CN112425319B

CN112425319B - Punching mechanism

Info

Publication number: CN112425319B
Application number: CN202011448722.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 储茂娟
Original assignee: Yuexi Shennongshi Agricultural Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Yuexi Shennongshi Agricultural Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-12-11
Filing date: 2020-12-11
Publication date: 2021-11-02
Anticipated expiration: 2040-12-11
Also published as: CN112425319A

Abstract

The invention relates to a punching mechanism which comprises punching assemblies, wherein each punching assembly is provided with an inverted conical outer contour, the lower ends of the punching assemblies form sharp shapes penetrating into a matrix, the middle parts of the punching assemblies are provided with channels for seeds to pass through, the channels penetrate through the punching assemblies from top to bottom, and the punching assemblies are installed in a lifting mode. The invention can realize automatic batch punching on the substrate and automatic introduction of the sowed seeds into the punched sowing holes, simplifies the sowing operation, ensures that the punched seeds can fall into the punched holes and ensures that the sowing depth of each seed is consistent.

Description

Punching mechanism

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of automatic sowing equipment, in particular to a punching mechanism.

Background

Seedling is an important production process in agriculture and forestry production, namely, seeds are sown in soil/matrix and are allowed to germinate and grow into seedlings. The sowing process needs to put seeds into soil/matrix and bury the seeds, and the traditional sowing process completely depends on manual work, and has slow operation and low accuracy, in particular to the sowing operation of large-batch sowing and the sowing operation of some seeds with smaller sizes. Therefore, there is a need to provide a more reliable sowing apparatus.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a seeder, which can realize automatic seeding treatment of seeds.

A disseminator, characterized in that: including movable mounting the seeding groove in the seeding frame, the limit portion of seeding groove is provided with the seed storage room, is provided with on the seed storage room and makes the seed shift out, the indoor cloth kind mouth of immigration seed storage, is provided with on seed storage room and/or the seeding groove and prevents that the seeding groove from changing the in-process seed at the gesture and shift out the leak protection kind mechanism to the region outside seed storage room and the seeding groove, is provided with seed storage portion on the tank bottom surface of seeding groove, seed storage portion on have a kind of cavity of depositing that is used for the holding seed, still be provided with on seed storage portion and assist the seed to get into and/or shift out the mechanism of moving out kind of cavity, the seeding groove is in two kinds of states:

the method comprises the following steps: the groove opening of the sowing groove is arranged upwards, the groove bottom surface of the sowing groove swings, and seeds in the seed storage chamber are distributed at the groove bottom of the sowing groove and roll on the groove bottom surface along with the swinging of the groove bottom surface so as to fall into the seed storage cavity which is not filled with the seeds;

the second is as follows: the notch of seeding groove is downward, arranges the matrix frame that waits to carry out the seeding in the below of seeding groove for deposit the seed in the kind cavity and shift to the matrix frame and sow.

The specific scheme is as follows: the seed storage cavities are arranged at the bottom of the sowing groove in an array shape.

The seeding groove rotates the installation through the axis of rotation that the level set up on the seeding frame, and the groove edge portion that is on a parallel with the axis of rotation on the seeding groove sets up the seed storage room, stores up the length direction setting of the mouth of planting along the axis of rotation on the seed storage room, and the size of the tank bottom of the range of arrangement of planting and seeding groove of planting that moves the mouth is unanimous along axis of rotation length direction.

The leak-proof mechanism comprises a seed leakage-proof plate arranged on the groove wall on one side of the sowing groove, the groove wall used for assembling the seed leakage-proof plate on the sowing groove is marked as an A groove wall, the seed leakage-proof plate is provided with a first plate body part, a second plate body part and a third plate body part, the first plate body part and the groove bottom of the sowing groove are oppositely arranged at intervals, the second plate body part and the A groove wall are oppositely arranged at intervals, the third plate body and the groove bottom of the sowing groove are arranged in an included angle manner, the third plate body is positioned between the first plate body and the groove bottom of the sowing groove, one side edge part of the first plate body part is fixedly connected with the A groove wall, the edge part of the second plate body, which is far away from the groove bottom of the sowing groove, is connected with the other side edge part of the first plate body, the edge part of the second plate body, which is close to the groove bottom of the sowing groove, is connected with the edge part, which is close to the A groove wall, the edge part of the third plate body is arranged in a suspension manner, the groove wall and the groove wall corresponding to the first plate body are enclosed to form the seed storage chamber, the interval area between the hanging edge part of the third plate body and the bottom of the sowing groove forms the seed distributing opening.

The seed storage cavity is movably arranged on the bottom of the sowing groove along the groove depth direction of the sowing groove.

The lower side of the seeding groove is provided with a support frame mechanism for supporting and supporting the matrix frame, the support frame mechanism comprises a movable bracket which is installed in a sliding mode along the horizontal direction, a supporting plate used for jacking the matrix frame is arranged on the movable bracket, and the supporting plate is installed in the movable support frame in a lifting mode.

The seed transferring mechanism consists of an air charging and discharging assembly which is communicated and connected with each seed storage cavity.

The bottom of the seeding groove is provided with assembly holes in an array manner, a seeding pipe movably assembled along the groove depth direction of the seeding groove is arranged in the assembly holes, and the pipe length direction of the seeding pipe is consistent with the groove depth direction of the seeding groove.

Each seeding pipe all assembles on the seeding moving part, and the seeding moving part is along the groove depth direction movable mounting of seeding groove.

The seeding moving part is provided with a gas chamber, each seeding pipe is communicated and connected with the gas chamber, and the gas chamber is connected with the gas charging and discharging assembly.

A punching mechanism for punching holes on the matrix is also arranged between the sowing groove and the movable bracket.

The movable bracket is arranged on the movable bracket in two states, one is that: the movable bracket and the punching mechanism are positioned below the sowing groove, and the movable bracket and the punching mechanism are as follows: the movable bracket and the punching mechanism move out of the lower side of the seeding groove.

The seeding rack is also provided with a seed receiving groove, the height of the seed receiving groove is smaller than that of the movable bracket, and the seed receiving groove collects the seeds with the excessive number falling in the seed storage cavity.

The invention also provides a seed storing part, wherein the seed storing part is provided with a seed storing cavity for accommodating seeds, one end of the seed storing cavity is provided with a seed opening for enabling the seeds to enter and move out of the seed storing cavity, and the other end of the seed storing cavity is connected with a seed moving mechanism for assisting the seeds to enter and move out of the seed storing cavity.

The specific scheme is as follows: the other end of the seed storage cavity is provided with a first air inlet and outlet nozzle, and the seed moving mechanism comprises a first air charging and discharging assembly connected with the first air inlet and outlet nozzle.

The seed storage cavity is formed by a tube cavity of a movably assembled seeding tube.

The section of the tube cavity of the seeding tube is circular or quasi-circular.

The cross section of the seed storage cavity is consistent with the size of the outer contour of a single seed.

The seeding pipe is also provided with a second air inlet and outlet nozzle, the second air inlet and outlet nozzle is connected with a second air charging and outlet assembly, the number of seeds which can be accommodated in the space of the seed storage cavity between the second air charging and outlet nozzle and the first air charging and outlet nozzle is consistent with the number of seeds preserved in the seed storage cavity in a preset mode, the air inlet and outlet direction of the first air inlet and outlet nozzle is consistent with the length direction of the seed storage cavity, and the air inlet and outlet direction of the second air inlet and outlet nozzle is intersected with the length direction of the seed storage cavity in a distributed mode.

The second air inlet and outlet nozzles are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the seed storage cavity, and the second air inlet and outlet nozzles at corresponding positions are selected by the second air charging and outlet assembly according to the number of seeds to be stored for connection.

A buffer structure used for relieving the shifting of the seeds in the seed storage cavity from the seed storage cavity is arranged in the seed storage cavity.

The cavity of the seed storage cavity is curved, and the curved shape forms a buffer structure for moving the seeds out of the seed storage cavity.

The outer side of the seed storage cavity is also provided with a guide cavity, the section size of the guide cavity is larger than that of the seed storage cavity, and the cavity channel of the guide cavity is trumpet-shaped and the size of one end far away from the seed storage cavity is larger.

The stiff end of seeding pipe is installed at the seeding moving part, and the pipe shaft of seeding pipe is divided into anterior segment and back end by nose end to stiff end in proper order, and the guide cavity sets up at the anterior segment, deposits kind of cavity and sets up at the back end, and detachable being equipped with the pipe casing on the back end, exists between pipe casing and the back end pipe shaft and is used for arranging the second that advances the exhaust nozzle and be linked together and be connected and connect tracheal space, and the outline behind the back end assembly pipe casing keeps unanimous with the anterior segment.

The seeding moving part is provided with two first air chambers and two second air chambers which are separated from each other, each first air inlet and outlet nozzle is communicated with each first air chamber through a first connecting air pipe, each second air inlet and outlet nozzle is communicated with each second air chamber through a second connecting air pipe, the first air charging and discharging assembly and the second air charging and discharging assembly respectively comprise a first fan and a second fan, air inlet and outlet pipelines on the first fan and the second fan are respectively communicated with the first air chamber and the second air chamber through connecting pipelines and pipeline conducting adjusting valves, the first fan and the second fan are also connected with a regulating and controlling device, and the regulating and controlling device regulates and controls the running states of the first fan and the second fan which are respectively communicated with the adjusting valves.

The rear section of the sowing pipe is fixedly connected with the sowing moving part through a connecting pipe section, and the sowing moving part is connected with a sowing adjusting part for adjusting the sowing moving part to move. The seeding adjusting part can be specifically an adjusting electric cylinder.

The invention also provides a punching mechanism which comprises each punching assembly, wherein the punching assembly is provided with an inverted conical outer contour, the lower end of the punching assembly is in a pointed shape penetrating into the matrix, the middle part of the punching assembly is provided with a channel for seeds to pass through, the channel penetrates through the punching assembly from top to bottom, and the punching assembly is installed in a lifting mode.

The specific scheme is as follows: the seeding machine comprises a punching frame, wherein the punching frame is movably arranged on a seeding rack along the vertical direction, and a punching assembly is assembled on the punching frame.

The punching components are arranged on the punching frame in an array shape.

The punching assembly is composed of a first punching piece and a second punching piece which are arranged oppositely, a channel for seeds to pass through is formed by enclosing between the first punching piece and the second punching piece, the middle parts of the first punching piece and the second punching piece are hinged to be installed on the punching frame, the first punching piece and the second punching piece are vertical groove-shaped, the groove width of the first punching piece and the groove width of the second punching piece are gradually reduced from top to bottom, and the punching frame is provided with a mouth opening mechanism for adjusting the first punching piece and the second punching piece to rotate around a hinged shaft.

The first punching piece in the same row is connected through the first strip-shaped piece, the second punching piece in the same row is connected through the second strip-shaped piece, the mouth opening mechanism is connected with the first strip-shaped piece and the second strip-shaped piece, and the mouth opening mechanism adjusts the first strip-shaped piece and the second strip-shaped piece to be close to and far away from each other.

The mouth opening mechanism comprises a mouth opening driving piece and a first transmission piece and a second transmission piece, wherein the first transmission piece is arranged perpendicular to the first strip-shaped piece, the second transmission piece is arranged perpendicular to the second strip-shaped piece, each first transition transmission piece is arranged on the first transmission piece at intervals, each first transition transmission piece is arranged corresponding to each first strip-shaped piece respectively, each second transition transmission piece is arranged on the second transmission piece at intervals, each second transition transmission piece is arranged corresponding to each second strip-shaped piece respectively, two ends of each first transition transmission piece are connected with the first transmission piece and the first strip-shaped piece in an articulated mode respectively, and two ends of each second transition transmission piece are connected with the second transmission piece and the second strip-shaped piece in an articulated mode respectively.

The first transmission pieces are two, the two first transmission pieces are located at two ends of the first strip-shaped piece respectively, the two second transmission pieces are located at two ends of the second strip-shaped piece respectively, the two first transmission pieces are connected through the first connecting piece, the two second transmission pieces are connected through the second connecting piece, the mouth opening driving piece is connected with the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece, and the first transmission piece and the second transmission piece are movably installed along the body length direction of the first transmission piece and the second transmission piece respectively.

The first and second connecting pieces are respectively provided with a first and second nuts, the mouth opening driving piece comprises a mouth opening driving motor and a mouth opening screw rod in transmission connection with the mouth opening driving motor, the mouth opening screw rod is provided with a first and second screw thread sections, the rotating directions of the first and second screw thread sections are opposite, and the first and second screw thread sections respectively form a screw rod nut mechanism together with the first and second nuts.

The mouth opening mechanism comprises a mouth opening driving part and two mouth adjusting parts, the two mouth adjusting parts are perpendicular to the first strip-shaped part and the second strip-shaped part, the two mouth adjusting parts are located at two ends of the first strip-shaped part and the second strip-shaped part, mouth opening adjusting blocks of reversed triangles are respectively arranged on the two mouth adjusting parts, the mouth opening adjusting blocks downwards abut against the first strip-shaped part and the second strip-shaped part in the same group to be mutually far away, and the mouth opening driving part adjusts the two mouth adjusting parts to move up and down.

The invention also provides a sowing method, which comprises the steps of screening seeds with basically consistent sizes, placing the screened seeds in the seed storage chamber, adjusting the notch of the sowing groove to face upwards, swinging the sowing groove in a reciprocating manner to enable the seeds to be distributed in each seed storage cavity on the bottom of the sowing groove, then adjusting the notch of the sowing groove to face downwards, placing a matrix frame to be sown below the sowing groove, and then adjusting the seed storage cavities to enable the seeds in the seed storage cavities to fall and be distributed in the matrix frame below to sow.

Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: before sowing, the matrix in the matrix frame is punched, and then seeds are sown in the holes.

The second air inlet and outlet nozzles at different positions are adjusted to be connected with the second connecting air pipe, so that the seeds with different quantities in the seed storage cavity can be selected and stored.

The frame that will punch is installed in the top of activity bracket, inserts the matrix frame on the activity bracket, adjusts the frame that punches and goes down, and the subassembly that punches to the matrix, then with activity bracket, matrix frame and the frame that punches together push away the downside of sowing the groove for deposit kind of cavity and punch the subassembly upper and lower corresponding and arrange, then shift the seed to the matrix frame in.

The lower extreme separation of two punching pieces is adjusted in the subassembly that punches after inserting in the matrix, and the seed shifts out movable bracket, matrix frame and the frame that punches and plants the downside that the seeding groove in back, maintains that the piece lower extreme that punches is in the separation form, and the lifting frame that punches makes punching subassembly and matrix separation, after separating completely, the lower extreme of the piece that punches is close to each other and resumes initial condition.

The lower side of the sowing groove is provided with a seed receiving groove, the height of the seed receiving groove is smaller than that of the movable bracket, and the seed receiving groove collects the seeds with the excessive number falling in the seed storage cavity.

When the sowing groove is swung in a reciprocating manner, the first air inlet and outlet nozzle is adjusted to suck air, and the second air inlet and outlet nozzle does not suck or blow air.

And in the process of turning from the notch upwards to the notch downwards, the first air inlet and outlet nozzle is adjusted to not suck or blow air, and the second air inlet and outlet nozzle blows or sucks air.

When the seeds are distributed in the matrix frame, the first air inlet and outlet nozzle is adjusted to blow air, and the second air inlet and outlet nozzle neither sucks nor blows air.

Before the seeds are arranged in the substrate frame, the sowing movable piece is adjusted to move downwards, so that the sowing pipe moves downwards and is arranged correspondingly to the upper end of the punching assembly.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the technical effects that: the seeding machine can realize the rapid seeding of a plurality of seeding positions simultaneously, and improve the seeding efficiency and accuracy. Reduce intensity of labour, the movable bracket who adopts movable installation bears the weight of matrix frame makes seeding groove below can set to the unloading structure and satisfy seeding groove pivoted space demand, has reduced the height of the seed whereabouts between seeding groove and the matrix frame, improves the reliability of seeding. The automatic retention of the variable number of the sowing seeds is realized, the sowing requirements of different numbers are met, the number of the seeds is retained reliably, and the accuracy is good. The whole structure is simple, and the change operation is convenient. And realize automatic punching in batches above the matrix to and with the automatic leading-in to the seeding of seeding downthehole, simplify the seeding operation, guarantee simultaneously that the back seed that punches can fall to the downthehole of hitting, guarantee that the depth of planting of every seed is unanimous.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a sowing apparatus;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a swing cloth seed arrangement structure;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a structure in a punching state;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the substrate frame pushed into the underside of the sowing groove;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a structure of sowing from a lower position to a lower position in the sowing cavity;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the sowing groove;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a seeding chamber;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a hole punch mechanism;

description of the figure numbers:

100-a seeding rack, 110-a seeding groove, 111-a first plate body part, 112-a second plate body part, 113-a third plate body part, 114-a seeding chamber, 115-a seed distributing port, 116-a groove wall, 120-a seeding pipe, 121-a front section, 122-a rear section, 123-a connecting pipe section, 12 a-a first air inlet and outlet nozzle, 12 b-a second air inlet and outlet nozzle, 131-a first air chamber, 132-a second air chamber, 13 a-a first connecting air pipe, 13 b-a second connecting air pipe, 140-a seed collecting groove, 150-a punching mechanism, 151-a first punching part, 152-a second punching part, 15 a-a first transmission part, 15 b-a second transmission part and 160-a matrix frame.

Detailed Description

In order that the objects and advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood, the invention will now be described in detail with reference to the following examples. It is to be understood that the following text is merely illustrative of one or more specific embodiments of the invention and does not strictly limit the scope of the invention as specifically claimed.

As used herein, the terms "parallel," "perpendicular," and the like are not limited to their strict geometric definition, but include tolerances for machining or human error, reasonable and inconsistent.

As shown in fig. 1-8, a seeder, including movable mounting seeding groove 110 on seeding frame 100, the limit portion of seeding groove 110 is provided with the seed storage room, the last seed mouth 115 that arranges that makes the seed shift out, immigration seed storage room that is provided with of seed storage room, be provided with on seed storage room and/or the seeding groove 110 and prevent that seeding groove 110 from shifting out the leak protection mechanism to the region outside seed storage room and seeding groove 110 at gesture change in-process seed, be provided with seed storage portion on the tank bottom surface of seeding groove 110, seed storage portion on have the seed storage cavity that is used for the holding seed, seed storage portion on still be provided with supplementary seed entering and/or shift out the mechanism of moving out seed storage cavity, seeding groove 110 is in two kinds of states:

the method comprises the following steps: the notch of the sowing groove 110 is arranged upwards, the bottom surface of the sowing groove 110 swings, and the seeds in the seed storage chamber are distributed at the bottom of the sowing groove 110 and roll on the bottom surface of the groove along with the swinging of the bottom surface of the groove so as to fall into a seed storage cavity which is not filled with the seeds;

the second is as follows: the notch of seeding groove 110 is downward, arranges the matrix frame that waits to carry out the seeding in the below of seeding groove 110 for deposit the seed in the kind of cavity and shift to the matrix frame and sow.

The specific scheme is as follows: the seed storage cavities are arranged in array at the bottom of the sowing groove 110.

In the above-mentioned scheme, put the seed in the seed storage room, like this when the 110 notch of seeding groove up, the seed in the seed storage room removes to the groove bottom of seeding groove 110, through reciprocal swing seeding groove 110, the seed on the tank bottom will fill the kind of cavity of depositing on the tank bottom like this, the place location that the rotation along with seeding groove 110 made the area seeding on the matrix frame of deposit kind cavity and downside when these kind of cavity of depositing that are filled with the seed corresponds, then shift the corresponding place on the matrix with the seed, thereby realize simultaneously sowing a plurality of seeding departments fast, efficiency and rate of accuracy are improved.

The matrix frame 160 is divided into or provided with a plurality of to-be-sowed points arranged in an array shape, and the to-be-sowed points are arranged corresponding to the seed storage cavities arranged in the sowing grooves above the to-be-sowed points.

As shown in fig. 6, the sowing groove 110 is rotatably installed through a rotation shaft horizontally arranged on the sowing frame 100, a seed storage chamber is arranged on a groove edge portion of the sowing groove 110 arranged parallel to the rotation shaft, a seed moving port on the seed storage chamber is arranged along the length direction of the rotation shaft, and the arrangement range of the seed moving port is consistent with the size of the groove bottom of the sowing groove 110 along the length direction of the rotation shaft.

The installation is rotated to the level, but guarantees the regulation demand of swing demand compromise notch orientation simultaneously. Through the control of the length range of the seed transferring port, the seed storing cavities at any position on the bottom of the sowing groove 110 can be quickly and reliably filled with seeds, the operation time for swinging and filling the seeds is shortened, and the filling reliability is improved. Specifically, the sowing groove 110 is rotatably installed through two trunnions, and the trunnions can be formed by hollow pipes and are respectively communicated with a first air chamber, a second air chamber and an air charging and discharging assembly.

The leak-proof mechanism comprises a leak-proof seed plate arranged on the groove wall at one side of the sowing groove 110, the groove wall used for assembling the leak-proof seed plate on the sowing groove 110 is marked as an A groove wall 116, the leak-proof seed plate is provided with a first plate body part 111, a second plate body part 112 and a third plate body part 113, the first plate body part 111 and the groove bottom of the sowing groove 110 are oppositely arranged at intervals, the second plate body part 112 and the A groove wall 116 are oppositely arranged at intervals, the third plate body and the groove bottom of the sowing groove 110 are arranged in an included angle shape, the third plate body is positioned between the first plate body and the groove bottom of the sowing groove 110, one side edge part of the first plate body part is fixedly connected with the A groove wall 116, the edge part of the second plate body far away from the groove bottom of the sowing groove 110 is connected with the other side edge part of the first plate body, the edge part of the second plate body close to the groove bottom of the sowing groove 110 is connected with the edge part of the third plate body far away from the A groove wall 116, the edge part of the third plate body close to the A groove wall 116 is arranged in a suspension shape, the first, second and third plate bodies, the A groove wall 116 and the groove bottom corresponding to the first plate body on the sowing groove 110 are enclosed to form the seed storage chamber, and the seed distributing opening 115 is formed in the interval region between the suspended edge part of the third plate body and the groove bottom of the sowing groove 110.

Above-mentioned leak protection mechanism simple structure, direct mount can be along with the swing of seeding groove 110 on the cell wall of seeding groove 110 for seeding chamber 114 quick homeopathic equipartition is everywhere to the tank bottom of seeding groove 110, when seeding groove 110 notch falls to changeing simultaneously, and the seed can be in the quick seeding chamber 114 of collecting of homeopathic, avoids the seed to leak at seeding groove 110 upset in-process. The third plate body arranged obliquely plays a role of assisting the material distribution when the notch of the sowing groove 110 is upward, and provides greater resistance for preventing seeds from escaping to the outside of the sowing chamber 114 when the notch of the sowing groove 110 is turned over to the downward process.

The seed storage cavity is movably arranged on the bottom of the sowing groove 110 along the groove depth direction of the sowing groove 110. The seed transferring mechanism consists of an air charging and discharging assembly which is communicated and connected with each seed storage cavity. The bottom of the sowing groove 110 is provided with assembly holes in an array manner, the assembly holes are internally provided with sowing pipes 120 which are movably assembled along the groove depth direction of the sowing groove 110, and the pipe length direction of the sowing pipes 120 is consistent with the groove depth direction of the sowing groove 110. Each sowing pipe 120 is assembled on a movable sowing member movably installed in a groove depth direction of the sowing groove 110. Specifically, the sowing moving parts are provided with gas chambers, each sowing pipe 120 is communicated with the gas chambers, and the gas chambers are connected with the gas charging and discharging components. The movably mounted seeding tube 120 can adjust the seeding tube 120 to move to one side close to the seed distributing tube when the seeds fall into the lower substrate frame, so that the distance between the seeding tube and the seed distributing tube is shortened, and the seeding points on the substrate frame, which can be reliable, of the seeds are guaranteed.

As shown in fig. 8, a frame supporting mechanism for supporting the matrix frame is provided at the lower side of the sowing groove 110, and the frame supporting mechanism includes a movable bracket installed to slide in the horizontal direction. The movable bracket can also be provided with a supporting plate for jacking the substrate frame, and the supporting plate is arranged in the movable supporting frame in a lifting way. A perforating mechanism 150 for perforating the matrix is further provided between the sowing groove 110 and the movable carriage. The punching mechanism 150 is installed on the movable bracket in a lifting manner and is in two states, one is: the movable bracket and the punching mechanism 150 are positioned below the sowing groove 110, and the second is that: the movable carriage, punch mechanism 150 is moved out of the underside of the seed chute 110. The punching mechanism 150 is arranged to meet the requirements of different types of seeding.

In addition, the seeding rack 100 is further provided with a seed receiving groove 140, the height of the seed receiving groove 140 is smaller than that of the movable bracket, and the seed receiving groove 140 collects the seeds falling in excess number in the seed storage cavity. The device is used for realizing the receiving, recycling and reusing of redundant seeds.

The invention also provides a seed storing part, as shown in fig. 7, the seed storing part is provided with a seed storing cavity for accommodating seeds, one end of the seed storing cavity is provided with a seed opening for allowing the seeds to enter and move out of the seed storing cavity, and the other end of the seed storing cavity is connected with a seed moving mechanism for assisting the seeds to enter and move out of the seed storing cavity. This type deposit kind portion, the realization that can be quick is to the reserve of seed and shift out, satisfies the demand of quick seeding.

The specific scheme is as follows: the other end of the seed storage cavity is provided with a first air inlet and outlet nozzle 12a, and the seed moving mechanism comprises a first air charging and discharging assembly connected with the first air inlet and outlet nozzle 12 a. The seed storage cavity is formed by a tube cavity of the movably assembled seeding tube 120. The seeding tube 120 has a circular or quasi-circular cross-section in its lumen. Through setting up first exhaust subassembly that fills, when the seed gets into deposit kind of cavity like this, through the effect of breathing in, supplementary seed gets into, and simultaneously when unloading kind, through blowing for the seed is quick reliable moves out in the chest deposit kind of cavity.

The cross section of the seed storage cavity is consistent with the size of the outer contour of a single seed. The seeding pipe 120 is further provided with a second air inlet and outlet nozzle 12b, the second air inlet and outlet nozzle 12b is connected with a second air charging and outlet assembly, the number of seeds which can be accommodated in the space of the seed storage cavity between the second air charging and outlet nozzle and the first air charging and outlet nozzle is consistent with the number of seeds which are preset in the seed storage cavity, the air inlet and outlet direction of the first air inlet and outlet nozzle 12a is consistent with the length direction of the seed storage cavity, and the air inlet and outlet direction of the second air inlet and outlet nozzle 12b is intersected with the length direction of the seed storage cavity. The second air inlet and outlet nozzles 12b are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the seed storage cavity, and the second air charging and outlet assembly selects the second air inlet and outlet nozzles 12b at corresponding positions to be connected according to the number of seeds to be stored. According to the arrangement, seeds with the quantity exceeding the preset quantity are arranged in the seed storage cavity, then the second air inlet and outlet nozzle 12b is started to blow air to form an air curtain for blocking the seeds between the first air inlet and outlet nozzle and moving out of the seed storage cavity, so that when the seeding is turned to the groove opening downwards, the unblocked seeds in the seed storage cavity can naturally fall down, and the seeds with the required quantity are taken.

In addition, a buffer structure for relieving the seeds in the seed storage cavity from moving out of the seed storage cavity is arranged in the seed storage cavity. If the cavity of the seed storage cavity is curved, the curved shape forms a buffer structure for the seeds to move out of the seed storage cavity. The buffer structure can weaken the compression effect of the seeds retained on the upper layer on the seeds on the lower layer in the turning process of the seeds.

The outer side of the seed storage cavity is also provided with a guide cavity, the section size of the guide cavity is larger than that of the seed storage cavity, and the cavity channel of the guide cavity is trumpet-shaped and the size of one end far away from the seed storage cavity is larger. Therefore, the seeds can quickly enter the seed storage cavity when the seeds are distributed in a swinging mode, and the seed distribution efficiency is improved.

Specifically, the stiff end of seeding pipe 120 is installed at the seeding moving part, the pipe shaft of seeding pipe 120 divide into anterior segment 121 and back end 122 by nose end to stiff end in proper order, the guide cavity sets up at anterior segment 121, deposit kind of cavity and set up in back end 122, the detachable pipe casing that is equipped with on back end 122, there is the space that is used for arranging the second that is linked together with second air inlet and outlet nozzle 12b between pipe casing and the back end 122 pipe shaft and connects trachea 13b, the outline behind back end 122 assembly pipe casing keeps unanimous with anterior segment 121. The seeding moving part is provided with a first air chamber 131 and a second air chamber 132 which are mutually separated, each first air inlet and outlet nozzle 12a is communicated and connected with each first air chamber 131 through a first connecting air pipe 13a, each second air inlet and outlet nozzle 12b is communicated and connected with each second air chamber 132 through a second connecting air pipe 13b, the first air charging and discharging assembly and the second air charging and discharging assembly respectively comprise a first fan and a second fan, air inlet and outlet pipelines on the first fan and the second fan are respectively connected with the first air chamber and the second air chamber through connecting pipelines and pipeline conduction adjusting valves, the first fan and the second fan are also connected with a regulating and controlling device, and the regulating and controlling device regulates and controls the running states of each conduction adjusting valve and the first fan and the second fan. The rear section 122 of the sowing pipe 120 is fixedly connected with a sowing movable member through a connecting pipe section 123, and the sowing movable member is connected with a sowing adjusting member for adjusting the sowing movable member to move. The seeding adjusting part can be specifically an adjusting electric cylinder.

The invention also provides a punching mechanism 150, as shown in fig. 8, comprising each punching assembly, wherein the punching assembly has an inverted cone-shaped outer contour, the lower end of the punching assembly forms a sharp shape penetrating into the substrate, the middle part of the punching assembly is provided with a channel for seeds to pass through, the channel penetrates through the punching assembly from top to bottom, and the punching assembly is installed in a lifting manner.

The specific scheme is as follows: comprises a punching frame, the punching frame is movably arranged on the seeding rack 100 along the vertical direction, and the punching component is assembled on the punching frame. The punching components are arranged on the punching frame in an array shape. The punching assembly is composed of a first punching piece and a second punching piece which are arranged oppositely, a channel for seeds to pass through is formed by enclosing the first punching piece and the second punching piece, the middle parts of the first punching piece and the second punching piece are movably mounted on the punching frame, the first punching piece and the second punching piece are vertical groove-shaped, the groove width of the first punching piece and the second punching piece is gradually reduced from top to bottom, and an opening mechanism for adjusting the first punching piece and the second punching piece to be far away from and close to each other is arranged on the punching frame. The first punching pieces 151 in the same row are connected through a first strip, the second punching pieces 152 in the same row are connected through a second strip, the mouth opening mechanism is connected with the first strip and the second strip, and the mouth opening mechanism adjusts the first strip and the second strip to be close to and far away from each other.

The mouth opening mechanism can be implemented by adopting the following scheme, and comprises a mouth opening driving piece, a first transmission piece and a second transmission piece, wherein the first transmission piece 15a is vertically arranged with a first strip-shaped piece, the second transmission piece 15b is vertically arranged with a second strip-shaped piece, each first strip-shaped piece is respectively connected with the first transmission piece 15a, and each second strip-shaped piece is respectively connected with the second transmission piece 15 b; the two first transmission pieces 15a are arranged, the two first transmission pieces 15a are respectively positioned at two ends of the first strip-shaped piece, the two second transmission pieces 15b are arranged, the two second transmission pieces 15b are respectively positioned at two ends of the second strip-shaped piece, the two first transmission pieces 15a are also connected through first connecting pieces, the two second transmission pieces 15b are also connected through second connecting pieces, the mouth opening driving piece is connected with the first transmission piece and the second transmission piece and/or the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece, and the first transmission piece and the second transmission piece are respectively movably installed along the body length direction; first, be provided with respectively on the two driving mediums first, the two leans on the hole, open a mouthful driving piece including open a mouthful cylinder and with open a mouthful regulation pole that mouthful cylinder transmission is connected, be provided with the tapered section of leaning on the regulation pole, lean on the section to lean on the hole with first, two respectively and lean on to constitute to lean on the cooperation, promote to adjust the pole and remove to lean on first, two driving mediums and remove towards opposite direction, first, two springs that the assembly ordered about first, two driving mediums are close to the removal in opposite directions on first, two connecting pieces.

The mouth opening mechanism comprises a mouth opening driving part and two mouth adjusting parts, the two mouth adjusting parts are perpendicular to the first strip-shaped part and the second strip-shaped part, the two mouth adjusting parts are located at two ends of the first strip-shaped part and the second strip-shaped part, mouth opening adjusting blocks of reversed deltas are respectively arranged on the two mouth adjusting parts, the mouth opening adjusting blocks downwards abut against the first strip-shaped part and the second strip-shaped part in the same group to be far away from each other, and the mouth opening driving part adjusts the two mouth adjusting parts to move up and down.

The invention also provides a sowing method, as shown in fig. 2-5, comprising the steps of screening seeds with basically consistent sizes, placing the screened seeds in a seed storage chamber, adjusting the notch of the sowing groove 110 to face upwards, swinging the sowing groove 110 in a reciprocating manner to enable seeds to be distributed in each seed storage cavity on the bottom of the sowing groove 110, then adjusting the notch of the sowing groove 110 to face downwards, placing a matrix frame to be sown below the sowing groove 110, and then adjusting the seed storage cavities to enable the seeds in the seed storage cavities to fall and be distributed in the matrix frame below for sowing.

Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: before sowing, the matrix in the matrix frame is punched, and then seeds are sown in the holes. The selection and the retention of different numbers of seeds in the seed storage cavity are realized by adjusting the connection between the second air inlet and outlet nozzle 12b and the second connecting air pipe 13b at different positions. The frame that will punch installs in the top of activity bracket, inserts the matrix frame on the activity bracket, adjusts the frame that punches and goes down, and the subassembly that punches to the matrix, then together pushes away the downside of sowing groove 110 with activity bracket, matrix frame and the frame that punches for deposit kind of cavity and punch the subassembly upper and lower and correspond and arrange, then shift the seed to the matrix frame in. The subassembly that punches adjusts the lower extreme separation of two pieces that punch after inserting in the matrix, and the seed shifts out movable bracket, matrix frame and the frame that punches and dissociates the downside of seeding groove 110 in the matrix frame back, maintains that the piece lower extreme that punches is in the separation form, and the lifting frame that punches makes the subassembly that punches and matrix separation, after separating completely, the lower extreme of the piece that punches is close to each other and resumes initial condition. The lower side of the sowing groove 110 is provided with an inoculation groove 140, the height of the inoculation groove 140 is smaller than that of the movable bracket, and the inoculation groove 140 collects the seeds falling in excess number in the seed storage cavity. When the sowing groove 110 is swung back and forth, the first air intake and exhaust nozzle 12a is adjusted to suck air, and the second air intake and exhaust nozzle 12b neither sucks air nor blows air. In the process of turning from the notch upwards to the notch downwards, the first air inlet and outlet nozzle 12a is adjusted to not suck or blow air, and the second air inlet and outlet nozzle 12b blows or sucks air. When the seeds are arranged in the matrix frame, the first air inlet and outlet nozzle 12a is adjusted to blow air, and the second air inlet and outlet nozzle 12b neither sucks nor blows air. Before the seeds are arranged in the substrate frame, the sowing moving part is adjusted to move downwards, so that the sowing pipe 120 descends and is arranged corresponding to the upper end of the punching component.

According to the scheme provided by the invention, the rapid seeding of a plurality of seeding positions can be reliably realized, and the seeding efficiency and accuracy are improved. Reduce intensity of labour, the movable bracket who adopts movable installation bears the weight of matrix frame makes seeding groove 110 below can set to the unloading structure and satisfy seeding groove 110 pivoted space demand, has reduced the height of the seed whereabouts between seeding groove 110 and the matrix frame, improves the reliability of seeding. The automatic retention of the variable number of the sowing seeds is realized, the sowing requirements of different numbers are met, the number of the seeds is retained reliably, and the accuracy is good. The whole structure is simple, and the change operation is convenient. And realize automatic punching in batches above the matrix to and with the automatic leading-in to the seeding of seeding downthehole, simplify the seeding operation, guarantee simultaneously that the back seed that punches can fall to the downthehole of hitting, guarantee that the depth of planting of every seed is unanimous.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention. Structures, devices, and methods of operation not specifically described or illustrated herein are generally practiced in the art without specific recitation or limitation.

Claims

1. A mechanism of punching which characterized in that: the seed perforating device comprises perforating assemblies, wherein each perforating assembly is provided with an inverted cone-shaped outer contour, the lower ends of the perforating assemblies form sharp shapes penetrating into a matrix, the middle parts of the perforating assemblies are provided with channels for seeds to pass through, the channels penetrate through the perforating assemblies from top to bottom, and the perforating assemblies are installed in a lifting mode;

the punching device comprises a punching frame, wherein punching components are assembled on the punching frame, and the punching components are arranged on the punching frame in an array shape; the punching assembly consists of a first punching piece and a second punching piece which are arranged oppositely, a channel for seeds to pass through is formed by enclosing the first punching piece and the second punching piece, the middle parts of the first punching piece and the second punching piece are hinged and installed on the punching frame, the first punching piece and the second punching piece are in vertical groove shapes, the groove widths are gradually reduced from top to bottom, and an opening mechanism for adjusting the mutual separation of the first punching piece and the second punching piece is arranged on the punching frame; the first punching pieces in the same row are connected through a first strip-shaped piece, the second punching pieces in the same row are connected through a second strip-shaped piece, the mouth opening mechanism is connected with the first strip-shaped piece and the second strip-shaped piece, the mouth opening mechanism adjusts the first strip-shaped piece and the second strip-shaped piece to be close to each other and far away from each other, and the first strip-shaped piece and the second strip-shaped piece are movably installed along the horizontal direction; the mouth opening mechanism comprises a mouth opening driving piece, a first transmission piece and a second transmission piece, wherein the first transmission piece is vertically arranged with the first strip-shaped piece, the second transmission piece is vertically arranged with the second strip-shaped piece, each first strip-shaped piece is respectively connected with the first transmission piece, and each second strip-shaped piece is respectively connected with the second transmission piece; the two first transmission pieces are respectively positioned at two ends of the first strip-shaped piece, the two second transmission pieces are respectively positioned at two ends of the second strip-shaped piece and are also connected through a first connecting piece and a second connecting piece, the mouth opening driving piece is connected with the first transmission piece and the second transmission piece and/or the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece, and the first transmission piece and the second transmission piece are respectively movably installed along the body length direction; the first transmission piece and the second transmission piece are respectively provided with a first abutting hole and a second abutting hole, the mouth opening driving piece comprises a mouth opening cylinder and a mouth opening adjusting rod in transmission connection with the mouth opening cylinder, the adjusting rod is provided with a conical abutting section, the abutting section is respectively in abutting fit with the first abutting hole and the second abutting hole, the adjusting rod is pushed to move to abut against the first transmission piece and the second transmission piece to move towards opposite directions, and a first spring and a second spring which drive the first transmission piece and the second transmission piece to move towards each other are assembled on the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece; the mouth opening mechanism comprises a mouth opening driving part and two mouth adjusting parts, the two mouth adjusting parts are perpendicular to the first strip-shaped part and the second strip-shaped part, the two mouth adjusting parts are located at two ends of the first strip-shaped part and the second strip-shaped part, mouth opening adjusting blocks of reversed triangles are respectively arranged on the two mouth adjusting parts, the mouth opening adjusting blocks downwards abut against the first strip-shaped part and the second strip-shaped part in the same group to be mutually far away, and the mouth opening driving part adjusts the two mouth adjusting parts to move up and down.

2. A disseminator, characterized in that: the punching mechanism and the seeding frame of claim 1 are included, and the punching frame is movably arranged on the seeding frame along the vertical direction.