CN112452499A - Method for harmless treatment and multistage utilization of aluminum industry waste cathode carbon blocks - Google Patents
Method for harmless treatment and multistage utilization of aluminum industry waste cathode carbon blocks Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112452499A CN112452499A CN202011042152.XA CN202011042152A CN112452499A CN 112452499 A CN112452499 A CN 112452499A CN 202011042152 A CN202011042152 A CN 202011042152A CN 112452499 A CN112452499 A CN 112452499A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- cathode carbon
- waste cathode
- stage
- screening
- carbon blocks
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C21/00—Disintegrating plant with or without drying of the material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C2201/00—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials
- B02C2201/06—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials for garbage, waste or sewage
Abstract
The invention provides a method for harmlessly treating and multi-stage utilizing aluminum industry waste cathode carbon blocks, relates to the technical field of metallurgy, and solves the problem that enterprises cannot harmlessly treat and secondarily utilize the waste cathode carbon blocks. The method comprises the steps of crushing the waste cathode carbon blocks; performing primary screening; carrying out primary fine grinding on the waste cathode carbon blocks subjected to primary screening to obtain waste cathode carbon powder; performing secondary screening; one part of the waste cathode carbon powder which passes through the secondary screening is used as a carburant and a foaming agent for secondary utilization, and the other part of the waste cathode carbon powder is subjected to secondary fine grinding; carrying out three-stage screening; and carrying out secondary utilization on the waste cathode carbon powder subjected to the three-level screening as a slag surface deoxidizer. By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the effects of carrying out low-cost, high-efficiency and harmless treatment on the waste cathode carbon blocks and realizing multi-stage utilization are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metallurgy, in particular to a method for harmlessly treating and multi-stage utilizing waste cathode carbon blocks in aluminum industry.
Background
The production of electrolytic aluminum takes alumina as raw material, takes molten cryolite and other fluorides as flux, takes a suspended carbon block as an anode and a cathode carbon block as a cathode, carries out electrolysis in an electrolytic bath to obtain molten metal aluminum, then carries out uniform mixing of each batch, digestions, deslagging and degassing, and then casts into a metal aluminum ingot.
The waste cathode carbon block for electrolyzing aluminum is a waste cathode conductive material dismantled in an industrial aluminum electrolysis cell. The cathode carbon block of the industrial aluminum electrolysis cell is directly contacted with the cryolite-alumina-fluoride salt mixture electrolyte melted at high temperature, and the electrolyte and the cathode carbon block are subjected to infiltration or generation of NaF and Na, such as thermal action, mechanical erosion action, molten salt reaction caused by electrolyte infiltration, electrochemical reaction and the like in the electrolysis process3AlF6And KF, LiF and the like, and meanwhile, the conductivity of the cathode carbon block is deteriorated, the body is damaged, and even the problem that the aluminum liquid in the electrolytic cell leaks from the crack opening occurs, so that the electrolytic cell is forced to stop for overhaul and the cathode carbon block is updated.
The waste cathode carbon blocks are not properly stockpiled and disposed, and can cause great harm to underground water, atmospheric soil, ecological systems and organisms. Two aspects of work are mainly carried out on the disposal of the waste cathode carbon block in the industry, wherein the first is the conversion from soluble fluoride to insoluble fluoride to realize harmlessness; secondly, valuable substances such as high-quality carbon, fluoride salt and the like are separated and extracted for utilization, and recycling is realized. The treatment technology comprises a flotation method, a sulfuric acid acidolysis method, a pyrogenic method or the production of an anode protection ring by using a waste cathode carbon block, but all the methods need special qualified solid waste treatment factories and have higher treatment cost.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems, the invention provides a method for harmlessly treating and multi-stage utilizing aluminum industry waste cathode carbon blocks, and solves the problem that enterprises cannot carry out harmlessness treatment and secondary utilization on the waste cathode carbon blocks.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for harmlessly treating and multi-stage utilizing aluminum industry waste cathode carbon blocks comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: crushing the waste cathode carbon blocks;
step two: performing primary screening, and returning the waste cathode carbon blocks which do not pass the primary screening to the first step for crushing again;
step three: carrying out primary fine grinding on the waste cathode carbon blocks subjected to primary screening to obtain waste cathode carbon powder;
step four: performing secondary screening, returning the waste cathode carbon powder which does not pass the secondary screening to the third step for primary fine grinding again;
step five: dividing the waste cathode carbon powder subjected to secondary screening into two parts, wherein one part is used as a carburant and a foaming agent for secondary utilization, and the other part is subjected to secondary fine grinding;
step six: performing third-stage screening, returning the waste cathode carbon powder which does not pass through the third-stage screening to the fifth step, and performing second-stage fine grinding again;
step seven: and the waste cathode carbon powder subjected to the three-stage screening is used as a slag surface deoxidizer for secondary utilization.
In the steps of the method, the waste cathode carbon blocks are subjected to physical treatment and are secondarily utilized as a carburant, a foaming agent and a slag surface deoxidizer, so that the waste cathode carbon blocks are subjected to multistage utilization, secondary harmless treatment is simultaneously performed during secondary utilization, and the effects of low cost, high efficiency and harmlessness are achieved.
Further, in the second step and the third step, the condition of the primary screening is that the particle size is less than 80 mm.
Further, in the fourth step and the fifth step, the condition of the secondary screening is that the particle size is less than 1.5 mm.
Further, in the sixth step and the seventh step, the condition of the third-stage screening is that the particle size is smaller than 100 meshes.
Further, in the step one, the crushing equipment is a crusher.
Further, in the third step, the equipment adopted by the first-stage fine grinding is a first-stage vertical grinding machine.
Further, in the fifth step, the device adopted by the secondary fine grinding is a secondary vertical grinding machine.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a method for harmlessly treating and multi-stage utilizing waste cathode carbon blocks in aluminum industry, which is characterized in that the waste cathode carbon blocks are crushed and finely ground by adopting a physical method to carry out particle size reforming, so that the waste cathode carbon blocks are secondarily utilized, and the effects of carrying out low-cost and high-efficiency harmlessness on the waste cathode carbon blocks and realizing multi-stage utilization are achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention
Detailed Description
The present application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Please refer to fig. 1. The specific process of the invention is as follows:
firstly, crushing large waste cathode carbon blocks into small waste cathode carbon blocks by using a crusher, and then carrying out primary screening on the small waste cathode carbon blocks by using a large-aperture mechanical vibrating screen. The condition of primary screening is that the particle size is less than 80mm, namely, the crushed small pieces of waste cathode carbon blocks still have the particle size of more than 80mm and need to be crushed again.
And for the small waste cathode carbon blocks with the particle size of less than 80mm, which pass through the primary screening, carrying out primary fine grinding by using a primary vertical grinding machine to obtain coarse-grained waste cathode carbon powder. And then, performing secondary screening on the obtained coarse-fraction waste cathode carbon powder by using a mechanical vibrating screen with a smaller aperture. Similarly, the condition of the secondary screening is that the particle size is less than 1.5mm, namely, the primary fine grinding is needed to be carried out again on the part of the coarse-fraction waste cathode carbon powder with the particle size of more than 1.5mm after the primary fine grinding.
And (3) performing secondary fine grinding on coarse-fraction waste cathode carbon powder with the particle size smaller than 1.5mm, which passes the secondary screening, by using a secondary vertical grinding machine to obtain fine-fraction waste cathode carbon powder. And then the obtained fine-grained waste cathode carbon powder is subjected to three-level screening by using a mechanical vibrating screen with smaller aperture. Wherein, the condition of the third-stage screening is that the grain diameter is less than 100 meshes, namely, the second-stage fine grinding is needed to be carried out on the part of the fine-grained waste cathode carbon powder with the grain diameter more than 100 meshes after the second-stage fine grinding.
Example 1
Coarse fraction waste cathode carbon powder which passes through secondary screening can be filled into a ladle, the ladle is put into a metallurgical furnace or a refining furnace to be used as a molten steel recarburizer, the characteristics of low sulfur and low volatile content of the waste cathode carbon block are utilized, expensive coal and coke recarburizers are replaced, and the steel making cost is reduced.
Example 2
The coarse-grained waste cathode carbon powder which passes the secondary screening can be also loaded into a powder spraying tank, and when the powder is used for steelmaking in an electric arc furnace, compressed air is used as carrier gas and is sprayed onto the surface of the slag according to the dosage of 3-5 kg/ton steel, and reacts with the oxidizing slag and oxygen to generate gas which is used as a foaming agent, so that the functions of promoting the stirring of a molten pool, removing molten steel gas and impurities, promoting the foaming of the slag and protecting lining refractory materials are achieved.
Example 3
The fine-grained waste cathode carbon powder screened by the three-level screening can be used as a deoxidizer of a top slag surface during converter tapping or molten steel refining treatment after being filled into a steel ladle. Because the granularity is very fine, the recarburization function of the steel is weakened, the reaction with iron and manganese oxides in the slag is enhanced, the deoxidation of the slag surface can be realized, the metal yield is improved, the deoxidation and desulfurization reactions in the ladle refining process are promoted, and the quality of steel is improved.
Example 4
In the three embodiments, alkali metal ions and soluble fluoride salt contained in the waste cathode carbon block can be fully utilized and are solidified and converted into CaF through alkaline materials such as calcium oxide and the like2The method can reduce the melting point of the slag and the adjusting effect of the alumina on the components of the slag, promote the melting of the steel slag, improve the dynamic conditions of metallurgical reaction, shorten the working procedure time and reduce the cost.
Meanwhile, the three embodiments all comprise two-stage harmless treatment, wherein the first-stage harmless treatment comprises the following steps: the salts and oxides in the waste cathode carbon inevitably react with the steel slag, the fluoride contained in the waste cathode carbon is firstly dissociated into ions in the high-temperature liquid steel slag, and the free fluoride ions react with calcium ions and magnesium ions to form calcium fluoride, magnesium fluoride and 3 CaO. CaF with low melting point2·2SiO2Most of the insoluble substances are solidified in the slag, and the chemical reaction process is as follows:
Na3AlF6→AlF3+3NaF
2NaF+(O2-)→Na2O+2F-
2AlF3+3O2-→Al2O3+6F-
2AlF3+2NaF+4O2-→Na2O+Al2O3+8F-
(2F-)+(2CaO·SiO2)+(CaO)→(3CaO·CaF2·2SiO2)
the decomposition temperature of cyanide is 300 ℃, the cyanide can be completely decomposed at 700 ℃, the temperature of steel smelting (a molten pool and primary flue gas) is more than 1500 ℃, and at the high temperature, the cyanide can be thoroughly decomposed and oxidized to realize harmless treatment, and the chemical reaction process is as follows:
3Fe(CN)2→Fe3C+2(CN)2+N2
2(NaCN)+5(FeO)→5Fe+2CO2+N2+Na2O
2(KCN)+5(FeO)→5Fe+2CO2+N2+K2O
(CN)2+O2→CO2+NO
2NO+O2→2NO2
NO2+H2O→HNO3+NO
the second-stage harmless treatment comprises the following steps: soluble fluoride in the carbon block powder sucked by the dust removal system in the charging process and a small amount of soluble fluoride which does not participate in slagging reaction due to high-temperature volatilization in the converter enter a dust removal flue, are fully contacted, mixed and reacted with CaO and MgO in smoke dust and added bleaching powder, a small amount of soluble fluoride entering the smoke is converted into insoluble fluoride, and a small amount of CN entering the smoke is eliminated-The harmfulness of (c); NO produced by decomposition of cyanide2Enters the steelmaking smoke dust in a gas state, and is combined with CaO particles and H in the steelmaking smoke dust under the dedusting process condition2The O contact generates chemical reaction to generate Ca (NO)3)2Entering into metallurgical dust and mud, avoiding nitrogen oxide pollution and HNO3The presence of (a) has an adverse effect on the facility.
Claims (7)
1. A method for harmlessly treating and multi-stage utilizing aluminum industry waste cathode carbon blocks is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: crushing the waste cathode carbon blocks;
step two: performing primary screening, and returning the waste cathode carbon blocks which do not pass the primary screening to the first step for crushing again;
step three: carrying out primary fine grinding on the waste cathode carbon blocks subjected to primary screening to obtain waste cathode carbon powder;
step four: performing secondary screening, returning the waste cathode carbon powder which does not pass the secondary screening to the third step for primary fine grinding again;
step five: dividing the waste cathode carbon powder subjected to secondary screening into two parts, wherein one part is used as a carburant and a foaming agent for secondary utilization, and the other part is subjected to secondary fine grinding;
step six: performing third-stage screening, returning the waste cathode carbon powder which does not pass through the third-stage screening to the fifth step, and performing second-stage fine grinding again;
step seven: and the waste cathode carbon powder subjected to the three-stage screening is used as a slag surface deoxidizer for secondary utilization.
2. The method for the harmless treatment and multi-stage utilization of the aluminum industry waste cathode carbon block as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the second step and the third step, the condition of the first-stage screening is that the particle size is less than 80 mm.
3. The method for harmlessly treating and multi-stage utilizing the aluminum industry waste cathode carbon block as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the fourth step and the fifth step, the condition of secondary screening is that the particle size is less than 1.5 mm.
4. The method for harmlessly treating and multi-stage utilizing the waste cathode carbon blocks in the aluminum industry according to claim 3, wherein in the sixth step and the seventh step, the condition of the three-stage screening is that the particle size is less than 100 meshes.
5. The method for the harmless treatment and multi-stage utilization of the aluminum industry waste cathode carbon blocks as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein in the first step, the crushing equipment is a crusher.
6. The method for the harmless treatment and multi-stage utilization of the aluminum industry waste cathode carbon blocks as claimed in claim 5, wherein in the third step, the equipment adopted by the first-stage fine grinding is a first-stage vertical grinding machine.
7. The method for the harmless treatment and multi-stage utilization of the aluminum industry waste cathode carbon blocks as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the fifth step, the equipment adopted by the second-stage fine grinding is a second-stage vertical grinding machine.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011042152.XA CN112452499A (en) | 2020-09-28 | 2020-09-28 | Method for harmless treatment and multistage utilization of aluminum industry waste cathode carbon blocks |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011042152.XA CN112452499A (en) | 2020-09-28 | 2020-09-28 | Method for harmless treatment and multistage utilization of aluminum industry waste cathode carbon blocks |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112452499A true CN112452499A (en) | 2021-03-09 |
Family
ID=74833752
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011042152.XA Pending CN112452499A (en) | 2020-09-28 | 2020-09-28 | Method for harmless treatment and multistage utilization of aluminum industry waste cathode carbon blocks |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112452499A (en) |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101829670A (en) * | 2010-04-02 | 2010-09-15 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Method for recovering carbon from electrolytic aluminum waste cathode carbon block |
| CN106565120A (en) * | 2016-11-07 | 2017-04-19 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Hazard-free treatment and utilization method for aluminium electrolysis waste slot liner |
| CN109331975A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-02-15 | 中南大学 | A method of extracting metallic aluminium in aluminium ash |
| CN109499729A (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2019-03-22 | 亚太环保股份有限公司 | A kind of breaking method of waste cathode of aluminum electrolytic cell |
| CN109628695A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-04-16 | 新疆中合大正冶金科技有限公司 | A kind of technique using the production LF submerged arc refining agent of electrolytic aluminium slag from delining |
| CN109746115A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-05-14 | 中国矿业大学 | It is a kind of coke rich coal middle coal intergrowth multistage dissociation-column joint select technique again |
| CN111530625A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-08-14 | 贺州市骏鑫矿产品有限责任公司 | Preparation method of 80-mesh and 200-mesh potassium feldspar dry powder |
-
2020
- 2020-09-28 CN CN202011042152.XA patent/CN112452499A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101829670A (en) * | 2010-04-02 | 2010-09-15 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Method for recovering carbon from electrolytic aluminum waste cathode carbon block |
| CN106565120A (en) * | 2016-11-07 | 2017-04-19 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Hazard-free treatment and utilization method for aluminium electrolysis waste slot liner |
| CN109331975A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-02-15 | 中南大学 | A method of extracting metallic aluminium in aluminium ash |
| CN109499729A (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2019-03-22 | 亚太环保股份有限公司 | A kind of breaking method of waste cathode of aluminum electrolytic cell |
| CN109628695A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-04-16 | 新疆中合大正冶金科技有限公司 | A kind of technique using the production LF submerged arc refining agent of electrolytic aluminium slag from delining |
| CN109746115A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-05-14 | 中国矿业大学 | It is a kind of coke rich coal middle coal intergrowth multistage dissociation-column joint select technique again |
| CN111530625A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-08-14 | 贺州市骏鑫矿产品有限责任公司 | Preparation method of 80-mesh and 200-mesh potassium feldspar dry powder |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN107245549B (en) | A kind of the efficient of electrolytic aluminium factory aluminium ash utilizes technique | |
| CN110106312B (en) | Process for producing LF (ladle furnace) slagging agent by using electrolytic aluminum carbon slag | |
| CN110878385B (en) | Method for producing molten steel precipitation deoxidizer by using electrolytic aluminum carbon slag | |
| CN110144457B (en) | Method for preparing aluminum-silicon-iron alloy by carbon thermal reduction of aluminum ash pretreatment | |
| CN110129565B (en) | Method for preparing ferrosilicon alloy by feeding aluminum ash as raw material through hollow electrode | |
| CN110129506B (en) | Method for preparing ferro-silicon-aluminum alloy by carbon thermal reduction of waste refractory material pretreatment | |
| CN107201424A (en) | The technique that a kind of utilization electrolytic aluminium factory aluminium cell slag from delining produces deoxidizer in steel production | |
| CN111235354B (en) | Production process of LF multifunctional deoxidation submerged arc slag | |
| RU2404114C2 (en) | Method of producing hydrogen and/or other gases from steel work wastes and waste heat | |
| CN108103319B (en) | High-temperature strengthening refining method for copper-containing multi-metal material | |
| CN110016565B (en) | Method for preparing ferro-silicon-aluminum alloy by feeding hollow electrode with waste refractory material as raw material | |
| CN111304450A (en) | Method and device for producing black copper from copper-containing sludge | |
| CN112981028B (en) | Method for extracting iron element from red mud | |
| CN110004300B (en) | Method for preparing ferrosilicon alloy by using aluminum ash as raw material through plasma jet feeding | |
| WO2023193714A1 (en) | Method and system for coupling copper slag recycling with co2 mineralization based on industrial solid waste | |
| CN101831525B (en) | Dephosphorization method for molten iron | |
| CN114888036B (en) | Method for cooperatively recycling aluminum electrolysis overhaul slag and mining and metallurgy slag | |
| CN112452499A (en) | Method for harmless treatment and multistage utilization of aluminum industry waste cathode carbon blocks | |
| CN112048590B (en) | Resource utilization process for KR molten iron desulfurization cooperated with electrolytic aluminum hazardous waste carbon slag | |
| CN214270947U (en) | System for harmless, resourceful processing of aluminium industry waste cathode carbon piece | |
| CN212316200U (en) | Device for producing black copper from copper-containing sludge | |
| CN110029227B (en) | Method for preparing ferro-silicon-aluminum by using waste refractory material as raw material through plasma jet feeding | |
| CN113020218A (en) | Method for treating waste cell lining of aluminum cell | |
| CN112538557A (en) | System and method for harmless and resource treatment of aluminum industry waste cathode carbon blocks | |
| CN114934153B (en) | Method for producing HRB400 efficient desulfurizing agent and extracting lithium by using carbon slag and aluminum ash |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20210309 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |