CN112427325A

CN112427325A - Rotten fruit selection device

Info

Publication number: CN112427325A
Application number: CN202011369538.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵俊芳; 吕银德; 秦令祥; 樊振江; 孟楠; 崔胜文; 丁昱婵
Original assignee: Luohe Vocational College of Food
Current assignee: Luohe Vocational College of Food
Priority date: 2020-11-30
Filing date: 2020-11-30
Publication date: 2021-03-02
Anticipated expiration: 2040-11-30
Also published as: CN112427325B

Abstract

The invention relates to a rotten fruit selecting device, which effectively solves the problems of inaccurate selection of various fruits and poor adaptability of selecting equipment; the technical scheme for solving the problem is that the device comprises a box body, wherein a rotating shaft is arranged in the middle of the box body, a sleeve is sleeved outside the rotating shaft, and a disc is coaxially fixed outside the sleeve; a plurality of through holes are uniformly distributed on the disc, and sleeves are arranged on the through holes; a plurality of positioning holes are formed in the outer edge surface of the sleeve; a supporting device is arranged below the through hole; the left side and the rear side of the disc are both provided with a detection device; the detection device comprises a fixed plate, wherein two sides of the fixed plate are respectively provided with a vertical plate; a plurality of probes capable of moving left and right synchronously and reversely are arranged on the left vertical plate and the right vertical plate, and the probes can penetrate through the positioning holes; the electrode tips of two of the upright poles are controlled by a controller, and the probes of the two detection devices are respectively connected to the two controllers; after one or more probes in the detection device are inserted into the fruit, the controller can control the corresponding electrode tips to be electrified, and the invention can realize omnibearing multipoint detection.

Description

Rotten fruit selection device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fruit processing, in particular to a rotten fruit selecting device.

Background

Bacteria can be generated after the fruits are rotten, the rotten parts are cut off in time, and the rest parts can not be eaten; therefore, before various fruits are processed, rotten fruits need to be selected, in the prior art, the fruits are generally selected and identified according to colors, the equipment is high in cost and inconvenient to maintain, the applicable range is limited, and the color of the possible outer skin of part of the fruits is not changed after the fruits are rotten. In addition, a part of devices adopt a pressure sensor mode to select the rotten fruits; however, for some fruits with uneven surfaces, such as durian and pineapple, the general pressing plate method is very easy to select accurately due to the special shape of the fruits. Meanwhile, because the fruits are various in types and different in shape and size, the fruits need to be set according to the characteristics of the fruits when being selected, so that the existing equipment is poor in adaptability, only one type of fruits can be selected, and the fruits cannot be adapted to various types of fruits; and the general detection mode is difficult to find aiming at the corruption of some small blocks.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the situation, the invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provide a rotten fruit selecting device which can effectively solve the problems of inaccurate selection of various fruits and poor adaptability of selecting equipment.

The technical scheme for solving the problem is that the device comprises a box body, wherein a vertical rotating shaft is arranged in the middle of the box body, a sleeve is sleeved outside the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft drives the sleeve to rotate intermittently through a sheave mechanism; a disc is coaxially fixed outside the sleeve; a plurality of through holes are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the disc, and a plurality of sleeves which correspond to the through holes one by one are arranged on the disc; a plurality of positioning holes are formed in the outer edge surface of each sleeve; a supporting device is arranged below each through hole;

the supporting device comprises a supporting disk fixed below the through hole, and a supporting rod capable of moving up and down and resetting upwards is arranged in the middle of the supporting disk; the upper end of the supporting rod is provided with a baffle plate arranged in the sleeve; the lower end of the supporting rod is arranged below the supporting disk and is fixed with a gear; a permanent magnet is fixed on the upper end surface of the gear; a plurality of upright posts are fixed on the outer circumference of the box body, and an upper electrode tip and a lower electrode tip which can be contacted with the annular electrode plate are arranged on each upright post;

a circular ring coaxial with the rotating shaft is fixed outside the box body, a section of rack capable of being meshed with the gear is arranged on the left rear side of the circular ring, and the rack can enable the gear to rotate; the left side and the rear side of the disc are both provided with a detection device; the detection device comprises a fixed plate arranged above the sleeve, and two vertical plates are arranged on two sides of the fixed plate respectively; a plurality of probes capable of moving left and right synchronously and reversely are arranged on the left vertical plate and the right vertical plate, and the probes can penetrate through the positioning holes; the electrode tips of two of the upright poles are controlled by a controller, and the probes of the two detection devices are respectively connected to the two controllers; after one or more probes in the detection device are inserted into the fruit, the controller can control the corresponding electrode tips to be electrified.

The invention has the advantages that:

1. the small bad blocks can be identified in an all-around detection and multi-point detection mode.

2. The fruit detector is suitable for detecting fruits with different sizes, shapes, colors and various unevenness.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the disc and the supporting device of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a top view of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 2.

Fig. 6 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 1 at B.

Detailed Description

The following describes in further detail embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the invention comprises a box body 1, wherein a vertical rotating shaft 2 is arranged in the middle of the box body 1, a sleeve 3 is sleeved outside the rotating shaft 2, and the rotating shaft 2 drives the sleeve 3 to rotate intermittently through a sheave mechanism 4; a disc 5 is coaxially fixed outside the sleeve 3; a plurality of through holes 6 are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the disc 5, and a plurality of sleeves 7 which are in one-to-one correspondence with the through holes 6 are arranged on the disc 5; a plurality of positioning holes 8 are formed in the outer edge surface of each sleeve 7; a supporting device 9 is arranged below each through hole 6;

the supporting device 9 comprises a supporting plate 901 fixed below the through hole 6, and a supporting rod 902 which can move up and down and reset upwards is arranged in the middle of the supporting plate 901; the upper end of the supporting rod 902 is provided with a baffle 903 arranged in the sleeve 7; the lower end of the supporting rod 902 is arranged below the supporting disk 901 and is fixed with a gear 904, the lower end face of the supporting disk 901 is fixed with an electromagnet 905, and the outer edge face of the supporting disk 901 is provided with an upper annular electrode sheet 906 and a lower annular electrode sheet 906; a permanent magnet 907 is fixed on the upper end surface of the gear 904; a plurality of upright posts 909 are fixed on the outer circumference of the box 1, and each upright post 909 is provided with an upper electrode head 908 and a lower electrode head 908 which can be in contact with the annular electrode plate 906;

a circular ring 10 coaxial with the rotating shaft 2 is fixed outside the box body 1, a section of rack 11 capable of being meshed with the gear 904 is arranged on the left rear side of the circular ring 10, and the rack 11 can enable the gear 904 to rotate by 90 degrees; the left side and the rear side of the disc 5 are both provided with a detection device 12; the detection device 12 comprises a fixed plate 1201 arranged above the casing 7, and two sides of the fixed plate 1201 are respectively provided with a vertical plate 1202; a plurality of probes 1203 capable of synchronously moving left and right in opposite directions are arranged on the left vertical plate 1202 and the right vertical plate 1202, and the probes 1203 can penetrate through the positioning holes 8; the electrode heads 908 of two of the multiple uprights 909 are controlled by the controller 1204, and the probes 1203 of the two detection devices 12 are respectively connected to the two controllers 1204; after one or more probes 1203 in the detection device 12 are inserted into the fruit, the controller 1204 can control the corresponding electrode head 908 to be electrified.

In order to realize that the controller 1204 can control the corresponding electrodes to be electrified after one or more probes 1203 in the detection device 12 are inserted into the fruit, a sensor is mounted at the end part of the probe 1203, and the sensor is a humidity sensor, a sweetness sensor or a pH value sensor.

In order to fix the fixing plate 1201 conveniently, a bracket 1205 is installed at the left rear side of the box body 1, and the fixing plates 1201 of the two detection devices 12 are fixed on the bracket 1205.

In order to realize that the probes 1203 on the left side and the right side of each detection device 12 can synchronously move left and right reversely, the fixing plate 1201 is provided with the telescopic frame 1206, the left end and the right end of the telescopic frame 1206 are hinged with a vertical shifting block 1207, the probes 1203 on the left side and the right side penetrate through the left shifting block 1207 and the right shifting block 1207 respectively, and the outer end of each probe 1203 is connected with a tension spring 1208 with the shifting block 1207.

In order to realize automatic detection, the upper end of the rotating shaft 2 is provided with an eccentric wheel 13, a shifting block 1207 close to the eccentric wheel 13 in each detection device 12 is provided with a squeezing plate 1209, and two sides of the squeezing plate 1209 are fixedly connected with two sides of the shifting block 1207 through side plates. The eccentric wheels 13 rotate to respectively press the pressing plates 1209 of the two detection devices 12, and then the shifting blocks 1207 close to the eccentric wheels 13 in each detection device 12 are pressed to move towards the corresponding sleeve 7.

In order to realize matching, the number of the sleeves 7 is four, and the rotating shaft 2 drives the sleeve 3 and the disc 5 to rotate for 90 degrees each time through the sheave mechanism 4; the uprights 909 are also arranged four at the front, rear, left, and right, respectively, wherein the electrodes on the front upright 909 are not energized, the electrodes on the right upright 909 are energized, and the electrodes on the left and rear uprights 909 are controlled by two controllers 1204, respectively.

In order to reset the supporting rod 902, a pressure spring 910 is sleeved on the supporting rod 902.

In order to avoid the support device 9 blocking the fruit from falling, the lower end faces of the support plate 901 and the disc 5 in the support device 9 are connected through a connecting rod.

When the device is used, in an initial state, due to the setting of the geneva mechanism 4, the four sleeves 7 on the disc 5 can rotate to the front, back, left and right directions every time, and meanwhile, because the disc 5 rotates once every time the rotating shaft 2 rotates for one circle, the disc 5 rotates for 90 degrees every time, the sleeve 7 in front can be defined as a feeding station, and the sleeves 7 in left and back are positioned as a left detection station and a back detection station; while the right sleeve 7 is defined as the discharge station.

Because the supporting device 9 is arranged below each sleeve 7, each supporting device 9 is provided with a supporting disk 901, each supporting disk 901 is provided with an upper annular electrode plate 906 and a lower annular electrode plate 906, and the periphery of the disc 5, namely the front, the rear, the left and the right, is provided with a vertical rod 909 provided with an electrode head 908; wherein the electrode head 908 on the upright 909 corresponding to the feeding station is in a normally off state, and the electrode heads 908 on the upright 909 corresponding to the left detection station and the rear detection station are respectively controlled by the controllers 1204 of the two detection devices 12; and the electrode head 908 on the upright 909 corresponding to the discharge station is in a normally-on state.

Therefore, after the apples enter the sleeve 7 from the feeding station, the baffle 903 in the supporting device 9 is in a state of supporting the fruits because the supporting plate of the feeding station is not electrified, and the fruits can be supported by the baffle 903 and placed in the sleeve 7 without falling; aiming at fruits with different sizes, the force of the spring is enough, so that the fruits can be stably supported; meanwhile, the permanent magnet 907 can attract the electromagnet 905 to increase the supporting force, and meanwhile, in order to facilitate the rotation of the supporting rod 902, a layer of sliding pad can be attached to one face, in contact with the electromagnet 905, of the permanent magnet 907, so that the supporting rod 902 can rotate relatively.

After the rotating shaft 2 rotates for a circle, the fruits are shifted to the left detection station from the feeding station, the disc 5 stops rotating at the moment, and in the next rotation period of the rotating shaft 2, the eccentric wheel 13 on the rotating shaft 2 extrudes the detection device 12 on the left detection station, so that the extrusion plate 1209 drives one shifting block 1207 in the detection device 12 to move towards the fruits; in addition, as the expansion bracket 1206 is connected between the left shifting block 1207 and the right shifting block 1207 in each detection device 12, the left shifting block 1207 and the right shifting block 1207 can synchronously extrude the fruits; because the tension spring 1208 is connected between the shifting block 1207 and the probe 1203, the probe 1203 is driven by the shifting block 1207 to extrude the fruit; the probe 1203 passes through the positioning hole 8 on the sleeve 7 and is pressed on the outer surface of the fruit, if the fruit is not rotted, the part is hard, and the probe 1203 cannot be inserted into the fruit; if a part of the fruit is rotted, the strength of the part of the fruit is reduced, and the probe 1203 can be inserted into the fruit; the sensor at the end of the probe 1203 is also placed inside the fruit; according to the different of the characteristic of fruit, through setting up different sensors, can realize the action of sensor. For example, according to the pH value of the fruit, after the probe 1203 is placed inside the fruit, the sensor can judge according to the pH value; or a universal humidity sensor, or weak conductivity, and the like, and in addition, in order to avoid interfering with the next detection, the whole device can be placed in a dry environment, or a blower is arranged to clean the probe 1203, so that the next accurate detection is facilitated.

If the fruit rot is detected at the left detection station, the controller 1204 can electrify the electrode head 908 on the vertical rod 909 at the left side, electrify the electromagnet 905 in the supporting device 9 at the left side, and at the moment, the electromagnet 905 can push the permanent magnet 907 to move downwards, so that the supporting rod 902 moves downwards; at the same time, the baffle 903 will also move downwards to be separated from the sleeve 7, so that the baffle 903 is lower than the disc 5, and the fruit will fall from the space between the baffle 903 and the disc 5 and then roll from the supporting device 9; wherein, the support plate 901 of the support device 9 is connected with the lower end face of the disc 5 through a connecting rod, so that the fruit is not blocked from falling.

If no bad block is found after the detection of the left detection station; then with the next rotation of the disc 5, the fruit is moved to the post-detection work again; and during the movement, the gear 904 in the supporting device 9 will be engaged with the rack 11 on the circular ring 10, so that the gear 904 is rotated by 90 degrees; so that the supporting rod 902 and the baffle 903 rotate 90 degrees, and the fruit also rotates 90 degrees; then the opposite side direction of the fruit can be detected by the detection device 12 on the rear detection station; thus, the omnibearing detection is realized. In a similar way, if detect bad piece, then fruit can drop, if can not detect, then fruit can continue to rotate to the row material station on right side.

Since the electrode head 908 of the corresponding upright 909 at the right discharge station is always energized, once the supporting device 9 rotates to the right, the electromagnet 905 on the supporting device 9 is energized, so that the fruit falls out.

In conclusion, with the rotation of the rotating shaft 2, the fruit can rotate clockwise around the disc 5, and simultaneously, different angles of the fruit are detected at the left detection station and the right detection station respectively; if a bad block is found, dropping the fruit, and if no bad block is generated, dropping the fruit from the right side; thereby realizing automatic sorting; corresponding receiving conveyor belts or receiving trays are arranged below the front, the back, the left and the right in four directions, so that the collection can be conveniently carried out.

This device is because four stations carry out the rotation and detect, consequently can realize streamlined detection, only need drop into fruit one by feeding station promptly, then along with the rotation of disc 5, both can realize automatic detection and letter sorting, improved efficiency, alleviateed the manpower.

The device detects fruit rot by arranging a plurality of probes 1203 at the left side and the right side; the probe 1203 is inserted into a soft part to judge, so that the method is simple and accurate; the adaptability is strong; can be compatible with the detection of various fruits with different sizes and uneven surfaces.

This device detects the station through setting up a left side and detects the station after with, through the rotation of disc 5, can realize detecting the station after fruit is removed by left side detection station, and fruit is automatic to rotate 90 degrees to can realize two detections station to the not detection in same position of fruit, form omnidirectional detection then, avoid having the condition of lou examining.

This device passes through the mode of probe 1203, can detect to the bad piece in some small regions, avoids adopting traditional push type, can not detect the problem of little bad piece.

Claims

1. A rotten fruit selecting device comprises a box body (1) and is characterized in that a vertical rotating shaft (2) is installed in the middle of the box body (1), a sleeve (3) is sleeved outside the rotating shaft (2), and the rotating shaft (2) drives the sleeve (3) to rotate intermittently through a sheave mechanism (4); a disc (5) is coaxially fixed outside the sleeve (3); a plurality of through holes (6) are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the disc (5), and a plurality of sleeves (7) which are in one-to-one correspondence with the through holes (6) are arranged on the disc (5); a plurality of positioning holes (8) are formed in the outer edge surface of each sleeve (7); a supporting device (9) is arranged below each through hole (6);

the supporting device (9) comprises a supporting plate (901) fixed below the through hole (6), and a supporting rod (902) which can move up and down and reset upwards is arranged in the middle of the supporting plate (901); the upper end of the supporting rod (902) is provided with a baffle plate (903) arranged in the sleeve (7); the lower end of the supporting rod (902) is arranged below the supporting disk (901) and is fixed with a gear (904), the lower end face of the supporting disk (901) is fixed with an electromagnet (905), and the outer edge face of the supporting disk (901) is provided with an upper annular electrode sheet (906) and a lower annular electrode sheet (906); a permanent magnet (907) is fixed on the upper end surface of the gear (904); a plurality of upright posts (909) are fixed on the outer circumference of the box body (1), and each upright post (909) is provided with an upper electrode head (908) and a lower electrode head (908) which can be contacted with the annular electrode plate (906);

a circular ring (10) coaxial with the rotating shaft (2) is fixed outside the box body (1), a section of rack (11) capable of being meshed with the gear (904) is arranged at the left rear side of the circular ring (10), and the gear (904) can be rotated by 90 degrees by the rack (11); a detection device (12) is arranged on the left side and the rear side of the disc (5); the detection device (12) comprises a fixing plate (1201) arranged above the sleeve (7), and two sides of the fixing plate (1201) are respectively provided with a vertical plate (1202); a plurality of probes (1203) capable of synchronously moving left and right in opposite directions are arranged on the left vertical plate (1202) and the right vertical plate (1202), and the probes (1203) can penetrate through the positioning holes (8); the electrode heads (908) of two of the upright poles (909) are controlled by a controller (1204), and the probes (1203) of the two detection devices (12) are respectively connected to the two controllers (1204); after one or more probes (1203) in the detection device (12) are inserted into the fruit, the controller (1204) can control the corresponding electrode head (908) to be electrified.

2. A device for selecting rotten fruit according to claim 1, characterized in that the probe (1203) is provided with a sensor at its end, of the type humidity or sweetness or PH.

3. A rotten fruit selection device according to claim 1, characterized in that a bracket (1205) is installed at the left rear of the box body (1), and the fixing plates (1201) of the two detection devices (12) are fixed on the bracket (1205).

4. A rotten fruit selecting device according to claim 1, wherein the fixing plate (1201) is provided with a telescopic frame (1206), the left end and the right end of the telescopic frame (1206) are respectively hinged with a vertical shifting block (1207), probes (1203) on the left side and the right side respectively penetrate through the left shifting block (1207) and the right shifting block (1207), and a tension spring (1208) is connected between the outer end of each probe (1203) and the shifting block (1207).

5. A rotten fruit selection device according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper end of the rotating shaft (2) is provided with an eccentric wheel (13), each detection device (12) is provided with a squeezing plate (1209) on a shifting block (1207) close to the eccentric wheel (13), and two sides of the squeezing plate (1209) are fixedly connected with two sides of the shifting block (1207) through side plates.

6. The eccentric wheels (13) can rotate to respectively extrude the extrusion plates (1209) of the two detection devices (12), and then the shifting block (1207) close to the eccentric wheels (13) in each detection device (12) is extruded to move towards the corresponding sleeve (7).

7. A rotten fruit sorting device according to claim 1, wherein the number of the sleeves (7) is four, and the rotating shaft (2) drives the sleeve (3) and the disc (5) to rotate 90 degrees each time through the sheave mechanism (4); the uprights (909) are also arranged four at the front, back, left and right, respectively, wherein the electrodes on the front upright (909) are not energized, the electrodes on the right upright (909) are energized, and the electrodes on the left and rear uprights (909) are controlled by two controllers (1204), respectively.

8. A device for selecting rotten fruit according to claim 1, wherein the supporting rod (902) is provided with a compression spring (910).

9. A device for selecting rotten fruit according to claim 1, characterized in that the support plate (901) of the support device (9) is connected to the lower end of the disc (5) by a connecting rod.