CN112408994A - 一种用于激光烧结陶瓷3d打印的陶瓷微粒制备工艺 - Google Patents
一种用于激光烧结陶瓷3d打印的陶瓷微粒制备工艺 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于激光烧结陶瓷3D打印的陶瓷微粒制备工艺,包括原料处理、粘接剂配制、原料混合、喷雾造粒与加热干燥处理步骤;本发明通过在陶瓷微粒制备的工艺中添加研磨过程中对陶瓷微粒原料的微粒直径进行控制,并在研磨后对经过处理的陶瓷微粒原料进行筛分处理,从而保证原料粒径在合适的范围内,以适应激光烧结制备过程中激光打印机对材料的要求;通过采用喷雾造粒的工艺使得陶瓷微粒均匀细腻,进而保证材料在打印的过程中性能稳定、烧结过程更均匀;另外在喷雾造粒后对陶瓷颗粒进行加热干燥处理,从而获得稳定的陶瓷微粒,也使得本工艺制备的陶瓷微粒使用效果好、强度高且易于推广。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于陶瓷微粒制备技术领域,更具体地说,尤其涉及一种用于激光烧结陶瓷3D打印的陶瓷微粒制备工艺。
背景技术
3D打印技术是目前一种新兴快速成型技术,它是一种以数字模型文件为基础,运用粉末状材料、丝状、膏体状等材料,通过逐层打印的方式来构造物体的技术。随着3D打印技术的发展和应用,材料成为限制3D打印技术未来走向的关键因素之一,在某种程度上,材料的发展决定着3D打印能否有更广泛的应用。目前3D打印材料主要包括高分子材料、金属材料、无机非金属材料和食品材料等。
陶瓷3D打印工艺采用的原材料为陶瓷粉末或陶瓷浆料,3D打印用的陶瓷粉末是陶瓷粉末和某一种粘结剂粉末所组成的混合物。由于粘结剂粉末的熔点较低,激光烧结时只是将粘结剂粉末熔化而使陶瓷粉末粘结在一起。在激光烧结之后,需要将陶瓷制品放入到温控炉中,在较高的温度下进行后处理。陶瓷粉末和粘结剂粉末的配比会影响到陶瓷零部件的性能。粘结剂分量越多,烧结比较容易,但在后处理过程中零件收缩比较大,会影响零件的尺寸精度,粘结剂分量少,则不易烧结成型。颗粒的表面形貌及原始尺寸对陶瓷材料烧结性能非常重要,陶瓷颗粒越小,表面越接近球形,陶瓷层的烧结质量越好。陶瓷粉末在激光直接快速烧结时,液相表面张力大,在快速凝固过程中会产生较大的热应力,从而形成较多的微裂纹,有必要对陶瓷材料进行改进以满足打印的需要。为此我们提出一种用于激光烧结陶瓷3D打印的陶瓷微粒制备工艺。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决现有技术中存在的缺点,通过在陶瓷微粒制备的工艺中添加研磨过程中对陶瓷微粒原料的微粒直径进行控制,并在研磨后对经过处理的陶瓷微粒原料进行筛分处理,从而保证原料粒径在合适的范围内,以适应激光烧结制备过程中激光打印机对材料的要求;通过采用喷雾造粒的工艺使得陶瓷微粒均匀细腻,进而保证材料在打印的过程中性能稳定、烧结过程更均匀;另外在喷雾造粒后对陶瓷颗粒进行加热干燥处理,从而获得稳定的陶瓷微粒,也使得本工艺制备的陶瓷微粒使用效果好、强度高且易于推广,而提出的一种用于激光烧结陶瓷3D打印的陶瓷微粒制备工艺。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:一种用于激光烧结陶瓷3D打印的陶瓷微粒制备工艺,所述陶瓷微粒包括陶瓷微粒原料、陶瓷熔块、粘接剂与脱泡剂,其中按照质量份数计,陶瓷熔块的成分包括硼酸10-15份、矿化剂10-12份、氧化锌10-12份、石英15-20份、方解石10-12份、白云石5-6份与钾长石20-22份;
陶瓷微粒制备工艺还包括如下步骤:
S1、原料处理,对陶瓷微粒原料进行精细研磨处理,使得陶瓷微粒中成分保持均匀,并对研磨处理过的陶瓷微粒原料进行筛分处理,使过筛陶瓷微粒原料的粒径保持在合适的范围内;
S2、粘接剂配制,将粘接剂中的树脂与溶剂按照一定比例混合,其中胶水中树脂与溶剂的比例为9.5:100,加热后混合直至树脂完全溶解于溶剂中,位置温度至少十分种后结束;
S3、原料混合,将陶瓷微粒原料、陶瓷熔块、粘接剂与脱泡剂等组分配料加入混合装置中,加热至一定的温度进行持续搅拌至少2-5小时,最终形成混合物料;
S4、喷雾造粒,将步骤S3中最终的混合物料投入喷雾造粒机,通过喷雾造粒机将其物料喷成雾状,从而得到微米级的陶瓷颗粒;
S5、加热干燥处理,通过加热装置对喷雾造粒机中喷出的微米级的陶瓷颗粒进行加热干燥,从而形成可直接用于激光烧结陶瓷3D打印的陶瓷颗粒耗材原料。
优选的,其中按照质量份数计,陶瓷熔块的成分包括硼酸10份、矿化剂10份、氧化锌10份、石英15份、方解石10份、白云石5份与钾长石20份。
优选的,其中按照质量份数计,陶瓷熔块的成分包括硼酸15份、矿化剂12份、氧化锌12份、石英20份、方解石12份、白云石6份与钾长石22份。
优选的,其中按照质量份数计,陶瓷熔块的成分包括硼酸13份、矿化剂11份、氧化锌11份、石英17份、方解石11份、白云石5.5份与钾长石21份。
优选的,所述陶瓷微粒原料包括二氧化硅、高岭土、莫来石与碳化硅中的一种或多种,且在步骤S1中陶瓷微粒原料的粒径范围为250目-1250目。
优选的,所述粘接剂包括水性聚氨酯树脂与醇溶性树脂层,所述水性聚氨酯树脂包括聚氨酯水溶液、聚氨酯水分散体与聚氨酯乳液中的任意一种或几种,所述醇溶性树脂层包括酚醛树脂、醇酸树脂与脲醛树脂的任意一种或几种。
优选的,步骤S3中,脱泡剂设置为陶瓷脱泡剂,且脱泡剂加入的质量含量为总质量的2.5-3‰。
优选的,步骤S4中喷雾造粒过程中的进风温度为100-120摄氏度、喷雾效率为1.5-2.5ml/s、干燥时间为30-35分钟;步骤S5中的加热装置集成设置于喷雾造粒机上。
本发明的技术效果和优点:本发明提供的一种用于激光烧结陶瓷3D打印的陶瓷微粒制备工艺,与现有技术相比,本发明通过在陶瓷微粒制备的工艺中添加研磨过程中对陶瓷微粒原料的微粒直径进行控制,并在研磨后对经过处理的陶瓷微粒原料进行筛分处理,从而保证原料粒径在合适的范围内,以适应激光烧结制备过程中激光打印机对材料的要求;通过采用喷雾造粒的工艺使得陶瓷微粒均匀细腻,进而保证材料在打印的过程中性能稳定、烧结过程更均匀;另外在喷雾造粒后对陶瓷颗粒进行加热干燥处理,从而获得稳定的陶瓷微粒,也使得本工艺制备的陶瓷微粒使用效果好、强度高且易于推广。
附图说明
图1为本发明的用于激光烧结陶瓷3D打印的陶瓷微粒制备工艺的工艺流程图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合具体实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
一种用于激光烧结陶瓷3D打印的陶瓷微粒制备工艺,陶瓷微粒包括陶瓷微粒原料、陶瓷熔块、粘接剂与脱泡剂,其中按照质量份数计,陶瓷熔块的成分包括硼酸10份、矿化剂10份、氧化锌10份、石英15份、方解石10份、白云石5份与钾长石20份;
陶瓷微粒制备工艺还包括如下步骤:
S1、原料处理,对陶瓷微粒原料进行精细研磨处理,使得陶瓷微粒中成分保持均匀,并对研磨处理过的陶瓷微粒原料进行筛分处理,使过筛陶瓷微粒原料的粒径保持在合适的范围内;
S2、粘接剂配制,将粘接剂中的树脂与溶剂按照一定比例混合,其中胶水中树脂与溶剂的比例为9.5:100,加热后混合直至树脂完全溶解于溶剂中,位置温度至少十分种后结束;通过在陶瓷微粒制备的工艺中添加研磨过程中对陶瓷微粒原料的微粒直径进行控制,并在研磨后对经过处理的陶瓷微粒原料进行筛分处理,从而保证原料粒径在合适的范围内,以适应激光烧结制备过程中激光打印机对材料的要求;
S3、原料混合,将陶瓷微粒原料、陶瓷熔块、粘接剂与脱泡剂等组分配料加入混合装置中,加热至一定的温度进行持续搅拌至少2-5小时,最终形成混合物料;
S4、喷雾造粒,将步骤S3中最终的混合物料投入喷雾造粒机,通过喷雾造粒机将其物料喷成雾状,从而得到微米级的陶瓷颗粒;通过采用喷雾造粒的工艺使得陶瓷微粒均匀细腻,进而保证材料在打印的过程中性能稳定、烧结过程更均匀。
S5、加热干燥处理,通过加热装置对喷雾造粒机中喷出的微米级的陶瓷颗粒进行加热干燥,从而形成可直接用于激光烧结陶瓷3D打印的陶瓷颗粒耗材原料。
其中按照质量份数计,陶瓷熔块的成分包括硼酸10份、矿化剂10份、氧化锌10份、石英15份、方解石10份、白云石5份与钾长石20份。
其中按照质量份数计,陶瓷熔块的成分包括硼酸15份、矿化剂12份、氧化锌12份、石英20份、方解石12份、白云石6份与钾长石22份。
其中按照质量份数计,陶瓷熔块的成分包括硼酸13份、矿化剂11份、氧化锌11份、石英17份、方解石11份、白云石5.5份与钾长石21份。
陶瓷微粒原料包括二氧化硅、高岭土、莫来石与碳化硅中的一种或多种,且在步骤S1中陶瓷微粒原料的粒径范围为250目-1250目。
粘接剂包括水性聚氨酯树脂与醇溶性树脂层,水性聚氨酯树脂包括聚氨酯水溶液、聚氨酯水分散体与聚氨酯乳液中的任意一种或几种,醇溶性树脂层包括酚醛树脂、醇酸树脂与脲醛树脂的任意一种或几种。
步骤S3中,脱泡剂设置为陶瓷脱泡剂,且脱泡剂加入的质量含量为总质量的2.5-3‰。
步骤S4中喷雾造粒过程中的进风温度为100-120摄氏度、喷雾效率为1.5-2.5ml/s、干燥时间为30-35分钟;步骤S5中的加热装置集成设置于喷雾造粒机上。
实施例2
与实施例1不同的是,陶瓷微粒包括陶瓷微粒原料、陶瓷熔块、粘接剂与脱泡剂,其中按照质量份数计,陶瓷熔块的成分包括硼酸15份、矿化剂12份、氧化锌12份、石英20份、方解石12份、白云石6份与钾长石22份;
实施例3
与实施例1不同的是,陶瓷微粒包括陶瓷微粒原料、陶瓷熔块、粘接剂与脱泡剂,其中按照质量份数计,陶瓷熔块的成分包括硼酸15份、矿化剂12份、氧化锌12份、石英20份、方解石12份、白云石6份与钾长石22份。
综上所述,本发明提供的一种用于激光烧结陶瓷3D打印的陶瓷微粒制备工艺,与现有技术相比,本发明通过在陶瓷微粒制备的工艺中添加研磨过程中对陶瓷微粒原料的微粒直径进行控制,并在研磨后对经过处理的陶瓷微粒原料进行筛分处理,从而保证原料粒径在合适的范围内,以适应激光烧结制备过程中激光打印机对材料的要求;通过采用喷雾造粒的工艺使得陶瓷微粒均匀细腻,进而保证材料在打印的过程中性能稳定、烧结过程更均匀;另外在喷雾造粒后对陶瓷颗粒进行加热干燥处理,从而获得稳定的陶瓷微粒,也使得本工艺制备的陶瓷微粒使用效果好、强度高且易于推广。
最后应说明的是:以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种用于激光烧结陶瓷3D打印的陶瓷微粒制备工艺,其特征在于:所述陶瓷微粒包括陶瓷微粒原料、陶瓷熔块、粘接剂与脱泡剂,其中按照质量份数计,陶瓷熔块的成分包括硼酸10-15份、矿化剂10-12份、氧化锌10-12份、石英15-20份、方解石10-12份、白云石5-6份与钾长石20-22份;
陶瓷微粒制备工艺还包括如下步骤:
S1、原料处理,对陶瓷微粒原料进行精细研磨处理,使得陶瓷微粒中成分保持均匀,并对研磨处理过的陶瓷微粒原料进行筛分处理,使过筛陶瓷微粒原料的粒径保持在合适的范围内;
S2、粘接剂配制,将粘接剂中的树脂与溶剂按照一定比例混合,其中胶水中树脂与溶剂的比例为9.5:100,加热后混合直至树脂完全溶解于溶剂中,位置温度至少十分种后结束;
S3、原料混合,将陶瓷微粒原料、陶瓷熔块、粘接剂与脱泡剂等组分配料加入混合装置中,加热至一定的温度进行持续搅拌至少2-5小时,最终形成混合物料;
S4、喷雾造粒,将步骤S3中最终的混合物料投入喷雾造粒机,通过喷雾造粒机将其物料喷成雾状,从而得到微米级的陶瓷颗粒;
S5、加热干燥处理,通过加热装置对喷雾造粒机中喷出的微米级的陶瓷颗粒进行加热干燥,从而形成可直接用于激光烧结陶瓷3D打印的陶瓷颗粒耗材原料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于激光烧结陶瓷3D打印的陶瓷微粒制备工艺,其特征在于:其中按照质量份数计,陶瓷熔块的成分包括硼酸10份、矿化剂10份、氧化锌10份、石英15份、方解石10份、白云石5份与钾长石20份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于激光烧结陶瓷3D打印的陶瓷微粒制备工艺,其特征在于:其中按照质量份数计,陶瓷熔块的成分包括硼酸15份、矿化剂12份、氧化锌12份、石英20份、方解石12份、白云石6份与钾长石22份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于激光烧结陶瓷3D打印的陶瓷微粒制备工艺,其特征在于:其中按照质量份数计,陶瓷熔块的成分包括硼酸13份、矿化剂11份、氧化锌11份、石英17份、方解石11份、白云石5.5份与钾长石21份。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于激光烧结陶瓷3D打印的陶瓷微粒制备工艺,其特征在于:所述陶瓷微粒原料包括二氧化硅、高岭土、莫来石与碳化硅中的一种或多种,且在步骤S1中陶瓷微粒原料的粒径范围为250目-1250目。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于激光烧结陶瓷3D打印的陶瓷微粒制备工艺,其特征在于:所述粘接剂包括水性聚氨酯树脂与醇溶性树脂层,所述水性聚氨酯树脂包括聚氨酯水溶液、聚氨酯水分散体与聚氨酯乳液中的任意一种或几种,所述醇溶性树脂层包括酚醛树脂、醇酸树脂与脲醛树脂的任意一种或几种。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于激光烧结陶瓷3D打印的陶瓷微粒制备工艺,其特征在于:步骤S3中,脱泡剂设置为陶瓷脱泡剂,且脱泡剂加入的质量含量为总质量的2.5-3‰。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于激光烧结陶瓷3D打印的陶瓷微粒制备工艺,其特征在于:步骤S4中喷雾造粒过程中的进风温度为100-120摄氏度、喷雾效率为1.5-2.5ml/s、干燥时间为30-35分钟;步骤S5中的加热装置集成设置于喷雾造粒机上。
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