CN112459283B - Building shock absorption method based on spring shock absorption principle - Google Patents
Building shock absorption method based on spring shock absorption principle Download PDFInfo
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- CN112459283B CN112459283B CN202011285201.2A CN202011285201A CN112459283B CN 112459283 B CN112459283 B CN 112459283B CN 202011285201 A CN202011285201 A CN 202011285201A CN 112459283 B CN112459283 B CN 112459283B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
- E04B1/98—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against vibrations or shocks; against mechanical destruction, e.g. by air-raids
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
- E04H9/0215—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings involving active or passive dynamic mass damping systems
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
- E04H9/0237—Structural braces with damping devices
Abstract
The invention discloses a building damping method based on a spring damping principle, which is characterized in that a wall body of an upper room of a building is divided from the height direction and is set into a multi-layer wall body assembly unit superposed structure, and energy dissipation is realized between every two adjacent layers of wall body assembly units by means of horizontally arranged damping springs, so that the building vibration is reduced. The invention has the advantages of simple implementation, no occupation of redundant space of the building, good shock absorption and swing prevention effect of the building, convenient and efficient construction and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building earthquake resistance, in particular to a building shock absorption method.
Background
When the existing building is designed and constructed, shock absorption measures need to be considered for high-rise or super high-rise buildings so as to enhance the wind resistance and the shock resistance of the buildings and improve the safety coefficient.
CN201710523153.8 has disclosed a single pendulum type tuned mass damper structure and construction method suitable for high-rise and super high-rise buildings or structures, especially for cylinder structures, the damping structure comprises a single pendulum type tuned mass damper, a high-level water tank of the building, a computer monitoring control system; this harmonious mass damper of simple pendulum formula comprises 90mm high strength cable wire, hollow steel structure spheroid, oil pressure viscosity damper and buffering steel ring, the system can deal with the earthquake of different frequencies and move, can guarantee again that shock-absorbing structure's natural frequency is close ground excellent cycle, reaches the absorbing effect. However, the damping device with the structure needs to install a large mass block at the top of a building, occupies a multi-storey building space, and is complex to install, high in construction requirement and high in difficulty.
The invention of CN201910117078.4 discloses a magnetorheological damping tuned damper for super high-rise buildings, which mainly comprises: the magnetic current tuned mass block is used as a variable damping tuned mass damper, and the working principle of the magnetic current tuned mass block is as follows: the magneto-rheological tuned mass block is internally provided with a plurality of anti-drag slide blocks, the anti-drag slide blocks slide in the magneto-rheological fluid to eliminate the vibration of an ultra-high-rise building caused by earthquake or strong wind, the outer part of the magneto-rheological tuned mass block is connected with the lead steel laminated damper, the impact pressure of the magneto-rheological fluid on the structure is reduced, and the damper has the advantages of good structural stress performance, easiness in implementation, good stability, good damping effect, good safety and the like, and the magneto-rheological system is low in power consumption, small in size and obvious in damping effect. However, the damping device with the structure still has the defects of complex structure, inconvenient construction, dependence of the effect of the magnetorheological fluid on the action of an electric magnetic field, poor stability and the like.
Therefore, how to design a building damping scheme with simple structure, convenient construction and good damping and swing-proof effects becomes a problem to be considered and solved by technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: the building damping method based on the spring damping principle is simple to implement, does not occupy redundant space of a building, is convenient to construct and has a good damping effect on the building.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a building shock absorption method based on a spring shock absorption principle is characterized in that a wall of an upper room of a building is divided into a multi-layer wall assembly unit overlapping structure from the height direction, energy dissipation is achieved between every two adjacent layers of wall assembly units through horizontally arranged shock absorption springs, and building vibration is reduced.
Therefore, when an earthquake occurs, the two adjacent layers of wall body assemblies swing in a mutually-deviated way to drive the damping springs to stretch and extrude energy consumption, so that the vibration (swing) is reduced. Has the advantages of convenient implementation and no occupation of redundant space of the building.
Preferably, the method is realized by adopting a damping building, wherein the damping building is provided with spring damping walls at wall positions in four directions of an upper room, each spring damping wall comprises a plurality of layers of wall assemblies which are overlapped from the height direction, a spring mounting cavity is formed between the lower end surface of the upper layer of wall assembly and the upper end surface of the lower layer of wall assembly, a horizontally arranged damping spring is mounted in the spring mounting cavity, one end part of each damping spring is abutted against the upper layer of wall assembly, and the other end part of each damping spring is abutted against the lower layer of wall assembly.
Therefore, the device has the advantages of simple structure and convenience in installation and implementation.
Furthermore, a groove is formed in the middle of each of two ends of the lower end face of the upper wall body assembly in the length direction, the two grooves are symmetrically arranged to enable the lower surface of the upper wall body assembly to be in an I shape, a protrusion is symmetrically arranged in the middle of the end portions of the two ends of the upper end face of the lower wall body assembly in the length direction, and when the two adjacent wall body assemblies are overlapped, the protrusion is embedded into the groove and seals the outer end position of the groove to enable the inner portion of the groove to form the spring installation cavity.
Like this, the wall body wholeness is good, simple structure, and simple to operate is swift, and damping spring atress is more balanced stable about the orientation.
Further, recess, arch and spring installation cavity are the cuboid structure, damping spring is the coil spring of level setting.
Therefore, construction and installation are more convenient, and the damping spring is more stable and reliable in stress damping.
Further, the height of each layer of wall assembly is reduced from top to bottom.
Therefore, the weight of each layer of wall body assembly is reduced from top to bottom in sequence, different vibration periods and amplitudes can be formed among the wall body assemblies, seismic energy is transmitted among the assembly units through springs during an earthquake, partial vibration energy is offset, the deformation of the whole wall body can be reduced due to the fact that the lower portion is heavy and the upper portion is light, and the vibration mode curve is smoother and more stable.
Furthermore, a plurality of energy dissipation elements are filled in the spring installation cavity.
Therefore, when the spring is used for damping, mutual contact friction and extrusion are formed between the spring and the energy dissipation element in the repeated stretching process, energy is further consumed and converted, kinetic energy is converted into internal energy and is transmitted outwards for dissipation, and the damping and energy dissipation effects are greatly improved.
Further, the energy dissipation elements are elastic small balls made of rubber materials.
Therefore, the elastic force of the elastic small ball can be utilized to further improve the elastic extrusion effect of the spring and further improve the damping and energy dissipation effects. In practice, the diameter of the elastic small ball is less than 5 cm. If the damping spring is too large, the damping spring is difficult to enter the spring to achieve a good energy dissipation effect of contact friction with the damping spring. When the damping spring is implemented, the upper surface of the energy dissipation element submerges the upper surface of the damping spring and a space is reserved from the top surface of the spring installation cavity. Therefore, the spring can be well ensured to be contacted with the energy dissipation element during the stretching and damping, and a certain deformation space is reserved for the stretching and deformation of the spring.
Furthermore, the shock absorption building is a super high-rise building, and pendulum type shock absorption structures are respectively arranged in the wall bodies in four directions of a top room of the super high-rise building, so that when the topmost end of the building swings under the action of external acting force, a force opposite to the swinging direction of the upper end of the building can be generated under the action of self weight and damping by virtue of a suspended mass block, the structural response caused by the excitation of the external acting force is partially counteracted, and the shock absorption of the building is realized;
and the spring damping wall is arranged in the upper layer room below the top layer room.
Therefore, the invention adopts the double damping principle for the super high-rise building, and creatively arranges the pendulum damping structure in the wall body at the topmost layer of the super high-rise building, so that the super high-rise building does not occupy the redundant space of the building. Because the four walls at the top layer are internally provided with the pendulum damping structures, the building can generate good damping effect no matter which direction the building swings, and the safety of the building is improved. Simultaneously, the damping structure of the two principles has a composite effect, so that the damping effect can be better generated. The structure of pendulum formula principle wherein more is fit for installing in the top layer position, can utilize the pendulum structure to produce the centering effect better, reduces building top swing range, combines the shock attenuation power consumption effect of below spring shock attenuation wall body again, has greatly improved super high-rise building's shock attenuation anti-swing function.
Further, the damping effect is obtained by the friction between the mass block and the elastic material layer on the two sides when the mass block and the wall body swing relatively.
Therefore, the damping effect is more conveniently generated, and the adjustment and the change of the magnitude of the damping effect are convenient, so that a better damping effect is provided.
Furthermore, the wall body at the topmost layer of the super high-rise building is realized by adopting the following pendulum type building damping wall body structure, the pendulum type building damping wall body comprises a vertical installation cavity formed inside the wall body, a mass block is arranged in the middle of the lower end of the installation cavity, a lifting rope is connected to the upper end of the mass block and is hung in the installation cavity through the lifting rope, spaces for the mass block to swing are reserved at two ends of the mass block in the installation cavity along the length direction of the wall body, and the pendulum type building damping wall body structure further comprises a damping member for providing reverse acting force to the swinging direction of the mass block.
Thus, when the super high-rise building vibrates (swings) under the influence of earthquake or wind, the mass block plays a centering role to slow down the swing of the upper end of the building, and particularly when the building vibrates (swings), the mass block generates reverse vibration (swings) relative to the building to offset partial vibration response of the building and reduce the vibration amplitude of the building. Meanwhile, the existence of the damping member and the mass block form a tuned mass damper, and a part of vibration energy is dissipated and converted by means of the interaction of the damping member and the mass block, so that the damping effect is greatly improved.
Preferably, the mounting cavity comprises a sliding groove at the lower part and a plane groove connected above the sliding groove, the mass block is mounted in the sliding groove, the lifting rope is positioned in the plane groove, and the width of the mass block is larger than that of the plane groove.
Therefore, the mass block is limited in the sliding groove to slide, the mass block is prevented from sliding out of the sliding groove, and the wall body is more convenient to transport and assemble when being a prefabricated assembly type wall body.
Preferably, the mass block is in a circular cake shape as a whole. Is convenient for production and manufacture and is beneficial to being limited by the sliding groove.
Preferably, the mass block is made of a steel plate shell in which lead is poured.
Therefore, the weight can be better improved, the centering effect is enhanced, the friction damping is increased, the energy dissipation conversion efficiency is improved, and the shock absorption effect is improved.
Preferably, the sliding groove is in an arc shape consistent with the swinging path of the mass block.
This further facilitates the sliding of the mass within the sliding slot.
Preferably, the lifting rope is a steel wire rope. Ensuring sufficient strength.
As optimization, a supporting beam is horizontally arranged at the upper end of the mounting cavity, and the upper end of the lifting rope is fixed to the lower surface of the supporting beam through an anchor bolt.
Therefore, the installation and the manufacture are convenient, and the supporting beam can better bear the weight of the mass block and ensure the stability of the whole structure.
As optimization, a steel reinforcement cage is arranged in the supporting beam. The strength of the supporting beam is improved better, and the supporting reliability is ensured.
Preferably, the damping member includes friction plates fixed to inner walls of the sliding grooves on both sides of the mass block, the friction plates are made of an elastic material, and the surfaces of the friction plates are friction surfaces contacting with the mass block.
Therefore, the friction plate made of elastic materials can generate a damping effect when the mass block swings, and can rub with the mass block to convert kinetic energy into internal energy for dissipation. Meanwhile, the damping effect can be conveniently adjusted, so that the effect of the tuned mass damper can be better realized.
Preferably, the thickness of the friction plate is gradually increased from the middle part of the sliding groove to two sides.
Therefore, the space interval width for the mass block to slide between the friction plates is gradually reduced from the middle to two sides, when the mass block swings in the sliding groove, the damping action borne by the mass block can be increased along with the increase of the deflection angle, when the building swings under the action of earthquake or wind power, the swing amplitude is larger, the damping action effect of the mass block is larger, the friction energy consumption conversion effect of the mass block and the friction plates is better, the conversion energy consumption damping effect can be in follow-up response with the swing amplitude of the building, and the best tuned mass damper effect is achieved.
And optimally, the pendulum type building damping wall is obtained by mounting prefabricated damping wall units on upright columns at two sides.
Therefore, prefabrication of the damping wall body unit can be completed in a factory, and the wall body can be conveniently obtained through field direct installation and construction.
Furthermore, the damping wall body unit is obtained by combining and fixing a left half wall body and a right half wall body which are integrally and symmetrically arranged, a mounting cavity is formed on the combined surface of the left half wall body and the right half wall body, a supporting beam mounting groove is formed in the upper end face of the combined left half wall body and the combined right half wall body and used for mounting a supporting beam, a lifting rope hole which is downwards communicated with the mounting cavity is reserved in the middle of the bottom of the supporting beam mounting groove and is used for a lifting rope to pass through, a horizontal post-pouring hole channel which is horizontally arranged in a penetrating mode is formed in the circumferential direction of the left half wall body and the right half wall body and close to the edge position of the left half wall body and the right half wall body, and the left half wall body and the right half wall body are relatively fixed by means of concrete poured in the horizontal post-pouring hole channel.
Thus, the preparation of the damping wall body unit is facilitated, and the arrangement and installation of the internal damping structure are facilitated. Specifically, the damping wall unit can be prepared by the following steps: a, independently supporting a formwork and pouring to form a left half wall body and a right half wall body, forming a mounting cavity on the combined surface of the left half wall body and the right half wall body, forming a sliding groove which is integrally arc-shaped and has a larger groove depth at the lower end of the mounting cavity, forming a supporting beam mounting groove at the upper end surface of the left half wall body and the right half wall body after the left half wall body and the right half wall body are combined, and forming a horizontal post-pouring pore channel which is horizontally arranged in a penetrating manner at the position, close to the edge, of the left half wall body and the right half wall body in the circumferential direction; b, sticking and fixing the friction plate in the sliding groove; c, placing the prefabricated mass block into the sliding groove, and pulling out a lifting rope fixed on the mass block to the supporting beam mounting groove; d, completing the involution of the left half wall body and the right half wall body, and pouring concrete in the horizontal post-pouring pore channel to realize fixation; e, keeping the left half wall body and the right half wall body in a vertical state after the folding, binding a steel reinforcement cage in the mounting groove of the supporting beam, fixing the end part of the lifting rope on the steel reinforcement cage, and finishing the pouring of the supporting beam. Therefore, the damping wall body unit can be conveniently, quickly and reliably prefabricated.
Furthermore, the shock absorption wall body unit and the upright columns at two sides of the wall body are installed and fixed through a cast-in-place assembly structure, the cast-in-place assembly structure comprises guide bases which are pre-installed on the inner side surfaces of the upright columns at two sides of the wall body, the guide bases are in an outward-protruding rectangular body, the cast-in-place assembly structure also comprises guide grooves which are pre-installed on the side surfaces at two ends of the shock absorption wall body unit, the positions of the guide grooves correspond to the positions of the guide bases and can clamp the guide bases into the guide grooves, the width of the guide bases is smaller than the width of the wall body and is positioned at the middle position of the width direction of the side surfaces of the upright columns, the length of outward bulges of the guide bases in the horizontal direction is smaller than the depth of the guide grooves, post-casting connecting cavities are formed between the outer side surfaces at the front end and two sides of the guide bases and the guide grooves respectively, and a plurality of connecting reinforcing steel bars which extend outwards into the post-casting connecting cavities are arranged on the outer side surfaces at the front end and two sides of the guide bases respectively, the upper end surface of the damping wall unit is provided with a vertical post-pouring pore channel corresponding to the upper position of the guide groove and connected with the post-pouring connecting cavity; cast-in-place assembly structure still includes stop device, and stop device installs coil spring including being located the spring mounting hole of guide base up end and vertical setting in the spring mounting hole, and coil spring mounting hole drill way department is provided with the spacing ball that the diameter is less than drill way diameter, and first one is pushed out the spring mounting hole drill way by coil spring when spacing ball is not compressed, and the corresponding position is provided with on the top surface on the guiding groove and supplies first one of spacing ball to fall into spacing groove.
Thus, during assembly, the guide bases are pre-installed and fixed on the inner side faces of the uprights on the two sides of the wall body (preferably, the guide bases and the uprights are integrally cast and fixed in a cast-in-place mode), then the prefabricated damping wall body unit is erected and horizontally pushed to the installation position, the guide bases are correspondingly clamped into the guide grooves on the side faces of the two ends of the damping wall body unit, the limiting balls on the upper end face of the guide bases roll into the limiting grooves on the upper top face of the guide grooves to achieve positioning after the damping wall body unit is pushed to be in place, then the pouring templates are well arranged on the two side branches of the guide grooves, concrete is poured into the post-pouring connecting cavities from the vertical post-pouring hole channels on the upper end face of the damping wall body unit and is filled into the post-pouring connecting cavities, after curing and solidification are completed, and assembly construction between the damping wall body unit and the uprights on the two sides of the wall body is completed. Therefore, the damping wall body unit has the advantages of convenience and rapidness in construction, stability and reliability in connection of the damping wall body unit and the stand columns on the two sides of the wall body and the like.
As optimization, a plurality of guide bases are vertically arranged on the inner side surfaces of the upright posts on the two sides of the wall body. The connection reliability is improved better.
In conclusion, the invention has the advantages of simple implementation, no occupation of redundant space of the building, good shock absorption and swing prevention effect of the building, convenient and efficient construction and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural sectional view of a spring shock-absorbing wall body used in a super high-rise building according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view B-B of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view C-C of fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the lower end surface of the upper wall assembly of fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the upper end surface of the next wall assembly in fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a pendulum type shock-absorbing wall body for a super high-rise building according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a view a-a in fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is a view B-B in fig. 6.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
a building shock absorption method based on a spring shock absorption principle is characterized in that a wall of an upper room of a building is divided into a multi-layer wall assembly unit overlapping structure from the height direction, energy dissipation is achieved between every two adjacent layers of wall assembly units through horizontally arranged shock absorption springs, and building vibration is reduced.
Therefore, when an earthquake occurs, the two adjacent layers of wall body assemblies swing in a mutually-deviated way to drive the damping springs to stretch and extrude energy consumption, so that the vibration (swing) is reduced. Has the advantages of convenient implementation and no occupation of redundant space of the building.
Specifically, the method is implemented by using a shock absorption building, wherein spring shock absorption walls (as shown in fig. 1-5) are installed at wall positions in four directions of an upper room, the spring shock absorption walls comprise a plurality of layers of wall assemblies overlapped from the height direction, the shock absorption building specifically comprises an upper layer of wall assembly 1 ', a middle layer of wall assembly 2 ' and a lower layer of wall assembly 3 ', a spring installation cavity is formed between the lower end face of each upper layer of wall assembly and the upper end face of the lower layer of wall assembly, a horizontally arranged shock absorption spring 4 ' is installed in the spring installation cavity, one end of the shock absorption spring 4 ' is abutted to the upper layer of wall assembly, and the other end of the shock absorption spring is abutted to the lower layer of wall assembly.
Therefore, the device has the advantages of simple structure and convenience in installation and implementation.
The spring installation cavity comprises a spring installation cavity body, a spring installation cavity body and a lower end face of the spring installation cavity body, wherein the lower end face of the upper wall body assembly is provided with a groove 5 ' in the middle of two ends in the length direction, the two grooves 5 ' are symmetrically arranged to enable the lower surface of the upper wall body assembly to be I-shaped, the middle of the end portion of the upper end face of the lower wall body assembly in the length direction is symmetrically provided with a protrusion 6 ', and when the two adjacent wall body assemblies are overlapped, the protrusion 6 ' is embedded into the groove 5 ' and seals the outer end position of the groove to enable the inner portion of the groove to form the spring installation cavity body.
Like this, the wall body wholeness is good, simple structure, and simple to operate is swift, and damping spring atress is more balanced stable about the orientation.
The groove, the protrusion and the spring installation cavity are all rectangular structures, and the damping spring is a horizontally arranged spiral spring.
Therefore, construction and installation are more convenient, and the damping spring is more stable and reliable in stress damping.
Wherein, the height of each layer of wall body assembly is reduced from top to bottom.
Therefore, the weight of each layer of wall body assembly is reduced from top to bottom in sequence, different vibration periods and amplitudes can be formed among the wall body assemblies, seismic energy is transmitted among the assembly units through springs during an earthquake, partial vibration energy is offset, the deformation of the whole wall body can be reduced due to the fact that the lower portion is heavy and the upper portion is light, and the vibration mode curve is smoother and more stable.
Wherein, the spring installation cavity is filled with a plurality of energy dissipation elements (not shown in the figure).
Therefore, when the spring is used for damping, mutual contact friction and extrusion are formed between the spring and the energy dissipation element in the repeated stretching process, energy is further consumed and converted, kinetic energy is converted into internal energy and is transmitted outwards for dissipation, and the damping and energy dissipation effects are greatly improved.
Wherein, the energy dissipation element is an elastic ball made of rubber materials.
Therefore, the elastic force of the elastic small ball can be utilized to further improve the elastic extrusion effect of the spring and further improve the damping and energy dissipation effects. In practice, the diameter of the elastic small ball is less than 5 cm. If the damping spring is too large, the damping spring is difficult to enter the spring to achieve a good energy dissipation effect of contact friction with the damping spring. When the damping spring is implemented, the upper surface of the energy dissipation element submerges the upper surface of the damping spring and a space is reserved from the top surface of the spring installation cavity. Therefore, the spring can be well ensured to be contacted with the energy dissipation element during the stretching and damping, and a certain deformation space is reserved for the stretching and deformation of the spring.
Specifically, in the embodiment, the shock absorption building is a super high-rise building, and pendulum type shock absorption structures are respectively arranged in the wall bodies in four directions of a top room of the super high-rise building, so that when the topmost end of the building swings under the action of external acting force, a force opposite to the swinging direction of the upper end of the building can be generated under the action of self weight and damping by virtue of a mass block arranged in a hanging manner, the structural response caused by the excitation of the external acting force is partially offset, and the shock absorption of the building is realized;
and the spring damping wall is arranged in the upper layer room below the top layer room.
Therefore, the invention adopts the double damping principle for the super high-rise building, and creatively arranges the pendulum damping structure in the wall body at the topmost layer of the super high-rise building, so that the super high-rise building does not occupy the redundant space of the building. Because the four walls at the top layer are internally provided with the pendulum damping structures, the building can generate good damping effect no matter which direction the building swings, and the safety of the building is improved. Simultaneously, the damping structure of the two principles has a composite effect, so that the damping effect can be better generated. The structure of pendulum formula principle wherein more is fit for installing in the top layer position, can utilize the pendulum structure to produce the centering effect better, reduces building top swing range, combines the shock attenuation power consumption effect of below spring shock attenuation wall body again, has greatly improved super high-rise building's shock attenuation anti-swing function.
Wherein, the damping effect is obtained by the friction between the elastic material layers 2 at the two sides and the relative swing of the mass block and the wall body.
Therefore, the damping effect is more conveniently generated, and the adjustment and the change of the magnitude of the damping effect are convenient, so that a better damping effect is provided.
The wall body of the topmost layer of the super high-rise building is realized by adopting a pendulum type building damping wall body structure shown in fig. 6-8, the pendulum type building damping wall body comprises a vertical installation cavity 3 formed inside the wall body, a mass block 1 is arranged in the middle of the lower end of the installation cavity 3, the upper end of the mass block 1 is connected with a lifting rope 4 and is hung in the installation cavity through the lifting rope 4, spaces for the mass block to swing are reserved at two ends of the mass block in the installation cavity along the length direction of the wall body, and the damping wall body structure further comprises a damping member for providing a reverse acting force to the swinging direction of the mass block.
Thus, when the super high-rise building vibrates (swings) under the influence of earthquake or wind, the mass block plays a centering role to slow down the swing of the upper end of the building, and particularly when the building vibrates (swings), the mass block generates reverse vibration (swings) relative to the building to offset partial vibration response of the building and reduce the vibration amplitude of the building. Meanwhile, the existence of the damping member and the mass block form a tuned mass damper, and a part of vibration energy is dissipated and converted by means of the interaction of the damping member and the mass block, so that the damping effect is greatly improved.
The installation cavity 3 comprises a sliding groove below and a plane groove connected above the sliding groove, the mass block 1 is installed in the sliding groove, the lifting rope 4 is located in the plane groove, and the width of the mass block is larger than that of the plane groove.
Therefore, the mass block is limited in the sliding groove to slide, the mass block is prevented from sliding out of the sliding groove, and the wall body is more convenient to transport and assemble when being a prefabricated assembly type wall body.
Wherein, the mass block 1 is in a round cake shape as a whole. Is convenient for production and manufacture and is beneficial to being limited by the sliding groove.
The mass block is made of a steel plate shell in which lead is poured.
Therefore, the weight can be better improved, the centering effect is enhanced, the friction damping is increased, the energy dissipation conversion efficiency is improved, and the shock absorption effect is improved.
Wherein, the sliding groove is in an arc shape consistent with the swinging path of the mass block 1.
This further facilitates the sliding of the mass within the sliding slot.
Wherein, the lifting rope 4 adopts a steel wire rope. Ensuring sufficient strength.
Wherein, the upper end level of installation cavity 3 is provided with a supporting beam 5, and the upper end of lifting rope 4 is fixed at a supporting beam 5 lower surface through the crab-bolt.
Therefore, the installation and the manufacture are convenient, and the supporting beam can better bear the weight of the mass block and ensure the stability of the whole structure.
Wherein, a steel reinforcement cage 6 is arranged in the support beam 5. The strength of the supporting beam is improved better, and the supporting reliability is ensured.
The damping member comprises friction plates fixed on the inner walls of the sliding grooves on two sides of the mass block, the friction plates are made of elastic materials and form the elastic material layer 2, and the surfaces of the friction plates are friction surfaces in contact with the mass block.
Therefore, the friction plate made of elastic materials can generate a damping effect when the mass block swings, and can rub with the mass block to convert kinetic energy into internal energy for dissipation. Meanwhile, the damping effect can be conveniently adjusted, so that the effect of the tuned mass damper can be better realized.
Wherein, the thickness of the friction plate is gradually increased from the middle part of the sliding groove to two sides.
Therefore, the space interval width for the mass block to slide between the friction plates is gradually reduced from the middle to two sides, when the mass block swings in the sliding groove, the damping action borne by the mass block can be increased along with the increase of the deflection angle, when the building swings under the action of earthquake or wind power, the swing amplitude is larger, the damping action effect of the mass block is larger, the friction energy consumption conversion effect of the mass block and the friction plates is better, the conversion energy consumption damping effect can be in follow-up response with the swing amplitude of the building, and the best tuned mass damper effect is achieved.
The pendulum type building damping wall is obtained by mounting prefabricated damping wall units 7 on upright columns 8 on two sides.
Therefore, prefabrication of the damping wall body unit can be completed in a factory, and the wall body can be conveniently obtained through field direct installation and construction.
Wherein, the left half wall body and the right half wall body that shock attenuation wall unit 7 set up for whole symmetry are to closing fixedly and are obtained, the installation cavity that forms on the involution face of left half wall body and right half wall body, left side half wall body and right half wall body form a supporting beam mounting groove and are used for the erection bracing beam with the upper end face after involution, the bottom middle part of supporting beam mounting groove leaves the lifting rope hole that communicates the installation cavity downwards and supplies the lifting rope to pass, left side half wall body and right half wall body upwards are close to the border position in the circumference and have the level that the setting is run through behind watering hole way 9, left side half wall body and right half wall body rely on the concrete of pouring in the watering hole way 9 behind the level to realize relatively fixed.
Thus, the preparation of the damping wall body unit is facilitated, and the arrangement and installation of the internal damping structure are facilitated. Specifically, the damping wall unit can be prepared by the following steps: a, independently supporting a formwork and pouring to form a left half wall body and a right half wall body, forming a mounting cavity on the combined surface of the left half wall body and the right half wall body, forming a sliding groove which is integrally arc-shaped and has a larger groove depth at the lower end of the mounting cavity, forming a supporting beam mounting groove at the upper end surface of the left half wall body and the right half wall body after the left half wall body and the right half wall body are combined, and forming a horizontal post-pouring pore channel which is horizontally arranged in a penetrating manner at the position, close to the edge, of the left half wall body and the right half wall body in the circumferential direction; b, sticking and fixing the friction plate in the sliding groove; c, placing the prefabricated mass block into the sliding groove, and pulling out a lifting rope fixed on the mass block to the supporting beam mounting groove; d, completing the involution of the left half wall body and the right half wall body, and pouring concrete in the horizontal post-pouring pore channel to realize fixation; e, keeping the left half wall body and the right half wall body in a vertical state after the folding, binding a steel reinforcement cage in the mounting groove of the supporting beam, fixing the end part of the lifting rope on the steel reinforcement cage, and finishing the pouring of the supporting beam. Therefore, the damping wall body unit can be conveniently, quickly and reliably prefabricated.
Wherein, the installation and fixation between the damping wall unit and the upright columns at two sides of the wall body are realized by a cast-in-place assembly structure, the cast-in-place assembly structure comprises a guide base 10 which is pre-installed on the inner side surfaces of the upright columns at two sides of the wall body, the guide base 10 is a convex rectangular body, the cast-in-place assembly structure also comprises a guide groove 11 which is pre-installed on the side surfaces at two ends of the damping wall unit, the position of the guide groove 11 corresponds to the position of the guide base and can clamp the guide base into the guide groove, the width of the guide base is less than the width of the wall body and is positioned at the middle position of the width direction of the side surfaces of the upright columns, the length of the outward bulge of the guide base in the horizontal direction is less than the depth of the guide groove, so that a rear-pouring connecting cavity 12 is respectively formed between the outer side surface at the front end of the guide base and the outer side surfaces at two sides of the guide base and the guide groove, and a plurality of connecting steel bars 13 which extend outwards into the rear-pouring connecting cavity are respectively arranged on the outer side surface at the front end of the guide base and the two sides of the guide base, the upper end surface of the damping wall unit is also provided with a vertical post-pouring hole channel 14 corresponding to the upper position of the guide groove and connected with the post-pouring connecting cavity 12; cast-in-place assembly structure still includes stop device, and stop device installs coil spring 15 including being located the spring mounting hole of guide base up end and vertical setting in the spring mounting hole, and coil spring mounting hole drill way department is provided with the spacing ball 16 that the diameter is less than the drill way diameter, and first one is pushed out the spring mounting hole drill way by coil spring when spacing ball is not compressed, and corresponding position is provided with on the top surface on the guiding groove and supplies first one of spacing ball to fall into spacing groove.
Thus, during assembly, the guide bases are pre-installed and fixed on the inner side faces of the uprights on the two sides of the wall body (preferably, the guide bases and the uprights are integrally cast and fixed in a cast-in-place mode), then the prefabricated damping wall body unit is erected and horizontally pushed to the installation position, the guide bases are correspondingly clamped into the guide grooves on the side faces of the two ends of the damping wall body unit, the limiting balls on the upper end face of the guide bases roll into the limiting grooves on the upper top face of the guide grooves to achieve positioning after the damping wall body unit is pushed to be in place, then the pouring templates are well arranged on the two side branches of the guide grooves, concrete is poured into the post-pouring connecting cavities from the vertical post-pouring hole channels on the upper end face of the damping wall body unit and is filled into the post-pouring connecting cavities, after curing and solidification are completed, and assembly construction between the damping wall body unit and the uprights on the two sides of the wall body is completed. Therefore, the damping wall body unit has the advantages of convenience and rapidness in construction, stability and reliability in connection of the damping wall body unit and the stand columns on the two sides of the wall body and the like.
Wherein, the guide bases on the inner side surfaces of the upright posts on the two sides of the wall body are vertically provided with a plurality of guide bases. The connection reliability is improved better.
In conclusion, the invention has the advantages of simple implementation, no occupation of redundant space of the building, good shock absorption and swing prevention effect of the building, convenient and efficient construction and the like.
Claims (7)
1. A building damping method based on a spring damping principle is characterized in that a wall of an upper room of a building is divided into a multi-layer wall assembly unit overlapping structure from the height direction, energy dissipation is realized between every two adjacent layers of wall assembly units by means of horizontally arranged damping springs, and building vibration is reduced;
the method is realized by adopting the following shock absorption building, wherein spring shock absorption walls are arranged at the wall positions in four directions of an upper room of the shock absorption building, each spring shock absorption wall comprises a plurality of layers of wall assemblies which are arranged in an overlapped mode from the height direction, a spring installation cavity is formed between the lower end face of the upper layer of wall assembly and the upper end face of the lower layer of wall assembly, a horizontally arranged shock absorption spring is installed in each spring installation cavity, one end part of each shock absorption spring is abutted to the upper layer of wall assembly, and the other end part of each shock absorption spring is abutted to the lower layer of wall assembly;
the lower end face of the upper layer of wall body assembly is respectively provided with a groove in the middle of two ends in the length direction, the two grooves are symmetrically arranged to enable the lower surface of the upper layer of wall body assembly to be I-shaped, the upper end face of the lower layer of wall body assembly is symmetrically provided with a bulge in the middle of two end portions in the length direction, and when the two adjacent layers of wall body assemblies are overlapped, the bulge is embedded into the groove and seals the outer end position of the groove to enable the inner part of the groove to form the spring installation cavity;
a plurality of energy dissipation elements are filled in the spring installation cavity;
the energy dissipation element is an elastic small ball made of rubber materials, and the diameter of the elastic small ball is smaller than 5cm, so that the elastic small ball enters the damping spring.
2. The building shock absorption method based on the spring shock absorption principle according to claim 1, wherein the groove, the protrusion and the spring installation cavity are all rectangular structures, and the shock absorption spring is a horizontally arranged coil spring.
3. The shock-absorbing method for buildings based on the spring shock-absorbing principle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heights of the wall assemblies of the respective floors are sequentially reduced from top to bottom.
4. The building shock absorption method based on the spring shock absorption principle according to claim 1, wherein the shock absorption building is a super high-rise building, and pendulum type shock absorption structures are respectively arranged in the wall bodies in four directions of a top room of the super high-rise building, so that when the topmost end of the building swings under the action of external acting force, a force opposite to the swinging direction of the upper end of the building can be generated under the action of self weight and damping by virtue of a suspended mass block, the structural response caused by the excitation of the external acting force is partially counteracted, and the shock absorption of the building is realized;
and the spring damping wall is arranged in the upper layer room below the top layer room.
5. The spring shock absorption principle-based building shock absorption method according to claim 4, wherein the topmost wall of the super high-rise building is realized by adopting a pendulum type building shock absorption wall structure, the pendulum type building shock absorption wall structure comprises a vertical installation cavity formed in the wall, a mass block is arranged in the middle of the lower end of the installation cavity, a lifting rope is connected to the upper end of the mass block and is hung in the installation cavity through the lifting rope, spaces for the mass block to swing are reserved at two ends of the mass block in the installation cavity along the length direction of the wall, and the spring shock absorption wall structure further comprises a damping member for providing a reverse acting force to the swinging direction of the mass block;
the mounting cavity comprises a sliding groove at the lower part and a plane groove connected above the sliding groove, the mass block is mounted in the sliding groove, the lifting rope is positioned in the plane groove, and the width of the mass block is larger than that of the plane groove;
the mass block is integrally in a circular cake shape;
the mass block is made by pouring lead into the steel plate shell;
the sliding groove is in an arc shape consistent with the swinging path of the mass block;
a supporting beam is horizontally arranged at the upper end of the mounting cavity, and the upper end of the lifting rope is fixed to the lower surface of the supporting beam through an anchor bolt.
6. The shock absorbing method for buildings according to the spring shock absorbing principle as claimed in claim 5, wherein the damping member comprises friction plates fixed to inner walls of the sliding grooves at both sides of the mass, the friction plates being made of an elastic material, surfaces of the friction plates being friction surfaces contacting the mass;
the thickness of the friction plate is gradually increased from the middle part of the sliding groove to two sides.
7. The spring shock absorption principle-based building shock absorption method according to claim 5, wherein the pendulum type building shock absorption wall is obtained by mounting prefabricated shock absorption wall units on two side columns;
the damping wall body unit is obtained by oppositely fixing a left half wall body and a right half wall body which are integrally and symmetrically arranged, a mounting cavity is formed on the oppositely combined surface of the left half wall body and the right half wall body, a supporting beam mounting groove is formed on the upper end surface of the oppositely combined left half wall body and right half wall body and is used for mounting a supporting beam, a lifting rope hole which is downwards communicated with the mounting cavity is reserved in the middle of the bottom of the supporting beam mounting groove and is used for a lifting rope to pass through, a horizontal rear pouring hole channel which is horizontally arranged in a penetrating way is formed in the peripheral position of the left half wall body and the right half wall body, and the left half wall body and the right half wall body are relatively fixed by virtue of concrete poured in the horizontal rear pouring hole channel;
the damping wall unit can be prepared by the following steps: a, independently supporting a formwork and pouring to form a left half wall body and a right half wall body, forming a mounting cavity on the combined surface of the left half wall body and the right half wall body, forming a sliding groove which is integrally arc-shaped and has a larger groove depth at the lower end of the mounting cavity, forming a supporting beam mounting groove at the upper end surface of the left half wall body and the right half wall body after the left half wall body and the right half wall body are combined, and forming a horizontal post-pouring pore channel which is horizontally arranged in a penetrating manner at the position, close to the edge, of the left half wall body and the right half wall body in the circumferential direction; b, sticking and fixing the friction plate in the sliding groove; c, placing the prefabricated mass block into the sliding groove, and pulling out a lifting rope fixed on the mass block to the supporting beam mounting groove; d, completing the involution of the left half wall body and the right half wall body, and pouring concrete in the horizontal post-pouring pore channel to realize fixation; e, keeping the left half wall body and the right half wall body in a vertical state after the left half wall body and the right half wall body are combined, binding a steel reinforcement cage in the mounting groove of the supporting beam, fixing the end part of the lifting rope on the steel reinforcement cage, and finishing the pouring of the supporting beam, so that the damping wall body unit can be conveniently, quickly and reliably prefabricated;
the cast-in-place assembly structure comprises guide bases which are pre-installed on the inner side surfaces of the upright columns on the two sides of the wall body, the guide bases are in a convex rectangular body, the cast-in-place assembly structure also comprises guide grooves which are pre-installed on the side surfaces of the two ends of the shock-absorbing wall body unit, the positions of the guide grooves correspond to the positions of the guide bases and can clamp the guide bases into the guide grooves, the width of each guide base is smaller than the width of the wall body and is positioned in the middle position of the width direction of the side surface of the upright column, the length of an outward bulge of the guide bases in the horizontal direction is smaller than the depth of each guide groove, a rear-pouring connecting cavity is formed between each outer side surface of the front end of the guide base and each outer side surface of the two sides of the guide base and the guide grooves, and a plurality of connecting reinforcing steel bars which extend outwards and enter the rear-pouring connecting cavities are arranged on the outer side surfaces of the front end of the guide bases and the two sides of the guide bases, the upper end surface of the damping wall unit is provided with a vertical post-pouring pore channel corresponding to the upper position of the guide groove and connected with the post-pouring connecting cavity; cast-in-place assembly structure still includes stop device, and stop device installs coil spring including being located the spring mounting hole of guide base up end and vertical setting in the spring mounting hole, and coil spring mounting hole drill way department is provided with the spacing ball that the diameter is less than drill way diameter, and first one is pushed out the spring mounting hole drill way by coil spring when spacing ball is not compressed, and the corresponding position is provided with on the top surface on the guiding groove and supplies first one of spacing ball to fall into spacing groove.
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| CN202111480743.XA CN114108877B (en) | 2020-11-17 | 2020-11-17 | Shock attenuation building based on spring shock attenuation principle |
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| CN102995787A (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2013-03-27 | 清华大学 | Rolling mass tuning damper |
| JP2015124492A (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2015-07-06 | オイレス工業株式会社 | Seismic control structure |
| CN105569209A (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2016-05-11 | 中建四局第一建筑工程有限公司 | Method for damping and energy dissipation of high-rise housing energy dissipation wall, and device thereof |
| CN109208992A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2019-01-15 | 广州大学 | A kind of damping connecting upper beam and underbeam |
| CN111479975A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2020-07-31 | 帕马斯迪利沙股份公司 | Dynamic vibration damping system for high-rise buildings |
| CN111749371A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-10-09 | 湖南大学 | Energy dissipation shock attenuation assembled wallboard structure of filling |
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- 2020-11-17 CN CN202111480743.XA patent/CN114108877B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102995787A (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2013-03-27 | 清华大学 | Rolling mass tuning damper |
| JP2015124492A (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2015-07-06 | オイレス工業株式会社 | Seismic control structure |
| CN105569209A (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2016-05-11 | 中建四局第一建筑工程有限公司 | Method for damping and energy dissipation of high-rise housing energy dissipation wall, and device thereof |
| CN111479975A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2020-07-31 | 帕马斯迪利沙股份公司 | Dynamic vibration damping system for high-rise buildings |
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| CN112459283A (en) | 2021-03-09 |
| CN114108877A (en) | 2022-03-01 |
| CN114108877B (en) | 2023-06-20 |
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