CN112467388A - Design method of sparsely arrayed multi-frequency composite aperture array antenna - Google Patents
Design method of sparsely arrayed multi-frequency composite aperture array antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN112467388A CN112467388A CN202011256492.2A CN202011256492A CN112467388A CN 112467388 A CN112467388 A CN 112467388A CN 202011256492 A CN202011256492 A CN 202011256492A CN 112467388 A CN112467388 A CN 112467388A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
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- G—PHYSICS
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0087—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing antenna arrays
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
- H01Q5/28—Arrangements for establishing polarisation or beam width over two or more different wavebands
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Abstract
The invention discloses a design method of a sparsely arrayed multi-frequency composite aperture array antenna, which comprises the following steps: s1, completing array distribution of the frequency band 1 in the specified antenna aperture range; s2, analyzing the coupling relation among the frequency bands; s3, sequentially locking the available physical spaces from the frequency band 2 to the frequency band n; s4, setting array directional diagram indexes of each frequency band; s5, setting the sparsity ratio of each frequency band; s6, searching sparse positions of each frequency band and synthesizing an array factor directional diagram; and S7, judging whether the directional diagram index redundancy of each frequency band is met, if so, determining the sparse array arrangement position, otherwise, returning to the step S5, and resetting the sparse ratio of each frequency band. The invention can ensure that the directional diagram index of the low frequency band is not influenced while finishing the directional diagram index such as the beam width, the side lobe, the grating lobe and the like of the high frequency band, can efficiently finish the sparse array arrangement of the multi-band antenna, and can achieve the high frequency unit sparse ratio of 25 percent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sparse array of multi-band antennas, in particular to a design method of a sparse array multi-band composite aperture array antenna.
Background
In recent years, along with the expansion of various phased array radars to higher and higher frequency millimeter wave frequency bands, great challenges are brought to the dimensional accuracy, density and complexity of each module in the radar. In practical engineering, in order to ensure the spatial resolution and the scanning side lobe level of a phased array radar, a plurality of uniformly distributed antenna array elements and channels are generally required, but the uniform arrangement of antennas in a millimeter wave frequency band brings many limitations to the manufacturability and cost of the whole machine. Therefore, the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the radar can be effectively reduced by adopting the technology of sparsely arranging the antenna arrays.
The sparse array arrangement of the antennas refers to sparse arrangement of the position relationship among the antenna array elements in a specified antenna aperture range, and the indexes of beam width, side lobe level and the like of an antenna array are realized by using fewer antenna array elements, and usually realized by taking out part of the antenna array elements in a uniformly distributed full array.
The conventional sparse array calculation method is only designed for an array of a single frequency band and is not applicable to the application of dual-frequency or more-frequency-band common-interface surface compounding. In the design of a dual-frequency or multi-frequency coplanar array antenna, the unit parts of each frequency band are or are completely positioned in the same horizontal plane, if overlapping or shielding is generated, the antenna can not work normally, if the distance is too close, indexes such as directional diagram secondary lobes, beam width and the like are seriously deteriorated due to the coupling effect, in addition, the physical dimensions of feeding structures of all units, T/R components and other antenna unit lower parts limit the distance of the antenna units, so that the actual antenna unit arrangement generates a large amount of space position constraint conditions, and the calculation can not be carried out according to the idea of uniformly and fully arranging the array for extraction; on the other hand, according to objective physics rules, the physical size of the low-frequency unit is larger than that of the high-frequency unit, so that the low-frequency unit occupies more space of the array surface after being arranged, and the antenna units with higher frequency can only be distributed in the rest space at positions which do not influence or have smaller influence with the peripheral low-frequency unit. Therefore, the dual-frequency or multi-frequency composite orofacial array antenna design needs to synthesize a high-sparsity ratio pattern under the premise of a large amount of position constraint, and the pattern indexes of the low-frequency range are not affected while the pattern indexes of the high-frequency range, such as beam width, side lobes, grating lobes and the like, are completed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a design method of a sparsely-arranged multi-frequency composite aperture array antenna, which can ensure that the directional diagram index of a low frequency band is not influenced while finishing the directional diagram index of a high frequency band, such as beam width, side lobe, grating lobe and the like, and can efficiently finish the sparsely-arranged multi-frequency band antenna.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a design method of a sparsely arrayed multi-frequency composite array antenna sets the number of frequency bands in a multi-frequency antenna array as n, the sequence of each frequency band from low to high is from frequency band 1 to frequency band n, wherein n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, and comprises the following steps:
s1, completing array distribution of the frequency band 1 in the specified antenna aperture range;
s2, analyzing the coupling relation among the frequency bands;
s3, sequentially locking the available physical spaces from the frequency band 2 to the frequency band n;
s4, setting array directional diagram indexes of each frequency band;
s5, setting the sparsity ratio of each frequency band;
s6, searching sparse positions of each frequency band and synthesizing an array factor directional diagram;
s7, judging whether the directional diagram index redundancy of each frequency band is met, if so, entering the step S8, otherwise, returning to the step S5, and resetting the sparsity ratio of each frequency band;
and S8, determining the sparse array arrangement position.
In a further technical solution, when n is equal to 2, the method comprises the following steps:
a1, completing array distribution of frequency band 1 in the specified antenna aperture range;
a2, analyzing the double-frequency array element coupling relation between the frequency band 1 and the frequency band 2;
a3, locking the available physical space of the frequency band 2, namely, the unit of the frequency band 1 is arranged and then left to be fixed for the actual available space of the frequency band 2;
a4, setting an array directional diagram index of a frequency band 2;
a5, setting the sparsity ratio of the frequency band 2;
a6, searching sparse positions of a frequency band 2 and synthesizing an array factor directional diagram;
a7, judging whether the index redundancy of the array factor directional diagram of the frequency band 2 is satisfied, if so, entering the step a8, and if not, returning to the step a 6;
a8, performing double-frequency electromagnetic simulation calculation according to the latest position of the frequency band 2;
a9, judging whether the directional diagram index redundancy of the frequency band 1 and the frequency band 2 is met, if yes, entering a step a10, if not, returning to the step a5, and resetting the sparse ratio of the frequency band 2;
and a10, determining the sparse array arrangement position.
In a further technical scheme, in the step a2, when the double-frequency array element coupling relation between the frequency band 1 and the frequency band 2 is analyzed, three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation software is adopted to perform simulation calculation.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
by adopting the design method of the sparsely arrayed multi-frequency composite aperture array antenna provided by the invention, the directional diagram indexes such as the beam width, the side lobe, the grating lobe and the like of a high frequency band are completed, meanwhile, the directional diagram indexes of a low frequency band can be ensured not to be influenced, the sparsely arrayed multi-frequency band antenna can be efficiently completed, and the sparsity ratio of a high frequency unit can reach 25%.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a design method of a sparsely populated dual-frequency composite aperture array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a sparse array dual-frequency phased array element distribution diagram according to the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example (b):
a design method of a sparsely arrayed multi-frequency composite array antenna sets the number of frequency bands in a multi-frequency antenna array as n, the sequence of each frequency band from low to high is from frequency band 1 to frequency band n, wherein n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, and comprises the following steps:
s1, completing array distribution of the frequency band 1 in the specified antenna aperture range;
s2, analyzing the coupling relation among the frequency bands;
s3, sequentially locking the available physical spaces from the frequency band 2 to the frequency band n;
s4, setting array directional diagram indexes of each frequency band;
s5, setting the sparsity ratio of each frequency band;
s6, searching sparse positions of each frequency band and synthesizing an array factor directional diagram;
s7, judging whether the directional diagram index redundancy of each frequency band is met, if so, entering the step S8, otherwise, returning to the step S5, and resetting the sparsity ratio of each frequency band;
and S8, determining the sparse array arrangement position.
In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a method for designing a sparsely-arrayed dual-frequency composite aperture array antenna, where n is equal to 2, includes the following steps:
a1, completing array distribution of frequency band 1 in the specified antenna aperture range;
a2, analyzing the double-frequency array element coupling relation between the frequency band 1 and the frequency band 2;
a3, locking the available physical space of the frequency band 2, namely, the unit of the frequency band 1 is arranged and then left to be fixed for the actual available space of the frequency band 2;
a4, setting an array directional diagram index of a frequency band 2;
a5, setting the sparsity ratio of the frequency band 2;
a6, searching sparse positions of a frequency band 2 and synthesizing an array factor directional diagram;
a7, judging whether the index redundancy of the array factor directional diagram of the frequency band 2 is satisfied, if so, entering the step a8, and if not, returning to the step a 6;
a8, performing double-frequency electromagnetic simulation calculation according to the latest position of the frequency band 2;
a9, judging whether the directional diagram index redundancy of the frequency band 1 and the frequency band 2 is met, if yes, entering a step a10, if not, returning to the step a5, and resetting the sparse ratio of the frequency band 2;
a10, determining the sparse array arrangement position, as shown in fig. 2, wherein the small square in the figure is a high-frequency unit, and the large square is a low-frequency unit.
In this embodiment, especially in step a2, when analyzing the dual-frequency array element coupling relationship between the frequency band 1 and the frequency band 2, a three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation software is used to perform simulation calculation.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the specific embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A design method of a sparsely arrayed multi-frequency composite array antenna is characterized in that the number of frequency bands in a multi-frequency antenna array is set to be n, the frequency bands are from 1 to n in sequence from low to high, wherein n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, and the design method comprises the following steps:
s1, completing array distribution of the frequency band 1 in the specified antenna aperture range;
s2, analyzing the coupling relation among the frequency bands;
s3, sequentially locking the available physical spaces from the frequency band 2 to the frequency band n;
s4, setting array directional diagram indexes of each frequency band;
s5, setting the sparsity ratio of each frequency band;
s6, searching sparse positions of each frequency band and synthesizing an array factor directional diagram;
s7, judging whether the directional diagram index redundancy of each frequency band is met, if so, entering the step S8, otherwise, returning to the step S5, and resetting the sparsity ratio of each frequency band;
and S8, determining the sparse array arrangement position.
2. The method for designing the sparsely populated multi-frequency composite aperture array antenna according to claim 1, wherein when n is equal to 2, the method comprises the following steps:
a1, completing array distribution of frequency band 1 in the specified antenna aperture range;
a2, analyzing the double-frequency array element coupling relation between the frequency band 1 and the frequency band 2;
a3, locking the available physical space of frequency band 2;
a4, setting an array directional diagram index of a frequency band 2;
a5, setting the sparsity ratio of the frequency band 2;
a6, searching sparse positions of a frequency band 2 and synthesizing an array factor directional diagram;
a7, judging whether the index redundancy of the array factor directional diagram of the frequency band 2 is satisfied, if so, entering the step a8, and if not, returning to the step a 6;
a8, performing double-frequency electromagnetic simulation calculation according to the latest position of the frequency band 2;
a9, judging whether the directional diagram index redundancy of the frequency band 1 and the frequency band 2 is met, if yes, entering a step a10, if not, returning to the step a5, and resetting the sparse ratio of the frequency band 2;
and a10, determining the sparse array arrangement position.
3. The method for designing the sparsely populated multi-frequency composite array antenna according to claim 2, wherein in step a2, when analyzing the dual-frequency array element coupling relationship between the frequency band 1 and the frequency band 2, a three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation software is used for simulation calculation.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN113258306A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-08-13 | 成都锐芯盛通电子科技有限公司 | Ku/Ka dual-frequency composite phased-array antenna radiation array and design method thereof |
| CN113437534A (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2021-09-24 | 成都锐芯盛通电子科技有限公司 | Ku/Ka dual-frequency dual-polarization phased-array antenna radiation array |
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