CN112415266A - Method for extracting load harmonic current of active power filter - Google Patents
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- G01R23/16—Spectrum analysis; Fourier analysis
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of power technology application, in particular to a method for extracting load harmonic current of an active power filter, which comprises the following steps: dividing the load current into fundamental wave and harmonic wave, defining instantaneous values of sinusoidal current and sinusoidal voltage so as to calculate and obtain instantaneous fundamental wave active power and instantaneous fundamental wave reactive power, calculating an arithmetic mean of a basic period so as to eliminate alternating current component so as to obtain corresponding active power value, reactive power value and double vision power; step two: inducing the PCC voltage filtered by the feedback second-order generalized integrator into complex fundamental wave voltage, and obtaining the amplitude and the phase of the PCC voltage by using a vector method; step three: obtaining the amplitude and the corresponding phase of the fundamental load current; step four: and the instantaneous fundamental current is obtained, and under the condition that the fundamental load current is known, the load harmonic current is obtained by subtracting the load fundamental current from the load current, so that the extraction precision is ensured, and meanwhile, the good dynamic performance is also ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power technology application, in particular to a method for extracting load harmonic current of an active power filter.
Background
The harmonic detection precision is used as a first link of active power filter control, the performance of the harmonic detection precision determines the compensation precision of the SAPF in a steady state and the response speed of the SAPF in a dynamic state, the traditional detection method is that a fundamental current is detected based on an instantaneous reactive power theory, the fundamental active power is subtracted from a load current to obtain a harmonic instruction, an inherent contradiction exists between the low-pass filtering performance and a delay, the cut-off frequency of the low-pass filter is generally selected in a compromise mode, but the inherent defects of the delay and the performance still exist, in the dynamic state, the delay existing in the low-pass filter in an algorithm can cause that a certain fundamental active error exists between the harmonic instruction obtained in the dynamic state and an actual value, and the direct current side of the SAPF in the dynamic state is easy to generate great fluctuation, and the traditional harmonic extraction:
1) the method based on instantaneous reactive power theory generally transforms the load current under a synchronous or static coordinate system through coordinate transformation, at the moment, the fundamental component of the load current is transformed into direct current quantity, the harmonic component is displayed as alternating current quantity, and the harmonic component and harmonic wave are separated by a Low Pass Filter (LPF); however, the algorithm has a certain delay in separating fundamental wave and harmonic wave, which depends on the performance of LPF, and active current is injected in the dynamic process, thereby bringing great harm to the harmonic detection and the application of the detection result.
2) The FFT (fast Fourier transform) algorithm can calculate the frequency spectrums of all frequency points in the Nyquist frequency, the calculation speed is faster than that of the DFT (discrete Fourier transform) for extracting the frequency spectrums of all the frequency points, but when only the frequency spectrums of partial frequency points are required, such as characteristic harmonics within 50 times in most electric power applications, the DFT algorithm can only calculate the required harmonic frequency spectrums, so that the time required by the algorithm is smaller, the required data memory amount is relatively less, and meanwhile, compared with the FFT algorithm, the DFT algorithm has the advantages of more flexible selection of sampling rate and the number of the conversion points, better instantaneity, easier control, simpler operation, more convenient programming realization in a chip and the like.
3) The SDFT (sliding window discrete Fourier transform) algorithm is the optimization of the DFT algorithm, the operation of the DFT algorithm is evenly distributed in each sampling period in a sliding iteration mode, the calculated amount is further reduced, but the SDFT algorithm also has the defect that a dynamic process needs one fundamental wave period for time delay.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the method for extracting the load harmonic current of the active power filter, which ensures the extraction precision and also ensures good dynamic performance.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a method for extracting load harmonic current of an active power filter, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: establishing a circuit for extracting load harmonic current of an active power filter, dividing the load current into fundamental wave and harmonic wave, defining instantaneous values of sinusoidal current and sinusoidal voltage, so as to calculate instantaneous fundamental wave active power and instantaneous fundamental wave reactive power, and calculating an arithmetic mean of a basic period to eliminate alternating current components, so as to obtain corresponding active power value, reactive power value and double vision power;
step two: according to the calculated active power value and reactive power value, the PCC voltage filtered by the feedback second-order generalized integrator is summarized into complex fundamental wave voltage, and the amplitude and the phase of the PCC voltage are obtained by using a vector method;
step three: processing the double vision power in the same way as the step two to obtain the amplitude and the corresponding phase of the fundamental load current;
step four: through the above steps, an instantaneous fundamental current is obtained, and thus, when the fundamental load current is known, the load harmonic current is calculated by subtracting the load fundamental current from the load current.
Preferably, the circuit for extracting the load harmonic current of the active power filter comprises a direct-current side voltage control circuit, a phase-locked loop, a reference harmonic current extraction and current controller, and the reference harmonic current extraction and current controller is formed by direct-current side voltage control and load-related harmonic current reference generation.
Preferably, in the first step, the instantaneous values of the sinusoidal current i (t) and the sinusoidal voltage u (t) are defined as:
the phase difference between the two is as follows:
thus, the load-side instantaneous power is:
the above equation can be expressed as:
the first part of the above equation describes the instantaneous fundamental active power and the second part describes the instantaneous fundamental reactive power, and the ac component can be eliminated by calculating the arithmetic mean of one fundamental period from the above equation, so as to obtain the corresponding active power value:
to determine the fundamental reactive power, a 90 ° phase shifted quadrature component of the voltage is required:
similar to calculating active power:
therefore, the reactive power can be obtained as follows:
the calculation of the fundamental active power and reactive power is done with a moving average filter of N values, corresponding to the time of the fundamental period, so that the calculation is not affected by harmonics in the load current, since the harmonics occur in integer multiples of the fundamental and are eliminated by the moving average filter;
can calculate the active and reactive power P of the fundamental wave1,L,μAnd Q1,L,μThey can be considered as a double vision power:
S 1,L,u=P1,L,u+j·Q1,L,u
preferably, in step two, the PCC voltage filtered by the feedback second-order generalized integrator may be summarized as a complex fundamental voltage:
u 1,PCC,u=u1,PCC,u+j·u1,⊥,PCC,u
using the vector method, the amplitude and phase of these two quantities can be determined, which for PCC voltages is:
preferably, in step three, the double vision power is processed as in step two, and the amplitude of the fundamental load current is:
the corresponding phases are:
preferably, in step four, the above steps are summarized, so that the instantaneous fundamental current is:
thus, when the fundamental load current is known, the load harmonic current can be calculated by subtracting the load fundamental current from the load current:
iL,H,u(t)=iL,u(t)-iL,1,u(t)。
by adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the method provided by the invention can accurately extract the harmonic current in the load, and in a basic period after the load current is changed for the first time, the extraction result of the harmonic current can reach a steady state, so that the extraction precision is ensured, and meanwhile, the good dynamic performance is also ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a control block diagram of an active power filter according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a power calculation circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a complex view power and complex fundamental voltage vector calculation circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a waveform illustrating the dynamic performance of harmonic current extraction according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and detailed description:
as shown in the attached figure 1, the method for extracting the load harmonic current of the active power filter comprises a direct current side voltage control, a phase-locked loop, a reference harmonic current extraction and current controller, wherein the reference harmonic current extraction and current controller is formed by direct current side voltage control and load-related harmonic current reference generation, and the basic idea of the current reference generation is to divide the load current into a fundamental wave iL,1,μAnd harmonic iH,L,μ:
iL,u(t)=iL,1,u(t)+iL,H,u(t);
The extraction method comprises the following steps:
defining the instantaneous values of the sinusoidal current i (t) and the sinusoidal voltage u (t) as:
the phase difference between the two is as follows:
thus, the load-side instantaneous power is:
the above equation can be expressed as:
the first part of the above equation describes the instantaneous fundamental active power and the second part describes the instantaneous fundamental reactive power. The ac component can be eliminated by calculating the arithmetic mean of one fundamental cycle from the above equation, resulting in the corresponding value of the active power:
to determine the fundamental reactive power, a 90 ° phase shifted quadrature component of the voltage is required:
similar to calculating active power:
therefore, the reactive power can be obtained as follows:
thus, the power calculation can be implemented as shown in the structure of fig. 2, the quadrature component of the voltage is provided by the feedback second order generalized integrator, which is tuned to the fundamental frequency, since the phase locked loop can also adapt to frequency variations, since the PCC voltage only changes slowly, only a low dynamic behavior filtering PCC voltage is needed and the feedback second order generalized integrator can tune a very narrow band, thus both providing harmonic-free voltages;
the calculation of the fundamental active power and reactive power is done with a moving average filter of N values, corresponding to the time of the fundamental period, so that the calculation is not affected by harmonics in the load current, since the harmonics occur in integer multiples of the fundamental and are eliminated by the moving average filter;
can calculate the active and reactive power P of the fundamental wave1,L,μAnd Q1,L,μThey can be considered as diplopia in power:
S 1,L,u=P1,L,u+j·Q1,L,u
similarly, the PCC voltage filtered by the feedback second-order generalized integrator can be summarized as a complex fundamental voltage:
u 1,PCC,u=u1,PCC,u+j·u1,⊥,PCC,u
as shown in fig. 3, the double-vision power and the complex fundamental voltage provide the input of the current reference power supply;
using the vector method, the amplitude and phase of these two quantities can be determined, which for PCC voltages is:
the double vision power is similarly processed, and the amplitude of the fundamental load current is:
the corresponding phases are:
it can thus be obtained that the instantaneous fundamental current is:
thus, when the fundamental load current is known, the load harmonic current can be calculated by subtracting the load fundamental current from the load current:
iL,H,u(t)=iL,u(t)-iL,1,u(t)。
the dynamic performance of the harmonic current extraction is shown in figure 4, the method provided by the invention can accurately extract the harmonic current in the load, the harmonic current extraction result can reach a steady state in a basic period after the load current is changed for the first time, and the experimental result shows that the method has the characteristic of quickly and accurately extracting the harmonic current of the load.
The present invention has been described in detail with reference to the specific embodiments, but these should not be construed as limitations of the present invention. Many variations and modifications may be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention, which should also be considered as within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for extracting load harmonic current of an active power filter is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: establishing a circuit for extracting load harmonic current of an active power filter, dividing the load current into fundamental wave and harmonic wave, defining instantaneous values of sinusoidal current and sinusoidal voltage, so as to calculate instantaneous fundamental wave active power and instantaneous fundamental wave reactive power, and calculating an arithmetic mean of a basic period to eliminate alternating current components, so as to obtain corresponding active power value, reactive power value and double vision power;
step two: according to the calculated active power value and reactive power value, the PCC voltage filtered by the feedback second-order generalized integrator is summarized into complex fundamental wave voltage, and the amplitude and the phase of the PCC voltage are obtained by using a vector method;
step three: processing the double vision power in the same way as the step two to obtain the amplitude and the corresponding phase of the fundamental load current;
step four: through the above steps, an instantaneous fundamental current is obtained, and thus, when the fundamental load current is known, the load harmonic current is calculated by subtracting the load fundamental current from the load current.
2. The active power filter load harmonic current extraction method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the active power filter load harmonic current extraction circuit comprises a dc side voltage control, a phase locked loop, a reference harmonic current extraction and current controller, and the reference harmonic current extraction and current controller is composed of a dc side voltage control and a load-related harmonic current reference generation.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step one, the instantaneous values of the sinusoidal current i (t) and the sinusoidal voltage u (t) are defined as:
the phase difference between the two is as follows:
thus, the load-side instantaneous power is:
the above equation can be expressed as:
the first part of the above equation describes the instantaneous fundamental active power and the second part describes the instantaneous fundamental reactive power, and the ac component can be eliminated by calculating the arithmetic mean of one fundamental period from the above equation, so as to obtain the corresponding active power value:
to determine the fundamental reactive power, a 90 ° phase shifted quadrature component of the voltage is required:
similar to calculating active power:
therefore, the reactive power can be obtained as follows:
the calculation of the fundamental active power and reactive power is done with a moving average filter of N values, corresponding to the time of the fundamental period, so that the calculation is not affected by harmonics in the load current, since the harmonics occur in integer multiples of the fundamental and are eliminated by the moving average filter;
can calculate the active and reactive power P of the fundamental wave1,L,μAnd Q1,L,μThey can be considered as a double vision power:
S 1,L,u=P1,L,u+j·Q1,L,u
4. the method according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the PCC voltage filtered by the feedback second-order generalized integrator is summarized as a complex fundamental voltage:
u 1,PCC,u=u1,PCC,u+j·u1,⊥,PCC,u
using the vector method, the amplitude and phase of these two quantities can be determined, which for PCC voltages is:
6. the method of claim 1, wherein in step four, the instantaneous fundamental current is obtained by the following steps:
thus, when the fundamental load current is known, the load harmonic current can be calculated by subtracting the load fundamental current from the load current:
iL,H,u(t)=iL,u(t)-iL,1,u(t)。
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