CN112411595B

CN112411595B - Combined tower crane foundation for deep foundation pit operation

Info

Publication number: CN112411595B
Application number: CN202011240422.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 高峰; 金锦阳; 杨熠欣; 艾雪飞; 杨小伟; 曾宪锟
Original assignee: Chongqing Yufa Construction Co ltd
Current assignee: Chongqing Yufa Construction Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-11-09
Filing date: 2020-11-09
Publication date: 2022-02-08
Anticipated expiration: 2040-11-09
Also published as: CN112411595A

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of buildings, in particular to a combined tower crane foundation for deep foundation pit operation, which comprises an upper tower crane platform, a lower tower crane platform, steel lattice columns and support piles, wherein the upper tower crane platform is positioned above the lower tower crane platform, the steel lattice columns are arranged between the upper tower crane platform and the lower tower crane platform, the number of the support piles is at least five, the top ends of four support piles are fixedly connected to four corners of the bottom of the lower tower crane platform, the top ends of other support piles are fixedly connected to the middle of the bottom of the lower tower crane platform, the axis of each steel lattice column is coincided with the axis of each support pile, and the bottom ends of the steel lattice columns are fixedly connected to the support piles. This scheme has improved the stability of combination formula tower crane foundation.

Description

Combined tower crane foundation for deep foundation pit operation

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of buildings, in particular to a combined tower crane foundation for deep foundation pit operation.

Background

With the continuous development of infrastructure construction in China, large deep foundation pits emerge continuously, large machinery (tower cranes) which are used for horizontal transportation and vertical transportation in foundation pits are often required to be arranged in basements due to the limitation of narrow terrain conditions, but the tower cranes cannot be installed in the pits according to the conventional tower crane foundation form, and at the moment, the tower cranes are required to be installed by adopting a combined tower crane foundation of a reverse construction method.

At present, combination formula tower crane foundation is four pile platforms usually, and traditional combination formula tower crane foundation includes tower crane upper mounting plate, tower crane lower mounting plate, steel lattice column and four spinal branchs that also is very common, and four spinal branchs support four spinal branchs and support four angular positions on whole combination formula tower crane foundation respectively. The supporting piles are usually pressure-grouting piles, and the construction process of the pressure-grouting piles is still in the development stage at present, the technology is not mature, so that the construction process is influenced by the limitation of the pressure-grouting pile construction process, the stability of the existing combined tower crane foundation is not high, and the stability of the combined tower crane foundation needs to be improved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a combined tower crane foundation for deep foundation pit operation so as to improve the stability of the combined tower crane foundation.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: combination formula tower crane basis of deep basal pit operation usefulness, including the tower crane upper platform, platform under the tower crane, steel lattice column and support stake, the tower crane upper platform is located the top of platform under the tower crane, steel lattice column installs under tower crane upper platform and tower crane between the platform, the quantity of supporting the stake is five at least, wherein four top fixed connection that support the stake are on four angles of platform bottom under the tower crane, the middle part of platform bottom under the tower crane of top fixed connection of other support stake, the axis of steel lattice column should coincide with the axis of supporting the stake, the bottom fixed connection of steel lattice column is on supporting the stake.

The principle and the advantages of the scheme are as follows: 1. steel lattice column is located under tower crane upper platform and the tower crane between the platform, steel lattice column is the power transmission component between platform under tower crane upper platform and the tower crane, so steel lattice column atress is great, and steel lattice column and support stake fixed connection are in the same place in this scheme, steel lattice column and axis and the axis coincidence of supporting the stake, the power that steel lattice column received like this can direct downward transmission for supporting the stake, thereby the atress of platform under the tower crane has been reduced, be favorable to making whole combination formula tower crane basis more stable.

2. Support the quantity of stake in this scheme and be five at least, compare four current pile platforms, the quantity of supporting the stake has been increased, wherein four support stake and steel lattice column when supporting platform four corners and tower crane upper mounting plate under the tower crane, other unnecessary support stake and steel lattice column can support the middle part of platform and tower crane upper mounting plate under the tower crane respectively, thereby make the position that platform was supported under tower crane upper mounting plate and the tower crane become more, the power that platform born under tower crane upper mounting plate and the tower crane can disperse on more support stake and steel lattice column, and then improved the stability on combination formula tower crane basis, like this can be safer in whole building construction process.

Preferably, as an improvement, the top end of the steel lattice column is fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper platform of the tower crane. From this, the tower crane upper mounting plate can not passed on the top of steel lattice column, and the top of steel lattice column offsets with the bottom of tower crane upper mounting plate, provides the holding power to the tower crane upper mounting plate to make the more stable of tower crane upper mounting plate.

Preferably, as a refinement, the bottom end of the steel lattice column is inserted into the support pile and cast with the support pile. From this, through inserting the bottom of steel lattice column in the support stake to pour the bottom of steel lattice column and support stake together, make steel lattice column and support stake be connected more firmly.

Preferably, as an improvement, the support pile is a drilled pressure-cast pile. Compared with other types of piles, the drilled pressure grouting pile has the advantages of no need of cement paste or slurry wall protection, high construction efficiency, high construction speed, stable quality, low construction cost and the like during construction. However, the pile diameter of the drilled pressure filling pile is smaller, the stability is not high, the steel lattice column and the pressure filling pile are poured together in a mode that the steel lattice column is added to the pressure filling pile, the structural strength of the pressure filling pile is improved through the steel lattice column, and the structural stability of the pressure filling pile is improved.

Preferably, as an improvement, the steel lattice column includes a plurality of lacing bars and four angle steels, and four angle steels piece into square structure, and lacing bar fixed connection is between two adjacent angle steels. Therefore, the connection of the adjacent angle steels is realized through the lacing strips.

Preferably, as an improvement, be equipped with horizontal connecting piece and oblique connecting piece on the steel lattice column on four angles of platform under the tower crane, the both ends of horizontal connecting piece are fixed connection respectively on adjacent steel lattice column, and the both ends of oblique connecting piece are fixed connection respectively also on adjacent steel lattice column. From this, through the connection of horizontal connecting piece and oblique connecting piece for restrict each other, restrict between the adjacent steel lattice column, the structure of whole steel lattice column is more stable.

Preferably, as an improvement, be equipped with two intercrossing's horizontal tie rod on the tower crane upper mounting plate, the tip of two horizontal tie rods is on the steel lattice column on four angles of tower crane upper mounting plate's of fixed connection respectively. From this, through the tip fixed connection of horizontal tie rod on the steel lattice column, the horizontal tie rod further restricts, restricts the steel lattice column, and the overall structure of steel lattice column is more stable, and the atress of tower crane upper mounting plate can be more stable.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of a combined tower crane foundation for deep foundation pit operation.

Fig. 2 is a top view of a steel lattice column inserted into a pressure cast pile.

FIG. 3 is a layout diagram of a lower platform of a tower crane.

Fig. 4 is a layout diagram of a horizontal tie rod on an upper platform of a tower crane.

Fig. 5 is a plan view of the positioning mechanism at the bottom of the steel lattice column in embodiment 2, mainly showing a state where the positioning bit is extended.

Fig. 6 is a front view of the fixed block, mainly showing the slider inside the fixed block.

FIG. 7 is an elevation view of a positioning drill bit.

Fig. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of fig. 7.

FIG. 9 is a front view of the bayonet.

Detailed Description

The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:

reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the device comprises a fixing plate 1, a fixing block 2, a positioning drill bit 3, a driving rod 4, a strip-shaped hole 5, a bayonet 6, a rotating ring 7, a key 8, a driving shaft 9, an arc-shaped hole 10, a pawl 11, a one-way tooth 12, a sliding block 13, an annular groove 14, a sliding groove 15, a supporting pile 16, a tower crane lower platform 17, a steel lattice column 18, a tower crane upper platform 19, a transverse connecting piece 20, an oblique connecting piece 21, a middle pile 22, angle steel 23, a steel reinforcement cage 24, a batten 25 and a horizontal tie rod 26.

Example 1

Substantially as shown in figures 1 to 4 of the accompanying drawings: the combined tower crane foundation for deep foundation pit operation comprises an upper tower crane platform 19, a lower tower crane platform 17, steel lattice columns 18 and support piles 16. The support piles 16 in this embodiment are long auger bored pressure cast piles, the number of support piles 16 is at least five, preferably five in this embodiment, one support pile 16 is located in the middle of the other four support piles 16, so this support pile 16 located in the middle is defined as a middle pile 22.

Referring to fig. 2, the lattice column 18 in this embodiment includes a plurality of lacing bars 25 and four angle steels 23, the four angle steels 23 are spliced to form a square structure, and the lacing bars 25 are welded between two adjacent angle steels 23, that is, the lacing bars 25 are welded on four sides of the direction structure formed by the lattice column 18. The tower crane upper platform 19 in this embodiment is located the top of tower crane lower platform 17, and it is shown in combination with fig. 3 that wherein four top ends of supporting pile 16 pour on four angles of tower crane lower platform 17 bottom, and the top end of another supporting pile (middle pile 22) is pour on the middle part of tower crane lower platform 17 bottom. In order to improve the firmness of the connection between the steel lattice column 18 and the support pile 16, the axis of the steel lattice column 18 is overlapped with the axis of the support pile 16, the bottom end of the steel lattice column 18 downwards penetrates through the lower tower crane platform 17, the bottom end of the steel lattice column 18 is inserted into the support pile 16, and the steel lattice column 18 is poured inside the support pile 16. The top end of the steel lattice column 18 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper platform 19 of the tower crane in a pouring mode.

Referring to fig. 1, in this embodiment, the steel lattice columns 18 at four corners of the lower platform 17 of the tower crane are provided with transverse connecting members 20 and oblique connecting members 21, two ends of each transverse connecting member 20 are respectively fixedly connected to the adjacent steel lattice columns 18 through bolts, and two ends of each oblique connecting member 21 are also respectively fixedly connected to the adjacent steel lattice columns 18 through bolts. Referring to fig. 4, the tower crane upper platform 19 in this embodiment is provided with two horizontal tie bars 26 that intersect with each other, and the end portions of the two horizontal tie bars 26 are respectively welded to the steel lattice columns 18 on the four diagonal lines of the tower crane upper platform 19.

The specific implementation process comprises the following steps: five holes are drilled at the bottom of the foundation pit through a construction mode of the long spiral drilling pressure filling pile, after drilling is finished, the drill bit is lifted upwards, and meanwhile concrete is poured into the holes through the hollow drill bit inside. And after the drill bit is completely pulled out of the hole, the top of the foundation pit is filled with concrete. Before the concrete in the hole is dried, the steel reinforcement cage 24 and the assembled steel lattice column 18 are placed into the hole, and when the steel lattice column 18 is lowered, the verticality is controlled in a two-way mode through two theodolites, and accurate positioning is required. After the concrete in the hole has dried, the support pile 16 is formed and the bottom end of the steel lattice column 18 and the support pile 16 are poured together. Then, a tower crane lower platform 17 is poured at the bottom of the foundation pit, after the hardness of the tower crane lower platform 17 reaches a certain requirement, a tower crane upper platform 19 is poured at the top end of the steel lattice column 18, meanwhile, two horizontal tie bars 26 are used for fixing the diagonal positions of the top end of the steel lattice column 18, and the middle parts of the steel lattice column 18 are fixed by a plurality of transverse connecting pieces 20 and oblique connecting pieces 21.

Example 2

In the embodiment 1, the construction of the tower crane foundation is carried out by pouring concrete into the hole, and then placing the reinforcement cage 24 and the steel lattice column 18 into the hole at the bottom of the foundation pit. Of course, the tower crane foundation can also be constructed by drilling the bottom of the foundation pit, placing the reinforcement cage 24 and the steel lattice column 18 into the hole, and then pouring concrete. No matter which kind of construction method is adopted, all need to make steel lattice column 18 be in vertical state, steel lattice column 18 can not take place offset, otherwise can influence the stability of whole tower crane foundation.

When the tower crane foundation is built by adopting the latter mode, the steel lattice column 18 is placed firstly, concrete is poured later, when the concrete is poured into the hole, the concrete has certain impact force, so that certain impact is caused on the steel lattice column 18 in the hole at the bottom of the foundation pit, in addition, the poured concrete can occupy certain space in the hole at the bottom of the foundation pit, when the hole at the bottom of the foundation pit is filled, the steel lattice column 18 can float upwards, the steel lattice column 18 can be moved when the concrete is poured, the position of the steel lattice column 18 is inaccurate, and the improvement of the stability of the whole tower crane foundation is not facilitated. If mechanical equipment is used for supporting and positioning the steel lattice column 18 all the time in the concrete pouring process, the mechanical equipment is occupied all the time and cannot be used for other purposes, and in addition, large-scale mechanical equipment occupies a space and is troublesome to operate.

For this reason, in this embodiment, be equipped with a plurality of positioning mechanism on the axial direction on the position that steel lattice column 18 inserted in the hole of foundation ditch bottom, combine as shown in fig. 5, positioning mechanism is including welding fixed plate 1 of transversely placing on steel lattice column 18 is inside, all welds on four angles of fixed plate 1 and has fixed block 2, and sliding connection has location drill bit 3 on fixed block 2, combines as shown in fig. 6, and concrete sliding mode is: the fixed block 2 is provided with a hole for the positioning drill 3 to pass through, and the positioning drill 3 passes through the hole on the fixed block 2. A hole through which the positioning drill bit 3 passes is formed in the side surface of the steel lattice column 18, and as shown in fig. 7-8, one end of the positioning drill bit 3 in the embodiment is a tip, the tip faces the outer side of the steel lattice column 18, an annular groove 14 is formed in the other end of the positioning drill bit 3, the section of the annular groove 14 is a dovetail groove, a curved sliding groove 15 is formed in the outer side wall of the positioning drill bit 3, a sliding block 13 is welded to the inner wall of the fixing block 2, and the sliding block 13 is located in the sliding groove 15 of the positioning drill bit 3 and can slide in the sliding groove 15.

Referring to fig. 5, a rotating ring 7 is disposed on the fixed plate 1, the rotating ring 7 is rotatably connected to the fixed plate 1, and the specific rotating mode is as follows: an annular groove is formed in the fixed plate 1, a sliding block is welded on the rotating ring 7, and the sliding block is located in the annular groove. The welding has four actuating levers 4 on the swivel becket 7, four actuating levers 4 are around 7 circumference evenly distributed of swivel becket, be equipped with bar hole 5 on the actuating lever 4, be connected with bayonet lock 6 as shown in figure 9 between bar hole 5 and the ring channel 14 of location drill bit 3, the welding of the both ends of bayonet lock 6 has the anticreep piece, the one end sliding connection of bayonet lock 6 is in the ring channel 14 of location drill bit 3 like this, the other end card of bayonet lock 6 is in bar hole 5, bayonet lock 6 is difficult to break away from on location drill bit 3 and the actuating lever 4.

In addition, an arc-shaped hole 10 is formed in the rotating ring 7, a plurality of unidirectional teeth 12 which are uniformly distributed circumferentially are welded on the edge of the rotating ring 7, a pawl 11 rotates on the fixed plate 1 through a pin shaft, and a torsion spring is arranged between the pawl 11 and the rotating connection part of the fixed plate 1, so that the pawl 11 abuts against the unidirectional teeth 12 under the action of the torsion spring. Two key grooves are formed in the inner wall of the rotating ring 7, a driving shaft 9 is inserted into a hole in the middle of the rotating ring 7, and the driving shaft 9 is clamped in the key grooves through keys 8. The fixing plate 1 is provided with a hole for the driving shaft 9 to pass through, the fixing plate 1 does not obstruct the driving shaft 9 from vertically passing through, and thus, one driving shaft 9 can simultaneously pass through the fixing plates 1 on a plurality of positioning mechanisms on the steel lattice column 18 to drive the plurality of positioning mechanisms.

Before the steel lattice column 18 is placed in the hole in the bottom of the foundation pit, the tip of the positioning drill 3 is located inside the fixing block 2, so that the tip of the positioning drill 3 does not protrude above the steel lattice column 18 and affect the lowering of the steel lattice column 18 into the hole in the bottom of the foundation pit.

After the steel lattice column 18 is placed in the hole at the bottom of the foundation pit, after the position is adjusted, before the steel lattice column 18 is loosened, a motor on external mechanical equipment drives a driving shaft 9 to rotate, the driving shaft 9 drives a rotating ring 7 to rotate through a key 8, the rotating ring 7 rotates clockwise, the rotating ring 7 pushes a positioning drill bit 3 to slide on a fixed block 2 through a clamping pin 6, the tip of the positioning drill bit 3 extends out of the fixed block 2, and the four positioning drill bits 3 extend out of the side wall of the steel lattice column 18 and are inserted into the soil of the side wall of the hole at the bottom of the foundation pit. Simultaneously, location drill bit 3 is at the axial displacement in-process, because slider 13 on the fixed block 2 inner wall is fixed, and slider 13 is arranged in spout 15, consequently location drill bit 3 also takes place to rotate at the axial displacement in-process, compares and directly pushes into the soil with location drill bit 3, makes like this that location drill bit 3 more easily bores in the inner wall soil in foundation ditch bottom hole. Meanwhile, during clockwise rotation of the rotating ring 7, similar to a ratchet-pawl mechanism, the pawls 11 slip on the one-way teeth 12, and the pawls 11 do not affect normal rotation of the rotating ring 7. The tip and the one-way tooth 12 of pawl 11 offset, because pawl 11 offsets with one-way tooth 12, consequently swivel 7 can not anticlockwise antiport, and swivel 7 can only clockwise directional rotation to make location drill bit 3 insert more stable on the hole lateral wall of soil, location drill bit 3 is difficult to reverse and shifts out, and location drill bit 3 inserts more stable in soil. After the pilot bit 3 has been drilled into the inner wall of the hole in the soil, the drive shaft 9 is pulled out of the steel lattice column 18.

Through this embodiment, have following advantage: 1. before concreting, the positioning drill bits 3 on the plurality of positioning mechanisms on the steel lattice column 18 are inserted on the side wall of the soil hole, so that the positioning of the steel lattice column 18 is realized, and thus, when concreting, the steel lattice column 18 is not easy to move, and the stability of the final tower crane foundation is better. 2. This scheme has realized the simultaneous drive of a plurality of positioning mechanism through a drive shaft 9, and easy operation is convenient, inserts the inside wall in soil hole through a plurality of location drill bits 3 on the 18 axial of steel lattice column a plurality of positioning mechanism, compares and only is equipped with a positioning mechanism on the 18 last positioning mechanism of steel lattice column, and the location effect is better. 3. The drive shaft 9 rotates in-process, and the swivel 7 takes place to rotate, and the swivel 7 removes simultaneously through four location drill bits 3 of four actuating levers 4 drive, need not single drive location drill bit 3 and removes, and easy operation is convenient, and is faster to steel lattice column 18 positioning speed. 4. Location drill bit 3 takes place the rotation simultaneously at the removal in-process, has realized boring into soil with location drill bit 3, compares in location drill bit 3 directly pushes into soil, and location drill bit 3 enters into soil laborsaving more. 5. After location drill bit 3 entered into soil, under the effect of pawl 11 and one-way tooth 12, antiport can not take place for swivel becket 7 to make location drill bit 3 insert can not withdraw from and contract in soil, location drill bit 3 inserts more stable in soil, uses more surely.

The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention and common general knowledge in the art of designing and/or characterizing particular aspects and/or features is not described in any greater detail herein. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical solution of the present invention, several variations and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.

Claims

1. Combination formula tower crane basis that deep basal pit operation was used, platform, steel lattice column and support stake under tower crane upper mounting plate, the tower crane, its characterized in that: the tower crane upper platform is positioned above a tower crane lower platform, the steel lattice columns are installed between the tower crane upper platform and the tower crane lower platform, the number of the support piles is at least five, the top ends of four support piles are fixedly connected to four corners of the bottom of the tower crane lower platform, the top ends of other support piles are fixedly connected to the middle of the bottom of the tower crane lower platform, the axis of each steel lattice column is coincided with the axis of each support pile, and the bottom ends of the steel lattice columns are fixedly connected to the support piles;

a plurality of positioning mechanisms are arranged in the axial direction on the part of the steel lattice column inserted into the hole at the bottom of the foundation pit, each positioning mechanism comprises a transversely-placed fixing plate welded inside the steel lattice column, fixing blocks are welded on four corners of each fixing plate, a positioning drill bit is connected onto each fixing block in a sliding manner, a hole for the positioning drill bit to pass through is formed in each fixing block, and the positioning drill bit passes through the hole in each fixing block; the side surface of the steel lattice column is provided with a hole for the positioning drill bit to pass through, one end of the positioning drill bit is a tip end, the tip end faces the outer side of the steel lattice column, the other end of the positioning drill bit is provided with an annular groove, the cross section of the annular groove is in a dovetail groove shape, the outer side wall of the positioning drill bit is provided with a bent sliding groove, the inner wall of the fixed block is welded with a sliding block, and the sliding block is positioned in the sliding groove of the positioning drill bit and can slide in the sliding groove;

the fixed plate is provided with a rotating ring, the rotating ring is rotatably connected to the fixed plate, the rotating ring is welded with four driving rods, the four driving rods are uniformly distributed around the circumference of the rotating ring, the driving rods are provided with strip-shaped holes, clamping pins are connected between the strip-shaped holes and the annular grooves of the positioning drill bits, anti-falling blocks are welded at two ends of the clamping pins, one ends of the clamping pins are slidably connected in the annular grooves of the positioning drill bits, and the other ends of the clamping pins are clamped in the strip-shaped holes;

the rotating ring is provided with an arc-shaped hole, the edge of the rotating ring is welded with a plurality of unidirectional teeth which are uniformly distributed on the circumference, the fixed plate rotates with a pawl through a pin shaft, a torsion spring is arranged between the pawl and the rotating connection part of the fixed plate, and the pawl is abutted against the unidirectional teeth under the action of the torsion spring; two key grooves are formed in the inner wall of the rotating ring, a driving shaft is inserted into a hole in the middle of the rotating ring, and the driving shaft is clamped in the key grooves through keys; the fixing plate is provided with a hole for the driving shaft to pass through.

2. The combined tower crane foundation for deep foundation pit operation according to claim 1, wherein: the top end of the steel lattice column is fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper platform of the tower crane.

3. The combined tower crane foundation for deep foundation pit operation according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom end of the steel lattice column is inserted into the support pile and poured together with the support pile.

4. The combined tower crane foundation for the deep foundation pit operation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the supporting pile is a drilling pressure-filling pile.

5. The combined tower crane foundation for deep foundation pit operation according to claim 4, wherein: the steel lattice column comprises a plurality of lacing bars and four angle steels, wherein the four angle steels are spliced into a square structure, and the lacing bars are fixedly connected between the two adjacent angle steels.

6. The combined tower crane foundation for deep foundation pit operation according to claim 4, wherein: be equipped with horizontal connecting piece and oblique connecting piece on the steel lattice column on four angles of platform under the tower crane, the both ends difference fixed connection of horizontal connecting piece is on adjacent steel lattice column, the both ends of oblique connecting piece are fixed connection also respectively on adjacent steel lattice column.

7. The combined tower crane foundation for deep foundation pit operation according to claim 6, wherein: two horizontal tie rods which are mutually crossed are arranged on the upper platform of the tower crane, and the end parts of the two horizontal tie rods are respectively and fixedly connected with steel lattice columns on four corners of the upper platform of the tower crane.