CN112456919A - Method for making bricks by mixing fly ash and slag - Google Patents
Method for making bricks by mixing fly ash and slag Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112456919A CN112456919A CN202011476956.0A CN202011476956A CN112456919A CN 112456919 A CN112456919 A CN 112456919A CN 202011476956 A CN202011476956 A CN 202011476956A CN 112456919 A CN112456919 A CN 112456919A
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- Prior art keywords
- fly ash
- slag
- chelating agent
- mixing
- cement
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/54—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material specially adapted for producing articles from molten material, e.g. slag refractory ceramic materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/34—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing cold phosphate binders
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for making bricks by mixing fly ash and slag, which comprises the following steps: (1) diluting the medicament; (2) stabilizing fly ash; (3) crushing and screening the furnace slag; (4) mixing and making bricks; (5) and (5) curing and forming. Heavy metals in the fly ash are stabilized by using a chelating agent, then the heavy metals are mixed and stirred with the slag, the magnesium phosphate cement, the auxiliary material and water, and the mixture is poured into a mold for curing and forming to obtain the fly ash and slag mixed cement brick. The chelating agent stabilizes heavy metals in the fly ash, so that the heavy metals are not easy to leach out; the addition of the slag, the magnesium phosphate cement and the auxiliary materials further strengthens the stabilization effect on heavy metals, improves the strength of the brick blocks, reduces the environmental risk of fly ash landfill, can be used as a resource, can be used as a roadbed or foundation, a sea wall, a mine goaf filler and the like, and changes the harm into the treasure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a process method for making bricks by mixing domestic garbage incineration fly ash and slag, which is used for chelating and stabilizing heavy metal elements in the domestic garbage incineration fly ash, and simultaneously preparing cement bricks by mixing the incineration fly ash and cement, so that heavy metals are cured in two stages, the environmental protection risk is greatly reduced, and the resource utilization of the fly ash is realized.
Background
The existing treatment of the fly ash generated by burning the household garbage becomes a great problem in the industry, the main treatment technologies of a large amount of fly ash at present comprise medicament stabilization, cement solidification, high-temperature heat treatment, cement kiln cooperative treatment and the like, and the mainstream technology of the industry adopts medicament chelation stabilization and landfill treatment. Along with the continuous development of urbanization, the cost of land used in cities and towns is increased, and the storage capacity of landfill sites is reduced, so that the fly ash treatment needs to be carried out in another way. At present, although the fly ash recycling technology exists, the cost is high and the process is complex.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for making bricks by mixing fly ash and slag, which aims to enrich the selection of fly ash treatment technology, reduce the landfill amount of fly ash and combine the fly ash medicament chelating stabilization technology. The fly ash can be recycled on the premise of ensuring that the leaching of the heavy metal reaches the standard.
The specific operation steps are as follows:
(1) diluting the medicament: according to the heavy metal characteristics and the chelating agent properties of the household garbage incineration fly ash, determining a proper chelating agent adding proportion, mixing the chelating agent and water in a dilution tank according to a certain proportion, and then transferring the mixture to a temporary storage tank for later use;
(2) fly ash stabilization: the fly ash enters a stirring tank through a scraper conveyor, 15-25% of chelating agent diluent is added at the same time, and the fly ash and the chelating agent are fully and uniformly mixed under the action of a stirrer;
(3) crushing and screening slag: crushing the waste incineration slag to a fine particle size by using a crusher, then carrying out vibration screening on the crushed slag through a 50-mesh sieve, and taking undersize for later use;
(4) and (3) mixed brickmaking: adding the undersize slag, cement and auxiliary materials into a disc feeder in a proper ratio through a weighing device, then sending into a stirring tank, adding 20-30% of water, and continuously stirring to fully mix and contact the materials, wherein the stirring time is 3-5 minutes;
(5) curing and forming: pouring the stirred mixture into a mold, placing the mold in a temporary storage room for curing for 3 days, then opening the mold, and continuing curing the brick for 7 days after opening the mold.
Further, the chelating agent used in step (1) includes, but is not limited to, common organic and inorganic chelating agents such as carbamate and its derivatives, EDTA, organic polyphosphates, phosphates, sulfides, and the like; the addition mass ratio of the chelating agent to the fly ash is 3-10%.
Further, the mass ratio of the chelating agent to water in the diluent used in the step (2) is 1: 1-3, and the stirring time is 1-2 min.
Furthermore, the fly ash used in the step (3) is mixed with a chelating agent for reaction without solidification and crushing, and is directly mixed with other materials in a stirring tank for making bricks, so that the process flow is simplified.
Further, the cement used in step (4) includes, but is not limited to, magnesium phosphate cement, ordinary portland cement; magnesium phosphate cement is preferred. The auxiliary materials are sand, fiber materials and mineral powder substances.
Further, in the mixed material used in the step (4), according to the mass ratio, the fly ash accounts for 10% -35%, the undersize slag accounts for 30% -55%, the cement accounts for 25% -30%, and the auxiliary materials account for 10% -20%, respectively.
It is another object of the present invention to prepare a brick obtained by any of the above processes.
Still another object of the present invention is to use the brick obtained as described above in at least one of (r) - (v):
filling the mixture into a landfill;
a second step of road subgrade;
thirdly, foundation construction is carried out;
fourthly, seawall;
filling material in mine goaf.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. under the dual action of the chelating agent and the magnesium phosphate cement, the fly ash can effectively achieve the heavy metal stabilization effect, and greatly reduce the leaching risk.
2. The fly ash is mixed with slag, cement and auxiliary materials, the strength of the brick is improved, and the brick can be used as sea wall, roadbed, foundation, mine goaf filler and the like, so that the fly ash is recycled. And the landfill pressure and the land use pressure are relieved.
The following further description is made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the fly ash and slag mixed brick making process of the present invention.
Detailed Description
(1) Diluting the medicament: according to the heavy metal characteristics and the chelating agent properties of the household garbage incineration fly ash, determining a proper chelating agent adding proportion, mixing the chelating agent and water in a dilution tank according to a certain proportion, and then transferring the mixture to a temporary storage tank for later use;
(2) fly ash stabilization: the fly ash enters a stirring tank through a scraper conveyor, 15-25% of chelating agent diluent is added at the same time, and the fly ash and the chelating agent are fully and uniformly mixed under the action of a stirrer;
(3) crushing and screening slag: crushing the waste incineration slag to a fine particle size by using a crusher, then carrying out vibration screening on the crushed slag through a 50-mesh sieve, and taking undersize for later use;
(4) and (3) mixed brickmaking: adding the undersize slag, cement and auxiliary materials into a disc feeder in a proper ratio through a weighing device, then sending into a stirring tank, adding 20-30% of water, and continuously stirring to fully mix and contact the materials, wherein the stirring time is 3-5 minutes;
(5) curing and forming: pouring the stirred mixture into a mold, placing the mold in a temporary storage room for curing for 3 days, then opening the mold, and continuing curing the brick for 7 days after opening the mold.
Example 1:
bricks were prepared from fly ash from incineration of domestic garbage and slag according to the procedure shown in fig. 1, and 12kg of diluted dithiocarbamate chelating agent (the dilution ratio of chelating agent to water was 1:1) was added to 100kg of fly ash, and the chelating agent ratio was 6%. And stirring for 1min, adding 225kg of crushed and screened slag, 115kg of magnesium phosphate cement and 60kg of auxiliary materials, continuously stirring for 3min, then placing the mixture into a mold, placing the mixture into a temporary storage room for maintenance for 3 days, then opening the mold, continuously maintaining the brick for 7 days after opening the mold, and performing total maintenance for 10 days.
The compression strength of the prepared brick reaches 19.77Mpa, 19.32Mpa and 20.35 Mpa. Heavy metal leaching concentration determined according to the method specified in HJ 300: 0.18mg/L of lead, 12.3mg/L of zinc and 0.093mg/L of cadmium, meets the requirement of the standard GB 16889, and the leaching concentrations of other heavy metals except the three heavy metals meet the standard requirement.
Compared with the prior resource technology, the invention has more obvious environmental protection effect and lower cost. The invention has simpler process flow, stabilizes heavy metal in the fly ash by using the dual curing action of the chelating agent and the magnesium phosphate cement, and avoids environment pollution by dissolution. Meanwhile, under the action of slag and other auxiliary materials, the strength of the brick can be improved, and the resource utilization of fly ash is realized.
Claims (8)
1. A method for making bricks by mixing fly ash and slag is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) diluting the medicament: according to the heavy metal characteristics and medicament properties of the waste incineration fly ash, determining a proper chelating agent adding proportion, mixing and stirring the chelating agent and water in a dilution tank, and then transferring the mixture to a medicament temporary storage tank for later use;
(2) fly ash stabilization: the fly ash enters a stirring tank through a screw conveyor, and meanwhile, chelating agent diluent in a certain proportion is added, and the fly ash and the chelating agent are fully and uniformly mixed under the action of a stirrer;
(3) crushing and screening slag: crushing the waste incineration slag to a fine particle size by using a crusher, then carrying out vibration screening on the crushed slag through a 50-mesh sieve, and taking undersize for later use;
(4) and (3) mixed brickmaking: adding the undersize slag, cement and auxiliary materials into a disc feeder through a weighing device, then sending into a stirring tank, adding 20-30% of water, and continuously stirring to fully mix and contact the materials;
(5) curing and forming: pouring the stirred mixture into a mold, placing the mold in a temporary storage room for curing for 3 days, then opening the mold, and continuing curing the brick for 7 days after opening the mold.
2. The method for making bricks by mixing fly ash and slag as claimed in claim 1, wherein the chelating agent used in step (1) includes but is not limited to common organic and inorganic chelating agents such as carbamate and its derivatives, EDTA, organic polyphosphate, phosphate, sulfide, etc.; the addition mass ratio of the chelating agent to the fly ash is 3-10%.
3. The method for making a brick by mixing fly ash and slag according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the chelating agent to water in the diluent used in the step (2) is 1: 1-3, and the stirring time is 1-2 min.
4. The method for making bricks by mixing fly ash and slag according to claim 1, wherein the fly ash used in step (3) is mixed with chelating agent and reacted without solidification and crushing, and is directly mixed with other materials in a stirring tank for making bricks, so as to simplify the process flow.
5. The method for making bricks by mixing fly ash and slag as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cement used in step (4) includes but is not limited to magnesium phosphate cement, Portland cement; the auxiliary materials are sand, fiber materials and mineral powder substances.
6. The method for manufacturing bricks by mixing fly ash and slag according to claim 1, wherein the mixture used in step (4) comprises 10-35% fly ash, 30-55% undersize slag, 25-30% cement and 10-20% auxiliary materials by weight.
7. A brick produced by the method of any one of claim 1.
8. Use of a block according to claim 7 in at least one of (r) - (c):
filling the mixture into a landfill;
a second step of road subgrade;
thirdly, foundation construction is carried out;
fourthly, seawall;
filling material in mine goaf.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011476956.0A CN112456919A (en) | 2020-12-15 | 2020-12-15 | Method for making bricks by mixing fly ash and slag |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011476956.0A CN112456919A (en) | 2020-12-15 | 2020-12-15 | Method for making bricks by mixing fly ash and slag |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112456919A true CN112456919A (en) | 2021-03-09 |
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| CN202011476956.0A Pending CN112456919A (en) | 2020-12-15 | 2020-12-15 | Method for making bricks by mixing fly ash and slag |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113441513A (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2021-09-28 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Organic-inorganic composite material for stabilizing heavy metal waste residue and preparation method thereof |
| CN115254915A (en) * | 2022-08-04 | 2022-11-01 | 洋耳科技(杭州)有限公司 | Fly ash harmless treatment and resource production process and equipment |
| CN116352869A (en) * | 2023-05-31 | 2023-06-30 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所(生态环境部生态环境应急研究所) | Harmless treatment and recycling device and method for fly ash |
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| CN108314366A (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2018-07-24 | 清华大学 | A method of utilizing domestic garbage incineration flyash and furnace slag brick making |
| CN109485377A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2019-03-19 | 苏钰荃 | It is the method for making of brick material using garbage incineration fly ash |
| CN110255998A (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2019-09-20 | 光大环保技术研究院（深圳）有限公司 | Utilize the method for clinker and flying dust brickmaking |
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2020
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113441513A (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2021-09-28 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Organic-inorganic composite material for stabilizing heavy metal waste residue and preparation method thereof |
| CN113441513B (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2022-07-19 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Organic-inorganic composite material for stabilizing heavy metal waste residue and preparation method thereof |
| CN115254915A (en) * | 2022-08-04 | 2022-11-01 | 洋耳科技(杭州)有限公司 | Fly ash harmless treatment and resource production process and equipment |
| CN115254915B (en) * | 2022-08-04 | 2024-04-02 | 洋耳科技(杭州)有限公司 | Harmless treatment and resource production process and equipment for fly ash |
| CN116352869A (en) * | 2023-05-31 | 2023-06-30 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所(生态环境部生态环境应急研究所) | Harmless treatment and recycling device and method for fly ash |
| CN116352869B (en) * | 2023-05-31 | 2023-08-08 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所(生态环境部生态环境应急研究所) | Harmless treatment and recycling device and method for fly ash |
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Application publication date: 20210309 |