CN112447323B - Medium-voltage fireproof power cable and manufacturing process thereof - Google Patents
Medium-voltage fireproof power cable and manufacturing process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112447323B CN112447323B CN201910796800.1A CN201910796800A CN112447323B CN 112447323 B CN112447323 B CN 112447323B CN 201910796800 A CN201910796800 A CN 201910796800A CN 112447323 B CN112447323 B CN 112447323B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B9/00—Power cables
- H01B9/02—Power cables with screens or conductive layers, e.g. for avoiding large potential gradients
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
- C04B26/30—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Other silicon-containing organic compounds; Boron-organic compounds
- C04B26/32—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Other silicon-containing organic compounds; Boron-organic compounds containing silicon
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/28—Protection against damage caused by moisture, corrosion, chemical attack or weather
- H01B7/282—Preventing penetration of fluid, e.g. water or humidity, into conductor or cable
- H01B7/2825—Preventing penetration of fluid, e.g. water or humidity, into conductor or cable using a water impermeable sheath
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B9/00—Power cables
- H01B9/02—Power cables with screens or conductive layers, e.g. for avoiding large potential gradients
- H01B9/027—Power cables with screens or conductive layers, e.g. for avoiding large potential gradients composed of semi-conducting layers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00844—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for electronic applications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
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- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a medium-voltage fireproof power cable which comprises a plurality of copper conductors, a semiconductive conductor shielding layer, a crosslinked polyethylene insulating layer and a semiconductive insulating shielding layer, wherein the semiconductive conductor shielding layer, the crosslinked polyethylene insulating layer and the semiconductive insulating shielding layer are coated on the outer side of each copper conductor in a co-extrusion manner, a metal shielding layer is arranged on the outer side of the semiconductive insulating shielding layer, two layers of fireproof wrapping layers are arranged on the outer sides of the copper conductors and respectively comprise a first fireproof wrapping layer and a second fireproof wrapping layer, the first fireproof wrapping layer is positioned on the outer sides of the copper conductors, a low-smoke halogen-free fireproof filler is filled between the first fireproof wrapping layer and the metal shielding layer, the second fireproof wrapping layer is arranged on the outer side of the first fireproof wrapping layer, and an oxygen isolating layer and a ceramic fireproof layer are arranged between the two fireproof wrapping layers. The cable has the characteristics of fire resistance, impact resistance and water spray resistance, can isolate the heat of most of flame, and can ensure that the cable can still normally supply power when the cable burns in the flame at 950 ℃ for more than 180 min.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a power cable, in particular to a medium-voltage fireproof power cable and a manufacturing process thereof.
Background
The fire protection regulations of civil buildings have required mineral insulation fireproof cables to be adopted as fire protection power distribution system cables. The main characteristic is to meet the requirement that the flame burns for more than 180min at 950 ℃ to ensure the normal operation of the line. At present, many super high-rise and extra high-rise buildings use 6-35 kV medium-voltage cross-linked polyethylene insulated cables for power supply, a transformer is arranged in the middle or at the top of a building floor, the medium-voltage cable is laid in a vertical shaft and connected with the transformer, and the medium-voltage cable is subjected to voltage reduction through the transformer and then supplies power to related equipment. Many users propose that when a fire occurs, once a medium-voltage line in a building is in a fire short circuit, a fire-fighting line of low-voltage distribution cannot work normally due to no electricity. In order to ensure the power supply reliability under the fire condition, a user puts forward a higher fire-resistant requirement on a medium-voltage cross-linked cable with the rated voltage of 6-35 kV, and the cross-linked cable is required to have the same fire-resistant grade as a mineral insulation fireproof cable in a period of time under the flame condition, namely the fire-resistant grade of 950 ℃/180 min. In order to ensure that a small amount of smoke is generated during cable combustion and no halogen is contained in the smoke, a low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant fireproof medium-voltage cable is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a medium-voltage fireproof power cable which has the characteristics of fire resistance, impact resistance and water spray resistance, can isolate the heat of most of flame, and can still normally work after being burnt in the flame at 950 ℃ for more than 180 min; another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above medium voltage fireproof power cable.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the utility model provides a medium-voltage fireproof power cable, includes many copper conductors, semiconductive conductor shielding layer, crosslinked polyethylene insulating layer and semiconductive insulation shielding layer three-layer coextrusion cladding are in every copper conductor outside, the semiconductive insulation shielding layer outside is equipped with the metallic shield layer, many copper conductor outsides are equipped with two-layer fire-resistant around the covering, are first fire-resistant around the covering and the fire-resistant around the covering of second respectively, first fire-resistant around the covering be located many copper conductor outsides, and the metallic shield layer between fill low smoke and zero halogen fire-resistant filler, first fire-resistant outside around the covering is located to the second fire-resistant around the covering, and two-layer fire-resistant is equipped with oxygen barrier layer and pottery and fire-resistant layer around the covering between the covering, the fire-resistant outside cladding of second has low smoke and zero halogen outer jacket;
the pottery flame retardant coating is located between oxygen barrier layer and the fire-resistant taped covering of second, the raw materials of pottery flame retardant coating include following mass fraction:
80 to 100 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer,
30 to 50 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer,
200 to 250 portions of ceramic powder,
3 to 10 parts of methyl silicone oil,
10 to 15 parts of maleic anhydride grafted polystyrene,
1 to 5 parts of tetraethyleneglycol dimethacrylate,
1 to 3 parts of methyl orthosilicate,
0.5 to 2 parts of silicone master batch,
30 to 60 parts of aluminum hydroxide,
10 to 20 parts of melamine pyrophosphate,
10 to 20 parts of zinc borate, namely zinc borate,
2 to 5 parts of diisopropylbenzene,
0.5 to 1 part of organic tin,
1 to 5 parts of antioxidant.
The technical scheme of further improvement in the technical scheme is as follows:
1. in the scheme, the content of the vinyl acetate in the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is 40-50wt%.
2. In the scheme, the antioxidant is one of antioxidant 1010, antioxidant 1024 or antioxidant 565.
3. In the scheme, the adding proportion of the aluminum hydroxide to the melamine pyrophosphate to the zinc borate is 2 to 3:1:1.
4. in the scheme, the thickness of the ceramic refractory layer is 0.8 to 2mm.
5. In the scheme, the raw material of the ceramic refractory layer also comprises a coupling agent or a smoke suppressor.
6. In the above scheme, the coupling agent is a silane coupling agent.
The preparation method adopted by the invention has the technical scheme that: a manufacturing process for a medium voltage fireproof power cable comprising the steps of:
s1, adding 80 to 100 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 30 to 50 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer, 200 to 250 parts of ceramic powder, 3 to 10 parts of methyl silicone oil and 10 to 15 parts of maleic anhydride grafted polystyrene into a kneading machine for mixing;
s2, adding 1 to 5 parts of tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate, 1 to 3 parts of methyl orthosilicate, 0.5 to 2 parts of silicone master batch, 30 to 60 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 10 to 20 parts of melamine pyrophosphate, 10 to 20 parts of zinc borate, 2 to 5 parts of diisopropylbenzene, 0.5 to 1 part of organic tin and 1 to 5 parts of antioxidant again into the kneader, mixing uniformly and discharging;
and S3, putting the material obtained in the step S2 into a double-screw extruder, wherein the head temperature of the double-screw extruder is 130-140 ℃, and performing cold cutting granulation to obtain the ceramic refractory material.
The technical scheme of further improvement in the technical scheme is as follows:
in the above scheme, the kneading temperature of the kneader in the step S1 is 90 to 130 ℃.
Due to the application of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the medium-voltage fireproof power cable adopts a coating structure of fireproof filling, fireproof wrapping, an oxygen isolation layer, a ceramic fireproof layer and the fireproof wrapping, so that the cable can burn in flame at 950 ℃ for more than 180min, the damage of the cable is delayed, the life saving and escaping time of a fire scene can be prolonged, and the life and property safety of a use scene is ensured.
2. According to the medium-voltage fireproof power cable, the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, the ethylene propylene diene monomer, the ceramic powder, the maleic anhydride grafted polystyrene, the aluminum hydroxide, the melamine pyrophosphate and the zinc borate are added with the tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate and the methyl orthosilicate, when the cable is fired, the ceramic fireproof layer quickly forms a hard ceramic shell, so that the cable is fireproof, impact-resistant and water-drench-resistant, the heat of most of flame can be isolated, the cable can still normally work after being fired for more than 180min at 950 ℃, meanwhile, the oxygen index of a cable sheath can reach more than 50, the combustion of the cable is delayed, and the rescue escape time is prolonged for a fire scene.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the medium voltage fireproof power cable of the present invention.
In the above drawings: 1. a copper conductor; 2. a semiconductive conductor shield layer; 3. a crosslinked polyethylene insulating layer; 4. a semiconductive insulating shield layer; 5. a metal shielding layer; 6. a low smoke, halogen-free refractory filler; 7. a first fire-resistant wrapping layer; 8. an oxygen barrier layer; 9. ceramic refractory layer; 10. a second fire-resistant wrapping layer; 11. low smoke zero halogen outer protective layer.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the following examples:
examples 1 to 3: the utility model provides a medium voltage fire prevention power cable, includes many copper conductor 1, semiconduction conductor shielding layer 2, crosslinked polyethylene insulating layer 3 and semiconduction insulation shielding layer 4, the three-layer crowded cladding in every copper conductor 1 outside of semiconduction conductor shielding layer 2, crosslinked polyethylene insulating layer 3 and semiconduction insulation shielding layer 4, the 4 outsides of semiconduction insulation shielding layer are equipped with metal shielding layer 5, many copper conductor 1 outsides are equipped with two-layer fire-resistant winding covering, are first fire-resistant winding covering 7 and the fire-resistant winding covering 10 of second respectively, first fire-resistant winding covering 7 is located many copper conductor 1 outsides, and it has low smoke and zero halogen fire-resistant filler 6 to fill between the metal shielding layer 5, the fire-resistant winding covering 10 of second is located first fire-resistant winding covering 7 outsides, is equipped with between two-layer fire-resistant winding covering to have oxygen layer 8 and ceramic fire-resistant covering 9, the fire-resistant outer jacket 11 of cladding of second 10 outsides has the halogen-free outer jacket;
the ceramic fireproof layer 9 is positioned between the oxygen isolation layer 8 and the second fireproof wrapping layer 10, and the preparation method of the ceramic fireproof layer 9 comprises the following steps:
s1, adding 80-100 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 30-50 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer, 200-250 parts of ceramic powder, 3-10 parts of methyl silicone oil and 10-15 parts of maleic anhydride grafted polystyrene into a kneading machine for mixing;
s2, adding 1 to 5 parts of tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate, 1 to 3 parts of methyl orthosilicate, 0.5 to 2 parts of silicone master batch, 30 to 60 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 10 to 20 parts of melamine pyrophosphate, 10 to 20 parts of zinc borate, 2 to 5 parts of diisopropylbenzene, 0.5 to 1 part of organic tin and 1 to 5 parts of antioxidant again into the kneading machine, uniformly mixing and discharging;
s3, putting the material obtained in the step S2 into a double-screw extruder, wherein the head temperature of the double-screw extruder is 130-140 ℃, and performing cold cutting granulation to obtain a ceramic polyolefin refractory material;
the ceramic refractory layer 9 comprises the following corresponding components in parts by mass as shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
Wherein, in the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer copolymerization in the embodiment 1, the content of vinyl acetate is 40wt%, the antioxidant is antioxidant 1010, and the adding proportion of the aluminum hydroxide, the melamine pyrophosphate and the zinc borate is 2:1:1, the thickness of the ceramic refractory layer is 0.8mm, and the raw material of the ceramic refractory layer also comprises a coupling agent which is a silane coupling agent;
in the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer in example 2, the content of vinyl acetate in the copolymer is 45wt%, the antioxidant is antioxidant 565, and the addition ratio of aluminum hydroxide to melamine pyrophosphate to zinc borate is 2.5:1:1, the thickness of the ceramic refractory layer is 1mm, and the raw material of the ceramic refractory layer also comprises a smoke suppressor;
in the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer copolymerization in example 3, the vinyl acetate content is 50wt%, the antioxidant is antioxidant 1024, and the addition ratio of aluminum hydroxide to melamine pyrophosphate to zinc borate is 3:1:1, the thickness of the ceramic refractory layer is 2mm.
Comparative examples 1 to 2: the utility model provides a middling pressure fire prevention power cable, includes many copper conductor 1, semiconductive conductor shielding layer 2, crosslinked polyethylene insulating layer 3 and semiconductive insulation shielding layer 4 three-layer coextrusion cladding in every copper conductor 1 outside, semiconductive insulation shielding layer 4 outside is equipped with metal shielding layer 5, many copper conductor 1 outsides are equipped with two-layer fire-resistant winding layer, are first fire-resistant winding layer 7 and second fire-resistant winding layer 10 respectively, first fire-resistant winding layer 7 is located many copper conductor 1 outsides, and it has low smoke and zero halogen fire-resistant filler 6 to fill between the metal shielding layer 5, second fire-resistant winding layer 10 is located first fire-resistant winding layer 7 outside, and two-layer fire-resistant winding layer is equipped with the cladding between the winding layer and is had oxygen layer 8 and pottery flame retardant coating 9, the cladding has no halogen outer jacket 11 outside second fire-resistant winding layer 10;
the pottery flame retardant coating 9 is located between oxygen barrier 8 and the fire-resistant taped covering 10 of second, pottery flame retardant coating 9 comprises following parts by weight:
TABLE 2
Comparative example the procedure was as in example.
The product performances of the medium-voltage fireproof power cables prepared in the examples 1 to 3 and the comparative examples 1 to 2 are shown in Table 3:
TABLE 3
The test methods for the fire resistance tests in the table are: TICW.8-2012, applying a cable U between a conductor and a metallic shield 0 Voltage, burning for 3h in the flame with the flame temperature of 950 to 1000 ℃, stopping supplying fire for 15min, and applying a cable U between the cable conductor and the metal shield 0 Voltage, applying 3.5U of cable between conductor and metal shield after cooling for 1h 0 The voltage is 15min. The cable is not short-circuited or open-circuited in the whole process, namely qualified;
the mechanical impact resistance test method comprises the following steps: british BS6387, after being subjected to fire and mechanical impact for 15min at 950 ℃, the circuit is qualified after being kept complete;
water spray experiment test method: british BS6387, after being fired at 650 ℃ for 15min and sprayed with water for 15min, the line is intact and qualified.
As shown in the evaluation results of Table 3, the high-voltage fireproof power cable has high oxygen index and qualified fire resistance experiment, can resist mechanical impact and water spraying under high temperature conditions, excellently isolates the external environment, ensures the normal operation of the cable in a short time under the condition of fire, delays the damage of the cable and ensures the life and property safety of people.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A medium voltage fireproof power cable is characterized in that: the fireproof insulation layer comprises a plurality of copper conductors (1), a semiconductive conductor shielding layer (2), a crosslinked polyethylene insulating layer (3) and a semiconductive insulation shielding layer (4), wherein three layers of the semiconductive conductor shielding layer (2), the crosslinked polyethylene insulating layer (3) and the semiconductive insulation shielding layer (4) are coated outside each copper conductor (1) in a co-extrusion mode, a metal shielding layer (5) is arranged outside each semiconductive insulation shielding layer (4), two layers of fireproof wrapping layers are arranged outside each copper conductor (1), a first fireproof wrapping layer (7) and a second fireproof wrapping layer (10) are respectively wound, the first fireproof wrapping layer (7) is located outside each copper conductor (1), a low-smoke halogen-free fireproof filler (6) is filled between each copper conductor and the metal shielding layer (5), a second fireproof wrapping layer (10) is arranged outside each fireproof wrapping layer (7), a separation oxygen layer (8) and a ceramic fireproof layer (9) are arranged between the two layers of fireproof wrapping layers, and a low-smoke-halogen-free fireproof outer protective layer (11) is wrapped outside each second fireproof wrapping layer;
the ceramic fireproof layer (9) is positioned between the oxygen isolation layer (8) and the second fireproof wrapping layer (10), and the ceramic fireproof layer (9) comprises the following components in parts by mass:
80 to 100 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer,
30 to 50 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer,
200 to 250 parts of ceramic powder,
3 to 10 parts of methyl silicone oil,
10 to 15 parts of maleic anhydride grafted polystyrene,
1 to 5 parts of tetraethyleneglycol dimethacrylate,
1 to 3 parts of methyl orthosilicate,
0.5 to 2 parts of silicone master batch,
30 to 60 parts of aluminum hydroxide,
10 to 20 parts of melamine pyrophosphate,
10 to 20 parts of zinc borate, namely zinc borate,
2 to 5 parts of diisopropylbenzene,
0.5 to 1 part of organic tin,
1 to 5 parts of antioxidant.
2. A medium voltage fireproof power cable according to claim 1, wherein: the content of vinyl acetate in the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is 40-50wt%.
3. A medium voltage fireproof power cable according to claim 1, wherein: the antioxidant is antioxidant 1010 or antioxidant 1024 or antioxidant 565.
4. Medium voltage fireproof power cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: the adding ratio of the aluminum hydroxide to the melamine pyrophosphate to the zinc borate is 2 to 3:1:1.
5. a medium voltage fireproof power cable according to claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the ceramic refractory layer (9) is 0.8 to 2mm.
6. A medium voltage fireproof power cable according to claim 1, wherein: the ceramic refractory layer (9) also comprises a coupling agent or a smoke suppressor as raw materials.
7. Medium voltage fireproof power cable according to claim 6, characterized in that: the coupling agent is a silane coupling agent.
8. A process for manufacturing a medium voltage fireproof power cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, adding 80 to 100 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 30 to 50 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer, 200 to 250 parts of ceramic powder, 3 to 10 parts of methyl silicone oil and 10 to 15 parts of maleic anhydride grafted polystyrene into a kneading machine for mixing;
s2, adding 1 to 5 parts of tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate, 1 to 3 parts of methyl orthosilicate, 0.5 to 2 parts of silicone master batch, 30 to 60 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 10 to 20 parts of melamine pyrophosphate, 10 to 20 parts of zinc borate, 2 to 5 parts of diisopropylbenzene, 0.5 to 1 part of organic tin and 1 to 5 parts of antioxidant again into the kneading machine, uniformly mixing and discharging;
and S3, putting the material obtained in the step S2 into a double-screw extruder, wherein the head temperature of the double-screw extruder is 130-140 ℃, and performing cold cutting granulation to obtain the ceramic refractory material.
9. Process for manufacturing a medium voltage fireproof power cable according to claim 8, wherein: the kneading temperature of the kneader in the step S1 is 90 to 130 ℃.
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| KR20120002817A (en) * | 2010-07-01 | 2012-01-09 | 엘에스전선 주식회사 | Fire resistant cable |
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