CN112413960A - Water-cooling grain storage system based on cross-season cold accumulation and working method - Google Patents
Water-cooling grain storage system based on cross-season cold accumulation and working method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112413960A CN112413960A CN202011287877.5A CN202011287877A CN112413960A CN 112413960 A CN112413960 A CN 112413960A CN 202011287877 A CN202011287877 A CN 202011287877A CN 112413960 A CN112413960 A CN 112413960A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D3/00—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D17/00—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
- F25D17/02—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating liquids, e.g. brine
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D17/00—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
- F25D17/04—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection
- F25D17/06—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection by forced circulation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D29/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
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Abstract
The invention relates to a water-cooling grain storage system based on cross-season cold accumulation and a working method, and belongs to the field of grain storage. The grain storage system based on cross-season cold accumulation comprises an air blower, a cold accumulation device, a refrigerating device and a monitoring control device. When the system is at low temperature, the natural cold source is absorbed by the evaporative cooler and stored in the cold water storage pool. When the temperature is high, the cold accumulation and ventilation device is closed, the refrigerating device is opened, and the cold energy of the cooling water stored in the cold accumulation water tank is transferred to the grains through the water-cooled coil pipe heat exchanger. Meanwhile, the start and stop of the cold accumulation, ventilation, refrigeration and monitoring device are controlled by monitoring the environmental temperature, so that the grain storage is accurately controlled. The system adopts a natural cold source as a cold source for grain storage and adopts a cross-season cold accumulation mode, and has obvious operation cost advantage. The water-cooled coil heat exchanger is adopted for heat exchange between the grains and cold water, so that heat transfer between the cooling water and the grains is enhanced, and efficient and rapid cooling of the grains is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of grain storage, and particularly relates to a water-cooling grain storage system based on cross-season cold accumulation and a working method.
Background
The low-temperature grain storage refers to a grain storage technology which utilizes natural low-temperature conditions or mechanical refrigeration equipment to reduce the temperature of stored grains and utilizes the heat insulation performance of a cabin enclosure structure to ensure that the grain pile temperature of the grains is maintained below low temperature (15 ℃) or quasi-low temperature (20 ℃) during the storage period. At present, experts generally consider that: low-temperature grain storage will become one of the main grain storage modes in the 21 st century.
At present, the main ways for realizing low-temperature grain storage are ventilation cooling grain storage, underground low-temperature grain storage, underwater low-temperature grain storage, solar adsorption refrigeration grain storage, mechanical refrigeration grain storage and the like. However, the adoption of aeration cooling can only be applied to the condition that the external environment temperature is low. But when the environmental temperature is higher in summer, the temperature of the granary can reach more than 35 ℃, and the temperature of the grains can reach more than 27 ℃, so that the grains can not be stored at low temperature all the year round by adopting ventilation cooling. The underground low-temperature grain storage and the underwater low-temperature grain storage refer to that the granary is built underground or under the water surface, and natural cold sources such as soil or water are utilized to cool grains in the granary. The disadvantages are that (1) the construction of the granary is limited by natural conditions; (2) the construction of the granary requires huge earth excavation, and the construction cost is high. The low-temperature grain storage mode of solar adsorption refrigeration is to cool grains by adopting a solar adsorption refrigeration mode. It has the disadvantages of complex equipment and high initial investment. Finally, the mechanical refrigeration low-temperature grain storage adopts a mechanical refrigeration system to cool the grain, and although the technology is mature, the operation cost is relatively high because the compressor is driven by electric power.
Chinese patent publication No. CN 102860186B discloses an energy-saving high and large single-storey house grain bin, in which a PE film is used to keep the temperature of the upper part of the grain pile, and a pore plate ventilation device is arranged in the grain pile to cool the grain through a refrigeration system. The grain storage mode still uses an electrically driven refrigeration system as a cold source for cooling the grains, so that the refrigeration system needs to continuously consume power during operation, and the grain storage cost is increased.
Chinese patent publication No. CN106613024B discloses a grain storage device, which drives a worm to roll grain automatically through a servo motor, so as to reduce labor and enhance ventilation of grain, thereby preventing the grain from mildewing. However, the present invention still adopts ventilation technology for grain storage, and has limited effect on prolonging grain storage when the ambient temperature is higher.
The problems existing in the existing grain storage method are as follows:
(1) the low-temperature grain storage by adopting mechanical refrigeration can greatly prolong the grain storage period, but the initial investment of equipment is large, the maintenance cost is high, and the grain storage cost and the granary construction cost are increased.
(2) Although the grain storage mode adopting natural ventilation has lower storage cost, the grain temperature is easily influenced by the environmental temperature, and the grain storage time can be reduced by the overhigh grain temperature in summer.
(3) The granary is built underground or under the water surface, the cold source of the environment can be fully utilized, the grain storage time is prolonged, the site selection of the granary is limited by the geographical environment, the earthwork excavation of the granary is huge in the construction process, the initial investment of granary construction is increased, and the grain storage cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a water-cooling grain storage system based on cross-season cold accumulation and a working method. The system stores the natural cold source in winter in a cross-season manner and is used as the cold source for grain storage and refrigeration in summer. The low-temperature storage of the grains is ensured, and the operation cost and the initial investment of equipment for maintaining the refrigeration system are reduced.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme: a water-cooling grain storage system based on cross-season cold accumulation comprises an air blower, a cold accumulation device, a refrigerating device and a monitoring control device, wherein the air blower is arranged at the upper part of a granary, the cold accumulation device comprises a cold accumulation water tank, a ball float valve, a liquid supplementing pump, an electromagnetic valve and a spraying circulating pump under the condition that the average temperature is higher than 0 ℃ in winter, the cold accumulation water tank is arranged at least 15 meters deep underground, a water outlet at the top of the cold accumulation water tank is connected with the spraying device through the spraying circulating pump and the electromagnetic valve in sequence, a liquid discharging port of a receiving water tank below the spraying device is connected with a water return port at the top of the cold accumulation water tank, the ball float valve is arranged inside;
the refrigerating device comprises a water-cooled coil heat exchanger, a cooling water pump and a flow-controllable electromagnetic valve, wherein the water-cooled coil heat exchanger is arranged at the bottom of the granary, a water outlet at the left side of the cold accumulation water tank is connected with a water inlet of the water-cooled coil heat exchanger through the cooling water pump, and an outlet of the water-cooled coil heat exchanger is connected with a water inlet at the left side of the cold accumulation water tank through the flow-;
the monitoring control device comprises a controller, a granary temperature sensor and a water tank temperature sensor, wherein the granary temperature sensor is arranged on the upper portion of the granary, the water tank temperature sensor is arranged inside the cold storage water tank, and the controller is electrically connected with an electromagnetic valve, the granary temperature sensor, an air blower, a cooling water pump, a flow controllable electromagnetic valve, a spraying circulating pump and the water tank temperature sensor.
Under the condition that the average temperature is lower than 0 ℃ in winter, the cold accumulation device further comprises an antifreeze solution supplement box and a coil heat exchanger, wherein an outlet of the antifreeze solution supplement box is connected with a liquid inlet of a liquid supplement pump, the coil heat exchanger is arranged in the cold accumulation water tank, a liquid outlet of the coil heat exchanger is connected with a spraying device sequentially through a spraying circulating pump and an electromagnetic valve, and an outlet of a bearing water tank at the lower part of the spraying device is connected with a liquid inlet of the coil heat exchanger.
The working method of the grain storage system based on the cross-season cold accumulation adopts two schemes:
scheme one is applicable to the condition that the average temperature in winter is higher than 0 ℃, and comprises the following steps:
a) when the granary temperature sensor detects that the environmental temperature is lower than 15 ℃, and the water tank temperature sensor detects that the cooling water temperature in the cold water storage tank is higher than the environmental temperature by 5 ℃ and above, the controller starts the electromagnetic valve and the cooling water pump, the cooling water in the cold water storage tank pumps the water in the cold water storage tank through the spraying circulating pump, the water is sprayed by the spraying device after passing through the electromagnetic valve, the spraying water absorbs the cold energy of the external environment, the spraying water is recycled through the receiving water tank and returns to the cold water storage tank through a pipeline to store the natural cold energy of the environment, meanwhile, the controller closes the cooling water pump and the electromagnetic valve with controllable flow rate, and opens the air blower to ventilate;
b) when the granary temperature sensor detects that the ambient temperature is 15-25 ℃, the controller closes the electromagnetic valve and the spraying circulating pump, and opens the air blower to ventilate and cool the granary;
c) when the environment temperature measured by the granary temperature sensor is higher than 25 ℃, the controller closes the electromagnetic valve, the spraying circulating pump and the air blower, opens the cooling water pump and the flow-controllable electromagnetic valve, the granary stops ventilation and cooling, the refrigerating device starts to work, the cooling water pump pumps cooling water in the cold water storage tank to enter the water-cooled coil heat exchanger to cool the granary, meanwhile, the controller receives temperature data of the granary temperature sensor, the opening degree of the flow-controllable electromagnetic valve is controlled through electric signals, the cooling water flow in the water-cooled coil heat exchanger is adjusted, and when the environment temperature is 25-30 ℃, the opening degree of the flow-controllable electromagnetic valve is controlled to be 1/2; when the environmental temperature is 30-35 ℃, controlling the opening of the flow-controllable electromagnetic valve to be 3/4; when the ambient temperature is higher than 35 ℃, controlling the opening of the controllable flow electromagnetic valve to be 1;
d) when the liquid level of the cooling water in the receiving water tank is lower than a set value, the ball float valve and the liquid supplementing pump are started, and the cooling water flows into the receiving water tank through the liquid supplementing pump.
The second scheme is suitable for the condition that the average temperature in winter is lower than 0 ℃, and comprises the following steps:
a) when the granary temperature sensor detects that the ambient temperature is lower than 10 ℃, and the water tank temperature sensor detects that the cooling water temperature in the underground cold storage water tank is higher than the ambient temperature by 5 ℃ and above, the controller controls the electromagnetic valve and the spraying circulating pump to be opened, so that the antifreeze in the coil pipe heat exchanger is pumped by the spraying circulating pump, the antifreeze is sprayed by the spraying device after passing through the electromagnetic valve, the spray water absorbs the cold energy of the external environment, the antifreeze is recovered by the receiving water tank, returns to the coil pipe heat exchanger through a pipeline and transmits the cold energy to the cooling water in the cold storage water tank so as to store the natural cold energy of the environment, and meanwhile, the controller controls the cooling water pump, the controllable flow electromagnetic valve to be closed, and the air blower to be opened.
b) When the granary temperature sensor detects that the ambient temperature is 10-25 ℃, the controller closes the electromagnetic valve and the spraying circulating pump, and opens the air blower to ventilate and cool the granary;
c) when the environment temperature measured by the granary temperature sensor is higher than 25 ℃, the controller closes the electromagnetic valve, the spraying circulating pump and the air blower, opens the cooling water pump and the flow-controllable electromagnetic valve, so that the cold accumulation device stops absorbing natural cold sources, the granary stops ventilation cooling, the refrigeration device starts working, the cooling water pump pumps cooling water in the cold accumulation water tank to enter the water-cooled coil heat exchanger to cool the granary, the controller receives temperature data of the granary temperature sensor, the opening of the flow-controllable electromagnetic valve is controlled through electric signals, the cooling water flow of the water-cooled coil heat exchanger in the granary is adjusted, and when the environment temperature is 25-30 ℃, the opening of the flow-controllable electromagnetic valve is controlled to be 1/2; when the environmental temperature is 30-35 ℃, controlling the opening of the flow-controllable electromagnetic valve to be 3/4; when the ambient temperature is higher than 35 ℃, controlling the opening of the flow-controllable electromagnetic valve to be 1;
d) when the liquid level of the antifreeze in the receiving water tank is lower than a set value, the ball float valve and the liquid supplement pump are started, and the antifreeze in the antifreeze supplement box flows into the receiving water tank.
The technical scheme considers that the breadth of our country is wide, and the average temperature difference in winter in various places is large, the invention can adopt two technical schemes, wherein the first technical scheme is suitable for the condition that the average temperature in winter is higher than 0 ℃, and because the environmental temperature is higher than 0 ℃, the secondary heat exchange is not required to be carried out by adopting a heat exchange medium, and the cold water in the cold water storage tank can be directly pumped by a spray circulating pump. The second scheme is suitable for the condition that the average temperature in winter is lower than 0 ℃, when the average temperature in winter is lower than 0 ℃, cold water in the underground cold storage tank is directly extracted, the cooling water is frozen to damage pipelines and a heat exchanger, and therefore, the antifreeze liquid formed by mixing 50% of glycol and 50% of water is used as a heat exchange medium to absorb the cold energy of a natural cold source.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) the grain storage system based on cross-season cold accumulation comprises an air blower, a cold accumulation device, a refrigerating device and a monitoring control device. The system stores the natural cold source efficiently and at low cost through the evaporative cooler and the circulating spray pump in the cold accumulation device, and stores the natural cold source across seasons by utilizing the annual constant temperature characteristic of the underground soil, so that the cost for acquiring cold energy and the investment cost of equipment are reduced. (2) The water-cooled coil heat exchanger is used as a heat exchange device for cooling the grains, and is in direct contact with the grains in the grain storage process, so that the grain pile can be cooled quickly and efficiently, and the loss of cooling capacity is reduced. (3) Two schemes are set for the environmental temperature conditions of different regions, and the flexibility and the adaptability of the grain storage system based on the cross-season cold accumulation are enhanced. (4) The monitoring control device is arranged, and the start and stop of the granary ventilation device, the cold accumulation device and the refrigerating device can be accurately controlled by monitoring the environmental temperature, so that the energy consumption of power consumption equipment such as a spraying circulating pump, an air blower and a cooling water pump is reduced, and the cost of grain storage is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a grain storage system based on cross-season cold accumulation.
Fig. 2 is a working flow chart of a grain storage system based on cross-season cold accumulation.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another grain storage system based on cross-season cold accumulation.
Fig. 4 is a flow chart of another grain storage system based on cross-season cold accumulation.
In the figure: 1. the system comprises a cold storage water pool, 2, a coil heat exchanger, 3, a ball float valve, 4, an antifreeze liquid supplement box, 5, a liquid supplement pump, 6, spray water, 6a, a spray device, 6b, a receiving water tank, 7, an electromagnetic valve, 8, a controller, 9, a granary temperature sensor, 10, a granary, 11, an air blower, 12, a water-cooled coil heat exchanger, 13, a cooling water pump, 14, a controllable flow electromagnetic valve, 15, a spray circulating pump, 16 and a water pool temperature sensor.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings.
Example 1 (average temperature higher than 0 ℃ in winter)
Fig. 1 and 2 show the structure and the working flow chart of a water-cooling grain storage system based on cross-season cold accumulation. The water-cooling grain storage system based on cross-season cold accumulation comprises an air blower 11 arranged at the upper part of a granary 10, a cold accumulation device, a refrigeration device and a monitoring control device. Cold-storage device contains cold-storage pond 1, ball-cock assembly 3, fluid infusion pump 5, solenoid valve 7 and spray circulating pump 15, cold-storage pond 1 is established at the at least 15 meters depths in underground, the delivery port at 1 top in cold-storage pond loops through spray circulating pump 15, spray set 6a is connected to solenoid valve 7, the water return mouth at 1 top in cold-storage pond is connected to the leakage fluid dram of accepting basin 6b of spray set 6a below, ball-cock assembly 3 establishes in the inside of accepting basin 6b, basin 6b is accepted through the pipe connection to the liquid outlet of fluid infusion pump 5.
The refrigerating device comprises a water-cooled coil heat exchanger 12, a cooling water pump 13 and a flow-controllable solenoid valve 14, wherein the water-cooled coil heat exchanger 12 is arranged at the bottom of the granary 10, a water outlet at the left side of the cold storage water pool 1 is connected with a water inlet of the water-cooled coil heat exchanger 12 through the cooling water pump 13, and an outlet of the water-cooled coil heat exchanger 12 is connected with a water inlet at the left side of the cold storage water pool 1 through the flow-.
The monitoring control device comprises a controller 8, a granary temperature sensor 9 and a water tank temperature sensor 16, wherein the granary temperature sensor 9 is arranged at the upper part of a granary 10, the water tank temperature sensor 16 is arranged in the cold storage water tank 1, and the controller 8 is electrically connected with an electromagnetic valve 7, the granary temperature sensor 9, an air blower 11, a cooling water pump 13, a flow-controllable electromagnetic valve 14, a spraying circulating pump 15 and the water tank temperature sensor 16.
Example 1 (applicable to the case where the average winter temperature is higher than 0 ℃) the working method comprises the following steps:
a) when the granary temperature sensor 9 detects that the environmental temperature is lower than 15 ℃, and the water tank temperature sensor 16 detects that the cooling water in the cold storage water tank 1 is higher than the environmental temperature by 5 ℃ and above, the controller 8 opens the electromagnetic valve 7 and the cooling water pump 13, the cooling water in the cold storage water tank 1 is pumped by the spraying circulating pump 15, the water in the cold storage water tank 1 is sprayed by the spraying device 6a after passing through the electromagnetic valve 7, the spraying water 6 absorbs the cold energy of the external environment, the spraying water 6 is recycled by the receiving water tank 6b and returns to the cold storage water tank 1 through the pipeline to store the natural cold energy of the environment, meanwhile, the controller 8 closes the cooling water pump 13 and the electromagnetic valve 14 with controllable flow rate, and opens the air blower 11 to ventilate and cool;
b) when the environment temperature measured by the granary temperature sensor 9 is 15-25 ℃, the controller 8 closes the electromagnetic valve 7 and the spraying circulating pump 15, and opens the air blower 11 to ventilate and cool the granary 10;
c) when the environment temperature measured by the granary temperature sensor 9 is higher than 25 ℃, the controller 8 closes the electromagnetic valve 7, the spraying circulating pump 15 and the air blower 11, opens the cooling water pump 13 and the controllable flow electromagnetic valve 14, the granary 10 stops ventilation cooling, the refrigerating device starts to work, the cooling water pump 13 pumps cooling water in the cold storage water tank 1 to enter the water-cooled coil heat exchanger 12 to cool the granary 10, meanwhile, the controller 8 receives temperature data of the granary temperature sensor 9, controls the opening of the controllable flow electromagnetic valve 14 through an electric signal, adjusts the cooling water flow in the water-cooled coil heat exchanger 12, and controls the opening of the controllable flow electromagnetic valve 14 to be 1/2 when the environment temperature is 25-30 ℃; when the environmental temperature is 30-35 ℃, controlling the opening degree of the controllable flow electromagnetic valve 14 to be 3/4; when the ambient temperature is higher than 35 ℃, controlling the opening of the controllable flow electromagnetic valve 14 to be 1;
d) when the liquid level of the cooling water in the receiving water tank 6b is lower than the set value, the ball float valve 3 and the fluid infusion pump 5 are started, and the cooling water flows into the receiving water tank 6b through the fluid infusion pump 5.
Example 2 (average temperature in winter below 0 ℃ C.)
Fig. 3 and 4 show the structure and the working flow chart of another water-cooling grain storage system based on cross-season cold accumulation. The water-cooling grain storage system based on cross-season cold accumulation comprises an air blower 11 arranged at the upper part of a granary 10, a cold accumulation device, a refrigeration device and a monitoring control device. Cold-storage device not only contains cold-storage pond 1, ball-cock assembly 3, fluid infusion pump 5, solenoid valve 7 and spray circulating pump 15, cold-storage pond 1 is established in the at least 15 meters depths in underground, the delivery port at 1 top in cold-storage pond loops through spray circulating pump 15, spray set 6a is connected to solenoid valve 7, the water outlet of accepting basin 6b of spray set 6a below is connected the return water mouth at 1 top in cold-storage pond, ball-cock assembly 3 establishes in the inside of accepting basin 6b, basin 6b is accepted through the pipe connection to the liquid outlet of fluid infusion pump 5. The cold accumulation device further comprises an antifreeze solution supplement box 4 and a coil heat exchanger 2, an outlet of the antifreeze solution supplement box 4 is connected with a liquid inlet of a liquid supplement pump 5, the coil heat exchanger 2 is arranged in the cold accumulation water tank 1, a liquid outlet of the coil heat exchanger 2 is connected with a spraying device 6a through a spraying circulating pump 15 and an electromagnetic valve 7 in sequence, and an outlet of a bearing water tank 6b at the lower part of the spraying device 6a is connected with a liquid inlet of the coil heat exchanger 2.
The refrigerating device comprises a water-cooled coil heat exchanger 12, a cooling water pump 13 and a flow-controllable solenoid valve 14, wherein the water-cooled coil heat exchanger 12 is arranged at the bottom of the granary 10, a water outlet at the left side of the cold storage water pool 1 is connected with a water inlet of the water-cooled coil heat exchanger 12 through the cooling water pump 13, and an outlet of the water-cooled coil heat exchanger 12 is connected with a water inlet at the left side of the cold storage water pool 1 through the flow-.
The monitoring control device comprises a controller 8, a granary temperature sensor 9 and a water tank temperature sensor 16, wherein the granary temperature sensor 9 is arranged at the upper part of a granary 10, the water tank temperature sensor 16 is arranged in the cold storage water tank 1, and the controller 8 is electrically connected with an electromagnetic valve 7, the granary temperature sensor 9, an air blower 11, a cooling water pump 13, a flow-controllable electromagnetic valve 14, a spraying circulating pump 15 and the water tank temperature sensor 16.
Example 2 (applicable to the case where the average winter temperature is lower than 0 ℃) the working method comprises the following steps:
a) when the granary temperature sensor 9 detects that the ambient temperature is lower than 10 ℃, and the water tank temperature sensor 16 detects that the cooling water in the underground cold storage water tank 1 is higher than the ambient temperature by 5 ℃ and above, the controller 8 controls the electromagnetic valve 7 and the spraying circulating pump 15 to be opened, so that the antifreeze in the coil heat exchanger 2 is extracted by the spraying circulating pump 15, the antifreeze is sprayed by the spraying device 6a after passing through the electromagnetic valve 7, the spray 6 absorbs the cold energy of the external environment, the antifreeze is recovered by the receiving water tank 6b, returns to the coil heat exchanger 2 through a pipeline and transmits the cold energy to the cooling water in the cold storage water tank 1 so as to store the natural cold energy of the environment, and meanwhile, the controller 8 controls the cooling water pump 13 and the flow-controllable electromagnetic valve 14 to be closed, and the blower 11 to be opened, so that the;
b) when the granary temperature sensor 9 detects that the ambient temperature is 10-25 ℃, the controller 8 closes the electromagnetic valve 7 and the spraying circulating pump 15, and opens the air blower 11 to ventilate and cool the granary 10;
c) when the environment temperature measured by the granary temperature sensor 9 is higher than 25 ℃, the controller 8 closes the electromagnetic valve 7, the spraying circulating pump 15 and the air blower 11, opens the cooling water pump 13 and the controllable flow electromagnetic valve 14, so that the cold accumulation device stops absorbing natural cold sources, the granary 10 stops ventilating and cooling, the refrigerating device starts working, the cooling water pump 13 pumps cooling water in the cold accumulation water tank 1 to enter the water-cooled coil heat exchanger 12 to cool the granary 10, the controller 8 receives temperature data of the granary temperature sensor 9, controls the opening of the controllable flow electromagnetic valve 14 through electric signals, adjusts the cooling water flow of the water-cooled coil heat exchanger 12 in the granary 10, and controls the opening of the controllable flow electromagnetic valve 14 to be 1/2 when the environment temperature is 25-30 ℃; when the environmental temperature is 30-35 ℃, controlling the opening degree of the controllable flow electromagnetic valve 14 to be 3/4; when the ambient temperature is higher than 35 ℃, controlling the opening of the controllable flow electromagnetic valve 14 to be 1;
d) when the liquid level of the antifreeze in the receiving water tank 6b is lower than a set value, the ball float valve 3 and the fluid infusion pump 5 are opened, and the antifreeze in the antifreeze supplement tank 4 flows into the receiving water tank 6 b.
The water-cooled coil heat exchanger 12 is placed in the center of the grain bin 10 and is in direct contact with the grains.
In order to ensure the cold accumulation effect of the cold accumulation device, the distance between the underground cold accumulation water tank 1 and the ground is more than 15 meters so as to ensure that the temperature of the soil around the underground cold accumulation water tank 1 is kept below 15 ℃ all the year round, thereby keeping the temperature of cold water continuously stored in the underground cold accumulation water tank 1 below 15 ℃.
The scheme is suitable for the condition that the lowest temperature of the winter environment is below 0 ℃, and the antifreeze solution consisting of 50% of glycol and 50% of water is used as the heat exchange medium of the cold accumulation device.
The above examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not limited thereto. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art may still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or may equally replace some or all of the technical features; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A water-cooling grain storage system based on cross-season cold accumulation comprises an air blower (11) which is arranged at the upper part of a granary (10), it is characterized by that it also includes cold-storage device, refrigerating device and monitoring control device, under the condition of that its average temp. is higher than 0 deg.C in winter, the cold accumulation device comprises a cold accumulation water tank (1), a ball float valve (3), a liquid supplementing pump (5), an electromagnetic valve (7) and a spraying circulating pump (15), the cold accumulation water tank (1) is arranged at least 15 meters deep underground, a water outlet at the top of the cold accumulation water tank (1) is connected with a spraying device (6 a) through the spraying circulating pump (15) and the electromagnetic valve (7) in sequence, a liquid discharge port of a bearing water tank (6 b) below the spraying device (6 a) is connected with a water return port at the top of the cold accumulation water tank (1), the ball float valve (3) is arranged inside the bearing water tank (6 b), and a liquid outlet of the liquid supplementing pump (5) is connected with the;
the refrigerating device comprises a water-cooled coil heat exchanger (12), a cooling water pump (13) and a flow-controllable electromagnetic valve (14), wherein the water-cooled coil heat exchanger (12) is arranged at the bottom of the granary (10), a water outlet at the left side of the cold storage water pool (1) is connected with a water inlet of the water-cooled coil heat exchanger (12) through the cooling water pump (13), and an outlet of the water-cooled coil heat exchanger (12) is connected with a water inlet at the left side of the cold storage water pool (1) through the flow-controllable electromagnetic valve (;
the monitoring control device comprises a controller (8), a granary temperature sensor (9) and a water tank temperature sensor (16), wherein the granary temperature sensor (9) is arranged at the upper part of a granary (10), the water tank temperature sensor (16) is arranged inside the cold storage water tank (1), and the controller (8) is electrically connected with an electromagnetic valve (7), the granary temperature sensor (9), an air blower (11), a cooling water pump (13), a controllable flow electromagnetic valve (14), a spraying circulating pump (15) and the water tank temperature sensor (16);
under the condition that the average temperature is lower than 0 ℃ in winter, the cold accumulation device further comprises an antifreeze solution supplementing box (4) and a coil heat exchanger (2), an outlet of the antifreeze solution supplementing box (4) is connected with a liquid inlet of a liquid supplementing pump (5), the coil heat exchanger (2) is arranged in the cold accumulation water tank (1), a liquid outlet of the coil heat exchanger (2) is connected with a spraying device (6 a) through a spraying circulating pump (15) and an electromagnetic valve (7) in sequence, and an outlet of a bearing water tank (6 b) at the lower part of the spraying device (6 a) is connected with a liquid inlet of the coil heat exchanger (2).
2. The operating method of the grain storage system based on the cross-season cold accumulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein two schemes are adopted:
scheme one is applicable to the condition that the average temperature in winter is higher than 0 ℃, and comprises the following steps:
a) when the granary temperature sensor (9) detects that the environmental temperature is lower than 15 ℃, and the pool temperature sensor (16) detects that the cooling water in the cold storage pool (1) is higher than the environmental temperature by 5 ℃ or above, the controller (8) opens the electromagnetic valve (7) and the cooling water pump (13), the cooling water in the cold storage pool (1) is pumped by the spraying circulating pump (15) to the water in the cold storage pool (1), the water is sprayed by the spraying device (6 a) after passing through the electromagnetic valve (7), the spraying water (6) absorbs the cold energy of the external environment, the spraying water (6) is recovered by the receiving water tank (6 b) and returns to the cold storage pool (1) through the pipeline to store the natural cold energy of the environment, meanwhile, the controller (8) closes the cooling water pump (13) and the controllable flow electromagnetic valve (14), and opens the air blower (11) to ventilate and cool the granary (10);
b) when the granary temperature sensor (9) detects that the ambient temperature is 15-25 ℃, the controller (8) closes the electromagnetic valve (7) and the spraying circulating pump (15), and opens the air blower (11) to ventilate and cool the granary (10);
c) when the environment temperature measured by the granary temperature sensor (9) is higher than 25 ℃, the controller (8) closes the electromagnetic valve (7), the spraying circulating pump (15) and the air blower (11), the cooling water pump (13) and the controllable flow electromagnetic valve (14) are opened, the granary (10) stops ventilation and cooling, the refrigerating device starts to work, the cooling water pump (13) pumps cooling water in the cold storage water tank (1) to enter the water-cooled coil heat exchanger (12) to cool the granary (10), meanwhile, the controller (8) receives temperature data of the granary temperature sensor (9), the opening degree of the controllable flow electromagnetic valve (14) is controlled through electric signals, the cooling water flow in the water-cooled coil heat exchanger (12) is adjusted, and when the environment temperature is 25-30 ℃, the opening degree of the controllable flow electromagnetic valve (14) is controlled to be 1/2; when the environmental temperature is 30-35 ℃, controlling the opening of the controllable flow electromagnetic valve (14) to be 3/4; when the ambient temperature is higher than 35 ℃, controlling the opening of the controllable flow electromagnetic valve (14) to be 1;
d) when the liquid level of the cooling water in the receiving water tank (6 b) is lower than a set value, the ball float valve (3) and the liquid supplementing pump (5) are started, and the cooling water flows into the receiving water tank (6 b) through the liquid supplementing pump (5);
the second scheme is suitable for the condition that the average temperature in winter is lower than 0 ℃, and comprises the following steps:
a) when the granary temperature sensor (9) detects that the ambient temperature is lower than 10 ℃, and the pool temperature sensor (16) detects that the cooling water in the underground cold storage pool (1) is higher than the ambient temperature by 5 ℃ or more, the controller (8) controls the electromagnetic valve (7) and the spraying circulating pump (15) to be opened, so that the antifreeze in the coil heat exchanger (2) is extracted through the spraying circulating pump (15), the antifreeze is sprayed by the spraying device (6 a) after passing through the electromagnetic valve (7), the spray water (6) absorbs the cold energy of the external environment, the antifreeze is recovered through the carrying water tank (6 b), returns to the coil heat exchanger (2) through a pipeline and transmits the cold energy to the cooling water in the cold storage pool (1) to store the natural cold energy of the environment, meanwhile, the controller (8) controls the cooling water pump (13), the electromagnetic valve (14) with controllable flow rate to be closed, and the blower (11) to be opened, ventilating and cooling the granary (10);
b) when the granary temperature sensor (9) detects that the ambient temperature is 10-25 ℃, the controller (8) closes the electromagnetic valve (7) and the spraying circulating pump (15), and opens the air blower (11) to ventilate and cool the granary (10);
c) when the environment temperature measured by the granary temperature sensor (9) is higher than 25 ℃, the controller (8) closes the electromagnetic valve (7), the spraying circulating pump (15) and the air blower (11), opens the cooling water pump (13) and the flow-controllable electromagnetic valve (14) to make the cold accumulation device stop absorbing natural cold source, the granary (10) stops ventilation cooling, the refrigerating device starts working, the cooling water pump (13) extracts cooling water in the cold accumulation water tank (1) to enter the water-cooled coil heat exchanger (12) to cool the granary (10), the controller (8) receives the temperature data of the granary temperature sensor (9), the opening degree of the flow-controllable electromagnetic valve (14) is controlled by electric signals, the cooling water flow of the water-cooled coil heat exchanger (12) in the granary (10) is adjusted, when the environmental temperature is 25-30 ℃, controlling the opening of the controllable flow electromagnetic valve (14) to be 1/2; when the environmental temperature is 30-35 ℃, controlling the opening of the controllable flow electromagnetic valve (14) to be 3/4; when the ambient temperature is higher than 35 ℃, controlling the opening of the controllable flow electromagnetic valve (14) to be 1;
d) when the liquid level of the antifreeze in the receiving water tank (6 b) is lower than a set value, the ball float valve (3) and the liquid supplement pump (5) are opened, and the antifreeze in the antifreeze supplement box (4) flows into the receiving water tank (6 b).
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Cited By (1)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113692861A (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2021-11-26 | 江苏科技大学 | Efficient cooling system for low-temperature grain storage of granary and working method of efficient cooling system |
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