CN112412686A - Double-end power controllable direct-drive type wave power generation system combined with energy storage - Google Patents
Double-end power controllable direct-drive type wave power generation system combined with energy storage Download PDFInfo
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- CN112412686A CN112412686A CN202011249474.1A CN202011249474A CN112412686A CN 112412686 A CN112412686 A CN 112412686A CN 202011249474 A CN202011249474 A CN 202011249474A CN 112412686 A CN112412686 A CN 112412686A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
- F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
- F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
- F03B13/16—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
- F03B13/18—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/32—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from a charging set comprising a non-electric prime mover rotating at constant speed
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of direct-drive wave power generation, in particular to a double-end power controllable direct-drive wave power generation system combined with energy storage. The bottom end of the lower direct-drive motor is provided with a damping disc, and the damping disc is arranged on the seabed through a fixed cable; the upper direct-drive motor is connected with an energy storage device consisting of a super capacitor and a storage battery through an AC/DC rectifier, the lower direct-drive motor is connected with a power grid through an AC/DC rectifier and a DC/AC inverter, and the AC/DC rectifier and the DC/AC inverter form a current conversion device. The invention controls the movement of the rotor of the upper direct-drive motor by controlling the current in the winding coil of the upper direct-drive motor, and transmits the movement to the lower direct-drive motor, so that the lower direct-drive motor always works in a rated state.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of direct-drive wave power generation, in particular to a double-end power controllable direct-drive wave power generation system combined with energy storage.
Background
In recent years, depletion of fossil fuel resources and environmental problems have prompted active research and development of next-generation systems to replace power generation systems using fossil fuels. Among the various energy resources, ocean resources may occupy three quarters of the surface of a sphere, and although people are interested in the ocean, the development of ocean resources is slow. Among the various ocean energy types, ocean wave energy is a renewable energy source with great potential. The wave energy resources are abundant, the global total resources are estimated to be 3TW, the wave energy of east Asia regions can always reach 173GW, the wave energy reserves are 157GW when the regions which cannot be developed are removed by the wave energy less than or equal to 5kW/m and covered by ice layers. If fully utilized, wave energy will make a great contribution to the world's energy supply. China has a long coastline and a wide sea area, wherein ocean energy accounts for the front of the total reserves of the world, and the annual average power of Chinese coastal theory waves is about 1.3 multiplied by 107kW。
Wave energy has many advantages over wind and solar energy, and this is also attracting increasing social attention. Among all renewable energy sources, the energy density of wave energy is 2-3kW/m at the highest2. And the wave energy is intensively distributed near the sea surface, and more than 95% of energy is concentrated between the water surface and the underwater quarter-wavelength water depth, which is very beneficial to the utilization and development of the wave energy. The spatial distribution of wave energy is well matched with the spatial distribution of human social energy demands, and about 60% of the world population lives in coastal areas 100km from the coast, and industrial areas in many countries are distributed around the coast. Wave energy is widely available in ocean areas, and almost no places with extremely deficient wave energy except inland areas provide convenience for electric energy transmission.
But the technical maturity is still increasing due to some challenges that need to be overcome. These challenges include, but are not limited to, effectively capturing the irregular motion of waves directly related to equipment design. In order to operate efficiently, the device and corresponding system must not only be rated for the most common wave power levels, but must also be able to withstand extreme wave conditions at power levels in excess of 2000 kw/m. This not only presents difficult structural engineering challenges, but also economic challenges. Most power take-offs of wave energy harvesting device technology currently installed have complex mechanical connections for driving conventional rotary generators. The function of this power take-off system is to convert the excessive force and linear slow motion of the waves into low torque and high speed rotational motion. The advantage of using a direct drive motor is that the power take-off system is simplified by directly driving the wave energy converter, eliminating mechanical interfaces like a gearbox or hydraulic and pneumatic systems. The direct drive motor is mainly characterized by low speed, large force and short stroke. The inherent characteristics of ocean waves and the urgent need for high power generation have resulted in a significant increase in the size of linear generators. A considerable air gap is necessary due to mechanical considerations, i.e. manufacturing tolerances and high attractive forces between the stator and the mover of the linear permanent magnet generator.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above mentioned drawbacks in the background art, the present invention provides a double-end power controllable direct-drive wave power generation system with energy storage, which controls the motion of the rotor of an upper direct-drive motor by controlling the current in the winding coil of the motor and transmits the motion to a lower direct-drive motor, so that the lower direct-drive motor always operates in a rated state.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a double-end power controllable direct-drive type wave power generation system who combines energy storage, includes float, upper portion direct-drive type motor, lower part direct-drive type motor, the float sets up the up end at incident wave, and the float passes through the float cable and links to each other with the upper portion direct-drive type motor that sets up at the lower extreme, and the upper portion direct-drive type motor links to each other through cable and connecting axle between the motor with the lower part direct-drive type motor. The bottom end of the lower direct-drive motor is provided with a damping disc, and the damping disc is arranged on the seabed through a fixed cable;
the upper direct-drive motor is connected with an energy storage device consisting of the super capacitor and the storage battery through the AC/DC rectifier, the lower direct-drive motor is connected with a power grid through the AC/DC rectifier and the DC/AC inverter, the AC/DC rectifier and the DC/AC inverter form a current conversion device, and the current conversion device is internally provided with a large capacitor.
Further, the upper direct-drive motor comprises an upper direct-drive motor stator yoke, an upper direct-drive motor stator winding coil, an upper direct-drive motor rotor permanent magnet and an upper direct-drive motor rotor yoke, namely the upper direct-drive motor stator winding coil, the upper direct-drive motor rotor permanent magnet and the upper direct-drive motor rotor yoke are composed of a stator provided with the winding coil and a rotor provided with the permanent magnet, the stator and the rotor are both of a cylindrical structure, and the upper direct-drive motor stator winding coil is connected to the energy storage device through an AC/DC rectifier.
Further, the lower direct-drive motor comprises a lower direct-drive motor stator yoke, a lower direct-drive motor stator winding coil, a lower direct-drive motor rotor permanent magnet and a lower direct-drive motor rotor yoke, namely the lower direct-drive motor stator winding coil, the lower direct-drive motor rotor yoke and the lower direct-drive motor rotor yoke are composed of a stator provided with a winding coil, a rotor provided with a permanent magnet and a damping disc arranged at the bottom, and the lower direct-drive motor stator winding coil is connected with a power grid through a current conversion device composed of an AC/DC rectifier and a DC/AC inverter, so that wave energy is finally converted into electric energy to be output to.
Furthermore, the inter-motor cable enables the upper direct-drive motor and the lower direct-drive motor to move only in the heave direction so as to protect the connecting shaft from stress or shearing force in other directions, and the connecting shaft transmits the movement of the rotor of the upper direct-drive motor to the rotor of the lower direct-drive motor.
Further, the damping disc enables the lower direct-drive motor to keep a suspension state on the seabed, and the lower direct-drive motor is connected to the seabed through a fixed cable, so that the power generation device is guaranteed to be static in five degrees of freedom and only moves in a heaving direction.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention adopts a method of double direct-drive motors, wherein the upper direct-drive motor can play the role of a stop spring, can protect a power generation device from mechanical damage under the extreme condition at sea, and can also ensure that a rotor of the lower direct-drive motor can work in a specified stroke range;
2. the upper direct-drive motor is connected with the energy storage device through the AC/DC rectifier, redundant wave energy can be stored when the wave amplitude is too large, and can be released when the wave is small, and the current in a winding coil of the upper direct-drive motor can be controlled through a control method, so that the motion of a rotor is controlled, the kinetic energy transmitted to the lower direct-drive motor by a floater can be controlled, and the lower direct-drive motor can always work in a rated state;
3. the two direct-drive motors are connected through the cable, so that the upper direct-drive motor and the lower direct-drive motor can only move in the heave direction and do not move in other five degrees of freedom, and the middle shaft and the power generation device are protected from being damaged by stress in other directions;
4. the damping disc is arranged at the bottom of the direct drive motor, so that the wave power generation device can keep still in the sea.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a structural view of a wave power generation system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the upper direct drive wave power generator of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the lower direct drive wave power generator of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an overall schematic diagram of the power generation system of the present invention.
Wherein the reference numbers are as follows:
1. incident waves, 2, a floater, 3, a floater cable, 4, an upper direct-drive motor, 5, an inter-motor cable, 6, a connecting shaft, 7, a lower direct-drive motor, 8, a damping disc, 9, a fixed cable, 10, a seabed, 11, an upper direct-drive motor stator yoke, 12, an upper direct-drive motor stator winding coil, 13, an upper direct-drive motor rotor permanent magnet, 14, an upper direct-drive motor rotor yoke, 15, a lower direct-drive motor stator yoke, 16, a lower direct-drive motor stator winding coil, 17, a lower direct-drive motor rotor permanent magnet, 18, a lower direct-drive motor rotor yoke, 19, a super capacitor, 20, a storage battery, 21, an AC/DC rectifier, 22, a DC/AC inverter, 23 and a large capacitor.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A double-end power controllable direct-drive wave power generation system combined with energy storage is shown in figure 1 and comprises a floater 2, an upper direct-drive motor 4, a lower direct-drive motor 7, an AC/DC rectifier 21 and a DC/AC inverter 22.
The floater 2 is arranged on the upper end surface of the incident wave 1, the floater 2 is connected with an upper direct-drive motor 4 arranged at the lower end through a floater cable 3, and the upper direct-drive motor 4 is connected with a lower direct-drive motor 7 through an inter-motor cable 5 and a connecting shaft 6. The bottom end of the lower direct-drive motor 7 is provided with a damping disc 8, and the damping disc 8 is arranged on the seabed 10 through a fixed cable 9. The upper direct-drive motor 4 is connected with an energy storage device consisting of a super capacitor 19 and a storage battery 20 through an AC/DC rectifier 21, the lower direct-drive motor 7 is connected with a power grid through the AC/DC rectifier 21 and a DC/AC inverter 22, and the AC/DC rectifier 21 and the DC/AC inverter 22 form a current conversion device.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 4, the upper direct-drive motor 4 includes an upper direct-drive motor stator yoke 11, an upper direct-drive motor stator winding coil 12, an upper direct-drive motor rotor permanent magnet 13 and an upper direct-drive motor rotor yoke 14, that is, the upper direct-drive motor 4 is composed of a stator provided with a winding coil and a rotor provided with a permanent magnet, the stator and the rotor are both in a cylindrical structure, and the upper direct-drive motor stator winding coil 12 is connected to the energy storage device through an AC/DC rectifier 21. When waves enter, the floater 2 transmits motion to the upper direct-drive motor 4 through the floater cable 3, and as long as relative displacement exists between the stator and the rotor in the upper direct-drive motor 4, kinetic energy transmitted to the rotor from the floater 2 in relative motion can be converted into electric energy on the winding coil through the Faraday electromagnetic induction principle. Meanwhile, because the stator side winding of the upper direct-drive motor 4 is connected to the energy storage device through the AC/DC rectifier 21, the phase and amplitude of three-phase current on a winding coil can be controlled, and the electromagnetic force between the stator side and the rotor side is controllable, so that the motion of the rotor can be controlled to be transmitted to the lower direct-drive motor 7 below, and the installation of a stop spring of the lower direct-drive motor 7 can be avoided through the mode. Moreover, when the amplitude of the incident wave is large, the surplus wave energy can be collected by the upper direct-drive motor 4 and stored in the energy storage device, so that the lower direct-drive motor 7 can be ensured to work in a rated state. When the incident wave amplitude is small, the electric energy in the stored energy can be output through the AC/DC rectifier 21 and converted into the kinetic energy of the rotor of the upper direct-drive motor 4 so as to be transmitted to the lower direct-drive motor 7, so that the lower direct-drive motor can be ensured to work in a rated state all the time. In other words, by applying the upper direct-drive motor 4, the force finally transmitted to the rotor of the lower direct-drive motor 7 by the floater 2 can be controlled, so that the defects that the conventional direct-drive wave power generation device has irregular rotor motion and large fluctuation range of output direct-current bus voltage and current under irregular waves are overcome. By the method, the lower direct-drive motor 7 can always work in a rated state, so that the output direct-current bus voltage and current are stable, and the output electric energy quality is improved.
As shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4, the lower direct-drive motor 7 includes a lower direct-drive motor stator yoke portion 15, a lower direct-drive motor stator winding coil 16, a lower direct-drive motor rotor permanent magnet 17, and a lower direct-drive motor rotor yoke portion 18, that is, the lower direct-drive motor is composed of a stator provided with a winding coil, a rotor provided with a permanent magnet, and a bottom-mounted damping disc 8. And the lower direct-drive motor stator winding coil 16 is connected with the power grid through a converter device consisting of an AC/DC rectifier 21 and a DC/AC inverter 22, wherein a large capacitor 23 in the middle of the converter device plays a role in stabilizing voltage, so that the wave energy is finally converted into electric energy to be output to the power grid. The top end of the lower direct-drive motor 7 is connected with the upper direct-drive motor 4 through a cable 5 and a connecting shaft 6 between the motors, the cable 5 between the motors can enable only the movement in the heave direction between the two direct-drive motors to protect the connecting shaft 6 from stress or shearing force in other directions, and the connecting shaft 6 can transmit the movement of the rotor of the upper direct-drive motor 4 to the rotor of the lower direct-drive motor 7. The motion of the rotor relative to the stator can convert kinetic energy into electric energy to be output from the winding coil, the damping disc 8 at the bottom can enable the lower direct-drive motor 7 to keep a suspension state on the seabed, and the lower direct-drive motor 7 is connected to the seabed 10 through the fixed cable 9, so that the power generation device can be ensured to be static on five degrees of freedom, and only has motion in a heave direction. Because of the existence of the upper direct-drive motor 4, the motion of the rotor of the upper direct-drive motor 4 can be controlled to enable the lower direct-drive motor 7 to work in a rated working state all the time, so when the external environment changes, the influence on the power generation performance of the upper direct-drive motor can be ignored, and the output direct-current bus voltage is stable. And the lower direct-drive motor 7 still works in a rated state under extreme sea conditions or when sea waves are small.
The invention is based on the above method, and the wave incident power P is determinedwRated power P of lower direct-drive motorDWhen the lower direct-drive motor 7 is in a rated working state, other losses of the two motors, mechanical friction, viscous friction of seawater and the like are ignored, and a cable between the floater 2 and the upper direct-drive motor 4 is assumed to be always in a tight state, namely the movement of the floater 2 is coupled with the movement of the two motors.
At sea with large wave amplitudes or under extreme conditions, i.e. Pw≥PDTime, wave incident power PwShould equal the power P of the upper direct-drive motor 4URated power P of lower direct-drive motor 7DSum of the 4 power P of the upper direct-drive motorUThe rated power P of the lower direct-drive motor 7 is output to an energy storage device through an AC/DC rectifier 21DIs output to the grid through a converter arrangement consisting of an AC/DC rectifier 21 and a DC/AC inverter 22. Force F on stator of upper direct-drive motorUSComprises the following steps:
FUS＝FB-FUE
wherein FBIs the pulling force of the floater on the upper part of the stator of the direct-drive motor 4, FUEIs the electromagnetic force to which the stator of the upper direct drive motor 4 is subjected.
Force F on upper direct-drive motor 4 rotorUTComprises the following steps:
FUT＝FUE-FDE
wherein FDEThe rotor of the lower direct-drive motor 7 is tensile force in the direction of the rotor of the upper direct-drive motor 4, namely the electromagnetic force applied to the rotor when the lower direct-drive motor 7 is in a rated working state.
At sea with small wave amplitude or in the absence of waves, i.e. Pw＜PDAt this time, the incident power of the waves cannot meet the requirement that the lower direct-drive motor 7 works in the rated state, and the energy in the stored energy is output to the upper direct-drive motor 4, so that the rated working state of the lower direct-drive motor 7 is met. Rated power P of lower direct-drive motor 7DShould be equal to the incident wave power PwAnd 4 power P of upper direct drive motorUAnd (4) summing. At the moment, the stored energy outputs power to the upper direct-drive motor 4 through the converter device, and the rated power P of the lower direct-drive motor 7DStill output to the grid through the converter device. At the moment, the upper part directly drives the stress F on the motor 4 statorUSComprises the following steps:
FUS＝FB-FUE
wherein FBIs the pulling force of the floater 2 to the stator of the upper direct-drive motor 4, FUEIs the electromagnetic force to which the stator of the upper direct drive motor 4 is subjected.
Force F on upper direct-drive motor 4 rotorUTComprises the following steps:
FUT＝FUE-FDE
wherein FDEThe rotor of the lower direct-drive motor 7 is tensile force in the direction of the rotor of the upper direct-drive motor 4, namely the electromagnetic force applied to the rotor when the lower direct-drive motor 7 is in a rated working state.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a double-end power controllable direct-drive type wave power generation system who combines energy storage, includes float (2), upper portion direct-drive type motor (4), lower part direct-drive type motor (7), its characterized in that, float (2) set up the up end at incident wave (1), and float (2) link to each other through float cable (3) and upper portion direct-drive type motor (4) of setting at the lower extreme, and upper portion direct-drive type motor (4) and lower part direct-drive type motor (7) between link to each other through cable (5) and connecting axle (6) between the motor. The bottom end of the lower direct-drive motor (7) is provided with a damping disc (8), and the damping disc (8) is arranged on a seabed (10) through a fixed cable (9);
the upper direct-drive motor (4) is connected with an energy storage device consisting of a super capacitor (19) and a storage battery (20) through an AC/DC rectifier (21), the lower direct-drive motor (7) is connected with a power grid through the AC/DC rectifier (21) and a DC/AC inverter (22), the AC/DC rectifier (21) and the DC/AC inverter (22) form a converter device, and a large capacitor (23) is arranged in the converter device.
2. A double-ended power controllable direct-drive wave power generation system combined with energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper direct-drive motor (4) comprises an upper direct-drive motor stator yoke (11), an upper direct-drive motor stator winding coil (12), an upper direct-drive motor rotor permanent magnet (13) and an upper direct-drive motor rotor yoke (14), i.e. consisting of a stator mounted with winding coils and a rotor mounted with permanent magnets, both the stator and the rotor are cylindrical structures, and the upper direct-drive motor stator winding coil (12) is connected to the energy storage device through an AC/DC rectifier (21).
3. The double-end power controllable direct-drive wave power generation system combining with energy storage of claim 1 is characterized in that the lower direct-drive motor (7) comprises a lower direct-drive motor stator yoke (15), a lower direct-drive motor stator winding coil (16), a lower direct-drive motor rotor permanent magnet (17) and a lower direct-drive motor rotor yoke (18), namely, the lower direct-drive motor stator yoke is composed of a stator provided with a winding coil, a rotor provided with a permanent magnet and a damping disc (8) arranged at the bottom, and the lower direct-drive motor stator winding coil (16) is connected with a power grid through a converter composed of an AC/DC rectifier (21) and a DC/AC inverter (22), so that wave energy is finally converted into electric energy to be output to the power grid.
4. The double-ended power controllable direct-drive wave power generation system combining energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that the inter-motor cable (5) enables the upper direct-drive motor (4) and the lower direct-drive motor (7) to move only in the heave direction to protect the connecting shaft (6) from stress or shear forces in other directions, and the connecting shaft (6) transmits the motion of the rotor of the upper direct-drive motor (4) to the rotor of the lower direct-drive motor (7).
5. A double-ended power controllable direct drive wave power system combined with energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that the damping disc (8) keeps the lower direct drive motor (7) in suspension on the sea floor, and the lower direct drive motor (7) is connected to the sea floor (10) through a fixed cable (9), ensuring the power plant to be stationary in five degrees of freedom with only heave direction motion.
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| CN113364135A (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2021-09-07 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Electric energy transmission system of deep offshore wind farm |
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