CN112430104A - Composite additive for preparing ceramic and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Composite additive for preparing ceramic and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112430104A CN112430104A CN202011429005.8A CN202011429005A CN112430104A CN 112430104 A CN112430104 A CN 112430104A CN 202011429005 A CN202011429005 A CN 202011429005A CN 112430104 A CN112430104 A CN 112430104A
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- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 115
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003541 multi-stage reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical group O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromium trioxide Chemical compound O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium oxide Inorganic materials [Ba]=O QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- -1 Al)2O3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/6303—Inorganic additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C12/00—Powdered glass; Bead compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/64—Burning or sintering processes
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a composite additive for preparing ceramics, a preparation method and an application thereof, wherein the composite additive comprises the following components in parts by mass: 5-7 parts of fluxing additive, 2-3 parts of solid solution additive and 1-2 parts of grain inhibiting additive; the fluxing additive is in the form of glass powder. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) carrying out composite reaction on the raw materials at high temperature to obtain fluxing additive glass powder; (2) heating, activating and ball-milling the solid solution additive to obtain first powder; (3) performing ball milling on the grain inhibiting additive to obtain second powder; (4) and mixing the glass powder, the first type of powder and the second type of powder, and then carrying out ball milling to obtain the composite additive. The composite additive is applied to the preparation process of alumina ceramics, and can improve the mechanical property and the performance stability of the ceramic finished product.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ceramic additives, in particular to a composite additive for preparing ceramic and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Alumina ceramicsThe ceramic material is widely applied to structural ceramics, has excellent electrical performance under high frequency, and has the advantages of small dielectric loss, large volume resistivity, high strength, large hardness, small linear expansion coefficient, and good wear resistance and heat resistance. The alumina ceramics currently produced in China have 75 percent of porcelain (75 percent of Al)2O3) 90 ceramics (90% Al)2O3) 95 porcelain (95% Al)2O3) 99% of ceramic (99% Al)2O3) And the like. The alumina ceramic has the characteristic that various electromechanical properties are improved along with the increase of the content of alumina, but the defect that the increase of the content of alumina can increase the sintering temperature, thereby bringing certain difficulty to the sintering process. Therefore, it is generally economical and practical to use 90% to 96% of alumina ceramics.
The sintering temperature of 95 alumina ceramics reaches 1700 ℃, the requirements on a kiln, a sagger and a burning bearing plate are high, the energy consumption is high, and the sintering cost is high; during the sintering process of the alumina ceramic, alpha-alumina crystal grains grow up, and if the alpha-alumina crystal grains are not controlled, the performance of the product is deteriorated; therefore, when the formula of the alumina ceramic is designed, various additives are added, and in the actual production, the various additives are weighed and then added with the main raw materials for processing and production, the mechanical property dispersibility of the material is large, for example, the average bending strength is about 280MPa, the actual distribution is 230 MPa-320 MPa, and the surface Hardness (HV)5) The average value is about 980, the actual distribution is 940-1050, the material performance is unstable, the reliability is poor, and the application of the material is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a composite additive for preparing ceramics and a preparation method thereof, which are used for solving the technical problems of high sintering temperature and unstable performance of materials obtained after sintering of the conventional alumina ceramics.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a composite additive for preparing ceramics comprises the following components in parts by mass: 5-7 parts of fluxing additive, 2-3 parts of solid solution additive and 1-2 parts of grain inhibiting additive; the fluxing additive is in the form of glass powder.
The design idea of the technical scheme is that the fluxing additive added in the invention can be melted into a liquid phase at a medium temperature to promote the sintering of the ceramic, the solid solution additive can form a solid solution with the main material in the high-temperature sintering process of the ceramic to promote the sintering of the material under a solid phase, and the grain inhibiting additive can inhibit the excessive growth of ceramic grains to ensure the performance of the final ceramic product; meanwhile, the fluxing additive is limited to be in a glass powder form, and the advantages of small particle size and good anti-settling effect of the fluxing additive can be utilized, so that the dispersion effect of the fluxing additive in a composite additive system is obviously improved, the uniformity of the effect positions of a liquid phase formed by the composite additive in the ceramic sintering process in a ceramic structure is improved, and the mechanical property and the stability of a ceramic material obtained by sintering and the reliability of the whole material are improved.
Preferably, the particle size of the composite additive is 1-5 μm. The research of the inventor finds that the particle size parameter of the composite additive is limited within the range of 1-5 mu m, so that the dispersion effect of the composite additive in the ceramic sintering process can be further improved, the defects of unstable mechanical property, high dispersion and low reliability of a finished product after ceramic sintering are further avoided, and the restriction on the application of the material is removed.
Preferably, the flux additive is CAS (CaO, Al)2O3、SiO2) Or BAS (BaO, Al)2O3、SiO2) And (3) synthesized glass powder. The fluxing additive has good promotion effect on ceramic sintering and low cost.
Preferably, the solid solution additive is TiO2、Cr2O3、Fe2O3And MnO2One or more of them.
Preferably, the grain-inhibiting additive is MgO or Y2O3And ZrO2One or more of them.
Based on the same technical concept, the invention also provides a preparation method of the composite additive in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out composite reaction on the raw materials of the fluxing additive at high temperature, and cooling to obtain the fluxing additive in the form of glass powder;
(2) heating, activating and ball-milling the solid solution additive to obtain first powder;
(3) performing ball milling on the grain inhibiting additive to obtain second powder;
(4) and mixing the glass powder, the first powder and the second powder, and then carrying out ball milling to obtain the composite additive for preparing the ceramic.
The design idea of the technical scheme is that the three additives are respectively treated, the fluxing additive is firstly prepared into glass powder, and then the glass powder is mixed and ball-milled with the solid solution additive after activation and ball milling and the grain inhibiting additive after ball milling, compared with the prior art that the additives are weighed and then directly mixed with the main raw materials for processing, the technical scheme can furthest ensure the dispersion effect of the three additives in the composite additive, fully play the role of the additives in the ceramic preparation process and ensure that the ceramic sintered finished product has stable material performance; in addition, the activation operation of the solid solution additive can remove impurities in the additive and improve the reactivity of the additive.
Preferably, the temperature of the composite reaction in the step (1) is 1350-1550 ℃. The research of the inventor finds that the melt obtained at the temperature is water-cooled and ball-milled to form the glass powder with small and uniform particle size and good dispersibility, and is beneficial to the dispersion of the fluxing additive in a composite additive system.
Preferably, the temperature of the activation operation in the step (2) is 800-1000 ℃, and the activation time is 0.5-1.5 h. Under the temperature and time, the impurity removal effect of the solid solution additive is the best, the performance is the most stable, and the improvement effect on the reaction activity of the additive is the best.
Preferably, the first powder and the second powder have a particle size of 1 to 15 μm. The particle size of the solid solution additive and the grain inhibiting additive in the intermediate step is limited, so that the overall particle size distribution of the final composite additive can be ensured to be uniform, the operation difficulty of ball milling in the subsequent step is reduced, and the performance stability of a finished product obtained after ceramic sintering is improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the composite additive for preparing the ceramic can help to improve the mechanical property of a ceramic finished product obtained after sintering, and can also improve the stability and reliability of a ceramic finished product material;
(2) the composite additive for preparing ceramics of the invention replaces the prior art of directly mixing and processing various additives and raw materials by respectively processing different additives, is beneficial to improving the stability and reliability of ceramic finished materials, does not need complex instruments and equipment, and is suitable for large-scale industrialized production;
(3) when the composite additive is applied to the preparation and sintering process of the alumina ceramic, the sintering of products can be promoted and the excessive growth of crystal grains can be inhibited under the condition of lower temperature, thereby being beneficial to improving the mechanical performance of the alumina ceramic product and the stability and reliability of the whole material.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying tables and specific examples.
Example 1:
the composite additive for preparing the ceramic comprises the following components in parts by mass: 6 parts of fluxing additive, 3 parts of solid solution additive and 1 part of crystal inhibiting additive; wherein the fluxing additive is in the form of glass powder.
In this example, the particle size of the composite additive was 5 μm.
In this example, the fluxing additive was glass frit synthesized by CAS; the solid solution additive is TiO2(ii) a The crystal inhibiting additive is MgO.
The preparation method of the composite additive for preparing ceramic of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) performing composite reaction on calcium oxide, aluminum oxide and silicon dioxide at 1500 ℃, and cooling to obtain a fluxing additive in a glass powder form;
(2) for solid solution additive TiO2Heating to 800 ℃, preserving heat and activating for 1h, and then performing ball milling to obtain first-class powder with the particle size of 15 microns;
(3) carrying out ball milling on the MgO serving as the grain inhibiting additive to obtain second powder with the grain diameter of 15 mu m;
(4) and mixing the glass powder, the first powder and the second powder, and then carrying out ball milling to obtain the composite additive for preparing the ceramic.
The composite additive and the exercise alpha-alumina powder are mixed together, subjected to ball milling, milled, molded and sintered to produce the alumina ceramic, so that the sintering of the ceramic product can be promoted, the excessive growth of crystal grains can be inhibited, and the material performance, stability and reliability of the sintered ceramic finished product can be improved.
The alumina ceramics prepared by sintering the composite additive added in the embodiment is subjected to performance test, and the results are shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 1 results of performance testing of ceramics sintered with the additive package of example 1
It can be seen that the composite additive of the embodiment is added in the sintering preparation process of the alumina ceramic, so that the mechanical property and the property stability of the ceramic finished product can be obviously improved.
Example 2:
the composite additive for preparing the ceramic comprises the following components in parts by mass: 5 parts of fluxing additive, 3 parts of solid solution additive and 2 parts of crystal inhibiting additive; wherein the fluxing additive is in the form of glass powder.
In this example, the particle size of the composite additive was 3 μm.
In this example, the fluxing additive is glass frit synthesized by BAS; the solid solution additive is TiO2(ii) a The crystal inhibiting additive is MgO and Y2O3。
The preparation method of the composite additive for preparing ceramic of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) performing composite reaction on barium oxide, aluminum oxide and silicon dioxide at 1350 ℃, and cooling to obtain a fluxing additive in a glass powder form;
(2) for solid solution additive TiO2Heating to 1000 ℃, preserving heat and activating for 0.5h, and then performing ball milling to obtain first-class powder with the particle size of 12 microns;
(3) additives MgO and Y for grain suppression2O3Ball milling to obtain second powder with particle size of 10 μm;
(4) and mixing the glass powder, the first powder and the second powder, and then carrying out ball milling to obtain the composite additive for preparing the ceramic sintering process.
The composite additive and the exercise alpha-alumina powder are mixed together, subjected to ball milling, milled, molded and sintered to produce the alumina ceramic, so that the sintering of the ceramic product can be promoted, the excessive growth of crystal grains can be inhibited, and the material performance, stability and reliability of the sintered ceramic finished product can be improved.
The performance test of the alumina ceramic prepared by sintering the composite additive added in the embodiment is as shown in the following table 2:
TABLE 2 results of performance testing of ceramics sintered with the additive package of EXAMPLE 2
It can be seen that the composite additive of the embodiment is added in the sintering preparation process of the alumina ceramic, so that the mechanical property and the property stability of the ceramic finished product can be obviously improved.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described examples. Modifications and variations that may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention are to be considered as within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The composite additive for preparing the ceramic is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass: 5-7 parts of fluxing additive, 2-3 parts of solid solution additive and 1-2 parts of grain inhibiting additive; the fluxing additive is in the form of glass powder.
2. The additive package according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the additive package is 1 to 5 μm.
3. The composite additive of claim 1 wherein the fluxing additive is a CAS or BAS synthetic glass frit.
4. The composite additive of claim 1 wherein said solid solution type additive is TiO2、Cr2O3、Fe2O3And MnO2One or more of them.
5. The additive package of claim 1 wherein said grain inhibiting additive is MgO, Y2O3And ZrO2One or more of them.
6. The method for preparing the composite additive for preparing ceramic according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) carrying out composite reaction on the raw materials of the fluxing additive at high temperature, and cooling to obtain the fluxing additive in a glass powder form;
(2) heating, activating and ball-milling the solid solution additive to obtain first powder;
(3) performing ball milling on the grain inhibiting additive to obtain second powder;
(4) and mixing the glass powder, the first powder and the second powder, and then carrying out ball milling to obtain the composite additive for preparing the ceramic.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the temperature of the complex reaction in the step (1) is 1350 to 1550 ℃.
8. The preparation method according to claim 6, wherein the temperature of the activation operation in the step (2) is 800-1000 ℃, and the activation time is 0.5-1.5 h.
9. The method according to claim 6, wherein the first and second powders have a particle size of 1 to 15 μm.
10. Use of the composite additive according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or the composite additive obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 6 to 9 as an additive in the sintering preparation process of alumina ceramics.
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| CN202011429005.8A CN112430104A (en) | 2020-12-07 | 2020-12-07 | Composite additive for preparing ceramic and preparation method and application thereof |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN113754414A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2021-12-07 | 景德镇百特威尔新材料有限公司 | High-density high-strength medium-aluminum/medium-high-aluminum alumina ball-milling medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN114890772A (en) * | 2022-04-24 | 2022-08-12 | 江苏省陶瓷研究所有限公司 | Yixing glaze ceramic cup and preparation method thereof |
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| CN113754414A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2021-12-07 | 景德镇百特威尔新材料有限公司 | High-density high-strength medium-aluminum/medium-high-aluminum alumina ball-milling medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN114890772A (en) * | 2022-04-24 | 2022-08-12 | 江苏省陶瓷研究所有限公司 | Yixing glaze ceramic cup and preparation method thereof |
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