-23 大连理工大学 Continuous alkali activation device and method for preparing activated carbon with high specific surface area
CN103599681A (en) * 2013-12-09 2014-02-26 浙江富来森中竹科技有限公司 Tail gas continuous processing device utilizing alkaline activation to prepare activated carbon and tail gas continuous processing method thereof
CN112106239A (en) * 2018-06-06 2020-12-18 株式会社吴羽 Method and apparatus for producing carbonaceous material for negative electrode of nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery
EP3806205A4 (en) * 2018-06-06 2021-07-21 Kureha Corporation Method and apparatus for producing carbonaceous material for negative electrodes of nonaqueous electrolyte secondary batteries
CN112106239B (en) * 2018-06-06 2022-03-29 株式会社吴羽 Method and apparatus for producing carbonaceous material for negative electrode of nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery
US11394019B2 (en) 2018-06-06 2022-07-19 Kureha Corporation Method for producing carbonaceous material for negative electrode of non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery and production apparatus thereof

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Application publication date: 20090513