CN112427524B - Flange flanging internal spinning composite forming method and device - Google Patents
Flange flanging internal spinning composite forming method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112427524B CN112427524B CN202011210642.6A CN202011210642A CN112427524B CN 112427524 B CN112427524 B CN 112427524B CN 202011210642 A CN202011210642 A CN 202011210642A CN 112427524 B CN112427524 B CN 112427524B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/14—Spinning
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D19/00—Flanging or other edge treatment, e.g. of tubes
- B21D19/08—Flanging or other edge treatment, e.g. of tubes by single or successive action of pressing tools, e.g. vice jaws
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D35/00—Combined processes according to or processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
- B21D35/002—Processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/10—Die sets; Pillar guides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/16—Heating or cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D43/00—Feeding, positioning or storing devices combined with, or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, apparatus for working or processing sheet metal, metal tubes or metal profiles; Associations therewith of cutting devices
- B21D43/003—Positioning devices
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a flange flanging internal spinning composite forming method, which comprises the following steps: firstly, processing a guide hole in the center of a circular plate blank, heating the circular plate blank, placing the circular plate blank on a flanging lower die, starting a hydraulic press, enabling a punch screw to move downwards under the action of the hydraulic press so as to enable a blank holder to compact the plate blank, rotating the punch screw to move downwards under the threaded fit of the blank holder, spinning an end punch to expand the guide hole, and turning a material downwards; then, the neck of the flange is gradually spun by two punches at the neck of the punch screw rod, and the neck of the flange is further thinned and extends downwards; and returning the hydraulic press until the size is in place, and resetting the punch screw under the action of the spring. According to the invention, the punch moves downwards in a rotating way, and small-area rapid progressive rotating extrusion forming is adopted, so that the coating force of materials on the punch is reduced, the demoulding is easy, the round angle between the neck part and the end part of the flange is reduced, the impact force required by the forming is reduced, and the volume weight of the equipment is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of forging and pressing, and particularly relates to a stretch flanging and internal spinning composite forming method of a thin-wall welding neck flange.
Background
The flange is a common mechanical connecting part, and for the flange to be manufactured, the common methods mainly comprise: forming by die forging, and then carrying out a large amount of machining; or after die forging forming, stewing and rough punching to prepare a forging blank, and then machining; a welding process may be included. The methods have the advantages of multiple forming procedures, low material utilization rate, and reduction of the service life and comprehensive performance of products due to the cutting of metal fibers by a large amount of mechanical processing.
Chinese patent publication No. CN109648255A discloses a plate forging rolling composite molding process for large flanges, which comprises the following steps: and (3) processing a guide hole in the center of the circular blank, heating, then placing the circular blank into a ring rolling mill to roll the circular blank into a flange workpiece according with the size, and performing turning, chamfering and detection on the flange workpiece after stress removal treatment. The method improves the utilization rate of materials, and the streamline of the metal is distributed along with the shape of the product, thereby improving the comprehensive performance. But the spinning and ring rolling forming processes are required to be carried out on additional equipment, so that more production processes are required; and moreover, a fillet is formed between the end part of the flange and the neck part in the rolling process, so that the accuracy of the size is reduced.
Chinese patent publication No. CN110681813A discloses a die and method for flange plate forging, impact extrusion, reverse upsetting composite forming, the method comprising the steps of: s1, forging, namely placing the plate blank into a counter bore of a lower die, enabling a punch to move downwards, enabling the punch to extrude a second compression spring, enabling the second compression spring to extrude a blank holder below the second compression spring, forging and pressing the plate blank by the blank holder until the plate blank is contacted with the lower die, and clamping the plate blank together with the lower die; s2, stretching and flanging, wherein the punch continues to move downwards, the punch extrudes the plate blank material to move towards the periphery through the guide holes, the guide holes are gradually enlarged under the action of the punch, and the peripheral material overturns towards the wall of the inner hole of the lower die; s3, impact extrusion, wherein after the plate blank is contacted with the hole wall of the inner hole of the lower die, a space smaller than the thickness of the plate blank is formed by the punch and the inner hole of the lower die, the plate blank material becomes thin under the extrusion of the punch, redundant metal flows downwards, and the neck of the flange becomes thin and long; and S4, upsetting, wherein the punch continues to move downwards, the lower die extrudes the first compression spring below the lower die to move downwards under the action of the punch, so that the space formed by the lower die, the lower die seat, the blank holder and the punch at the inner hole of the lower die is smaller and smaller until the lower die seat contacts a downward flanging of the plate blank, reverse upsetting is realized, the end face of the flanging is upset and leveled, the redundant metal is extruded upwards to the round corner of the end face, and the closed cavity is filled. The method utilizes reverse upsetting to stew the neck of the flange, so that the thickness of the neck is larger than that of a plate blank, the fillet of the end part of the flange is eliminated, and the equipment is reset through the first compression spring.
However, both of the above techniques have a limitation: the friction resistance is very large in the process of stretching the plate blank, and after the stretching is finished, the blank is completely wrapped on the punch head, so that the demoulding is difficult. This problem has always restricted the improvement of the production efficiency. Especially for the thin-wall welding neck flange, because the neck part has thin wall thickness and long size, even if the cladding force of the material on the punch is overlarge during demoulding, the neck part of the flange is deformed, and the finished product rate is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a flange flanging internal spinning composite forming method.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
The invention provides a flange flanging internal spinning composite forming method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, making a plate blank into a round blank, and processing a guide hole in the center of the plate blank;
(2) heating the plate blank, placing the plate blank on a lower flanging die, placing a blank holder on the plate blank, starting a hydraulic press, enabling a punch screw rod and the blank holder to be in threaded fit, enabling the punch screw rod to rotate and move downwards under the action of threads until the punch screw rod contacts the plate blank, enabling the punch screw rod to extrude the blank holder under the action of a spring and the threads, and enabling the punch screw rod, the blank holder and the lower flanging die to compress the plate blank together;
(3) the punch screw rod continues to rotate and move downwards, the end punch passes through the guide hole, the guide hole is expanded under the combined action of rotation and extrusion, and materials around the guide hole are turned downwards along with the increase of the stroke;
(4) the punch screw continuously rotates and moves downwards, the end part punch further thins and extends downwards the material of the neck part of the flange, meanwhile, two punches at the neck part of the punch screw contact the plate blank to form progressive rotary extrusion on the neck part of the flange, so that the neck part of the flange is further thinned and extends downwards;
(5) along with the continuous increase of stroke, through many circles of rotations, the flange neck is highly increased under the effect of two drifts, and the wall thickness thins, and the internal diameter grow, and until the size target in place, the hydraulic press return stroke, drift screw rod counter-rotation and upwards reset under the effect of spring realize the separation of drift and flange forging.
In the process that the punch moves downwards in a rotating mode, the punch and the material have sufficient relative movement distance, the coating force of the material on the punch is reduced, demolding is easy, and the influence of demolding on the quality of a flange product is avoided; the traditional one-time stamping mode is replaced by progressive rotary extrusion, so that the fillet between the neck part and the end part of the flange is obviously reduced, the size accuracy is improved, and the upsetting process is omitted; because the end part punch and the two punches are both formed in a small-area rapid progressive manner, the traditional full-section contact die mode is replaced, the impact force required by forming is reduced, the volume and the weight of equipment are reduced, and the equipment investment and the energy consumption are saved. In addition, under the action of the blank holder, the forge piece can be accurately positioned, and the forge piece is prevented from moving due to the fact that the forge piece is not firmly fixed during spinning.
The invention is especially used for manufacturing thin-wall welding neck flanges, reduces the demoulding difficulty and increases the productivity and the yield.
The step (1) is specifically as follows: selecting a plate with uniform thickness, cutting the plate according to the size requirement, processing a guide hole in the center of the blank after cutting, wherein the shape of the guide hole is circular corresponding to the shape of the inner hole of the flange, and obtaining the plate blank.
And (3) heating the plate blank in the step (2) to 1150-1180 ℃.
The step (2) further comprises: and the punch screw, the blank holder and the lower flanging die jointly compress the plate blank, and then the blank holder continuously moves downwards to extrude the plate blank until the plate blank is contacted with the blank holder and the lower flanging die. So as to increase the clamping force and make the flange end smooth and uniform.
And (5) moving the punch screw downwards until the two punches exceed the lower end of the flange. So that the lower end of the flange is straight and convenient to process.
And (5) performing up-and-down reciprocating movement for multiple times in the return stroke process of the hydraulic press. So as to smooth the inner hole of the flange.
The invention also provides a flange flanging internal spinning composite forming device, which comprises a flanging lower die, wherein a blank holder is arranged above the flanging lower die, the middle part of the blank holder is connected with a punch screw rod through threads, the punch screw rod is provided with a base plate and a spring, the upper end of the spring is contacted with the base plate, the lower end of the spring is contacted with the blank holder, the lower end of the punch screw rod is provided with a punch, and the neck part of the punch screw rod is provided with two punches.
The flanging lower die is provided with a counter bore, and the middle of the counter bore is provided with a through hole. The through hole is circular corresponding to the neck of the flange.
The blank holder is the cylinder of lower extreme open-ended, and the blank holder upper end is equipped with the screw hole and cooperates with the drift screw rod. Further, the outer diameter of the blank holder is larger than the diameter of a counter bore of the flanging lower die, and the inner diameter of the blank holder is not larger than the diameter of a through hole of the flanging lower die. Further, the inner diameter of the blank holder is smaller than the diameter of the through hole of the die, and the difference between the inner diameter of the blank holder and the diameter of the through hole of the die is 2 times of the wall thickness of the neck of the flange to be manufactured. The edge pressing ring prevents the material from flowing to the end part of the flange in the process that the end part punch and the two punches extrude the material so as to ensure that the end part of the flange is flat.
The punch screw, the end punch and the two punches are integrally formed. Further, the diameter of the two punches is larger than that of the end punch; in order to make the material have space for sufficient deformation and reduce the reaction force, a gap is formed between the two punches and the end punch. Furthermore, the diameter of the punch gradually increases from front to back, the front part is spherical, the middle part and the front part are smoothly transited into a cone shape, and the back part is cylindrical; through the arrangement, the punch and the plate blank are uniformly and gradually extruded, and the problems that the material is not uniformly deformed and the local stress is increased after the forming due to the size mutation are avoided. The two punch sides are in the shape of the equatorial plane of the sphere and increase in thickness from the sides to the root.
The base plate is connected with the punch screw through a bearing, a groove-shaped space is formed in the middle of the base plate, and the bearing outer ring and the bearing inner ring are arranged in the groove-shaped space.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
in conclusion, the small-area rapid progressive rotary extrusion forming is adopted through the downward rotary movement of the punch, so that the coating force of materials on the punch is reduced, the demolding is easy, the round angle between the neck part and the end part of the flange is reduced, the impact force required by the molding is reduced, and the volume weight of the equipment is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-flanging a lower die; 2-a plate blank; 3-blank holder; 4-a punch screw; 41 an end punch; 42-two punches; 5-a spring; 6-backing plate; 7-bearing outer race; 8-bearing inner ring.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below, but the scope of the claimed invention is not limited to the described.
The invention provides a flange flanging internal spinning composite forming method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, making a plate blank 2 into a round blank, and processing a guide hole in the center of the plate blank 2;
(2) heating a plate blank 2, placing the plate blank on a flanging lower die 1, placing a blank holder 3 on the plate blank 2, starting a hydraulic press, enabling a punch screw rod 4 and the blank holder 3 to be in threaded fit, enabling the punch screw rod 4 to rotate and move downwards under the action of threads until the punch screw rod 4 contacts the plate blank 2, enabling the punch screw rod 4 to extrude the blank holder 3 under the action of a spring 5 and the threads, and enabling the punch screw rod 4, the blank holder 3 and the flanging lower die 1 to jointly compress the plate blank 2;
(3) the punch screw rod 4 continues to rotate and move downwards, the end punch 41 passes through the guide hole, the guide hole is expanded under the combined action of rotation and extrusion, and materials around the guide hole are turned downwards along with the increase of the stroke;
(4) the punch screw rod 4 continues to rotate and move downwards, the end punch 41 further thins and extends downwards the material of the flange neck, meanwhile, two punches 42 at the neck of the punch screw rod 4 contact the plate blank 2 to perform progressive rotary extrusion on the flange neck, so that the flange neck is further thinned and extends downwards;
(5) along with the continuous increase of the stroke, through multi-circle rotation, the height of the neck of the flange is increased under the action of the two punches 42, the wall thickness is thinned, the inner diameter is enlarged until the size is in place, the hydraulic press returns, the punch screw rod 4 reversely rotates and upwards resets under the action of the spring 5, and the separation of the punches and the flange forging is realized.
In the process that the punch rotates to move downwards, the punch and the material have sufficient relative movement distance, so that the coating force of the material on the punch is reduced, the demolding is easy, and the influence of the demolding on the quality of a flange product is avoided; the traditional one-time stamping mode is replaced by progressive rotary extrusion, so that the fillet between the neck part and the end part of the flange is obviously reduced, the size accuracy is improved, and the upsetting process is omitted; because the end part punch 41 and the two punches 42 are both formed by small-area rapid progressive forming, the traditional full-section contact die mode is replaced, the impact force required by forming is reduced, the volume and the weight of equipment are reduced, and the equipment investment and the energy consumption are saved. In addition, under the effect of blank holder 3, the location forging that can be accurate prevents that the forging from fixing insecurely and causing the forging to remove during spinning.
The step (1) is specifically as follows: selecting a plate with uniform thickness, cutting the plate according to the size requirement, processing a guide hole in the center of the blank after cutting, wherein the shape of the guide hole is circular corresponding to the shape of the inner hole of the flange, and obtaining the plate blank 2.
And (3) heating the plate blank 2 in the step (2) to 1150-1180 ℃.
The step (2) further comprises: the punch screw 4, the blank holder 3 and the lower flanging die 1 jointly press the blank 2, and then the blank holder 3 continuously moves downwards to extrude the blank 2 until the blank holder 3 contacts the lower flanging die 1. So as to increase the clamping force and make the flange end smooth and uniform.
And (5) moving the punch screw rod 4 downwards until the two punches 42 exceed the lower end of the flange. So that the lower end of the flange is straight and convenient to process.
And (5) performing up-and-down reciprocating movement for multiple times in the return stroke process of the hydraulic press. So as to smooth the inner hole of the flange.
The invention also provides a flange flanging internal spinning composite forming device, which is shown as a schematic structural diagram in figure 1:
the invention provides a flange flanging internal spinning composite forming device which comprises a flanging lower die 1, wherein a blank holder 3 is arranged above the flanging lower die 1, the middle part of the blank holder 3 is connected with a punch screw rod 4 through threads, a base plate 6 and a spring 5 are arranged on the punch screw rod 4, the upper end of the spring 5 is in contact with the base plate 6, the lower end of the spring is in contact with the blank holder 3, a punch is arranged at the lower end of the punch screw rod 4, and two punches 42 are arranged at the neck part of the punch screw rod 4.
The flanging lower die 1 is provided with a counter bore, and the middle part of the counter bore is provided with a through hole. The through hole is circular corresponding to the neck of the flange.
The blank holder 3 is a cylinder with an opening at the lower end, and the upper end of the blank holder 3 is provided with a threaded hole matched with the punch screw rod 4. Further, the outer diameter of the blank holder 3 is larger than the diameter of a counter bore of the lower flanging die 1, and the inner diameter of the blank holder is not larger than the diameter of a through hole of the lower flanging die 1. Further, the inner diameter of the blank holder 3 is smaller than the diameter of the through hole of the die, and the difference between the inner diameter of the blank holder 3 and the diameter of the through hole of the die is 2 times of the wall thickness of the neck of the flange to be manufactured. The edge pressing ring 3 prevents the material from flowing to the flange end during the process of pressing the material by the end punch 41 and the two punches 42, so as to ensure that the flange end is flat.
The punch screw 4, the end punch 41 and the two punches 42 are integrally formed. Further, the diameter of the second punch 42 is larger than that of the end punch 41; in order to provide sufficient space for the material to deform and reduce the reaction force, a gap is provided between the two punches 42 and the end punch 41. Furthermore, the diameter of the punch gradually increases from front to back, the front part is spherical, the middle part and the front part are smoothly transited into a cone shape, and the back part is cylindrical; through the arrangement, the punch and the plate blank 2 are uniformly and gradually extruded, and the problems that the material is not uniformly deformed and the local stress is increased after the forming due to the size mutation are avoided. The two punches 42 are shaped with their sides in the equatorial plane of the sphere and increase in thickness from the sides to the root.
The base plate 6 is connected with the punch screw 4 through a bearing, a groove-shaped space is arranged in the middle of the base plate 6, and the bearing outer ring 7 and the bearing inner ring 8 are arranged in the groove-shaped space.
Claims (8)
1. A flange flanging internal spinning composite forming method is characterized in that: the flange flanging forming is carried out by adopting a spinning composite forming device, the composite forming device comprises a flanging lower die (1), a blank holder (3) is arranged above the flanging lower die (1), the middle part of the blank holder (3) is connected with a punch screw (4) through threads, a base plate (6) and a spring (5) are arranged on the punch screw (4), the upper end of the spring (5) is contacted with the base plate (6), the lower end of the spring is contacted with the flanging ring (3), an end part punch (41) is arranged at the lower end part of the punch screw (4), and two punches (42) are arranged at the neck part of the punch screw; the base plate (6) is connected with the punch screw (4) through a bearing, a groove-shaped space is formed in the middle of the base plate (6), and the bearing outer ring (7) and the bearing inner ring (8) are arranged in the groove-shaped space;
the composite molding method comprises the following steps: (1) firstly, manufacturing a plate blank (2) into a round blank, and processing a guide hole in the center of the plate blank (2);
(2) heating a plate blank (2), placing the plate blank on a flanging lower die (1), placing a blank holder (3) on the plate blank (2), starting a hydraulic press, matching a punch screw (4) with the blank holder (3) through threads, enabling the punch screw (4) to rotate and move downwards under the action of the threads until contacting the plate blank (2), extruding the blank holder (3) under the action of a spring (5) and the threads through the punch screw (4), and pressing the plate blank (2) through the punch screw (4), the blank holder (3) and the flanging lower die (1) together;
(3) the punch head screw rod (4) continues to rotate and move downwards, the end punch head (41) passes through the guide hole, the guide hole is expanded under the combined action of rotation and extrusion, and materials around the guide hole are turned downwards along with the increase of the stroke;
(4) the punch screw (4) continuously rotates and moves downwards, the end punch (41) further thins and extends downwards the material of the flange neck, meanwhile, two punches (42) at the neck of the punch screw (4) contact the plate blank (2) to form progressive rotary extrusion on the flange neck, so that the flange neck is further thinned and extends downwards;
(5) along with the continuous increase of the stroke, the height of the neck of the flange is increased under the action of the two punches (42) through multi-circle rotation, the wall thickness is thinned, the inner diameter is increased until the size is in place, the punch screw (4) reversely rotates and upwards resets under the action of the spring (5) during the return stroke of the hydraulic machine, and the separation of the punch and the flange forging is realized.
2. The flange flanging internal spinning composite forming method of claim 1, characterized in that: the step (1) is specifically as follows: and selecting a plate with uniform thickness, cutting the plate according to the size requirement, and processing a guide hole in the center of the blank after cutting to obtain the plate blank (2).
3. The flange flanging internal spinning composite forming method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the shape of the guide hole is circular corresponding to the shape of the inner hole of the flange.
4. The flange flanging internal spinning composite forming method of claim 1, characterized in that: and (3) heating the plate blank (2) in the step (2) to 1150-1180 ℃.
5. The flange flanging internal spinning composite forming method of claim 1, characterized in that: the step (2) further comprises: the punch screw (4), the blank holder (3) and the lower flanging die (1) are jointly pressed against the blank (2), and then the blank holder (3) continuously moves downwards to extrude the blank (2) until the blank is contacted with the blank holder (3) and the lower flanging die (1).
6. The flange flanging internal spinning composite forming method of claim 1, characterized in that: the inner diameter of the blank holder (3) is smaller than the aperture of the flanging lower die (1) and larger than the inner diameter of the flange.
7. The flange flanging internal spinning composite forming method of claim 1, characterized in that: and (5) moving the punch screw rod (4) downwards until the two punches (42) exceed the lower end of the flange.
8. The flange flanging internal spinning composite forming method of claim 1, characterized in that: and (5) performing multiple up-and-down reciprocating motions in the return stroke process of the hydraulic press.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011210642.6A CN112427524B (en) | 2020-11-03 | 2020-11-03 | Flange flanging internal spinning composite forming method and device |
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| CN202011210642.6A CN112427524B (en) | 2020-11-03 | 2020-11-03 | Flange flanging internal spinning composite forming method and device |
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| CN112427524A CN112427524A (en) | 2021-03-02 |
| CN112427524B true CN112427524B (en) | 2022-11-18 |
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| CN114406076B (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2023-02-21 | 钢铁研究总院有限公司 | Double blind hole fan shaft combined machining die and rotary near-net forming process |
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