CN104275378A - Large diameter-thick ratio and vertical distance ratio seal head rotary percussion forming device and rotary percussion method thereof - Google Patents
Large diameter-thick ratio and vertical distance ratio seal head rotary percussion forming device and rotary percussion method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 title 2
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 208000012886 Vertigo Diseases 0.000 description 30
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 235000015510 Cucumis melo subsp melo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/14—Spinning
- B21D22/16—Spinning over shaping mandrels or formers
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种大径厚比大弓高比封头冲旋成型装置及冲旋方法。成型装置包括由立柱与顶梁构成的机床门架、底座、横梁、双旋轮架、旋转台、筒形模具、环形压板夹具等部分。旋转台安装在机床底座上，筒形模具安装在旋转台上，待加工的工件则紧密装卡在筒形模具上，可以实现工件与模具随旋转台同步旋转。在横梁的左右两侧各有一个旋轮架，其上装有旋压工具旋轮。旋轮的垂直方向和水平方向进给是通过步进电机和丝杠来实现的。采用双旋轮结构可以增加旋压成形过程中的工件受力稳定性，降低振动对加工过程的影响。旋压方法是双旋轮分别从左右两侧的工件周边向中心沿对称弧形进给挤压工件成形。本设备简单、无需冲压成鼓，成形过程稳定，能避免大径厚比大弓高比封头成型过程中发生失稳的现象，从而能实现大径厚比大弓高比封头整体精密成型。
The invention relates to a punching and spinning forming device and a punching method for a head with a large diameter-thickness ratio and a large bow-height ratio. The forming device includes the machine tool door frame composed of columns and top beams, the base, the beam, the double-rotary wheel frame, the rotary table, the cylindrical mold, and the annular clamping plate clamp. The rotary table is installed on the base of the machine tool, the cylindrical mold is installed on the rotary table, and the workpiece to be processed is tightly clamped on the cylindrical mold, so that the workpiece and the mold can rotate synchronously with the rotary table. There is a rotary wheel frame on the left and right sides of the crossbeam respectively, on which the spinning tool rotary wheel is housed. The vertical and horizontal feeding of the rotary wheel is realized by a stepping motor and a lead screw. The double wheel structure can increase the force stability of the workpiece during the spinning forming process and reduce the impact of vibration on the processing process. The spinning method is that the double rotary wheels feed and extrude the workpiece from the periphery of the workpiece on the left and right sides to the center along a symmetrical arc. The equipment is simple, does not need to be stamped into a drum, and the forming process is stable, which can avoid the instability phenomenon in the forming process of the head with large diameter-thickness ratio and large bow-height ratio, so as to realize the overall precision molding of the head with large diameter-thickness ratio and large bow-height ratio .
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及一种大径厚比大弓高比封头冲旋成型装置及冲旋方法。 The invention relates to a punching and spinning forming device and a punching method for a head with a large diameter-thickness ratio and a large bow-height ratio.
背景技术 Background technique
航天工业加工封头最常用的一种方法是瓜瓣式拼接成型方法，即将一个大型封头分成若干瓣，先将各分辨逐一冲压成形，再采用氩弧焊或搅拌摩擦焊拼接成一个整体封头。航天工业的发展，对构件的结构尺寸、精度及整体性能提出更加苛刻的要求。实现这类构件的大尺寸、薄壁化、轻量化及整体成形成为制造工艺的新趋势。这种瓜瓣式拼接成型加工方法冲压成形过程中在保证各分瓣性能的一致性方面存在困难，同时由于焊接工艺始终存在焊缝，焊缝与母材的力学性能会存在一定的差异，薄壁构件也大大增加了焊接工艺的困难。 The most commonly used method for processing heads in the aerospace industry is the melon petal splicing forming method, that is, a large head is divided into several petals, and each part is stamped and formed one by one, and then spliced into a whole seal by argon arc welding or friction stir welding. head. The development of the aerospace industry puts forward more stringent requirements on the structural size, precision and overall performance of components. Realizing the large size, thin wall, light weight and integral forming of such components has become a new trend in the manufacturing process. This kind of melon-type splicing forming processing method has difficulties in ensuring the consistency of the performance of each split during the stamping process. At the same time, because there is always a weld in the welding process, there will be a certain difference in the mechanical properties of the weld and the base metal. The wall members also greatly increase the difficulty of the welding process.
目前国内利用有模旋压法（模压法）能成功旋制直径约为 2000mm，径厚比少于300的封头,但是随着工件径厚比增加到约为400时，工件表面在旋制成形过程中局部区域产生起皱失稳，严重时甚至开裂导致封头制造失败。 At present, the domestic use of mold spinning method (molding method) can successfully spin the diameter of about 2000mm, the diameter-thickness ratio of the head is less than 300, but as the diameter-thickness ratio of the workpiece increases to about 400, the surface of the workpiece will wrinkle and become unstable in the local area during the spinning forming process, and even crack in severe cases, resulting in the manufacture of the head fail.
旋压技术的发展给封头制造提供了新工艺方法，1.有模封头旋压法即利用芯模加旋轮将工件逐点碾压，使金属板材产生塑性变形从而达到成形封头的目的。2.二步法封头旋压，分压鼓和翻遍两道工序，压鼓是采用冲压的方法利用压鼓机将圆形平板工件由里向外冲压，每冲压一次操作机将工件转动一个角度，直至冲压成形；翻边是将有模旋压中的芯模换内旋压辊（成形辊），配合外旋压辊（压力轮）将第一步压鼓得到的半成品旋压成封头形。现有这两种方法都是采用大尾顶将工件的中心约束在芯模上，主轴带动芯模和工件转动，旋轮将工件沿碾压成形。目前国内运用有模旋压法最大能够旋制直径约为2000mm，径厚比不超过300的封头曲面构件,当工件径厚比增加到400时，工件表成形过程中局部区域产生起皱失稳，严重时边缘产生翘曲或波浪式起皱。 The development of spinning technology has provided a new process method for the manufacture of the head. 1. The spinning method of the molded head is to use the core mold and the spinning wheel to roll the workpiece point by point, so that the metal sheet is plastically deformed to achieve the shape of the head. Purpose. 2. Two-step head spinning, two processes of dividing the drum and turning over the drum. The drum is used to punch the round flat workpiece from the inside to the outside by using the drum press. The workpiece is rotated by the manipulator every punching. An angle until it is stamped and formed; flanging is to replace the core mold in the mold spinning with the inner spinning roller (forming roller), and cooperate with the outer spinning roller (pressure wheel) to spin the semi-finished product obtained by the first step of pressing the drum into a Head shape. The existing two methods all use the big tail top to constrain the center of the workpiece on the mandrel, the main shaft drives the mandrel and the workpiece to rotate, and the rotary wheel rolls the workpiece along the shape. At present, the maximum diameter that can be spun by the mold spinning method in China is about 2000mm, diameter-thickness ratio does not exceed 300 head curved surface components, when the diameter-thickness ratio of the workpiece increases to 400, wrinkling and instability will occur in the local area during the forming process of the workpiece surface, and the edge will warp or wave wrinkle in severe cases.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
针对现有有模旋压工艺（工件中心约束，周边为自由端），在加工大径厚比大弓高比薄壁封头过程中极其容易起皱、翘曲等失稳现象，本发明特提供一种工件周边约束的大径厚比大弓高比封头冲旋装置及冲旋方法。 Aiming at the existing die-spinning process (the center of the workpiece is constrained and the periphery is a free end), it is extremely easy to wrinkle, warp and other instability phenomena in the process of processing thin-walled heads with large diameter-thickness ratio and large bow-height ratio. Provided are a punching device and a punching method for a head with a large diameter-thickness ratio and a large bow-height ratio constrained by the periphery of a workpiece.
一种工件周边约束的薄壁大弓高封头旋压成形装置，包括立柱1、横梁2、顶梁3、旋轮架4、液压伸缩杆5、旋轮6、垂直丝杠7、垂直步进电机8、水平丝杠9、水平步进电机10、环形压板11、工件12、螺栓13、筒形模具14、旋转台15、蜗杆16、涡轮17、圆柱滚子轴承18、套筒19、推力球轴承20、底座21、平衡导行轮22，其中，门架由顶梁3连接左右两立柱1组成，在两立柱中央位置留有矩形长凹槽，在凹槽内安装了垂直丝杠7及直线步进电机8，垂直丝杠7下端连接直线步进电机；旋转台上方安装筒形模具14，旋转台15的旋转主轴通过圆柱滚子轴承18、套筒19、推力球轴承20安装在底座21上；平衡导行轮22安装在底座21上；平衡导行轮22安装在底座21上，横梁连接左右两边的垂直丝杠，位于顶梁下方；横梁左右两立柱之间，中点的左右两侧分别装有一个旋轮架4；旋轮架下方设有旋轮6； A thin-walled, large-bow and high-end head spinning device constrained by the periphery of the workpiece, including a column 1, a beam 2, a top beam 3, a wheel frame 4, a hydraulic telescopic rod 5, a wheel 6, a vertical screw 7, a vertical step Entering motor 8, horizontal lead screw 9, horizontal stepping motor 10, annular pressure plate 11, workpiece 12, bolt 13, cylindrical mold 14, rotary table 15, worm screw 16, turbine 17, cylindrical roller bearing 18, sleeve 19, Thrust ball bearing 20, base 21, and balance guide wheel 22, wherein the mast is composed of a top beam 3 connected to two left and right columns 1, and a rectangular long groove is left in the center of the two columns, and a vertical screw is installed in the groove 7 and a linear stepping motor 8, the lower end of the vertical lead screw 7 is connected to a linear stepping motor; a cylindrical mold 14 is installed above the rotary table, and the rotating spindle of the rotary table 15 is installed through a cylindrical roller bearing 18, a sleeve 19, and a thrust ball bearing 20 On the base 21; the balance guide wheel 22 is installed on the base 21; the balance guide wheel 22 is installed on the base 21, the vertical lead screw on the left and right sides is connected by the beam, and is located below the top beam; between the left and right columns of the beam, the midpoint A rotary wheel frame 4 is respectively installed on the left and right sides of the wheel frame; a rotary wheel 6 is arranged below the rotary wheel frame;
所述横梁内安装有两套水平电机10和水平丝杠9，左右两水平丝杠通过螺栓和轴承固定在横梁内，在丝杠末端通过联轴器与水平电机输出轴连接，分别用于控制左右旋轮架水平方向的进给； Two sets of horizontal motors 10 and horizontal lead screws 9 are installed in the beam, and the left and right horizontal screw screws are fixed in the beam through bolts and bearings, and are connected to the output shaft of the horizontal motor through a coupling at the end of the lead screw, respectively for controlling Feed in the horizontal direction of the left and right rotary wheel frame;
所述筒形模具上方通过环形压板11和螺栓13紧密装卡工件12，成形对工件12周边的有效约束； The workpiece 12 is tightly clamped by the annular pressure plate 11 and the bolt 13 above the cylindrical mold, forming an effective constraint on the periphery of the workpiece 12;
所述旋转台15的旋转主轴与蜗轮17连接，蜗杆16与涡轮17配合传递调节旋转台转速；通过调节电机的转速，实现对不同转速的需求。 The rotating main shaft of the turntable 15 is connected with the worm wheel 17, and the worm 16 and the worm wheel 17 cooperate to transmit and adjust the rotating speed of the turntable; by adjusting the rotating speed of the motor, the requirements for different rotating speeds are realized.
所述平衡导行轮22共4个，均匀安装在底座21的一确定圆周上，与旋转台导向槽接触，起导向作用，防止旋转台旋转过程中左右摆动。 There are 4 balance guide wheels 22, which are evenly installed on a certain circumference of the base 21, contact with the guide groove of the turntable, and play a guiding role to prevent the turntable from swinging left and right during the rotation process.
所述旋轮架内安装液压伸缩杆5，液压伸缩杆可以改变旋轮的伸出长度。 Hydraulic telescopic rod 5 is installed in the described wheel frame, and the hydraulic telescopic rod can change the extension length of the wheel.
所述旋轮6，为不同圆角半径旋轮或不同形状旋轮。 The wheel 6 is a wheel with different fillet radii or a wheel with different shapes.
所述筒形模具可以更换的，改变模具的大小可实现不同直径封头的加工，这对实现一机多尺寸封头生产是非常有益的。 The cylindrical mold can be replaced, and changing the size of the mold can realize the processing of heads with different diameters, which is very beneficial to realize the production of multi-sized heads in one machine.
具体旋压方法为：将工件12固定在筒形模具14上，旋轮6按封头母线轨迹进给，挤压工件12，逐渐将工件成形12’形状；工件在旋压过程中随旋轮6进给向不断向筒形模具14底部凸，两个旋轮在工件上表面，分别从工件的左右两周边向中心沿对称弧形进给挤压工件，工件在冲旋过程中随旋轮进给形成于旋轮轨迹一致的曲面形状，经多道次冲旋，最终精密创成高质量封头12’’。 The specific spinning method is: fix the workpiece 12 on the cylindrical mold 14, feed the rotary wheel 6 according to the trajectory of the head busbar, squeeze the workpiece 12, and gradually form the workpiece into a 12' shape; the workpiece follows the rotary wheel during the spinning process. 6. The feed direction is continuously convex toward the bottom of the cylindrical mold 14. Two rotary wheels are on the upper surface of the workpiece, respectively feeding and extruding the workpiece from the left and right sides of the workpiece to the center along a symmetrical arc. The feed is formed in the shape of the curved surface with the same track of the wheel, and after multiple passes of punching, the high-quality end cap 12'' is finally precisely created.
在大弓高比封头成形过程中，液压伸缩杆是非常必要的，可以实现旋轮垂直方向大行程进给，避免横梁大行程进给过程中与筒形模具发生机械干涉。 In the forming process of the head with large bow height ratio, the hydraulic telescopic rod is very necessary, which can realize the large stroke feed in the vertical direction of the rotary wheel, and avoid mechanical interference with the cylindrical mold during the large stroke feed process of the beam.
大径厚比大弓高比封头冲旋装置从运动角度来看分为：1.旋转运动；2.垂直方向运动；3.水平方向运动。旋转运动包括旋转台、筒形模具及工件三者相互连接在一起，同步转动；垂直方向运动包括横梁的垂直方向进给及旋轮垂直方向进给，旋轮在液压伸缩杆作用下的伸缩运动；水平方向运动是指旋轮支架、旋轮的水平进给。旋轮的垂直方向进给与旋轮水平方向的进给运动都是通过数控系统来完成的，通过编写程序，编好的程序下达给控制器，控制器以脉冲信号方式传递给步进电机驱动器，驱动器为步进电机提供电力，驱使步进电机完成要求的进给运动。程序控制弧线运动，工件在旋转台作用下做旋转运动，三个运动复合成球面螺旋运动 ，从而实现封头的成型。 From the perspective of movement, the head punching device with large diameter-thickness ratio and large bow-height ratio can be divided into: 1. Rotational movement; 2. Vertical movement; 3. Horizontal movement. The rotary movement includes the rotary table, the cylindrical mold and the workpiece, which are connected to each other and rotates synchronously; the vertical movement includes the vertical feed of the beam and the vertical feed of the rotary wheel, and the telescopic movement of the rotary wheel under the action of the hydraulic telescopic rod ; Horizontal movement refers to the horizontal feed of the rotary wheel bracket and rotary wheel. The vertical feed of the rotary wheel and the horizontal feed motion of the rotary wheel are both completed by the numerical control system. By writing the program, the programmed program is sent to the controller, and the controller transmits the pulse signal to the stepper motor driver. , the driver provides power to the stepper motor to drive the stepper motor to complete the required feed movement. The program controls the arc motion, the workpiece rotates under the action of the rotary table, and the three motions are combined into a spherical spiral motion, so as to realize the forming of the head.
所述封头冲旋成型装置的特点是不采用现有封头旋压设备工件中心约束，周边无约束自由变形的成形方式，而是采用工件周边施加约束固定的方式，改善了封头旋压过程中周边自由变形，不可控的缺点及工件容易发生变形失稳等工艺缺陷。从而能实现大径厚比大弓高比封头不失稳整体均匀成型。 The feature of the head punching and spinning forming device is that it does not use the existing head spinning equipment, which is constrained by the center of the workpiece, and the surrounding area is free to deform, but adopts a method of imposing constraints on the periphery of the workpiece, which improves the shape of the head spinning. Free deformation around the process, uncontrollable defects and process defects such as deformation and instability of the workpiece are prone to occur. In this way, the head with large diameter-to-thickness ratio and large bow-to-height ratio can be realized to be uniformly formed without losing stability.
所述的工件约束方式是通过环形压板配合螺栓将工件周边紧密固定在筒形模具上。 The workpiece restraint method is to tightly fix the periphery of the workpiece on the cylindrical mold through the ring-shaped pressing plate and the bolts.
所述的旋轮运动轨迹是通过电机带动垂直丝杠和水平丝杠转动从而推动横梁和旋轮架分别沿垂直和水平方向运动复合成封头母线轨迹。 The track of the rotary wheel is driven by the motor to rotate the vertical screw and the horizontal screw so as to push the beam and the rotary wheel frame to move in the vertical and horizontal directions respectively to form the track of the busbar of the head.
所述旋轮垂直方向能实现远行程进给，为了避免在进行大弓高（弓高：封头底部到顶部的垂直距离）封头成形进给过程中横梁与模具发生干涉，造成设备破坏。通过设计一套液压伸缩杆，以增加旋轮伸出长度，实现大弓高封头加工。 The vertical direction of the rotary wheel can realize long-stroke feeding, in order to avoid the interference between the beam and the mold during the feeding process of the large bow height (bow height: the vertical distance from the bottom of the head to the top) of the head, causing equipment damage. By designing a set of hydraulic telescopic rods to increase the extension length of the rotary wheel, the processing of large bow and high head can be realized.
所述工件的转动，是通过工件固定在筒形模具上，筒形模具安装在旋转台上，工件随旋转台转动来实现的。 The rotation of the workpiece is realized by fixing the workpiece on the cylindrical mold, the cylindrical mold is installed on the rotary table, and the workpiece rotates with the rotary table.
所述旋转台的转速是可以调节的，改变蜗轮蜗杆的传动比可以实现不同电机转速的输处。这对成形不同精度和效率的封头提供了方便。 The rotation speed of the rotary table can be adjusted, and the output of different motor rotation speeds can be realized by changing the transmission ratio of the worm gear. This provides convenience for forming heads with different precision and efficiency.
该装置突出优点是：采用不同于现有有模旋压机及二步法封头旋压机的工件中心约束，周边为自由端的设计方式，本设计设置的了筒形旋转工作台，利用环形压板和螺栓将工件的周边约束而中心不约束的方式成形大径厚比大弓高比封头。工件的装卡方法及工件周边的约束方式是本装置及旋压方法的突出特征。这样的约束方式给工件周边施加了有效外约束，改善了现有封头旋压装置工件周边无约束，工件周边自由变形不可控造成工件变形过程中容易起皱失稳的缺点。装置简单，无压鼓机、操作机、旋压翻边机，包括压鼓，翻边在内的所有工艺都可以在通过控制旋轮轨迹完成。旋轮在液压伸缩杆及横梁配合作用下能实现垂直方向大行程进给，实现加工大弓高封头。通过增加工件周边固定，形成有效约束，成形过程中工件周边不能自由变形，能很好抑制工件变形失稳现象。整个成形过程中，两个旋轮在工件上表面，分别从工件的左右两边向中心弧形进给，挤压工件,经多道次冲旋工件成型。 The outstanding advantages of this device are: it adopts the design method that the workpiece center is constrained differently from the existing die spinning machine and the two-step head spinning machine, and the periphery is a free end. The cylindrical rotary table is set in this design. The pressure plate and bolts form the head with large diameter-thickness ratio and large bow-height ratio by constraining the periphery of the workpiece and not constraining the center. The clamping method of the workpiece and the constraint mode around the workpiece are the prominent features of the device and the spinning method. Such a constraint method imposes effective external constraints on the periphery of the workpiece, which improves the shortcomings of the existing head spinning device that the periphery of the workpiece is unconstrained, and the free deformation of the periphery of the workpiece is uncontrollable, which causes the workpiece to wrinkle and become unstable during deformation. The device is simple, no pressure drum machine, manipulator, spinning flanging machine, all processes including drum pressing and flanging can be completed by controlling the wheel track. Under the cooperation of the hydraulic telescopic rod and the beam, the rotary wheel can realize the large-stroke feed in the vertical direction, and realize the processing of large bow and high head. By increasing the fixation around the workpiece to form effective constraints, the periphery of the workpiece cannot be freely deformed during the forming process, which can well suppress the deformation and instability of the workpiece. During the entire forming process, two rotary wheels are on the upper surface of the workpiece, respectively feeding in an arc from the left and right sides of the workpiece to the center, extruding the workpiece, and forming the workpiece through multiple passes.
利用大型有限元软件模拟本发明装置冲旋成型封头发现，封头直径约为3000mm，径厚比为550时成形过程稳定，工件表面未出现起皱失稳现象。由此对比可知：利用本发明的冲旋装置和冲旋方法加工大径厚比封头较有模旋压法有优势。同时在确定封头直径约为3000mm径厚比为300时，分别模拟不同弓高比封头有模旋压法成型和封头冲旋成型，发现利用有模旋压法成形封头时，当封头弓高比增加到1/5时，随旋轮进给的推进，工件刚度变小，工件边缘出现翘曲，而且翘曲成形过程中不消失积累严重，影响封头成形。由于本发明装置在分析有模旋压法翘曲原理的基础上，采用约束法抑制工件边缘刚度随旋轮进给迅速减少，本发明装置设计了工件周边约束，对工件周边施加有效外约束。利用本发明装置冲旋成形封头，封头弓高比达到1/3时，冲旋过程未见异样状况，成形过程稳定，工件变形流畅。由此对比可知：用本发明的冲旋装置和冲旋方法加工大弓高比封头较有模旋压法效果好。 Utilize large-scale finite element software to simulate the punching and spinning forming head of the device of the present invention and find that the diameter of the head is about 3000mm, the forming process is stable when the diameter-thickness ratio is 550, and there is no wrinkling and instability on the surface of the workpiece. From this comparison, it can be known that using the punching device and the punching method of the present invention to process the large-diameter-thickness ratio end cap has advantages compared with the mold spinning method. At the same time, the diameter of the head is determined to be about When the diameter-to-thickness ratio of 3000mm is 300, the molded spinning method and the head punching and spinning method of heads with different bow height ratios are simulated respectively. It is found that when the molded spinning method is used to form the head, when the bow height ratio of the head increases to 1 /5, with the advancement of the rotary wheel feed, the rigidity of the workpiece becomes smaller, and the edge of the workpiece warps, and the warpage does not disappear and accumulates seriously during the forming process, which affects the forming of the head. Based on the analysis of the warping principle of the molded spinning method, the device of the present invention adopts the constraint method to suppress the rapid decrease of the edge stiffness of the workpiece as the spinning wheel feeds. When the device of the present invention is used to punch and spin the head, when the bow-height ratio of the head reaches 1/3, there is no abnormal condition in the punching and spinning process, the forming process is stable, and the deformation of the workpiece is smooth. From this comparison, it can be seen that the effect of processing large bow height ratio heads with the punching device and the punching method of the present invention is better than that of the die spinning method.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1 是本发明封头冲旋装置的构示意图； Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the head punching device of the present invention;
图2 是本发明封头冲旋装置的工件工作状态局部示意图； Fig. 2 is a partial schematic view of the workpiece working state of the head punching device of the present invention;
图3 是本发明封头冲旋装置工件最终成型示意图。 Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the final forming of the workpiece of the head punching device of the present invention.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
本发明是一种大径厚比大弓高比大弓高封头冲旋成型装置 The invention is a punching and spinning device for a large diameter-thickness ratio, a large bow height ratio, and a high bow height.
参照图1，机床门架包括立柱1和顶梁3，顶梁3连接左右两立柱1，立柱槽内安装有垂直丝杆7和垂直步进电机8，垂直丝杠7连接横梁2，横梁2内分别安装有水平丝杠9和水平步进电机10，在横梁2上通过水平丝杆连接两个旋轮架4，旋轮架4下端安装有旋轮6，旋轮架4内置了液压伸缩杆结构5，工件12通过环形压板13和螺栓11固定在筒形模具上端面，筒形模具14装在旋转台15上，旋转台15的旋转主轴通过与蜗轮17连接，蜗杆16与涡轮17配合传递调节旋转台转速，旋转台15的旋转主轴通过圆柱滚子轴承18、套筒19、推力球轴承20安装在底座21上。 Referring to Figure 1, the machine tool gantry includes a column 1 and a top beam 3, the top beam 3 is connected to the left and right columns 1, a vertical screw 7 and a vertical stepping motor 8 are installed in the column groove, the vertical screw 7 is connected to the beam 2, and the beam 2 A horizontal lead screw 9 and a horizontal stepping motor 10 are respectively installed inside, and two wheel frames 4 are connected on the crossbeam 2 through a horizontal screw rod. The rod structure 5, the workpiece 12 is fixed on the upper end surface of the cylindrical mold through the annular pressure plate 13 and the bolt 11, the cylindrical mold 14 is installed on the rotary table 15, the rotating main shaft of the rotary table 15 is connected with the worm wheel 17, and the worm 16 cooperates with the turbine 17 The rotational speed of the rotating table is adjusted through transmission, and the rotating main shaft of the rotating table 15 is installed on the base 21 through the cylindrical roller bearing 18 , the sleeve 19 and the thrust ball bearing 20 .
参照图2，利用这种冲旋方法，通过将工件12固定在筒形模具14上，旋轮6按封头母线轨迹进给，挤压工件12逐渐将工件成形12’形状，多道次冲旋，最终成型大径厚比大弓高比封头12’’。 Referring to Fig. 2, by using this punching method, by fixing the workpiece 12 on the cylindrical mold 14, the rotary wheel 6 is fed according to the trajectory of the generatrix of the head, and the workpiece 12 is squeezed to gradually shape the workpiece into a 12' shape. Rotation, the final shape of the large diameter-thickness ratio, large bow-height ratio head 12''.
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| CN112474980A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-03-12 | 长沙超旋机械科技有限责任公司 | Uniform heating spinning device and spinning method for end socket piece |
| CN112496134A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-03-16 | 中南大学 | Spinning method of curved surface thin-wall end socket with flanging hole |
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Effective date of registration: 20180704 Address after: 410000 No. 1116, BCD tower, block BCD, business center, Lulong Road, 199 high tech Development Zone, Changsha, Hunan. Patentee after: Changsha super spin machinery technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 410000 Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, Yuelu District Patentee before: Central South University |