CN112405084A - Numerical control machine tool - Google Patents
Numerical control machine tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN112405084A CN112405084A CN202011245419.5A CN202011245419A CN112405084A CN 112405084 A CN112405084 A CN 112405084A CN 202011245419 A CN202011245419 A CN 202011245419A CN 112405084 A CN112405084 A CN 112405084A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/0042—Devices for removing chips
- B23Q11/0046—Devices for removing chips by sucking
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/10—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Auxiliary Devices For Machine Tools (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of machine tool equipment, and particularly relates to a numerical control machine tool, which comprises a tool body (1), a machine head cross beam (2), a main dust suction pipe (8), a spindle motor (510), a table top cleaning device (3), a height-controllable spindle dust suction cover device (5) and a gas-liquid mixed spraying device (7); the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: (1) the dust collector is arranged on one side of the machine head cross beam and moves along with the machine head cross beam, so that the dust collection pipe is short, the suction force attenuation is avoided, the dust collection effect is good, and the working requirements of main shaft dust collection and table top cleaning dust collection can be met; (2) the table-board cleaning device can move along with the head beam to perform dust collection and cleaning operations on the table-board; (3) the height of the main shaft dust hood can be adjusted to adapt to tool bits with different lengths and machining depths; (4) the gas-liquid mixing spray cooling effect is good, and the consumption of the lubricating cooling liquid is low; the cleaning procedure of the processed workpiece can be omitted; the working environment of machine tool processing is cleaner.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of machine tool equipment, and particularly relates to a numerical control machine tool.
Background
The numerical control machine tool is a digital control machine tool for short, and is an automatic machine tool provided with a program control system. The control system is capable of logically processing and decoding a program defined by a control code or other symbolic instructions, represented by coded numbers, which are input to the numerical control device via the information carrier. After operation, the numerical control device sends out various control signals to control the action of the machine tool, and the parts are automatically machined according to the shape and the size required by the drawing.
However, no matter what kind of material is processed, the machine tool always generates more scraps in the processing process, and the scraps fall on the working table, so that the environmental sanitation is influenced, and danger and inconvenience are brought to the production process. In the prior art, a device for automatically cleaning the scraps on the table top of the machine tool is not available, and part of small scraps are adhered to the table top of the machine tool due to the action of static electricity and the like and are difficult to clean or suck by a dust collector.
The height of the existing machine tool spindle dust hood cannot be changed along with the processing depth and the length of a tool bit, so that the dust collection effect is poor, when dust and smoke are diffused into the atmosphere and exceed a certain concentration, the environment is poisoned, and the human health is harmed, so that the dust hood with the controllable height is necessary to be designed to timely and effectively control the dust, the scraps and the smoke generated in the processing process.
In the prior art, a lubricating cooling liquid pouring mode is mostly adopted for cooling a machine tool machining area and a tool bit, the quantity of lubricating cooling liquid consumed by machine tool machining is large, the cost is high, a large amount of lubricating cooling liquid is remained on a machined workpiece and needs to be cleaned, and the residual lubricating cooling liquid on a machine tool workbench is not beneficial to cleaning of a machine tool machining working environment.
In traditional machine tool machining, a dust collector for a machine tool is fixed to the ground beside the machine tool and is not movable, but when a working table of the machine tool is longer, the dust collecting pipe is very long due to the arrangement of the dust collector, suction force is weakened, and the dust collecting effect is poor.
When a numerical control machine tool works, a large amount of scraps are generated on a working table surface of the numerical control machine tool, and the scraps need to be cleaned to prevent the scraps from influencing the working of the numerical control machine tool. The existing numerical control machine tool working table is not beneficial to cleaning treatment of chips generated by machine tool machining, so that the working table is not thoroughly cleaned or the efficiency is not high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a numerical control machine tool aiming at the problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a numerical control machine tool comprises a machine body, a machine head cross beam, a main dust suction pipe, a main shaft motor, a table board cleaning device, a height-controllable main shaft dust suction cover device and a gas-liquid mixed spraying device,
the table top cleaning device comprises two cylinders I and a material pushing and dust collecting device, the two cylinders I are detachably connected with two ends of a machine head beam respectively, the machine head beam can move along the length direction of a machine body, the cylinders I are obliquely arranged downwards, and the vertical projection of the cylinders I is parallel to the length direction of the working table top; the pushing and dust collecting device comprises a pushing and dust collecting box and a dust collecting cover, the pushing and dust collecting box is cuboid, an opening in the upper surface of the cuboid is connected with the dust collecting cover, a dust discharging port is formed in the dust collecting cover, and a plurality of dust collecting ports are formed in the lower surface of the cuboid in a balanced manner; the material pushing and dust collecting box is horizontally arranged, and the length direction of the material pushing and dust collecting box is parallel to the cross beam of the machine head; piston rod ends of the two cylinders I are respectively detachably connected with the upper surfaces of two end parts in the length direction of the material pushing and dust collecting box; the material pushing and dust collecting box can be driven by a piston rod of the cylinder to be close to or far away from the working table surface;
the main shaft dust hood device comprises a coarse adjusting device and a fine adjusting device for adjusting the height of the main shaft dust hood, the coarse adjusting device comprises a first lifting transmission device and a first moving plate, the first moving plate is vertically arranged, one side of the first moving plate is connected with an up-and-down moving part in the first lifting transmission device, a machine tool main shaft motor and the fine adjusting device are installed on the other side of the first moving plate, and the first moving plate can move up and down under the driving of the first lifting transmission device; the fine adjustment device comprises a second lifting transmission device and a second moving plate, the second lifting transmission device is installed on one side, far away from the first lifting transmission device, of the first moving plate, the second moving plate is horizontally arranged, the upper surface of the second moving plate is detachably connected with the moving end below the second lifting transmission device, the second moving plate is provided with the spindle dust hood, and the second moving plate can move up and down under the driving of the second lifting transmission device;
the gas-liquid mixing spraying device comprises an air compressor, a compressed air pipe, a lubricating and cooling liquid tank, a lubricating and cooling liquid pipe, an oil pump and a cooling universal pipe with a spray head, wherein the compressed air pipe is arranged between the air outlet end of the air compressor and the end, far away from the spray head, of the cooling universal pipe, and the lubricating and cooling liquid tank, the oil pump and the cooling universal pipe are connected in series through the lubricating and cooling liquid pipe; a lubricating cooling liquid pipe between the oil pump and the cooling universal pipe is arranged in a compressed air pipe;
a dust collector is installed on one side of the machine head cross beam, and a dust exhaust port of the table top cleaning device and a main shaft dust hood of the main shaft dust hood device are connected with the dust collector through a dust collection pipeline.
Preferably, the working table comprises a plurality of discontinuous subareas, the upper surfaces of the subareas are on the same horizontal plane, a plurality of parallel supporting plates are arranged in each subarea, the length direction of each supporting plate is consistent with the length direction of the working table, the adjacent supporting plates are not contacted, and a gap between the adjacent supporting plates can accommodate scraps generated after the workpiece is processed to fall below the working table; a table-board debris collecting hole is arranged between two adjacent subareas.
Preferably, an air blowing box is arranged behind the material pushing and dust collecting box, and a plurality of air blowing ports are uniformly formed in the bottom of the air blowing box; the blowing box is cuboid, and the bottom surface of the blowing box is flush with the bottom surface of the pushing and dust collecting box.
Preferably, the middle positions of the pushing dust absorption box and the blowing box in the length direction are both provided with a partition board, and the pushing dust absorption box and the blowing box are divided into two sections by the partition board; and the upper parts of the two sections of pushing and dust collecting boxes are connected with dust collecting covers.
Preferably, a dust collection tee joint is arranged above the material pushing and dust collecting device, and two dust collection pipes below the dust collection tee joint are respectively connected with two dust discharge ports of the material pushing and dust collecting device through hoses; and the dust suction pipe above the dust suction tee joint can be butted with the main dust suction pipe.
Preferably, the main dust collection pipe is arranged on one side, close to the dust collection tee, of the headrest, the main dust collection pipe is vertically arranged, and the upper portion of the main dust collection pipe is connected with a dust collector through a hose; the machine head can transversely move along a guide rail I on the cross beam of the machine head, the main dust collection pipe can transversely move along the machine head, and the lower part of the main dust collection pipe can be butted with the dust collection pipe above the dust collection tee joint.
Preferably, the end part of a piston rod of a cylinder II is connected between two dust collection pipes below the dust collection tee joint, the cylinder II is vertically arranged upwards and detachably connected to one side, close to the dust collection tee joint, of the machine head cross beam, and the dust collection tee joint can move up and down along with the piston rod of the cylinder II.
Preferably, the first lifting transmission device is a ball screw transmission device, and the connection between one side of the moving plate and the up-down moving part of the first lifting transmission device is as follows: one side of the moving plate is connected with a ball sliding block in the ball screw transmission device; the ball screw transmission device is driven by a motor.
Preferably, the second lifting transmission device is an electric cylinder transmission device, and the second moving plate can be driven by the second lifting transmission device to move up and down: the second moving plate can move up and down under the driving of the electric cylinder linear transmission mechanism.
Preferably, a spindle and a tool bit are arranged below the spindle motor of the machine tool.
Preferably, a fixing plate is arranged on one side, away from the moving plate, of the first lifting transmission device, the fixing plate is vertically fixed on a machine head cross beam, two vertical guide rails I are arranged on the surface of one side, away from the machine head cross beam, of the fixing plate, and the two guide rails I are respectively positioned on two sides of the first lifting transmission device; and two first sliding blocks are arranged on the side surface of the first moving plate close to the lifting transmission device, and the first sliding blocks can be matched with the first guide rail on the surface of the fixed plate.
Preferably, the first moving plate is provided with two vertical guide rails far away from the first lifting transmission device; and one end of the second moving plate close to the first moving plate is provided with a third moving plate vertical to the first moving plate, two second sliding blocks are arranged on the surface of one side of the third moving plate close to the first moving plate, and the second sliding blocks can be matched with the second guide rails on the surface of the first moving plate.
Preferably, a telescopic supporting rod is vertically arranged on one side, far away from the lifting transmission device, of the upper end face of the third moving plate, and the lower portion of the telescopic supporting rod is detachably connected with the upper end face of the third moving plate.
Preferably, a lubricating cooling liquid pipe between the oil pump and the cooling universal pipe is arranged in the compressed air pipe, and specifically comprises: at the oil pump exit, the oil pump end is kept away from to lubricated cooling liquid pipe and is penetrated oblique tee bend inlet to one side, compressed air pipe keeps away from the air compressor end and can dismantle the connection with the straight import of tee bend to one side, establish compressed air pipe between tee bend exit end and the cooling universal pipe to one side, lubricated cooling liquid pipe penetrates compressed air pipe from tee bend exit end to one side until reaching the cooling universal pipe and keeping away from the nozzle end.
Preferably, a throttle valve is arranged at the end, close to the air compressor, of the compressed air pipe; a flow control valve is arranged on the lubricating cooling liquid pipe close to the oil outlet end of the oil pump; the lubricating cooling liquid box is arranged on a side column of a cross beam of a machine head of the numerical control machine tool, an oil pump is arranged below the lubricating cooling liquid box, and the lubricating cooling liquid enters the oil pump through a lubricating cooling liquid pipe under the action of gravity.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: (1) the dust collector is arranged on one side of the machine head cross beam and moves along with the machine head cross beam, so that the dust collection pipe is short, the suction force attenuation is avoided, the dust collection effect is good, and the working requirements of main shaft dust collection and table top cleaning dust collection can be met;
(2) the numerical control machine tool can move along the length direction of the working table along with the cross beam of the machine tool, and can perform dust collection/waste chip suction operation on the working table while moving;
(3) the bottom surface of the material pushing and dust collecting box can be tightly attached to the working table surface to push the scraps on the working table surface to the scrap collecting hole on the working table surface, and can also be away from the working table surface at a certain distance to perform scrap sucking operation by utilizing a dust suction port; for the scraps which are difficult to remove due to the electrostatic effect, the scraps can be blown and blown by the air blowing port and then sucked away by the dust suction port;
(4) by utilizing the height-controllable main shaft dust hood, the height of the machine tool main shaft dust hood can be changed according to the change of the processing depth, and in addition, the position of the main shaft dust hood can be controlled according to the different lengths of the cutters;
(5) the height of the tool bit and the height of the main dust hood can be adjusted simultaneously by using a coarse adjusting device of the main shaft dust hood device, and the height of the main shaft dust hood can be adjusted independently by using a fine adjusting device;
(6) compressed air and lubricating cooling liquid are mixed in the cooling universal pipe, the high-pressure air drives the lubricating cooling liquid to collide and separate at high speed in the cooling universal pipe to form fog drops, the fog drops are wrapped by the compressed air and sprayed to a processing area, the atomized lubricating cooling liquid is gasified and phase-changed under the action of high temperature, a large amount of processing heat is absorbed, partial heat is also carried away by high-pressure air flow, and the temperature of the processing area is reduced; the gas-liquid mixture lubricates and cools a processing area, the lubricating and cooling effects are good, and the consumption of lubricating cooling liquid is low; the cleaning procedure of the processed workpiece can be omitted; the working environment of machine tool machining is cleaner;
(7) part of scraps generated in the machining process of the workpiece machine tool can fall below the table top through a gap between supporting plates of the table top of the machine tool; the scraps remained on the upper surface of the table top supporting plate are cleaned by a machine tool cleaning device, and the cleaning direction of a general cleaning device is along the length direction of the table top, so that the scraps on the upper surface of the table top supporting plate can fall below the table top through the table top scrap collecting hole; the mesa is equipped with a plurality of discontinuous subregion, can clean the piece of different subregion upper surfaces to the mesa piece collecting hole nearby, cleans the in-process and cleans the distance and shorten greatly, has improved and has cleaned efficiency.
Drawings
To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiment will be briefly introduced below, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a numerical control machine tool provided in the embodiment 1, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a numerical control machine tool, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a spindle dust hood device with controllable height, fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a spindle dust hood device with controllable height, fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a table top cleaning device, fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a table top cleaning device, fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a table top cleaning device, fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a table top cleaning device, fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a gas-liquid mixing spraying device, and fig. 10 is a schematic.
1-bed body, 2-head beam, 3-table surface cleaning device, 4-dust collector, 5-spindle dust hood device, 6-table surface, 7-gas-liquid mixing spraying device, 8-main dust suction pipe, 31-cylinder I, 32-material pushing dust suction device, 321-material pushing dust suction box, 322-dust hood, 323-dust discharge port, 324-blowing box, 33-cylinder II, 34-dust suction tee joint, 35-dust suction pipe, 501-motor, 502-lifting transmission device I, 503-lifting transmission device II, 504-fixing plate, 505-guide rail I, 506-moving plate I, 507-guide rail II, 508-spindle dust hood, 509-telescopic supporting rod, 510-spindle motor, 511-moving plate III, 512-moving plate II, 61-table surface collecting hole, 71-lubricating cooling liquid tank, 72-oil pump, 73-lubricating cooling liquid pipe, 74-compressed cooling air pipe, 75-inclined tee joint, 76-universal cooling pipe, 77-throttle valve, 78-flow control valve.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and thus the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments of the present disclosure.
Example 1
The invention is further described with reference to fig. 1-10, and referring to fig. 1-2, a numerically controlled machine tool comprises a machine body 1, a machine head beam 2, a main dust suction pipe 8, a spindle motor 510, a table top cleaning device 3, a height-controllable spindle dust suction hood device 5 and a gas-liquid mixing and spraying device 7.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 5-7, the table-board cleaning device 3 comprises two cylinders one 31 and a material-pushing dust-collecting device 32, the two cylinders one 31 are respectively detachably connected with two ends of the machine head beam 2, the machine head beam 2 can move along the length direction of the machine body 1, the cylinders one 31 are obliquely arranged downwards, and the vertical projection of the cylinders one 31 is parallel to the length direction of the working table-board 6; the material pushing and dust collecting device 32 comprises a material pushing and dust collecting box 321 and a dust collecting cover 322, wherein the material pushing and dust collecting box 321 is cuboid, an opening in the upper surface of the cuboid is connected with the dust collecting cover 322, a dust discharging port 323 is formed in the dust collecting cover 322, and a plurality of dust collecting ports are formed in the lower surface of the cuboid in a balanced manner; the material pushing and dust collecting box 321 is horizontally arranged, and the length direction of the material pushing and dust collecting box is parallel to the machine head beam 2; the piston rod ends of the two cylinders I31 are respectively detachably connected with the upper surfaces of two end parts of the material pushing and dust collecting box 321 in the length direction; the pushing dust collection box 321 can be driven by the first cylinder 31 to approach or be far away from the working table 6.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the spindle dust hood device 5 includes a coarse adjustment device and a fine adjustment device for adjusting the height of the spindle dust hood 508, the coarse adjustment device includes a first lifting transmission device 502 and a first moving plate 506, the first moving plate 506 is vertically arranged, one side of the first moving plate 506 is connected with an up-down moving part in the first lifting transmission device 502, the other side is provided with a machine tool spindle motor 510 and the fine adjustment device, and the first moving plate 506 can move up and down under the driving of the first lifting transmission device 502; the fine adjustment device comprises a second lifting transmission device 503 and a second moving plate 512, the second lifting transmission device 503 is installed on one side, far away from the first lifting transmission device 502, of the first moving plate 506, the second moving plate 512 is horizontally arranged, the upper surface of the second moving plate 512 is detachably connected with the moving end below the second lifting transmission device 503, a spindle dust hood 508 is installed on the second moving plate 512, and the second moving plate 512 can move up and down under the driving of the second lifting transmission device 503.
As shown in fig. 9, the gas-liquid mixing and spraying device 7 includes an air compressor, a compressed air pipe 74, a lubricating and cooling liquid tank 71, a lubricating and cooling liquid pipe 73, an oil pump 72 and a cooling universal pipe 76 with a nozzle, the compressed air pipe 74 is disposed between the air outlet end of the air compressor and the cooling universal pipe 76 far from the nozzle end, and the lubricating and cooling liquid pipe 73 connects the lubricating and cooling liquid tank 71, the oil pump 72 and the cooling universal pipe 76 in series; a lubrication cooling fluid pipe 73 between the oil pump 72 and the cooling gimbal pipe 76 is in the compressed air pipe 74.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a dust collector 4 is mounted on one side of the head beam 2, and the dust discharge port 323 of the tabletop cleaning device 3 and the spindle dust hood 508 of the spindle dust hood device 5 are connected to the dust collector 4 through a dust collection pipeline.
As shown in fig. 10, the working table 6 includes a plurality of discontinuous sections, the upper surfaces of the plurality of sections are on the same horizontal plane, each section is provided with a plurality of parallel supporting plates, the length direction of the supporting plates is consistent with the length direction of the working table 6, and the adjacent supporting plates are not contacted, and the gaps between the adjacent supporting plates can allow chips generated after the workpiece is processed to fall below the working table 6; a table debris collection hole 61 is provided between two adjacent sections.
As shown in fig. 6, a blowing box 324 is further disposed behind the pushing and dust collecting box 321, and a plurality of blowing ports are uniformly disposed at the bottom of the blowing box 324; the blowing box 324 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and the bottom surface of the blowing box 324 is flush with the bottom surface of the pushing suction box 321.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the middle positions of the pushing material dust suction box 321 and the blowing box 324 in the length direction are both provided with a partition board, and the pushing material dust suction box 321 and the blowing box 324 are divided into two sections by the partition board; the upper parts of the two sections of pushing and dust collecting boxes 321 are connected with a dust collecting cover 322.
As shown in fig. 1 and 8, a dust suction tee 34 is arranged above the material pushing and dust sucking device 32, and two dust suction pipes 35 below the dust suction tee 34 are respectively connected with two dust discharge ports 323 of the material pushing and dust sucking device 32 through hoses; the upper dust suction pipe of the dust suction tee joint 34 can be butted with the main dust suction pipe 8.
As shown in fig. 1, the main dust suction pipe 8 is arranged at one side of the machine head close to the dust suction tee joint 34, the main dust suction pipe 8 is vertically arranged, and the upper part of the main dust suction pipe is connected with the dust collector 4 through a hose; the machine head can transversely move along a guide rail I on the machine head cross beam 2, the main dust suction pipe 8 can transversely move along the machine head, and the lower part of the main dust suction pipe can be butted with a dust suction pipe above the dust suction tee joint 34.
As shown in fig. 8, the end part of the piston rod of the second cylinder 33 is connected between the two dust collection pipes 35 below the dust collection tee 34, the second cylinder 33 is vertically arranged upwards and detachably connected to one side, close to the dust collection tee 34, of the machine head cross beam 2, and the dust collection tee 34 can move up and down along with the piston rod of the second cylinder 33.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the first lifting transmission device 502 is a ball screw transmission device, and the connection between one side of the first moving plate 506 and the up-down moving part in the first lifting transmission device 502 is as follows: one side of the first moving plate 506 is connected with a ball sliding block in the ball screw transmission device; the ball screw transmission is driven by a motor 501.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the second lifting transmission device 503 is an electric cylinder transmission device, and the second moving plate 512 can move up and down under the driving of the second lifting transmission device 503, specifically: the second moving plate 12 can move up and down under the drive of the electric cylinder linear transmission mechanism.
A spindle and a tool bit are arranged below the machine tool spindle motor 510.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, a fixing plate 504 is arranged on one side of the first lifting transmission device 502, which is far away from the first moving plate 506, the fixing plate 504 is vertically fixed on the head beam 2, two vertical guide rails one 505 are arranged on the surface of one side of the fixing plate 504, which is far away from the head beam 2, and the two guide rails one 505 are respectively arranged on two sides of the first lifting transmission device 502; one side surface of the first moving plate 506 close to the first lifting transmission device 502 is provided with two first sliding blocks, and the first sliding blocks can be matched with the first guide rails 505 on the surface of the fixed plate 504.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the moving plate one 506 is provided with two vertical guide rails two 507 away from the lifting transmission device one 502; and a third moving plate 511 perpendicular to the first moving plate 506 is arranged at one end of the third moving plate 512 close to the first moving plate 506, two second sliding blocks are arranged on the surface of one side of the third moving plate 511 close to the first moving plate 506, and the second sliding blocks can be matched with the second guide rails 507 on the surface of the first moving plate 506. A telescopic support rod 509 is vertically arranged on one side, away from the second lifting transmission device 503, of the upper end face of the third moving plate 511, and the lower portion of the telescopic support rod 509 is detachably connected with the upper end face of the third moving plate 511.
As shown in fig. 9, a lubricating cooling liquid pipe 73 between the oil pump 72 and the cooling universal pipe 76 is arranged in the compressed air pipe 74, specifically: at the outlet of the oil pump 72, the lubricating cooling liquid pipe 73 is far away from the end of the oil pump 72 and penetrates into an inclined inlet of an inclined tee joint 75, the end, far away from the air compressor, of the compressed air pipe 74 is detachably connected with a straight inlet of the inclined tee joint 75, the compressed air pipe 74 is arranged between the outlet end of the inclined tee joint 75 and the cooling universal pipe 76, and the lubricating cooling liquid pipe 73 penetrates into the compressed air pipe 74 from the outlet end of the inclined tee joint 75 until the lubricating cooling liquid pipe 73 reaches the.
As shown in fig. 9, the compressed air pipe 74 is provided with a throttle valve 77 near the air compressor end; the lubricating cooling liquid pipe 73 is provided with a flow control valve 78 close to the oil outlet end of the oil pump 72; the lubricating and cooling liquid tank 71 is arranged on a side column of the cross beam 2 of the machine head of the numerical control machine tool, an oil pump 72 is arranged below the lubricating and cooling liquid tank 71, and the lubricating and cooling liquid enters the oil pump 72 through a lubricating and cooling liquid pipe 73 under the action of gravity.
The working principle of the numerical control machine tool is as follows:
(1) the working principle of the table board cleaning device 3 is as follows: when the numerical control machine tool working table top 6 needs to be cleaned, the machine head is controlled to transversely move along a guide rail I on the machine head beam 2 until a main dust suction pipe 8 connected with the machine head is positioned right above a dust suction pipe above a dust suction tee joint 34; starting the second cylinder 33 to enable the dust collection tee joint 34 to move upwards until the dust collection pipe above the dust collection tee joint 34 is in butt joint with the lower part of the main dust collection pipe 8; starting the first cylinder 31 to enable the pushing material dust collection device 32 to approach the working table 6, starting the dust collector 4 and simultaneously controlling the machine tool beam 2 to move along the length direction of the machine tool body after the bottom surface of the pushing material dust collection box 321 is proper in distance from the working table 6, and enabling the table top cleaning device 3 to perform dust collection/waste dust collection operation on the working table 6 while moving; for the scraps which are difficult to remove due to the electrostatic effect, the scraps can be blown and blown by the air blowing port and then sucked away by the dust suction port; when a large amount of large-size waste materials exist on the working table top 6, the dust collector 4 is not started, but the bottom surface of the material pushing and dust collecting box 321 is controlled to be tightly attached to the working table top, then the machine tool beam 2 is controlled to move along the length direction of the machine tool body, and the material pushing and dust collecting box 321 pushes the large-size waste materials on the working table top 6 to a material leakage box below the working table top 6; the working table surface 6 is provided with a plurality of discontinuous subareas, so that chips on the upper surfaces of different subareas can be cleaned to the nearby table surface chip collecting hole 61, the cleaning distance is greatly shortened in the cleaning process, and the cleaning efficiency is improved.
(2) The working principle of the main shaft dust hood 5 device is as follows: after a workpiece is placed and fixed on a working table surface 6 of a machine tool, a motor 501 is started, the motor 501 drives a first moving plate 506 to descend through a first lifting transmission device 501, a machine tool spindle motor 510 and a second lifting transmission device 503 which are arranged on the first moving plate 506 descend along with the first moving plate, a second moving plate 512 and a spindle dust hood 508 which are connected below the second lifting transmission device 503 descend, and a spindle and a tool bit which are connected with the machine tool spindle motor 510 descend until the vertical distance from the tool bit to the workpiece meets the specification requirement; before the tool bit starts to act, the distance from the spindle dust hood 508 to the processing area is possibly improper, the second lifting transmission device 503 is started, the second moving plate 512 and the third moving plate 511 are controlled to ascend or descend, and the spindle dust hood 508 ascends or descends along with the second moving plate and the third moving plate until the distance from the spindle dust hood 508 to the processing area meets the specification requirement; if the thickness of the workpiece is larger, the tool bit has penetrated into the workpiece along with the increase of the processing depth, the main shaft dust hood 508 is close to the surface of the workpiece, and in order to prevent the main shaft dust hood 508 from impacting the workpiece, the second lifting transmission device 503 is started to control the main shaft dust hood 508 to ascend for a proper distance.
Because the connection point between the lower part of the second lifting transmission device 503, i.e. the electric cylinder linear transmission mechanism, and the second moving plate 512 deviates from the center of the second moving plate 512, the second moving plate 512 is driven by a driving force on one side only in the process of moving up and down. In order to prevent the second moving plate 512 and the third moving plate 511 from moving incoordinatively under the condition of single-side forced driving, a telescopic support rod 509 is vertically arranged on one side, away from the second lifting transmission device 503, of the upper end face of the third moving plate 511, and the lower portion of the telescopic support rod 509 is detachably connected with the upper end face of the third moving plate 511. The telescopic support rod 509 is passively matched with a second lifting transmission device 503, namely an electric cylinder, and the telescopic support rod 509 performs corresponding telescopic actions in the linear transmission process of the electric cylinder, so that the second moving plate 512 and the third moving plate 511 are guided and supported.
(3) The working principle of the gas-liquid mixing spraying device 7 is as follows: compressed air (0.4-0.8MPa) reaches the cooling universal pipe 76 through two sections of compressed air pipes and the inclined tee joint 75, lubricating cooling liquid reaches the cooling universal pipe 76 through the lubricating cooling liquid pipe 73 (in the compressed air pipes) after exiting an oil pump, the compressed air and the lubricating cooling liquid are mixed in the cooling universal pipe 76, the high-pressure air drives the lubricating cooling liquid to collide and separate at high speed in the cooling universal pipe to form fog drops, the fog drops are sprayed to a processing area, the atomized lubricating cooling liquid is gasified and phase-changed under the action of high temperature to absorb a large amount of processing heat, and meanwhile, partial heat is also taken away by the high-pressure air flow to reduce the temperature of the processing area; a main shaft dust suction device is oppositely arranged on a nozzle of the cooling universal pipe 76 and can suck the blown machining debris and the gasified lubricating cooling liquid; the gas-liquid mixture lubricates and cools a processing area, the lubricating and cooling effects are good, and the consumption of lubricating cooling liquid is low; the cleaning procedure of the processed workpiece can be omitted; the working environment of machine tool processing is cleaner.
(4) The dust collector 4 is arranged on one side of the machine head cross beam, the dust collector 4 moves along with the machine head cross beam 2, the dust collection pipe is short, suction attenuation is avoided, the dust collection effect is good, and the working requirements of dust collection of the main shaft and dust collection of the table top cleaning can be met.
Example 2
The difference between this example and example 1 is: a first lifting transmission device 502 in the main shaft dust hood device 5 is a gear and rack transmission device, and one side of a first moving plate 506 is connected with one side, far away from a gear, of a rack in the first lifting transmission device 502; the second lifting transmission device 503 is an electric push rod transmission device.
Example 3
The difference between this example and example 1 is: the lubricating cooling liquid pipe 73 and the compressed air pipe 74 between the oil pump 72 and the cooling universal pipe 76 are parallel, and the lubricating cooling liquid pipe 73 and the compressed air pipe 74 between the oil pump 72 and the cooling universal pipe 76 are located in the same sleeve, specifically: one end of the sleeve is detachably connected with the cooling universal pipe 76 far away from the nozzle end, the other end of the sleeve is detachably connected with the outlet of the inclined tee joint 75, and the lubricating cooling liquid pipe 73 and the compressed air pipe 74 penetrate into the sleeve from two inlets of the inclined tee joint 75 respectively until the lubricating cooling liquid pipe reaches the cooling universal pipe 76 far away from the nozzle end.
Example 4
The difference between this example and example 1 is: the blowing box 324 is not provided behind the pushing dust box 321 in the surface cleaning device 3.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in other forms, and any person skilled in the art may apply the above-mentioned technical details to other fields of equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes by using the above-mentioned disclosure, but any simple modification and equivalent changes made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention will still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (15)
1. A numerical control machine tool comprises a machine body (1), a machine head cross beam (2), a main dust suction pipe (8) and a main shaft motor (510), and is characterized by also comprising a table-board cleaning device (3), a main shaft dust suction cover device (5) with controllable height and an air-liquid mixed spraying device (7),
the table top cleaning device (3) comprises two cylinders I (31) and a material pushing and dust collecting device (32), the two cylinders I (31) are detachably connected with two ends of a machine head cross beam (2) respectively, the machine head cross beam (2) can move along the length direction of the machine body (1), the cylinders I (31) are arranged obliquely downwards, and the vertical projection of the cylinders I (31) is parallel to the length direction of the working table top (6); the material pushing and dust collecting device (32) comprises a material pushing and dust collecting box (321) and a dust collecting cover (322), the material pushing and dust collecting box (321) is cuboid, an opening in the upper surface of the cuboid is connected with the dust collecting cover (322), a dust exhaust port (323) is formed in the dust collecting cover (322), and a plurality of dust collecting ports are formed in the lower surface of the cuboid in a balanced mode; the material pushing and dust collecting box (321) is horizontally arranged, and the length direction of the material pushing and dust collecting box is parallel to the machine head beam (2); the piston rod ends of the two cylinders I (31) are respectively detachably connected with the upper surfaces of two end parts in the length direction of the material pushing and dust collecting box (321); the material pushing and dust collecting box (321) can be driven by a piston rod of the first air cylinder (31) to be close to or far away from the working table top (6);
the main shaft dust hood device (5) comprises a coarse adjusting device and a fine adjusting device for adjusting the height of a main shaft dust hood (508), the coarse adjusting device comprises a first lifting transmission device (502) and a first moving plate (506), the first moving plate (506) is vertically arranged, one side of the first moving plate (506) is connected with an up-down moving part in the first lifting transmission device (502), a machine tool main shaft motor (510) and the fine adjusting device are installed on the other side of the first moving plate (506), and the first moving plate (506) can move up and down under the driving of the first lifting transmission device (502); the fine adjustment device comprises a second lifting transmission device (503) and a second moving plate (512), the second lifting transmission device (503) is installed on one side, far away from the first lifting transmission device (502), of the first moving plate (506), the second moving plate (512) is horizontally arranged, the upper surface of the second moving plate (512) is detachably connected with the moving end below the second lifting transmission device (503), the second moving plate (512) is provided with the spindle dust hood (508), and the second moving plate (512) can move up and down under the driving of the second lifting transmission device (503);
the gas-liquid mixing spraying device (7) comprises an air compressor, a compressed air pipe (74), a lubricating cooling liquid tank (71), a lubricating cooling liquid pipe (73), an oil pump (72) and a cooling universal pipe (76) with a spray head, wherein the compressed air pipe (74) is arranged between the air outlet end of the air compressor and the end, far away from the spray head, of the cooling universal pipe (76), and the lubricating cooling liquid pipe (73) connects the lubricating cooling liquid tank (71), the oil pump (72) and the cooling universal pipe (76) in series; a lubricating cooling liquid pipe (73) between the oil pump (72) and the cooling universal pipe (76) is arranged in a compressed air pipe (74);
the dust collector (4) is installed on one side of the machine head cross beam (2), the dust exhaust port (323) of the table board cleaning device (3) and the main shaft dust hood (508) of the main shaft dust hood device (5) are connected with the dust collector (4) through a dust collection pipeline.
2. The numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the work table (6) comprises a plurality of discontinuous sections, the upper surfaces of the plurality of sections are on the same horizontal plane, a plurality of parallel support plates are arranged in each section, the length direction of each support plate is consistent with the length direction of the work table (6), adjacent support plates are not in contact, and the gaps between the adjacent support plates can allow chips generated after the work piece is processed to fall below the work table (6); a table debris collecting hole (61) is arranged between two adjacent subareas.
3. The numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that a blowing box (324) is further arranged behind the pushing and dust collecting box (321), and a plurality of blowing openings are uniformly arranged at the bottom of the blowing box (324); the blowing box (324) is cuboid, and the bottom surface of the blowing box (324) is flush with the bottom surface of the pushing and dust collecting box (321).
4. The numerical control machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that a partition plate is arranged at the middle position of the pushing material dust suction box (321) and the blowing box (324) in the length direction, and the partition plate divides the pushing material dust suction box (321) and the blowing box (324) into two sections; and a dust hood (322) is respectively connected above the two sections of the pushing dust suction boxes (321).
5. The numerical control machine tool according to claim 4, characterized in that a dust suction tee joint (34) is arranged above the material pushing and dust sucking device (32), and two dust suction pipes (35) below the dust suction tee joint (34) are respectively connected with two dust discharge ports (323) of the material pushing and dust sucking device (32) through hoses; the dust suction pipe above the dust suction tee joint (34) can be butted with the main dust suction pipe (8).
6. The numerical control machine tool according to claim 5, characterized in that the main dust suction pipe (8) is arranged on one side of the machine head close to a dust suction tee joint (34), the main dust suction pipe (8) is vertically arranged and is connected with a dust collector (4) through a hose; the machine head can transversely move along a guide rail I on the machine head cross beam (2), the main dust suction pipe (8) can transversely move along with the machine head, and the lower part of the main dust suction pipe can be butted with a dust suction pipe above the dust suction tee joint (34).
7. The numerical control machine tool according to claim 6, characterized in that the end of a piston rod of a second cylinder (33) is connected between two dust collection pipes (35) below the dust collection tee joint (34), the second cylinder (33) is vertically arranged upwards and detachably connected to one side of the machine head cross beam (2) close to the dust collection tee joint (34), and the dust collection tee joint (34) can move up and down along with the piston rod of the second cylinder (33).
8. The numerical control machine according to claim 1, characterized in that said first lifting transmission device (502) is a ball screw transmission device, and the connection between one side of said first moving plate (506) and the up-and-down moving part of said first lifting transmission device (502) is specifically: one side of the first moving plate (506) is connected with a ball sliding block in the ball screw transmission device; the ball screw transmission is driven by a motor (501).
9. The numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the second lifting transmission device (503) is an electric cylinder transmission device, and the second moving plate (512) can be driven by the second lifting transmission device (503) to move up and down specifically: the second moving plate (12) can move up and down under the drive of the electric cylinder linear transmission mechanism.
10. The numerical control machine according to claim 1, characterized in that a spindle and a tool head are provided under the machine spindle motor (510).
11. The numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that a fixed plate (504) is arranged on one side of the first lifting transmission device (502) far away from the first moving plate (506), the fixed plate (504) is vertically fixed on the machine head cross beam (2), two vertical guide rails I (505) are arranged on the surface of one side of the fixed plate (504) far away from the machine head cross beam (2), and the two guide rails I (505) are respectively arranged on two sides of the first lifting transmission device (502); and one side surface of the first moving plate (506) close to the first lifting transmission device (502) is provided with two first sliding blocks, and the first sliding blocks can be matched with the first guide rails (505) on the surface of the fixed plate (504).
12. The numerical control machine according to claim 11, characterized in that said moving plate one (506) is provided, far from the lifting transmission one (502), with two vertical guides two (507); and a third moving plate (511) perpendicular to the second moving plate (512) is arranged at one end of the third moving plate (512) close to the first moving plate (506), two second sliding blocks are arranged on the surface of one side, close to the first moving plate (506), of the third moving plate (511), and the second sliding blocks can be matched with the second guide rails (507) on the surface of the first moving plate (506).
13. The numerical control machine tool according to claim 12, characterized in that a telescopic support rod (509) is vertically arranged on one side of the upper end surface of the third moving plate (511) far away from the second lifting transmission device (503), and the lower part of the telescopic support rod (509) is detachably connected with the upper end surface of the third moving plate (511).
14. Numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the lubricating cooling liquid pipe (73) between the oil pump (72) and the cooling cardan pipe (76) is in a compressed air pipe (74), in particular: at oil pump (72) exit, lubricated coolant liquid pipe (73) are kept away from oil pump (72) end and are penetrated oblique tee bend (75) and import to one side, air compressor end and oblique tee bend (75) straight import are kept away from in compressed air pipe (74) and can be dismantled the connection, establish compressed air pipe (74) between oblique tee bend (75) exit end and the cooling universal pipe (76), lubricated coolant liquid pipe (73) penetrate compressed air pipe (74) from oblique tee bend (75) exit end until reaching cooling universal pipe (76) and keep away from the nozzle end.
15. The numerical control machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the compressed air pipe (74) is provided with a throttle valve (77) near the air compressor end; a flow control valve (78) is arranged on the lubricating cooling liquid pipe (73) close to the oil outlet end of the oil pump (72); lubricating cooling liquid case (71) is installed on digit control machine tool aircraft nose crossbeam (2) side post, lubricating cooling liquid case (71) below is oil pump (72), and lubricating cooling liquid gets into oil pump (72) through lubricating cooling liquid pipe (73) under the action of gravity.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN113020194A (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2021-06-25 | 杭州宏泰数控设备有限公司 | Dust suction device |
| CN113334081A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-03 | 许碧环 | Gantry type numerical control drilling and milling machine |
| CN113546919A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-10-26 | 广东碧品居建筑工业化有限公司 | Four-axis high-flexibility dust collecting equipment |
| CN113798910A (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2021-12-17 | 湖南奥创普科技有限公司 | Automatic compensation dust extraction of lathe |
| CN113829120A (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2021-12-24 | 尚睿科技股份有限公司 | Engraving machine |
| CN113894109A (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2022-01-07 | 无锡先导智能装备股份有限公司 | Dust removal mechanism and laser cleaning device |
| CN114654295A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-06-24 | 上海鼎迪数控设备有限公司 | Numerical control machining center |
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| CN113020194A (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2021-06-25 | 杭州宏泰数控设备有限公司 | Dust suction device |
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| CN113894109A (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2022-01-07 | 无锡先导智能装备股份有限公司 | Dust removal mechanism and laser cleaning device |
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| CN114654295A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-06-24 | 上海鼎迪数控设备有限公司 | Numerical control machining center |
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