CN112459707B - Construction method of drilling device for complex high and steep slope - Google Patents

Construction method of drilling device for complex high and steep slope Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112459707B
CN112459707B CN202011304405.6A CN202011304405A CN112459707B CN 112459707 B CN112459707 B CN 112459707B CN 202011304405 A CN202011304405 A CN 202011304405A CN 112459707 B CN112459707 B CN 112459707B
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drilling
platform
chassis
construction method
drilling machine
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CN112459707A (en
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张丽华
高幸
陈湘生
贾金青
涂兵雄
朱彦鹏
王旭春
周同和
廖小平
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Dalian University of Technology
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Dalian University of Technology
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B15/00Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B3/00Rotary drilling
    • E21B3/02Surface drives for rotary drilling
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B6/00Drives for drilling with combined rotary and percussive action
    • E21B6/02Drives for drilling with combined rotary and percussive action the rotation being continuous

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction method of a drilling device for a complex high and steep side slope. The drilling machine support comprises a sliding plate, a chassis is arranged on the sliding plate, the front end of the chassis is hinged with the front end of a platform, a supporting member is hinged with the platform and connected with a chassis fastener, and the widths of the chassis and the platform can be adjusted; the drilling machine comprises a power distribution system, an air compression system, a gear, a rock drilling component, an earth drilling component, a drill rod and a drill bit; the construction method comprises the following steps: 1) pulling the drilling machine bracket to a designated position; 2) unfolding the bracket and locking; 3) adjusting the angle between the chassis and the platform; 4) installing a drilling machine; 5) drilling is started. The invention solves the problem of difficult drilling of the complex high and steep slope, is suitable for various rock-soil body strata, can cope with the complex slope conditions of concave-convex, luxuriant forest and the like, has flexible action and safe and reliable performance, and can fully cope with the existing reinforcement engineering of the complex high and steep slope.

Description

Construction method of drilling device for complex high and steep slope
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering, and particularly relates to a construction method of a drilling device for a complex high and steep side slope.
Background
In the natural environment, a large number of dangerous slopes exist, and the possibility of instability and landslide is faced at all times. In order to ensure the life and property safety of people, the dangerous side slope needs to be artificially reinforced. However, the properties of the side slope are relatively complex (1) the stratum is complex, part of the surface layer of the side slope is soil, and the rock mass is formed after a certain depth. (2) The slope is complex. The vegetation on the slope is dense, the slope is uneven, and the soil body is soft. Therefore, the conventional drilling technique has the following problems: (1) due to the change of soil layers, the drilling equipment needs to be frequently replaced. (2) The soil body is soft, the vegetation is dense, and the scaffold construction can not be carried out. (3) The existing movable drilling platform has huge volume and cannot shuttle in jungles. (4) The existing movable drilling platform is of a four-wheel type, the uneven road surface is difficult to advance, and the stability during drilling is poor. It is important to encounter both earth and rock formations and the conventional solution to this problem is to replace the drilling equipment. However, such a solution has the following problems: (1) the replacement, transportation, assembly and check of the machine tool equipment take a lot of time, particularly under the condition of high slope support operation, the difficulty of replacing the equipment is very high, and the construction period is prolonged. (2) Different drilling equipment is replaced or leased according to different stratum conditions, and the construction cost is increased invisibly. (3) The replacement and displacement of the machine tool easily cause hole position deviation, so that the breakage accident of the drill rod is frequently caused.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a construction method of a drilling device suitable for a complex high and steep side slope of rock and soil strata, and the technical scheme is as follows:
a construction method of a drilling device for a complex high and steep side slope comprises a drilling machine support, a drilling machine base and a drilling machine; the drilling machine support comprises a sliding plate, a chassis is arranged on the sliding plate, the front end of the chassis is hinged with the front end of a platform, the chassis and the platform form any angle, a supporting member is hinged with the platform and connected with a chassis fastener for adjusting the angle between the chassis and the platform, and the width of the chassis and the width of the platform can be adjusted; the drilling machine comprises a power distribution system, an air compression system, a rock drilling component, a soil drilling component, a gear, a drill rod and a drill bit at the bottom of the drill rod; the rock drilling component comprises a cylinder, an air pipe is arranged at the top of the cylinder, an opening is formed in the bottom of the cylinder, a piston is arranged in the cylinder, the top of the piston is fixedly connected with the turbine fan blades, and the bottom of the piston is fixedly connected with a force transmission component; the soil drilling component comprises a soil drilling shell and a motor, the force transmission component is arranged in the soil drilling shell, and the motor is arranged in the force transmission component; the inner part of the gear is connected with the drill rod in an embedded mode, the outer part of the gear is respectively connected with the bottom of the force transmission component and the motor in a meshed mode, and the bottom of the gear is fixedly connected with the drill rod through the force bearing component; the drill comprises a spiral drill, and the bottom of the spiral drill is connected with a high-strength rock drilling drill which can meet the rotary drilling function of soil layer drilling and the impact rock drilling function of rock stratum drilling;
the construction method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
1) pulling the drilling machine bracket in the contraction state to a designated position;
2) unfolding and locking a drilling machine bracket;
3) adjusting the angle between the chassis and the platform to enable the platform to be in a horizontal state;
4) installing a drilling machine base and a drilling machine;
5) and (3) starting drilling: when the high-strength rock drilling bit contacts the soil layer, a motor is started, and the motor drives the spiral drill bit and the high-strength rock drilling bit to rotate through the rotation of the drill rod so as to drill a hole; when the high-strength rock drilling bit contacts a rock stratum, the air compression system (pumping in or pumping out gas) controls the turbine fan blades through the air pipe to drive the piston to rotate, and simultaneously controls the piston to move up and down, so that the force transmission component drives the drill rod to rotate, and drives the spiral drill bit and the high-strength rock drilling bit to rotate, and simultaneously transmits impact load to the force bearing component, and the drill rod drives the high-strength rock drilling bit to rotate and drill rock.
Preferably, in the step 5), the air compression system (pumping in or pumping out gas) controls the turbine fan blades through the air pipes to drive the piston to rotate, the rotation is low-frequency rotation, and the rotation is realized by adjusting the number of the turbines or changing the angles of the turbine fan blades.
The chassis and the platform comprise two longitudinal steel pipes parallel to the sliding plate and a cross steel pipe sleeved on the longitudinal steel pipes, the sleeve opening slides along the longitudinal steel pipes to realize the opening and closing of the cross steel pipes, and the width of the platform and the width of the chassis stretch synchronously.
Ropes are tied on two sides of the chassis, and the lifting and descending of the drilling machine bracket can be controlled through the rolling machine.
The longitudinal steel pipe of the chassis is fixedly connected with the sliding plate, and the front end of the longitudinal steel pipe of the chassis is hinged with the front end of the longitudinal steel pipe of the platform. The supporting member is hinged with the rear end of the longitudinal steel pipe of the platform and connected with a longitudinal steel pipe fastener of the chassis.
The platform further comprises a front telescopic beam and a rear telescopic beam which are connected with the inner sides of the longitudinal steel pipes of the platform, and the length of the telescopic beams is synchronously changed according to the width of the platform.
The drilling machine support further comprises horizontal and vertical reinforcing steel pipes, and the step 3) further comprises the steps of drilling the horizontal and vertical reinforcing steel pipes into the rock and performing high-pressure grouting, and connecting the horizontal and vertical reinforcing steel pipes with the front and rear telescopic cross beam fasteners respectively; the stability of drilling is guaranteed to be kept, and the safety performance is improved.
The drilling machine support further comprises guardrails, the guardrails are respectively arranged on the left side, the right side and the rear side of the platform, the guardrails on the left side and the right side are fixed and unchanged, the guardrail on the rear side is a telescopic guardrail, and the length of the telescopic guardrail is synchronously changed according to the width of the platform.
The drill rod is lengthened by adopting splicing type connection assembly, for example, the drill rod is lengthened by adopting threaded connection assembly, and the drill rod is assembled according to the drilling depth, so that the drill rod meets the requirement of the drilling depth.
The top of the piston is fixedly connected with the shaft or the fan blade of the turbine fan blade.
The drilling machine further comprises a dismounting device matched with the drill bit, such as a wrench, the drill bit and the dismounting device are mutually meshed, and the drill bit are automatically dismounted by controlling the drill rod to rotate in the opposite direction.
And a rock drilling shell is arranged outside the cylinder and is connected with the soil drilling shell through bolts.
The gear is one, can also be upper and lower two, and the gear outside on the top meshes with the motor, and the gear outside on the lower limit meshes with the bottom of biography power component, and the bottom of lower gear passes through atress component and drilling rod fixed connection. Preferably one gear.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) can adapt to different stratum conditions. The drilling machine can adopt different drilling modes according to different stratum conditions, and when meeting a soil stratum, the drilling machine can drill holes by adopting a mode of drilling and digging by rotating the auger; when a hard rock mass formation is encountered, the hole may be drilled by percussion drilling.
(2) The maneuverability is strong. The drilling machine support can be contracted, and can freely pass through between the convex stones or the metallocene forest after being reduced to a certain volume, so that the drilling machine support is flexible and safe.
(3) Can be adapted to the complex slope. The slope surface of the side slope is uneven mostly, vegetation covers the side slope, common four-wheel movable platforms are difficult to advance on the slope surface, and the drilling support is of a sliding plate type and can freely slide on the slope surface.
(4) The structure is stable. Because the reinforcing steel pipe of the rock-socketed grouting is arranged, the reinforcing steel pipe is connected with the front and the rear telescopic cross beam fasteners of the drilling machine platform, and the stability and the safety performance of the device can be effectively enhanced.
(5) Green, environment-friendly, energy-saving and noise-reducing. The rock drilling component takes compressed air as a power source, has no harmful products, and is energy-saving and environment-friendly; and meanwhile, the working efficiency of the rock drilling part is high.
(6) The free switching between drilling and punching of the equipment is realized. When the drill bit works in the soil body, the drill bit is controlled by the motor to rotate for drilling; when the drill bit works in rocks, the air pump controls the piston to move up and down, so that rock drilling work is realized, and under the action of the air pump, the turbine fan blades at the upper end of the piston drive the piston to rotate at low frequency, so that the drill bit is driven to rotate at low speed, and the drill bit is enabled to drill holes more uniformly.
(7) The motor drilling is stable and can provide suitable torque. When the soil body is drilled, rock drilling is not needed to be chiseled, the motor drives the drill rod to rotate, the rotation frequency of the motor is more stable relative to the rotation of the air pump and the hydraulic control drill rod, meanwhile, the motor can provide torque meeting drilling requirements, and the torque is limited by the air pump and the hydraulic control drill rod.
(8) The transmission system is stable and firm. The invention develops a novel force transmission component and a novel force bearing component to form a set of brand new transmission system. The force transmission component and the stress component are combined for use, so that two working states can be perfectly divided, two works of drilling in soil and drilling in rock are independently carried out, and no correlation is generated between the two works. Meanwhile, the combination of the force transmission component and the stress component plays an important role in stabilizing the drill rod greatly.
(9) The drill bit is firm. The drill bit directly acts with the rock-soil body in the drilling process, so the drill bit is the weakest part of the drilling machine. The drill bit is a combined drill bit of the spiral drill bit and the high-strength drill bit, so that the requirements of rotary drilling and impact rock drilling are met, and the drill bit is not damaged in the drilling process.
(10) The rock drilling is uniform. Because the upper end of the piston is provided with the turbine fan blades, when air is pumped in or pumped out, the force transmission component drives the drill rod to rotate, and the high-strength rock drilling bit rotates when impacting rock drilling, so that the rock drilling holes are more uniform.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the deployment of the drill support;
FIG. 3 is an illustration of the borehole support retracted;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a rock drilling component and an earth drilling component;
fig. 5 is a sectional view a-a.
Wherein, 1, a drilling machine bracket; 2. a drilling machine; 3. a slide plate; 4. a chassis; 401. a longitudinal steel pipe of the chassis; 402. a chassis cross steel pipe; 403. a chassis looping; 5. a platform; 501. a platform longitudinal steel pipe; 502. a platform cross steel pipe; 503. sleeving a platform; 504. a telescoping beam; 6. a guardrail; 601. left and right side rails; 602. a rear side guard rail; 7. a support member; 8. a rope; 9. a winch; 10. a power distribution system; 11. an air compression system; 12. a drill base; 13. a rock drilling component; 131. a cylinder; 132. an air tube; 133. a piston; 134. turbine blades; 135. a force transfer member; 14. drilling a soil component; 141. a motor; 15. a drill stem; 151. a force-receiving member; 152. a thread; 16. a drill bit; 161. a helical drill bit; 162. a high strength rock drill bit; 17. and (5) reinforcing the steel pipe.
Detailed Description
It will be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "longitudinal," "transverse," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in an orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-5, a construction method of a complex high and steep slope drilling device comprises a drilling machine bracket 1, a drilling machine base 12 and a drilling machine 2; the drilling machine bracket 1 comprises a sliding plate 3, a chassis 4 arranged on the sliding plate 3 and a platform 5; the chassis 4 comprises two chassis longitudinal steel pipes 401 parallel to the sliding plate and chassis cross steel pipes 402 sleeved on the chassis longitudinal steel pipes 401, a chassis sleeve opening 403 slides along the chassis longitudinal steel pipes 401 to realize opening and closing of the chassis cross steel pipes 402, the chassis longitudinal steel pipes 401 are fixedly connected with the sliding plate 3, the platform 5 comprises two platform longitudinal steel pipes 501 parallel to the sliding plate 3, a platform cross steel pipe 502 sleeved on the platform longitudinal steel pipe 501, and a front telescopic cross beam 504 and a rear telescopic cross beam 504, and the platform sleeve opening 503 realizes opening and closing of the platform cross steel pipe 502 by sliding along the platform longitudinal steel pipes 501; the front end of the chassis longitudinal steel pipe 401 is hinged with the front end of the platform longitudinal steel pipe 501 to realize that the chassis 4 and the platform 5 form any angle, and the supporting member 7 is hinged with the rear end of the platform longitudinal steel pipe 501 and connected with a fastener of the chassis longitudinal steel pipe 401 to adjust the angle between the chassis 4 and the platform 5; the drilling machine 2 comprises an electric power distribution system 10, an air compression system 11, a rock drilling component 13, an earth drilling component 14, a gear, a drill rod 15 and a drill bit 16 at the bottom of the drill rod; the rock drilling part 13 comprises a rock drilling shell, a cylinder 131 is arranged in the rock drilling shell, an air pipe 132 is arranged at the top of the cylinder 131, a hole is formed in the bottom of the cylinder 131, a piston 133 is arranged in the cylinder, the top of the piston 133 is fixedly connected with a shaft of a turbine fan blade 134, and the bottom of the piston 133 is fixedly connected with a force transmission component 135; the earth drilling component 14 comprises an earth drilling shell and a motor 141, the force transmission component 135 is arranged in the earth drilling shell, and the motor 141 is arranged in the force transmission component 135; the inner part of the gear is connected with the drill rod 15 in an embedded mode, the outer part of the gear is respectively connected with the bottom of the force transmission component 153 and the motor 141 in a meshed mode, and the bottom of the gear is fixedly connected with the drill rod 15 through the stress component 151; the drill bit 16 comprises a spiral drill bit 161, and a high-strength rock drilling drill bit 162 is connected to the bottom of the spiral drill bit 161, so that the rotary drilling function of soil layer drilling and the impact rock drilling function of rock stratum drilling are met. The rock drilling shell is connected with the soil drilling shell through bolts. Ropes 8 are tied on two sides of the chassis 4, and the lifting and descending of the drilling machine bracket 1 can be controlled through the winding machine. Drilling machine support 1 still includes guardrail 6, and left and right and rear side of platform 5 are located respectively to guardrail 6, and left and right side guardrail 601 is fixed unchangeable, and rear side guardrail 602 is scalable guardrail, according to the synchronous length that changes scalable guardrail of platform 5 width. The drill rig bracket 1 further comprises horizontal and vertical reinforcement steel pipes 17. The drill rod is lengthened by adopting thread assembly, and the drill rod is assembled according to the drilling depth, so that the drill rod meets the requirement of the hole depth. The drilling machine further comprises a wrench, the drill bit and the wrench are meshed with each other, and the drill rod and the drill bit are automatically disassembled by controlling the drill rod to rotate in the opposite direction.
The construction method comprises the following steps:
1) the drill rig bracket 1 in the retracted state is pulled to a designated position.
2) The drill rig support 1 is unfolded and locked.
3) The angle between the chassis 4 and the platform 5 is adjusted to make the platform 5 in a horizontal state.
4) The horizontal and vertical reinforcement steel pipes 17 are driven into the rock and high pressure grouted.
5) The horizontal and vertical reinforcement steel tubes 17 are connected to the front and rear telescoping beams 504 of the drill rig platform by fasteners, respectively.
6) A drill 2 is mounted.
7) And (3) starting drilling: when the high-strength rock drilling bit 162 contacts the soil layer, the motor 141 is started, and the motor 141 drives the spiral bit 161 and the high-strength rock drilling bit 162 to rotate through the rotation of the drill rod 15 so as to drill a hole; when the high-strength rock drilling bit 162 contacts the rock stratum, the air compression system 11 controls the turbine fan blades 134 through the air pipe to drive the piston 133 to rotate at a low frequency, and controls the piston 133 to move up and down, so that the force transmission component 135 drives the drill rod 15 to rotate, the spiral drill bit 161 and the high-strength rock drilling bit 162 to rotate, impact load is transmitted to the stress component 151, and the high-strength rock drilling bit 162 is driven to rotate through the drill rod 15 while rock drilling is carried out.

Claims (9)

1. A construction method of a drilling device for a complex high and steep side slope is characterized by comprising the following steps: the drilling device comprises a drilling machine bracket (1), a drilling machine base (12) and a drilling machine (2); the drilling machine support (1) comprises a sliding plate (3), a chassis (4) is arranged on the sliding plate (3), the front end of the chassis (4) is hinged with the front end of a platform (5), a supporting member (7) is hinged with the platform (5) and connected with a fastener of the chassis (4), and the widths of the chassis (4) and the platform (5) can be adjusted; the drilling machine comprises a power distribution system (10), an air compression system (11), a rock drilling component (13), an earth drilling component (14), a gear, a drill rod (15) and a drill bit (16) at the bottom of the drill rod; the rock drilling component (13) comprises a cylinder (131), an air pipe (132) is arranged at the top of the cylinder (131), the bottom of the cylinder (131) is provided with a hole, a piston (133) is arranged in the cylinder (131), the top of the piston (133) is fixedly connected with turbine blades (134), and the bottom of the piston (133) is fixedly connected with a force transmission component (135); the soil drilling component (14) comprises a soil drilling shell and a motor (141), the force transmission component (135) is arranged in the soil drilling shell, and the motor (141) is arranged in the force transmission component (135); the inner part of the gear is connected with the drill rod (15) in a nested manner, the outer part of the gear is respectively connected with the bottom of the force transmission component (135) and the motor (141) in a meshed manner, and the bottom of the gear is fixedly connected with the drill rod (15) through the force bearing component (151); the drill bit (16) comprises a spiral drill bit (161), and the bottom of the spiral drill bit (161) is connected with a high-strength rock drilling drill bit (162); the construction method comprises the following steps:
s1, pulling the drilling machine bracket in the contracted state to a designated position;
s2 unfolding and locking the drilling machine bracket;
s3, adjusting the angle between the chassis and the platform to make the platform in a horizontal state;
s4, mounting a drilling machine base (12) and a drilling machine; s5 start drilling: when the high-strength rock drilling bit (162) contacts the soil layer, the motor (141) is started, and the motor (141) drives the spiral bit (161) and the high-strength rock drilling bit (162) to rotate through rotation of the drill rod (15) to drill a hole; when the high-strength rock drilling bit (162) contacts a rock stratum, the air compression system (11) controls the turbine fan blades (134) through the air pipe (132) to drive the piston (133) to rotate, and controls the piston (133) to move up and down simultaneously, so that the force transmission component (135) drives the drill rod (15) to rotate, the spiral drill bit (161) and the high-strength rock drilling bit (162) are driven to rotate, impact load is transmitted to the stress component (151) simultaneously, and the high-strength rock drilling bit (162) is driven through the drill rod (15) to rotate and drill rock.
2. The construction method of the drilling device for the complex high and steep slope as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in step S5, the air pressure system (11) controls the turbine fan (134) to drive the piston (133) to rotate at low frequency through the air pipe (132).
3. The construction method of the drilling device for the complex high and steep slope as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the chassis (4) and the platform (5) both comprise two longitudinal steel pipes parallel to the sliding plate and a cross steel pipe sleeved on the longitudinal steel pipes, and the chassis looping (403) and the platform looping (503) slide along the longitudinal steel pipes to realize the opening and closing of the cross steel pipes.
4. The construction method of the drilling device for the complex high and steep slope as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the platform (5) further comprises a front telescopic crossbeam (504) and a rear telescopic crossbeam (504).
5. The construction method of the drilling device for the complex high and steep slope as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the drilling machine bracket (1) also comprises horizontal and vertical reinforced steel pipes (17); and step S3, the method further comprises the steps of driving the reinforcing steel pipe (17) into the rock, performing high-pressure grouting, and connecting the horizontal and vertical reinforcing steel pipes (17) with the fasteners of the front and rear telescopic cross beams (504).
6. The construction method of the drilling device for the complex high and steep slope as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the drilling machine support (1) further comprises a guardrail (6), the guardrail (6) comprises a left side guardrail (601), a right side guardrail (601) and a rear side guardrail (602), and the rear side guardrail (602) is a telescopic guardrail.
7. The construction method of the drilling device for the complex high and steep slope as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the drill rod (15) is lengthened by adopting splicing connection and assembly.
8. The construction method of the drilling device for the complex high and steep slope as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the drilling machine (2) further comprises a dismounting device matched with the drill bit (16), the drill bit (16) and the dismounting device are meshed with each other, and the drill bit (15) and the drill bit (16) are dismounted automatically by controlling the drill bit (15) to rotate in the opposite direction.
9. The construction method of the drilling device for the complex high and steep slope as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a rock drilling shell is arranged outside the cylinder (131) and is connected with the soil drilling shell through bolts.
CN202011304405.6A 2020-11-19 2020-11-19 Construction method of drilling device for complex high and steep slope Active CN112459707B (en)

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