CN112448772A - Method and device for automatically adjusting compensation parameters - Google Patents
Method and device for automatically adjusting compensation parameters Download PDFInfo
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- CN112448772A CN112448772A CN201910808631.9A CN201910808631A CN112448772A CN 112448772 A CN112448772 A CN 112448772A CN 201910808631 A CN201910808631 A CN 201910808631A CN 112448772 A CN112448772 A CN 112448772A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/60—Receivers
- H04B10/66—Non-coherent receivers, e.g. using direct detection
- H04B10/69—Electrical arrangements in the receiver
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for automatically adjusting compensation parameters, and relates to the technical field of computers. One embodiment of the method comprises: reading a compensation function identification bit of the optical module receiving equipment, and acquiring a compensation parameter type and a compensation parameter adjusting mode of the optical module receiving equipment according to the compensation function identification bit; setting a compensation parameter adjusting sequence according to the compensation parameter type and the compensation parameter adjusting mode; and detecting whether the link is normal or not, and if not, successively adjusting the compensation parameters of the optical module receiving equipment according to the compensation parameter adjustment sequence until the detection result shows that the link is normal or the compensation parameter adjustment is finished. According to the implementation mode, the detection result is used as a feedback basis, the compensation parameter of the optical module receiving equipment is adjusted, automatic adjustment of the compensation parameter of the optical module receiving equipment is achieved under the condition that a hardware structure is not changed, application scenes of different network equipment ports are adapted, hardware cost is further reduced, and user experience is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of computers, in particular to a method and a device for automatically adjusting compensation parameters.
Background
In order to accelerate the information transmission speed and improve the user experience, a large amount of network equipment uses optical interconnection, and a pluggable optical module is used as a physical layer receiving and transmitting unit. The optical module receiving equipment converts the high-speed optical signal into an electric signal and then outputs the electric signal to the network equipment host. When signals are transmitted between the optical module receiving device and the host, the integrity of the signals is damaged due to the influence of skin effect, dielectric loss and connector loss, so that error codes occur at the host.
Therefore, in order to compensate for signal loss and noise caused during transmission, the optical module receiving device performs pre-compensation processing on the electrical signal before transmitting the electrical signal to the host. In the prior art, when a pluggable optical module receiving device preprocesses a signal, a compensation parameter is configured to be a preset fixed value, and the fixed value is selected by an optical module manufacturer according to a physical layer protocol standard and a typical application scenario.
In the process of implementing the invention, the inventor finds that at least the following problems exist in the prior art: firstly, under the influence of the layout and routing of a printed circuit board of a host computer, the loss and noise caused by different transmission line designs are different, and the fixed preset signal compensation parameters cannot meet the requirements of different equipment and different ports; and secondly, in the operation process, the attenuation loss condition on the transmission line can also change under the influence of environmental change or material aging, and error codes can occur in a host computer when the attenuation loss condition is serious.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide a method and an apparatus for automatically adjusting compensation parameters, which can adjust the compensation parameters of an optical module receiving device by using a detection result as a feedback basis, so as to implement automatic adjustment of the compensation parameters of the optical module receiving device without changing a hardware structure, so as to adapt to application scenarios of different network device ports, further reduce hardware cost, and improve user experience.
To achieve the above object, according to a first aspect of embodiments of the present invention, a method for automatically adjusting a compensation parameter is provided.
The method for automatically adjusting the compensation parameters comprises the following steps: reading a compensation function identification bit of an optical module receiving device, and acquiring a compensation parameter type and a compensation parameter adjusting mode of the optical module receiving device according to the compensation function identification bit; setting a compensation parameter adjusting sequence according to the compensation parameter type and the compensation parameter adjusting mode; and detecting whether the link is normal, if not, successively adjusting the compensation parameters of the optical module receiving equipment according to the compensation parameter adjusting sequence until the detection result shows that the link is normal or the compensation parameter adjustment is finished.
Optionally, the successively performing compensation parameter adjustment on the optical module receiving device according to the compensation parameter adjustment sequence until the detection result indicates that the link is normal or the compensation parameter adjustment is completed includes: after compensation parameter adjustment is carried out each time, receiving an electric signal to be detected sent by the optical module receiving equipment, and detecting the electric signal to be detected; the electrical signal to be detected is an electrical signal processed by at least one electronic element in the optical module receiving equipment; if the detection result is that the quality of the electric signal to be detected is abnormal, continuing to adjust the compensation parameters of the optical module receiving equipment according to the compensation parameter adjusting sequence; and if the detection result is that the quality of the electric signal to be detected is qualified or the compensation parameter adjustment is finished, ending the process.
Optionally, the detecting the electrical signal to be detected includes: detecting whether the quality of the electric signal to be detected is normal by using a medium access control device, and if so, determining that the detection result is that the link is normal; wherein the quality of the electrical signal to be detected comprises at least one of the following options: the basic state of the electric signal to be detected, the swing amplitude state of the electric signal to be detected and the check error rate of the electric signal to be detected.
Optionally, the setting a compensation parameter adjustment sequence according to the compensation parameter type and the compensation parameter adjustment mode includes: determining at least one group of selectable compensation parameters of the optical module receiving equipment and current compensation parameters of the optical module receiving equipment according to the compensation parameter category and the compensation parameter adjusting mode; and setting the adjusting sequence of the at least one group of selectable compensation parameters according to the current compensation parameters and a preset adjusting principle of the optical module receiving equipment.
Optionally, before determining at least one set of optional compensation parameters of the optical module receiving device, the method further comprises: judging whether the optical module receiving equipment supports compensation parameter adjustment or not; if so, determining at least one group of optional compensation parameters of the optical module receiving equipment, and if not, reporting alarm information that the optical module receiving equipment does not support compensation parameter adjustment.
Optionally, after the compensation parameter adjustment has been completed, the method further comprises: and reporting alarm information of failed matching with the optical module receiving equipment.
Optionally, the detecting whether the link is normal includes: detecting whether module alarm information exists in the optical module receiving equipment by using a medium access control device; if yes, reporting module alarm information existing in the optical module receiving equipment; if not, detecting whether the link is normal by using the medium access control device.
To achieve the above object, according to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for automatically adjusting a compensation parameter.
The device for automatically adjusting the compensation parameters of the embodiment of the invention comprises: the acquisition module is used for reading a compensation function identification bit of the optical module receiving equipment and acquiring the compensation parameter type and the compensation parameter adjusting mode of the optical module receiving equipment according to the compensation function identification bit; the setting module is used for setting a compensation parameter adjusting sequence according to the compensation parameter type and the compensation parameter adjusting mode; and the adjusting module is used for detecting whether the link is normal or not, and if not, performing compensation parameter adjustment on the optical module receiving equipment successively according to the compensation parameter adjustment sequence until the detection result is that the link is normal or the compensation parameter adjustment is completed.
Optionally, the adjusting module is further configured to: after compensation parameter adjustment is carried out each time, receiving an electric signal to be detected sent by the optical module receiving equipment, and detecting the electric signal to be detected; the electrical signal to be detected is an electrical signal processed by at least one electronic element in the optical module receiving equipment; if the detection result is that the quality of the electric signal to be detected is abnormal, continuing to adjust the compensation parameters of the optical module receiving equipment according to the compensation parameter adjusting sequence; and if the detection result is that the quality of the electric signal to be detected is qualified or the compensation parameter adjustment is finished, ending the process.
Optionally, the adjusting module is further configured to: detecting whether the quality of the electric signal to be detected is normal by using a medium access control device, and if so, determining that the detection result is that the link is normal; wherein the quality of the electrical signal to be detected comprises at least one of the following options: the basic state of the electric signal to be detected, the swing amplitude state of the electric signal to be detected and the check error rate of the electric signal to be detected.
Optionally, the setting module is further configured to: determining at least one group of selectable compensation parameters of the optical module receiving equipment and current compensation parameters of the optical module receiving equipment according to the compensation parameter category and the compensation parameter adjusting mode; and setting the adjusting sequence of the at least one group of selectable compensation parameters according to the current compensation parameters and a preset adjusting principle of the optical module receiving equipment.
Optionally, the setting module is further configured to: judging whether the optical module receiving equipment supports compensation parameter adjustment or not; if so, determining at least one group of optional compensation parameters of the optical module receiving equipment, and if not, reporting alarm information that the optical module receiving equipment does not support compensation parameter adjustment.
Optionally, the adjusting module is further configured to: and reporting alarm information of failed matching with the optical module receiving equipment.
Optionally, the adjusting module is further configured to: detecting whether module alarm information exists in the optical module receiving equipment by using a medium access control device; if yes, reporting module alarm information existing in the optical module receiving equipment; if not, detecting whether the link is normal by using the medium access control device.
To achieve the above object, according to a third aspect of embodiments of the present invention, there is provided an electronic apparatus.
An electronic device of an embodiment of the present invention includes: one or more processors; a storage device for storing one or more programs which, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to implement the method for automatically adjusting compensation parameters of an embodiment of the present invention.
To achieve the above object, according to a fourth aspect of embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a computer-readable medium.
A computer readable medium of an embodiment of the present invention stores thereon a computer program, and the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the method for automatically adjusting compensation parameters of an embodiment of the present invention.
One embodiment of the above invention has the following advantages or benefits: the compensation parameters of the optical module receiving equipment can be adjusted by taking the detection result as a feedback basis, so that the technical problem that the fixed preset signal compensation parameters in the prior art cannot meet the requirements of different equipment and different ports is solved, and further, the automatic adjustment of the compensation parameters of the optical module receiving equipment can be realized under the condition of not changing a hardware structure, so that the application scenes of different network equipment ports are adapted, the hardware cost is further reduced, and the user experience is improved. In addition, in the system operation process, if transmission line transmission quality changes caused by material aging or external environment changes exist, a compensation parameter adjusting instruction can be triggered to be generated, so that compensation parameters of the optical module receiving equipment can be intelligently adjusted, and the problem of link abnormity caused by changes of attenuation loss conditions in the operation process is solved.
Further effects of the above-mentioned non-conventional alternatives will be described below in connection with the embodiments.
Drawings
The drawings are included to provide a better understanding of the invention and are not to be construed as unduly limiting the invention. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the main steps of a method of automatically adjusting compensation parameters according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a connection between a network device host and a light module receiving device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a specific implementation flow of an adjustment compensation function flag, which is exemplified by a QSFP28 optical module receiving device;
FIG. 4 is a signal flow diagram between a network device host and a light module receiving device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a main flow of a method of automatically adjusting compensation parameters according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the main modules of an apparatus for automatically adjusting compensation parameters according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an exemplary system architecture diagram in which embodiments of the present invention may be employed;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a computer system suitable for implementing a terminal device or a server according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which various details of embodiments of the invention are included to assist understanding, and which are to be considered as merely exemplary. Accordingly, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications of the embodiments described herein can be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. Also, descriptions of well-known functions and constructions are omitted in the following description for clarity and conciseness.
The network equipment adopts the pluggable optical module as the physical layer receiving and sending unit, so that the data transmission speed can be increased, and better experience is provided for users. The optical module is provided with a receiving end and a sending end, wherein the optical module receiving equipment (namely, the optical module receiving end) converts a high-speed optical signal into an electric signal and then outputs the electric signal to the network equipment host, and as the signal is transmitted between an electric interface of the optical module receiving equipment and a physical layer chip of the host, the integrity of the signal is damaged under the influence of the skin effect of a printed circuit board transmission line of the host, the dielectric loss, the connector loss and the like, so that an error code occurs at the receiving end of the host. In order to compensate loss and noise caused by the transmission line, after the optical module receiving equipment converts the optical signal into an electrical signal, the electrical signal is subjected to pre-compensation processing, and then the electrical signal subjected to the pre-compensation processing is sent to the host.
In the prior art, the parameters of the pre-compensation processing are fixed values configured by manufacturers, but the loss and noise caused by different transmission line designs are different, and the optical module receiving device and the network host device may come from different manufacturers, and the optical module receiving device is hot-plugged, and may be used in various different network host devices in a network environment, so that the fixed and preset signal compensation parameters cannot meet the requirements of different devices and different ports, and in the operation process, the attenuation loss condition on the transmission line may also change due to environmental changes or material aging, and in severe cases, the host may generate error codes. Therefore, the method for automatically adjusting the compensation parameters can realize the automatic adaptation of the compensation parameters of the optical module receiving equipment and the host port in the system initialization process, thereby reducing the failure rate at the initial stage of system deployment, and if the error code condition caused by the sudden degradation of an electric signal transmission link occurs in the long-time running process of the system, the method for adjusting the compensation parameters can automatically adjust the compensation parameters of the optical module receiving equipment, thereby recovering the signal transmission quality.
The following is a detailed explanation of technical terms involved in the examples of the present invention:
optical interconnection, namely, optical fiber is used as a transmission medium, and a photoelectric signal is converted into a core technology, so that high-speed data transmission between network devices is realized.
The optical module is composed of an optoelectronic device, a functional circuit, an optical interface and the like, wherein the optoelectronic device comprises a transmitting part and a receiving part, the optical module is used for photoelectric conversion, a transmitting end converts an electric signal into an optical signal, and a receiving end converts the optical signal into the electric signal after the optical signal is transmitted through an optical fiber.
The optical module receiving device, i.e., the optical module receiving end, converts an optical signal into an electrical signal and outputs the electrical signal to the network device.
The Physical Layer chip, namely Port Physical Layer, PHY for short, can realize serial/parallel conversion of data and perform Physical Layer coding on the data.
The skin effect, also known as skin effect, is a phenomenon in which when an alternating current passes through a conductor, the current is concentrated on the surface of the conductor and flows through the conductor, and this phenomenon is caused by the fact that when the current or voltage is conducted in the conductor by electrons having a relatively high frequency, the current or voltage is concentrated on the surface of the overall conductor rather than being evenly distributed in the cross-sectional area of the entire conductor.
The Media Access Control device, referred to as MAC for short, is responsible for framing and controlling data of the physical layer, and can perform cyclic redundancy check on the data frame.
The transimpedance Amplifier, namely a Trans-Impedance Amplifier, abbreviated as TIA, can convert a photo-generated current signal output by the photodiode into a voltage signal.
And the clock recovery device is used for extracting signal clock information and sampling the data by using the recovered clock.
The microprocessor, i.e. Micro-Controller Unit, is called MCU for short, and the microprocessor in the optical module receiving device is used to control the working parameters of each component in the optical module receiving device.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the main steps of a method of automatically adjusting compensation parameters according to an embodiment of the present invention. As a reference embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the method for automatically adjusting the compensation parameter according to an embodiment of the present invention may include the following main steps:
step S101: reading a compensation function identification bit of the optical module receiving equipment, and acquiring a compensation parameter type and a compensation parameter adjusting mode of the optical module receiving equipment according to the compensation function identification bit;
step S102: setting a compensation parameter adjusting sequence according to the compensation parameter type and the compensation parameter adjusting mode;
step S103: and detecting whether the link is normal or not, and if not, successively adjusting the compensation parameters of the optical module receiving equipment according to the compensation parameter adjustment sequence until the detection result shows that the link is normal or the compensation parameter adjustment is finished.
In the method for automatically adjusting the compensation parameters, information interaction is performed between the network equipment host and the optical module receiving equipment, so that the compensation parameters of the optical module receiving equipment are adjusted by taking the detection result of the host as a feedback basis. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a connection between a network device host and an optical module receiving device according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, the optical module receiving apparatus may include: an MCU and electronic components; the electronic element of the optical module receiving equipment and the network equipment host can carry out signal transmission through a transmission line; the network equipment host can access the MCU of the optical module receiving equipment through the management bus; the MCU of the optical module receiving device may control parameter information of electronic components of the optical module receiving device. The identification and control of the optical module receiving device are realized through the MCU, that is, the network device host can access the MCU of the optical module receiving device through the management bus and read the compensation function identification bit of the MCU. The compensation function flag represents compensation parameter information of the optical module receiving device, so that the network device host can determine the compensation parameter type and the compensation parameter adjustment mode of the optical module receiving device according to the read network function flag. In addition, the network equipment host can also adjust the compensation function identification position of the MCU, further change the parameters on the electronic element and realize the change of the electric signal to be measured.
The compensation parameter category refers to compensation parameters that can be adjusted by the optical module receiving device, and may include, but is not limited to: a pre-emphasis/de-emphasis parameter, an output amplitude parameter, and a clock recovery locking bandwidth parameter; the compensation parameter adjusting mode refers to an adjusting register bit and an adjusting range of the optical module receiving equipment, and in the adjusting range, the network equipment host can adjust the register bit through the management bus. For example, the output swing and pre-emphasis/de-emphasis setting of the optical module receiving device may be adjusted within a certain range, the 1 st bit of the compensation function identification bit indicates whether or not to support emphasis compensation, the 2 nd to 4 th bits indicate an adjustable range of emphasis compensation, the 5 th bit indicates whether or not to support amplitude compensation, the 6 th to 8 th bits indicate an adjustable range of amplitude compensation, when the compensation function identification bit read by the network device host is 00001011, it may be obtained that the optical module receiving device does not support emphasis compensation, supports 4-order amplitude compensation, and may determine that the amplitude output amplitude is adjustable in 4-order between 100mV and 1200mV according to the amplitude parameter set by the manufacturer.
In step S101, the network device host may obtain the compensation parameter type and the compensation parameter adjustment mode of the optical module receiving device, so that a compensation parameter adjustment sequence, that is, a principle that the network device host controls the optical module receiving device to adjust the compensation function flag, may be set. Therefore, when the network equipment host detects that the link is abnormal, compensation parameter adjustment can be performed on the optical module receiving equipment successively according to the set adjustment sequence until the detection result indicates that the link is normal or the compensation parameter adjustment is completed.
In the method for automatically adjusting the compensation parameters, the detection result of the network equipment host on the link is used as feedback, and the compensation parameters of the optical module receiving equipment are adjusted. Therefore, as another reference embodiment of the present invention, sequentially performing compensation parameter adjustment on the optical module receiving device according to the compensation parameter adjustment sequence until the detection result is that the link is normal or the compensation parameter adjustment is completed, may include:
step S1031: after each compensation parameter adjustment, the receiving optical module receives the electric signal to be detected sent by the equipment and detects the electric signal to be detected;
step S1032: if the detection result is that the quality of the electric signal to be detected is abnormal, continuing to adjust the compensation parameters of the optical module receiving equipment according to the adjustment sequence of the compensation parameters;
step S1033: and if the detection result is that the quality of the electric signal to be detected is qualified or the compensation parameter adjustment is finished, ending the process.
The electrical signal to be detected is an electrical signal processed by at least one electronic element in the optical module receiving device. As can be seen from fig. 2, the network device host accesses the MCU of the optical module receiving device to adjust the compensation function flag of the MCU, and then can control the parameters of the electronic components of the optical module receiving device to adjust the compensation parameters. The network device host then receives the electrical signal processed by the electronic component, i.e., the electrical signal to be detected. When the host computer of the network equipment detects the abnormal electrical signal, the compensation function identification bit of the MCU can be adjusted again. And when the quality of the electric signal is detected to be qualified, stopping adjusting the compensation function identification position of the MCU, and indicating that the optical module receiving equipment is matched with the network equipment host.
Furthermore, when the adjustment of the compensation parameter has been completed, the adjustment of the compensation parameter is also stopped. The reason is that the compensation parameter adjustment is completed in the embodiment of the present invention means that the compensation parameters supported by the optical module receiving device are adjusted in a cycle according to the adjustment sequence, and the detection results are all link anomalies, which indicates that the matching between the network device host and the optical module receiving device fails, and the network device host needs to report alarm information. Therefore, as another reference embodiment of the present invention, after the adjustment of the compensation parameter is completed, the method for automatically adjusting the compensation parameter may further include: and reporting alarm information of failed matching with the optical module receiving equipment. In short, if the compensation parameters provided by the optical module receiving device are traversed and the link quality is still not improved, the automatic compensation parameter adjustment is exited and the log is reported, and meanwhile, the completion of the automatic compensation parameter adjustment is prompted, but the matching between the optical module receiving device and the network device host cannot be realized. In this case, the user can check whether the host of the network device or the optical module receiving device meets the design standard requirement according to the reported log. After receiving the alarm information of the matching failure, the user can change the optical module receiving equipment or process other processing in time, so that the user experience can be improved.
In the method for automatically adjusting compensation parameters according to the embodiment of the present invention, the network device host may set a compensation parameter adjustment sequence according to parameter information (i.e., a compensation parameter type and a compensation parameter adjustment manner) of the optical module receiving device, so that the compensation parameters of the optical module receiving device may be sequentially adjusted according to a certain sequence, and the specific implementation may include:
step S1021: determining at least one group of selectable compensation parameters of the optical module receiving equipment and current compensation parameters of the optical module receiving equipment according to the compensation parameter category and the compensation parameter adjusting mode;
step S1022: and setting an adjusting sequence of at least one group of selectable compensation parameters according to the current compensation parameters and a preset adjusting principle of the optical module receiving equipment.
Specifically, the network device host can determine an optional compensation parameter that can be supported by the optical module receiving device according to the compensation parameter type and the compensation parameter adjustment mode. Taking QSFP28 optical module receiving device as an example, the interface complies with SFF8636 protocol (i.e., a network physical layer protocol), and since SFF8636 protocol only defines two types of parameter adjustments, namely, output amplitude and emphasis parameter, of the receiving device, and defines that the output amplitude is adjustable in 4 steps between 100mV and 1200mV, and the output emphasis is adjustable in 8 steps between 0dB, 1dB, 2dB, 3dB, 4dB, 5dB, 6dB, and 7dB, the obtained QSFP28 optical module receiving device can support 32 groups of selectable compensation parameters. And the network device host can obtain the current compensation parameter of the optical module receiving device, so that the adjustment sequence of the 32 groups of optional compensation parameters can be preset in combination with the current compensation parameter, and then the compensation function identification bit of the optical module receiving device can be adjusted according to the preset adjustment sequence, so as to achieve the purpose of adjusting the compensation parameter of the optical module receiving device.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a specific implementation flow of adjusting the compensation function flag bit by taking QSFP28 optical module receiving device as an example, where an interface complies with SFF8636 protocol, and a network device host reads and writes the compensation function flag bit of the MCU of the QSFP28 optical module receiving device through a management bus. The QSFP28 optical module receiving device can have a plurality of independent channels, and the configuration parameters of each channel are independent. The multiple channels mean that multiple independent data transmission channels exist in the QSFP28 optical module receiving device, and each channel can be automatically controlled by using the method for adjusting the compensation function identification bit described in fig. 3. If the optical module receiving device has only one channel, the flow of fig. 3 only needs to be performed for one channel. In actual operation, multiple channels can be operated in a unified manner, or only specific channels can be operated, the specific operation depends on whether the network equipment host can locate the link fault to the specific channel, if the network equipment host can only identify the fault of the whole link, the multiple channels need to be automatically adjusted in sequence, and if the network equipment host can only identify the fault of a single channel, the automatic adjustment can be performed only for the fault channel.
As shown in fig. 3, a specific implementation flow for adjusting the compensation function flag of the QSFP28 optical module receiving device is described as follows:
(1) if the QSFP28 optical module receiver supports both amplitude adjustment and emphasis adjustment, the amplitude control register original value m and the emphasis control register original value n are read. The loop in turn rewrites the amplitude and emphasis control register settings, which can be set to the first loop: keeping the amplitude control register m unchanged, and setting the emphasis control register to be 'if n +1 is less than or equal to 7, writing n + 1' or 'if n +1 is greater than 7, writing n-7'; the second cycle is as follows: keeping the emphasis control register n unchanged, the amplitude control register is set to "write m +1 if m +1 ≦ 3" or "write m-3 if m +1 > 3". After each rewriting, the network device host needs to return to judge the link condition, and if the link is still not recovered after one cycle, the process is ended. Of course, other loop setting modes may be adopted in the embodiment of the present invention, for example, the first loop setting is to keep the emphasis control register n unchanged, and the amplitude control register m is rewritten, and the second loop setting is to keep the amplitude control register m unchanged, and the emphasis control register n is rewritten.
(2) If the QSFP28 optical module receiver only supports emphasis adjustment, the emphasis control register original value n is read. The emphasis control register settings can be set "if n +1 ≦ 7, then write n + 1" or "if n +1 > 7, then write n-7". Similarly, after each rewriting, it is necessary to return to the network device host to determine the link condition, and if the link is still not recovered after one cycle, the process is ended.
(3) And if the QSFP28 optical module receiving equipment only supports amplitude adjustment, reading the original value m of the amplitude control register. The amplitude control register settings are rewritten cyclically in sequence, and the amplitude control register settings can be set to "write m +1 if m +1 is ≦ 3" or "write m-3 if m +1 > 3". Similarly, after each rewriting, it is necessary to return to the network device host to determine the link condition, and if the link is still not recovered after one cycle, the process is ended.
(4) And if the QSFP28 optical module receiving equipment does not support amplitude regulation and also does not support weighting regulation, directly ending the process.
For the case (4) shown in fig. 3, in the method for automatically adjusting compensation parameters provided in the embodiment of the present invention, before determining at least one set of selectable compensation parameters of an optical transceiver, the method for automatically adjusting compensation parameters may further include: judging whether the optical module receiving equipment supports compensation parameter adjustment or not; if yes, at least one group of optional compensation parameters of the optical module receiving equipment is determined, and if not, alarm information that the optical module receiving equipment does not support compensation parameter adjustment is reported. It can be seen from the foregoing steps S1031 to S1033 that, in the method for automatically adjusting compensation parameters according to the embodiment of the present invention, the quality detection result of the network device host on the electrical signal to be detected is used as a feedback basis. For easy understanding, the working process between the network device host and the optical module receiving device is described with reference to fig. 4, where fig. 4 is a schematic signal flow diagram between the network device host and the optical module receiving device according to an embodiment of the present invention. In fig. 4, the network device host may include: MAC, PHY and processor; the electronic components of the light module receiving device may include: photodiode, TIA, back-end amplifier and clock recovery device. As can be seen from fig. 4, the optical signal enters the optical module receiving device and is converted into a current signal by the photodiode; then, the TIA and the back-end amplifier convert the photo-generated current signal (i.e., the current signal converted by the photodiode) into a digital data signal and amplify it; then, the clock recovery device retimes and reshapes the digital data signal and performs pre-emphasis/de-emphasis processing on the digital data signal before transmission; then, the processed signal is transmitted to a PHY chip through a connector and a transmission line on a host circuit board of the network equipment, and the PHY chip receives decoding and equalization processing; and finally, transmitting the processed signal to an MAC chip, and decapsulating the signal and detecting a connection state and frame error check by the MAC chip.
In the embodiment of the invention, the network equipment host carries out compensation parameter adjustment on the optical module receiving equipment one by one. And successively, after once compensation parameter adjustment is carried out, the network equipment host detects the adjustment result, if the detection is passed, the compensation parameter adjustment is stopped, and if the detection is not passed, the next compensation parameter adjustment is carried out. Specifically, after one adjustment, the MAC of the network device host acquires the electrical signal to be detected, detects the electrical signal to be detected, performs the next compensation parameter adjustment if the detection result is that the link is abnormal, and stops the compensation parameter adjustment if the detection result is that the link is normal or the compensation parameter adjustment is completed. The MAC can detect whether the signal to be detected exists or not, and if not, the connection state is indicated to have a problem; the MAC may also perform frame error checking, where the most common checking method is cyclic redundancy checking, and when an error occurs during transmission, a frame check code error may be caused, and the MAC may report the check error.
As can be seen from the schematic signal flow diagram shown in fig. 4 between the network device host and the optical module receiving device, the MAC may decapsulate the signal and detect a connection state and a frame error check, and therefore, detecting the electrical signal to be detected may include: detecting whether the quality of the electric signal to be detected is normal by using a medium access control device, and if so, determining that the detection result is that the link is normal; wherein the quality of the electrical signal to be detected may comprise at least one of the following options: the basic state of the electric signal to be detected, the swing amplitude state of the electric signal to be detected and the check error rate of the electric signal to be detected. The basic states of the electric signal to be detected comprise two states of the existence of the electric signal and the absence of the electric signal; the swing state of the electric signal to be detected refers to the swing degree of the electric signal.
The electric signal to be detected is to pre-compensate the current signal converted by the photodiode according to the adjustment result after the compensation parameter is adjusted for one time, and then transmit the pre-compensated electric signal to the network equipment host to obtain the electric signal to be detected. Then, the MAC of the network device host detects the quality of the electrical signal to be detected, that is, detects whether the signal can be received, and whether the amplitude of oscillation of the signal and the frame error check meet preset conditions, if the signal can be received and the check passes, the link is normal, and the automatic adjustment process is directly ended. Otherwise, considering the link as abnormal, and adjusting the compensation parameters next time according to the set adjustment sequence until the detection result shows that the link is normal or all compensation parameter adjustments are completed.
In addition, if there is basic alarm information in the optical module receiving device, for example, there is alarm information in transceiving optical power, temperature, voltage, bias current, etc., it may also cause a link to be abnormal, so in the method for automatically adjusting a compensation parameter provided in the embodiment of the present invention, detecting whether the link is normal may include: detecting whether module alarm information exists in the optical module receiving equipment by using a medium access control device; if yes, reporting module alarm information, and if not, detecting whether the link is normal by using a medium access control device; and generating a compensation parameter adjusting instruction under the condition that the detection result is that the link is abnormal. That is, the basic alarm information of the optical module receiving device is detected in advance, if there is an alarm, the basic alarm is reported and the automatic adjustment process is exited, if there is no alarm, the next step is entered, which is to eliminate the link abnormality caused by the basic performance abnormality of the optical module receiving device. It should be noted that although the PHY and MAC abnormalities are also possible factors of link abnormalities, the abnormal state on the MAC/PHY is also caused by parameter mismatch of the optical module receiving device, and is caused by an abnormal signal transmitted to the MAC/PHY by the optical module receiving device, so that the adaptation parameter of the optical module is preferentially adjusted.
The method for automatically adjusting the compensation parameters comprises two parts, namely, detection of a signal to be detected by the MAC of a network equipment host and adjustment of the compensation parameters of the optical module receiving equipment, and the compensation parameters of the optical module receiving equipment are adjusted by taking the detection result of the host MAC on the signal quality as a feedback basis. Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a main flow of a method of automatically adjusting a compensation parameter according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 5, the main process of the method for automatically adjusting the compensation parameter according to the embodiment of the present invention may include:
step S501: detecting whether module alarm information exists in the optical module receiving equipment by using a medium access control device, if so, executing a step S502, otherwise, executing a step S503;
step S502: reporting module alarm information;
step S503: detecting whether the link is normal by using a medium access control device, if not, executing step S504, and if so, executing step S509;
step S504: judging whether the optical module receiving equipment supports compensation parameter adjustment or not based on the compensation parameter type and the compensation parameter adjustment mode of the optical module receiving equipment, if so, executing a step S505, otherwise, executing a step S512;
step S505: determining at least one group of selectable compensation parameters of the optical module receiving equipment, and setting the adjustment sequence of the at least one group of selectable compensation parameters;
step S506: according to the set adjusting sequence, compensation parameter adjustment is carried out on the optical module receiving equipment through the management bus;
step S507: after the compensation parameters are adjusted, receiving an electric signal to be detected, wherein the electric signal to be detected is a signal which is sent by the optical module receiving equipment and is subjected to pre-compensation processing according to an adjustment result;
step S508: detecting whether the quality of the electric signal to be detected is normal by using a medium access control device, if so, executing a step S509, and if not, executing a step S510;
step S509: confirming that the detection result is that the link is normal;
step S510: judging whether the adjustment of all the optional compensation parameters is finished according to the adjustment sequence, if so, executing a step S511, otherwise, executing a step S506;
step S511: reporting alarm information of failed matching with optical module receiving equipment;
step S512: and confirming that the optical module receiving equipment does not support compensation parameter adjustment, and ending directly.
It should be noted that, before step S504, the compensation function flag of the optical transceiver is read first, and then the compensation parameter type and the compensation parameter adjustment mode of the optical transceiver are obtained according to the compensation function flag, so that the optional compensation parameter of the optical transceiver can be determined, and it can also be determined whether the optical transceiver supports compensation parameter adjustment.
According to the technical scheme for adjusting the compensation parameters, the compensation parameters of the optical module receiving equipment can be adjusted by taking the detection result as the feedback basis, so that the technical problem that the fixed preset signal compensation parameters in the prior art cannot meet the requirements of different equipment and different ports is solved, and further, the automatic adjustment of the compensation parameters of the optical module receiving equipment can be realized under the condition of not changing the hardware structure, so that the application scenes of different network equipment ports are adapted, the hardware cost is further reduced, and the user experience is improved. In addition, in the system operation process, if transmission line transmission quality changes caused by material aging or external environment changes exist, a compensation parameter adjusting instruction can be triggered to be generated, so that compensation parameters of the optical module receiving equipment can be intelligently adjusted, and the problem of link abnormity caused by changes of attenuation loss conditions in the operation process is solved.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of main blocks of an apparatus for automatically adjusting a compensation parameter according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 6, the apparatus 600 for automatically adjusting compensation parameters according to the embodiment of the present invention mainly includes the following modules: an acquisition module 601, a setting module 602, and an adjustment module 603.
The obtaining module 601 may be configured to read a compensation function flag of an optical module receiving device, and obtain a compensation parameter type and a compensation parameter adjustment mode of the optical module receiving device according to the compensation function flag; the setting module 602 may be configured to set a compensation parameter adjustment sequence according to the compensation parameter type and the compensation parameter adjustment manner; the adjusting module 603 may be configured to detect whether the link is normal, and if not, perform compensation parameter adjustment on the optical module receiving device successively according to the compensation parameter adjustment sequence until the detection result indicates that the link is normal or the compensation parameter adjustment is completed.
In this embodiment of the present invention, the adjusting module 603 may further be configured to: after compensation parameter adjustment is carried out each time, receiving an electric signal to be detected sent by the optical module receiving equipment, and detecting the electric signal to be detected; the electrical signal to be detected is an electrical signal processed by at least one electronic element in the optical module receiving equipment; if the detection result is that the quality of the electric signal to be detected is abnormal, continuing to adjust the compensation parameters of the optical module receiving equipment according to the compensation parameter adjusting sequence; and if the detection result is that the quality of the electric signal to be detected is qualified or the compensation parameter adjustment is finished, ending the process.
In this embodiment of the present invention, the adjusting module 603 may further be configured to: detecting whether the quality of the electric signal to be detected is normal by using a medium access control device, and if so, determining that the detection result is that the link is normal; wherein the quality of the electrical signal to be detected comprises at least one of the following options: the basic state of the electric signal to be detected, the swing amplitude state of the electric signal to be detected and the check error rate of the electric signal to be detected.
In this embodiment of the present invention, the setting module 602 may further be configured to: determining at least one group of selectable compensation parameters of the optical module receiving equipment and current compensation parameters of the optical module receiving equipment according to the compensation parameter category and the compensation parameter adjusting mode; and setting the adjusting sequence of the at least one group of selectable compensation parameters according to the current compensation parameters and a preset adjusting principle of the optical module receiving equipment.
In this embodiment of the present invention, the setting module 602 may further be configured to: judging whether the optical module receiving equipment supports compensation parameter adjustment or not; if so, determining at least one group of optional compensation parameters of the optical module receiving equipment, and if not, reporting alarm information that the optical module receiving equipment does not support compensation parameter adjustment.
In this embodiment of the present invention, the adjusting module 603 may further be configured to: and reporting alarm information of failed matching with the optical module receiving equipment.
In this embodiment of the present invention, the adjusting module 603 may further be configured to: detecting whether module alarm information exists in the optical module receiving equipment by using a medium access control device; if yes, reporting module alarm information existing in the optical module receiving equipment; if not, detecting whether the link is normal by using the medium access control device.
As can be seen from the above description, the apparatus for automatically adjusting compensation parameters according to the embodiments of the present invention can adjust the compensation parameters of the optical module receiving device by using the detection result as a feedback basis, so that the technical problem that the fixed preset signal compensation parameters in the prior art cannot meet the requirements of different devices and different ports is solved, and further, the automatic adjustment of the compensation parameters of the optical module receiving device can be realized without changing the hardware structure, so as to adapt to the application scenarios of different network device ports, further reduce the hardware cost, and improve the user experience. In addition, in the system operation process, if transmission line transmission quality changes caused by material aging or external environment changes exist, a compensation parameter adjusting instruction can be triggered to be generated, so that compensation parameters of the optical module receiving equipment can be intelligently adjusted, and the problem of link abnormity caused by changes of attenuation loss conditions in the operation process is solved.
Fig. 7 illustrates an exemplary system architecture 700 to which the method of automatically adjusting compensation parameters or the apparatus for automatically adjusting compensation parameters of embodiments of the present invention may be applied.
As shown in fig. 7, the system architecture 700 may include terminal devices 701, 702, 703, a network 704, and a server 705. The network 704 serves to provide a medium for communication links between the terminal devices 701, 702, 703 and the server 705. Network 704 may include various connection types, such as wired, wireless communication links, or fiber optic cables, to name a few.
A user may use the terminal devices 701, 702, 703 to interact with a server 705 over a network 704, to receive or send messages or the like. The terminal devices 701, 702, 703 may have installed thereon various communication client applications, such as a shopping-like application, a web browser application, a search-like application, an instant messaging tool, a mailbox client, social platform software, etc. (by way of example only).
The terminal devices 701, 702, 703 may be various electronic devices having a display screen and supporting web browsing, including but not limited to smart phones, tablet computers, laptop portable computers, desktop computers, and the like.
The server 705 may be a server providing various services, such as a background management server (for example only) providing support for shopping websites browsed by users using the terminal devices 701, 702, 703. The backend management server may analyze and perform other processing on the received data such as the product information query request, and feed back a processing result (for example, target push information, product information — just an example) to the terminal device.
It should be noted that the method for automatically adjusting the compensation parameters provided by the embodiment of the present invention is generally performed by the server 705, and accordingly, the apparatus for automatically adjusting the compensation parameters is generally disposed in the server 705.
It should be understood that the number of terminal devices, networks, and servers in fig. 7 is merely illustrative. There may be any number of terminal devices, networks, and servers, as desired for implementation.
Referring now to FIG. 8, shown is a block diagram of a computer system 800 suitable for use with a terminal device implementing an embodiment of the present invention. The terminal device shown in fig. 8 is only an example, and should not bring any limitation to the functions and the scope of use of the embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 8, the computer system 800 includes a Central Processing Unit (CPU)801 that can perform various appropriate actions and processes in accordance with a program stored in a Read Only Memory (ROM)802 or a program loaded from a storage section 808 into a Random Access Memory (RAM) 803. In the RAM 803, various programs and data necessary for the operation of the system 800 are also stored. The CPU 801, ROM 802, and RAM 803 are connected to each other via a bus 804. An input/output (I/O) interface 805 is also connected to bus 804.
The following components are connected to the I/O interface 805: an input portion 806 including a keyboard, a mouse, and the like; an output section 807 including a signal such as a Cathode Ray Tube (CRT), a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), and the like, and a speaker; a storage portion 808 including a hard disk and the like; and a communication section 809 including a network interface card such as a LAN card, a modem, or the like. The communication section 809 performs communication processing via a network such as the internet. A drive 810 is also connected to the I/O interface 805 as necessary. A removable medium 811 such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a semiconductor memory, or the like is mounted on the drive 810 as necessary, so that a computer program read out therefrom is mounted on the storage section 808 as necessary.
In particular, according to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts may be implemented as computer software programs. For example, embodiments of the present disclosure include a computer program product comprising a computer program embodied on a computer readable medium, the computer program comprising program code for performing the method illustrated in the flow chart. In such an embodiment, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network through the communication section 809 and/or installed from the removable medium 811. The computer program executes the above-described functions defined in the system of the present invention when executed by the Central Processing Unit (CPU) 801.
It should be noted that the computer readable medium shown in the present invention can be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium or any combination of the two. A computer readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of the computer readable storage medium may include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. In the present invention, a computer readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. In the present invention, however, a computer readable signal medium may include a propagated data signal with computer readable program code embodied therein, for example, in baseband or as part of a carrier wave. Such a propagated data signal may take many forms, including, but not limited to, electro-magnetic, optical, or any suitable combination thereof. A computer readable signal medium may also be any computer readable medium that is not a computer readable storage medium and that can communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. Program code embodied on a computer readable medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to: wireless, wire, fiber optic cable, RF, etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
The flowchart and block diagrams in the figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems which perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.
The modules described in the embodiments of the present invention may be implemented by software or hardware. The described modules may also be provided in a processor, which may be described as: a processor includes an acquisition module, a setting module, and an adjustment module. For example, the obtaining module may also be described as a module that reads the compensation function flag of the optical module receiving device and obtains the compensation parameter type and the compensation parameter adjustment mode of the optical module receiving device according to the compensation function flag.
As another aspect, the present invention also provides a computer-readable medium that may be contained in the apparatus described in the above embodiments; or may be separate and not incorporated into the device. The computer readable medium carries one or more programs which, when executed by a device, cause the device to comprise: reading a compensation function identification bit of the optical module receiving equipment, and acquiring a compensation parameter type and a compensation parameter adjusting mode of the optical module receiving equipment according to the compensation function identification bit; setting a compensation parameter adjusting sequence according to the compensation parameter type and the compensation parameter adjusting mode; and detecting whether the link is normal or not, and if not, successively adjusting the compensation parameters of the optical module receiving equipment according to the compensation parameter adjustment sequence until the detection result shows that the link is normal or the compensation parameter adjustment is finished.
According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the compensation parameter of the optical module receiving equipment can be adjusted by taking the detection result as the feedback basis, so that the technical problem that the fixed preset signal compensation parameter in the prior art cannot meet the requirements of different equipment and different ports is solved, and further, the automatic adjustment of the compensation parameter of the optical module receiving equipment can be realized under the condition of not changing the hardware structure, so that the application scenes of different network equipment ports are adapted, the hardware cost is further reduced, and the user experience is improved. In addition, in the system operation process, if transmission line transmission quality changes caused by material aging or external environment changes exist, a compensation parameter adjusting instruction can be triggered to be generated, so that compensation parameters of the optical module receiving equipment can be intelligently adjusted, and the problem of link abnormity caused by changes of attenuation loss conditions in the operation process is solved.
The above-described embodiments should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can occur, depending on design requirements and other factors. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of automatically adjusting compensation parameters, comprising:
reading a compensation function identification bit of an optical module receiving device, and acquiring a compensation parameter type and a compensation parameter adjusting mode of the optical module receiving device according to the compensation function identification bit;
setting a compensation parameter adjusting sequence according to the compensation parameter type and the compensation parameter adjusting mode;
and detecting whether the link is normal, if not, successively adjusting the compensation parameters of the optical module receiving equipment according to the compensation parameter adjusting sequence until the detection result shows that the link is normal or the compensation parameter adjustment is finished.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the successively performing compensation parameter adjustment on the optical module receiving device according to the compensation parameter adjustment sequence until the detection result is that the link is normal or the compensation parameter adjustment is completed includes:
after compensation parameter adjustment is carried out each time, receiving an electric signal to be detected sent by the optical module receiving equipment, and detecting the electric signal to be detected; the electrical signal to be detected is an electrical signal processed by at least one electronic element in the optical module receiving equipment;
if the detection result is that the quality of the electric signal to be detected is abnormal, continuing to adjust the compensation parameters of the optical module receiving equipment according to the compensation parameter adjusting sequence;
and if the detection result is that the quality of the electric signal to be detected is qualified or the compensation parameter adjustment is finished, ending the process.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein said detecting the electrical signal to be detected comprises:
detecting whether the quality of the electric signal to be detected is normal by using a medium access control device, and if so, determining that the detection result is that the link is normal; wherein the quality of the electrical signal to be detected comprises at least one of the following options: the basic state of the electric signal to be detected, the swing amplitude state of the electric signal to be detected and the check error rate of the electric signal to be detected.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the setting a compensation parameter adjustment sequence according to the compensation parameter type and the compensation parameter adjustment manner comprises:
determining at least one group of selectable compensation parameters of the optical module receiving equipment and current compensation parameters of the optical module receiving equipment according to the compensation parameter category and the compensation parameter adjusting mode;
and setting the adjusting sequence of the at least one group of selectable compensation parameters according to the current compensation parameters and a preset adjusting principle of the optical module receiving equipment.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein prior to determining at least one set of selectable compensation parameters for the optical transceiver, the method further comprises:
judging whether the optical module receiving equipment supports compensation parameter adjustment or not;
if so, determining at least one group of optional compensation parameters of the optical module receiving equipment, and if not, reporting alarm information that the optical module receiving equipment does not support compensation parameter adjustment.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein after the compensation parameter adjustment has been completed, the method further comprises: and reporting alarm information of failed matching with the optical module receiving equipment.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the detecting whether the link is normal comprises:
detecting whether module alarm information exists in the optical module receiving equipment by using a medium access control device;
if yes, reporting module alarm information existing in the optical module receiving equipment;
if not, detecting whether the link is normal by using the medium access control device.
8. An apparatus for automatically adjusting compensation parameters, comprising:
the acquisition module is used for reading a compensation function identification bit of the optical module receiving equipment and acquiring the compensation parameter type and the compensation parameter adjusting mode of the optical module receiving equipment according to the compensation function identification bit;
the setting module is used for setting a compensation parameter adjusting sequence according to the compensation parameter type and the compensation parameter adjusting mode;
and the adjusting module is used for detecting whether the link is normal or not, and if not, performing compensation parameter adjustment on the optical module receiving equipment successively according to the compensation parameter adjustment sequence until the detection result is that the link is normal or the compensation parameter adjustment is completed.
9. An electronic device, comprising:
one or more processors;
a storage device for storing one or more programs,
when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to implement the method of any one of claims 1-7.
10. A computer-readable medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the method according to any one of claims 1-7.
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