CN112459284B - Construction method of composite heat-insulating layer - Google Patents
Construction method of composite heat-insulating layer Download PDFInfo
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- CN112459284B CN112459284B CN202011301388.0A CN202011301388A CN112459284B CN 112459284 B CN112459284 B CN 112459284B CN 202011301388 A CN202011301388 A CN 202011301388A CN 112459284 B CN112459284 B CN 112459284B
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- outer plate
- polyurethane
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- connecting rod
- heat
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009435 building construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004079 fireproofing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 45
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010040007 Sense of oppression Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006389 polyphenyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/762—Exterior insulation of exterior walls
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
- E04B1/94—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against fire
- E04B1/941—Building elements specially adapted therefor
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a construction method of a composite heat-insulating layer, which belongs to the field of building construction and specifically comprises the following steps of 1) manufacturing an outer plate, 2) manufacturing a fixing device, 3) manufacturing an asbestos-foamed polyurethane outer plate, 4) casting in situ, and 5) sealing seams. The invention uses the hook connecting rod to fix the outer plate on the wall body without damaging the wall body. During on-site construction, polyurethane is poured in a laminated mode into a cavity formed by the fixed outer plate and the wall body, and the compression force caused by foaming deformation of the poured polyurethane is born by soft foam polyurethane of the asbestos-foamed polyurethane outer plate. In the constructed heat-insulating layer, the polyurethane is separated by asbestos, so that the fire-proofing capacity of the heat-insulating layer is improved. The outer plate adopted by the invention is light and thin, has rich selectable materials, does not damage the wall body in the construction process, is convenient to construct and meets the national fire-proof requirement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of building construction methods, and particularly relates to a composite heat-insulation outer layer construction method.
Background
In the prior art, asbestos or polyphenyl is used as a building external wall heat-insulating material and can only be transported to a construction site for pasting after processing and production in a building factory, heat-insulating plates are heavy, and high-rise pasting needs lifting matching. But also has poor heat preservation effect.
In recent years, due to the technical progress, polyurethane heat-insulating layers begin to be popular in large areas, the weight is light, the field construction can be carried out, the transportation cost is saved, the heat-insulating effect of the polyurethane heat-insulating layers is better than that of asbestos plates or polystyrene plates, the asbestos plates or polystyrene plates are matched with inorganic heat-insulating mortar 350-400mm and the polyurethane heat-insulating layers only need 200-300mm under the same heat-insulating effect of the outer walls.
The following problems still remain: 1. the polyurethane foaming board has poor adhesion with the wall, and a high-strength adhesive needs to be additionally coated; 2. the high-rise patch still needs the matching operation of a crane; 3. gaps exist among the sheets, the whole heat insulation layer is not integral, and subsequent encapsulation treatment and reinforcement are needed.
Therefore, polyurethane insulation is cast on site, so as to overcome the above defects, such as patent CN 100999918B. However, in site operation, the polyurethane foaming deformation has a pressing force on the outer plate, the outer plate has enough compressive strength, the common thickness of the existing outer plate is 40cm, and the material is mainly alloy. This just leads to the site operation, and especially high-rise operation needs hoist cooperation operation, and in order to fix thick planking, fixing device adopts modes such as drilling inserted bar more, and follow-up demolishs and wastes time and energy, has destroyed the wall body moreover.
More, the polyurethane heat-insulating layer can not resist high temperature, the optimal fire-proof grade is grade B, and toxic gas is generated after combustion, so that 100% of the polyurethane heat-insulating layer is made of polyurethane heat-insulating materials, and the high-rise building can not reach the national fire-fighting regulations.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the condition that a polyurethane heat-insulating layer does not meet the national fire-fighting regulations in the prior art, the invention provides a construction method of a composite heat-insulating layer.
A construction method of a composite heat-insulating layer comprises the following steps:
1) manufacturing an outer plate, namely cutting the outer plate according to a construction standard;
2) manufacturing a fixing device, wherein the fixing device consists of a connecting rod and a hook, the length of the connecting rod is equal to the thickness of the target polyurethane heat-insulating layer, and the front end of the connecting rod is provided with a downward bulge; the hook is L-shaped and is matched with the bulge of the connecting rod; the connecting rod and the hook are both made of heat insulating materials; uniformly bonding more than four connecting rods at four corners of the inner side of the outer plate;
3) manufacturing an asbestos-foamed polyurethane outer plate, namely spraying polyurethane AB material and foaming, wherein the foaming time is 10-20s, the thickness is 5-10cm, covering an asbestos layer with the thickness of 1-5cm on the foamed polyurethane, repeating the processes of spraying polyurethane and covering asbestos for 2-3 times, wherein the thickness of the asbestos-foamed polyurethane outer plate is 40-60% of the thickness of a target heat insulation layer;
4) in-situ casting, namely flattening the wall surface, bonding the hook part in the fixing device on the wall surface according to the distribution mode of the connecting rods, paving a layer of pre-sprayed outer plate along the width of the wall, embedding the downward bulge at the front end of the connecting rod with the hook at the corresponding position, fixing the pre-sprayed outer plate, laminating and casting polyurethane into a cavity formed by the pre-sprayed outer plate and the wall surface, foaming, curing and paving the next layer of pre-sprayed outer plate in the same way;
5) and sealing the seam, namely sealing the seam of the pre-sprayed outer plate after the whole wall surface is laminated and poured.
Wherein, the foaming mode in the step 3) is soft foam foaming.
Wherein, the hook and the connecting rod are made of plastics.
The outer plate is a metal outer wall cladding, a fiber cement outer wall cladding or a PVC outer wall cladding, and the thickness of the outer plate is 2-6 mm.
Compared with a pure polyurethane heat-insulating layer, the asbestos heat-insulating layer and the polyurethane heat-insulating layer are stacked, the asbestos heat-insulating layer has a good flame-retardant effect, and a single-layer polyurethane heat-insulating layer is combusted at most, so that the subsequent large-scale combustion is not caused. Compared with an asbestos heat insulation layer, the heat insulation layer has a better heat insulation effect.
More, among the prior art, the cast-in-place polyurethane has the oppression power to the planking because its foaming volume deformation, so the planking material is mostly metal, and is up to 40mm thick, prevents to be oppressed cracked. The compression force generated by the polyurethane cast in situ is buffered and born by the soft foam polyurethane layer, so that the safety of the outer plate is protected to a great extent, the thickness of the outer plate is reduced to 2-6mm by the multi-layer buffer structure, and the outer plate can be made of PVC and fiber cement. The weight is one tenth of that of the prior art, and the device is lighter and thinner, simpler in construction, lower in cost and wider in selectable range.
The invention has the beneficial effects
1. The outer plate adopted by the invention has the advantages of thin thickness, more selectable materials, light weight, no need of matching with a crane in the construction process, and quick construction, and is particularly suitable for high-rise operation.
2. 70-80% of the whole heat insulation layer is laminated, poured and foamed, and the integral foamed polyurethane ensures the heat insulation quality;
3. in the construction process, the inserted rod does not need to be drilled, the time and the labor are saved, and the wall body is not damaged.
4. The foamed polyurethane heat-insulating layer is separated by the asbestos layer, so that the whole heat-insulating layer can not be ignited by a fire source, and the national fire-fighting requirements are compounded.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view (before stacking and pouring) during construction of the present invention; wherein A1 is a wall surface, B1 is a cavity, C1 is a fixing device, D1 is a foamed polyurethane layer, E1 is an asbestos layer, and F1 is an outer plate;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram (after stacking and casting) during construction of the present invention; a2 is a wall surface, B2 is laminated and cast foamed polyurethane, C2 is a fixing device, D2 is a foamed polyurethane layer (compressed), E2 is an asbestos layer, and F2 is an outer plate.
Detailed Description
The following examples will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Examples
The following is a specific construction method of the present invention, and is not limited to the claims, and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the knowledge of the field are also within the scope of the present invention.
The adopted plate is a PVC exterior wall cladding, the combustion performance is B2 grade, and the thickness is 6 mm;
in buildings in the south-of-Ji (north) areas, a 30 cm-thick heat insulation layer is required to be constructed on six layers of high-rise external walls according to construction requirements, after 1.0m × 1.0m external plates are produced by building material processing factories, four connecting rods with front protrusions are bonded at four corners of the external plates, and one end without the protrusions is a bonding end;
then, uniformly mixing the polyurethane A material and the polyurethane B material, quickly spraying the mixture to the inner side surface, foaming for 10-20s, wherein the thickness of the mixture after foaming is 7cm, and covering a layer of asbestos with the thickness of 2cm on the foamed polyurethane;
spraying polyurethane AB material on the asbestos layer, foaming for 10-20s, and covering the asbestos layer again, wherein the thickness of the foamed asbestos layer is 7 cm; obtaining an asbestos-foamed polyurethane outer plate;
cleaning the outer wall, bonding 4L-shaped hooks on the wall, and fixing the outer plate by clamping the connecting rod on the outer plate with the hooks through the front end bulge;
fixing a layer of outer plate patches along the width direction of the wall, performing laminated pouring in a cavity formed by the pre-sprayed outer plate and the wall surface, foaming after pouring, wherein the foaming time is 40-60s, and then continuing pouring foaming, wherein the height of the single-layer foamed polyurethane is about 20 cm;
after the first layer of outer plate is completely poured, fixing a second layer of outer plate on the basis of the first layer of outer plate in a sticking mode, and then performing laminated pouring;
repeating the operations until the stacking pouring height reaches the wall height;
and (5) finishing construction, and finally sealing the gap between the outer plate and the outer plate.
And (4) checking after construction, wherein no crack exists on the outer plate, the cross section of the heat-insulating layer is formed, the single-layer soft foam polyurethane is compressed to 3cm, the two layers are formed, and the thickness of the laminated casting foaming polyurethane is 20 cm. Detecting the heat preservation effect: meets the national standard GB 17369-1998-T. The fire rating was detected as class B1.
Claims (2)
1. A construction method of a composite heat-insulating layer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) manufacturing an outer plate, namely cutting the outer plate according to a construction standard;
2) manufacturing a fixing device, wherein the fixing device consists of a connecting rod and a hook, the length of the connecting rod is equal to the thickness of the target polyurethane heat-insulating layer, and the front end of the connecting rod is provided with a downward bulge; the hook is L-shaped and is matched with the bulge of the connecting rod; the connecting rod and the hook are both made of heat insulating materials; uniformly bonding more than four connecting rods at four corners of the inner side of the outer plate;
3) manufacturing an asbestos-foamed polyurethane outer plate, namely spraying polyurethane AB material and foaming, wherein the foaming time is 10-20s, the thickness is 5-10cm, covering an asbestos layer with the thickness of 1-5cm on the foamed polyurethane, repeating the processes of spraying polyurethane and covering asbestos for 2-3 times, wherein the thickness of the asbestos-foamed polyurethane outer plate is 40-60% of the thickness of a target heat insulation layer;
4) in-situ casting, namely flattening the wall surface, bonding the hook part in the fixing device on the wall surface according to the distribution mode of the connecting rods, paving a layer of pre-sprayed outer plate along the width of the wall, embedding the downward bulge at the front end of the connecting rod with the hook at the corresponding position, fixing the pre-sprayed outer plate, laminating and casting polyurethane into a cavity formed by the pre-sprayed outer plate and the wall surface, foaming, curing and paving the next layer of pre-sprayed outer plate in the same way;
5) sealing the seam, namely sealing the seam of the pre-sprayed outer plate after the whole wall surface is laminated and poured;
the hook and the connecting rod are made of plastics;
the outer plate is specifically a metal outer wall cladding, a fiber cement outer wall cladding or a PVC outer wall cladding, and the thickness of the outer plate is 2-6 mm.
2. The construction method according to claim 1, wherein the foaming manner in the step 3) is soft foam foaming.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011301388.0A CN112459284B (en) | 2020-11-19 | 2020-11-19 | Construction method of composite heat-insulating layer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011301388.0A CN112459284B (en) | 2020-11-19 | 2020-11-19 | Construction method of composite heat-insulating layer |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112459284A CN112459284A (en) | 2021-03-09 |
| CN112459284B true CN112459284B (en) | 2021-08-20 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202011301388.0A Active CN112459284B (en) | 2020-11-19 | 2020-11-19 | Construction method of composite heat-insulating layer |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2552134A1 (en) * | 1975-11-20 | 1977-05-26 | Daemm & System Bau Gmbh | External wall cladding panels attachment - has rear undercut cams or battens locked into holes with plug action |
| CN1944831A (en) * | 2006-10-18 | 2007-04-11 | 康玉范 | Process for producing outer heat insulation wall by on-site pouring polyurethane heat insulation layer real stone paint decoration surface |
| CN103015542A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2013-04-03 | 山东万鑫建设有限公司 | External heat insulation construction method of cast-in-place foam external wall |
| CN208668833U (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2019-03-29 | 湖南瑞展展览工程有限公司 | A kind of fire proof construction decorative panel |
| CN109779048A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-05-21 | 五冶集团上海有限公司 | In-site installation is provided with the construction method of vacuum type insulating layer exterior wall |
-
2020
- 2020-11-19 CN CN202011301388.0A patent/CN112459284B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2552134A1 (en) * | 1975-11-20 | 1977-05-26 | Daemm & System Bau Gmbh | External wall cladding panels attachment - has rear undercut cams or battens locked into holes with plug action |
| CN1944831A (en) * | 2006-10-18 | 2007-04-11 | 康玉范 | Process for producing outer heat insulation wall by on-site pouring polyurethane heat insulation layer real stone paint decoration surface |
| CN103015542A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2013-04-03 | 山东万鑫建设有限公司 | External heat insulation construction method of cast-in-place foam external wall |
| CN208668833U (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2019-03-29 | 湖南瑞展展览工程有限公司 | A kind of fire proof construction decorative panel |
| CN109779048A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-05-21 | 五冶集团上海有限公司 | In-site installation is provided with the construction method of vacuum type insulating layer exterior wall |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN112459284A (en) | 2021-03-09 |
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