CN112403234A

CN112403234A - Method and system for detecting production safety of analytic tower and acid making system

Info

Publication number: CN112403234A
Application number: CN202010317263.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李俊杰; 魏进超; 曾小信; 刘雁飞
Original assignee: Zhongye Changtian International Engineering Co Ltd
Current assignee: Zhongye Changtian International Engineering Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-04-21
Filing date: 2020-04-21
Publication date: 2021-02-26
Anticipated expiration: 2040-04-21
Also published as: CN112403234B

Abstract

A method for detecting the production safety of an analytic tower and an acid making system comprises the following steps: 1) the active carbon adsorbed with the pollutants sequentially passes through a heating section, an SRG section and a cooling section in the desorption tower; 2) conveying the SRG gas to a water washing device for water washing through an SRG gas conveying pipeline; conveying the first gas obtained after washing to a drying device through a first pipeline for drying; dryingThe second gas obtained after the reaction is added with air and then is sent to a conversion system through a second pipeline for conversion; the third gas obtained after conversion is sent to a dry absorption system through a third pipeline for dry absorption; discharging the acid making tail gas subjected to dry absorption treatment through a tail gas conveying pipeline; 3) the active carbon cooled by the cooling section is discharged from a discharge port of the desorption tower; detecting O in a first gas and a second gas₂And simultaneously monitoring the temperature change of the SRG gas, and judging the working states of the analysis tower and the acid making system. By adopting the invention, early warning can be carried out on the working states of the analytic tower and the acid making system, and production can be guided.

Description

Method and system for detecting production safety of analytic tower and acid making system

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method for detecting the working states of an analytic tower and an acid making system, in particular to a method and a system for detecting the production safety of the analytic tower and the acid making system, and belongs to the technical field of activated carbon treatment of flue gas.

Background

The activated carbon flue gas purification technology has the advantage of multi-pollutant synergistic high-efficiency purification, and is suitable for complex sintering flue gas components (SO)₂、NO_xDust, O₂Water vapor, heavy metal) and large temperature fluctuation (110-.

The activated carbon flue gas purification system is provided with a plurality of subsystems such as an adsorption system, an analysis system and an acid making system, flue gas is purified after passing through the activated carbon adsorption unit, activated carbon particles circularly flow between the adsorption unit and the analysis unit, and cyclic utilization of 'pollutant adsorption → pollutant heating analysis activation (pollutant escape) → cooling → pollutant adsorption' is realized. The adsorption system is a process of adsorbing pollutants in sintering flue gas by using active carbon, and the desorption system is used for heating and regenerating the active carbon adsorbed with the pollutants, so that the activity of the active carbon is ensured to be recovered. The main chemical reactions taking place in the stripper are as follows:

H₂SO₄·H₂O＝SO₃+2H₂O (Ⅰ)；

SO₃+1/2C＝SO₂+1/2CO₂ (Ⅱ)。

the structure of the desorption tower is mainly divided into a heating section, an SRG section and a cooling section, wherein the heating section is used for heating and regenerating the active carbon adsorbed with pollutants, the SRG section is used for taking the regenerated gas out of the tower, the cooling section is used for cooling the regenerated active carbon, and the cooling temperature is required to be below 120 ℃. The active carbon is led out of the tube, the air is led out of the tube, and nitrogen is introduced into the tube, so that the desorption efficiency and the working safety of the desorption tower play an important role in an active carbon flue gas purification system. The operating environment of the desorption tower is severe, the heating section is in a high-temperature high-corrosivity high-water-vapor environment, the temperature difference is extremely large from the upper part to the lower part of the desorption tower, the requirement on the production process preparation level in the desorption tower is extremely high, and particularly the requirement on the sealing property of the tower body is extremely strict. If the tower body generates leakage, the following side reactions can occur:

C+O₂＝CO₂ (Ⅲ)。

in the activated carbon flue gas purification process, the influence of the working state of the desorption tower on the whole system is very important, if the phenomenon that air leaks to the tube array occurs in the desorption tower, high-temperature activated carbon in the tube array can react with oxygen in the air to generate a high-temperature combustion phenomenon, great hidden danger is caused on the safety of the whole desorption tower, meanwhile, the temperature of the activated carbon discharged from the system of the desorption tower is also high, the high-temperature activated carbon enters the adsorption tower, and the combustion phenomenon can also occur under the action of the oxygen in the sintering flue gas to cause greater harm, so that the real-time and accurate judgment on the operating state of the desorption tower is very important.

At present, the SRG gas is generally recycled to prepare 98% concentrated sulfuric acid, and an acid making system mainly comprises three systems of a purification process, conversion and dry absorption. The purification process mainly comprises spray washing and demisting, and is mainly used for removing impurities such as moisture, fluorine, ammonia, chlorine, dust and the like in the flue gas and the SRG gas. The dry absorption section of the sulfuric acid adopts the conventional processes of primary drying, secondary absorption and cooling after a circulating acid pump, and is mainly used for absorbing SO₃And sulfuric acid is produced. The conversion section adopts a four-section 3+1 type double-contact process to mainly realize SO₂High efficiency oxidation. In the acid production process, CO₂Derived from decomposition of sulfuric acid, e.g. formula (I) (II), with CO being derived from CO in the sintering flue gas adsorbed by activated carbon or other sourcesAnd (4) carrying out chemical reaction.

The acid preparation process is to resolve the generated SO-rich₂The process for recycling gas adopts partial pipeline full negative pressure operation to ensure the system safety, so that the sealing requirement on the acid making pipeline is very high, and if the air leakage condition occurs in the acid making process, the following serious consequences can be caused: (1) reduction of SO in SRG gas₂Content of SO in tail gas from acid production, which results in that the concentration in the conversion zone can not reach the heat balance and the conversion efficiency is influenced₂The concentration can be obviously improved, and the subsequent treatment is more difficult; (2) the outer wall of the air leakage position of the pipeline generates dilute acid to corrode the pipeline, an external pipeline valve and the like, and the operation safety of the system and the operation safety of personnel are influenced.

At present, temperature detection carries out indirect judgement to analytic system safety through in the tower, temperature detection mainly adopts the multiple spot temperature measurement mode, the detection point position is in the activated carbon layer such as heating section export, cooling section export, judge the operating condition in the desorber through temperature variation, but the temperature measurement can only detect the position, can not measure a plane, if the temperature check point has been missed in the activated carbon region of a certain high temperature, will enter into the adsorption tower through conveying system, be in aerobic state in the adsorption tower, high temperature activated carbon is the most likely burning, there is huge hidden danger to adsorption system's safe operation. The acid making process has the advantages of longer flow, more pipeline valves and more easily-leaked air points, and currently, no good convenient method is provided for detecting the air leakage position and judging the leakage content.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method and a system for detecting the production safety of an analytic tower and an acid making system from the angle of an acid making process based on the analysis-acid making whole-process full-flow process analysis. The invention detects the gas with detection conditions in the acid making process, installs the gas analyzer at a plurality of detection points, judges the operation state of the analysis and acid making system according to the change of gas components and guides the industrial production.

According to a first embodiment of the invention, a method for detecting the production safety of the analytic tower and the acid making system is provided.

A method for detecting the production safety of an analytic tower and an acid making system comprises the following steps:

1) conveying the activated carbon adsorbed with the pollutants to a feed inlet of an analytical tower, wherein the activated carbon adsorbed with the pollutants sequentially passes through a heating section, an SRG section and a cooling section in the analytical tower;

2) SRG gas is discharged from an SRG gas outlet of an SRG section of the desorption tower, and is conveyed to a water washing device of an acid making system for water washing through an SRG gas conveying pipeline; conveying the first gas obtained after washing to a drying device through a first pipeline for drying; the second gas obtained after drying is added with air and then is sent to a conversion system through a second pipeline for conversion; the third gas obtained after conversion is sent to a dry absorption system through a third pipeline for dry absorption; discharging the acid making tail gas subjected to dry absorption treatment through a tail gas conveying pipeline;

3) the active carbon cooled by the cooling section is discharged from a discharge port of the desorption tower;

wherein: by detecting O in the first gas and the second gas₂Monitoring the temperature change of SRG gas in the SRG gas conveying pipeline, and judging the working states of the analysis tower and the acid making system.

In the present invention, the passage detects O in the first gas and the second gas₂The temperature change of the SRG gas in the SRG gas conveying pipeline is monitored simultaneously, and the working states of the analytic tower and the acid making system are judged, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:

arranging a first monitoring point on the SRG gas conveying pipeline, and arranging a first gas analyzer at the first monitoring point; a second monitoring point is arranged on the first pipeline, and a second gas analyzer is arranged at the second monitoring point; a third monitoring point is arranged at the position before the second pipeline is mixed with air, and a third gas analyzer is arranged at the third monitoring point;

a) if the second gas analyzer detects O in the first gas in the first pipeline₂Is 0, while a third gas analyzer detects O in the second gas in the second pipeline₂If the content of (b) is also 0, indicating that the analytic tower and the acid making system both operate normally;

b) if it isThe third gas analyzer detects O in the second gas in the second pipeline₂Is greater than 0, and the second gas analyzer detects O in the first gas in the first pipeline₂If the content of the second monitoring point is 0, judging that the pipeline between the second monitoring point and the third monitoring point in the acid making system has an air leakage phenomenon;

c) if the second gas analyzer and the third gas analyzer respectively detect O in the first gas and the second gas₂Is greater than 0, and O₂The contents of the first monitoring point and the second monitoring point are consistent, and the air leakage phenomenon exists at the upstream position of the second monitoring point in the system; at the moment, if the first gas analyzer monitors that the temperature of the SRG gas in the SRG gas conveying pipeline is increased, judging that the gas leakage phenomenon exists in the analytical tower; if the first gas analyzer monitors that the temperature of the SRG gas in the SRG gas conveying pipeline is unchanged, judging that a pipeline between a first monitoring point and a second monitoring point in the acid making system has a gas leakage phenomenon;

d) if the second gas analyzer and the third gas analyzer respectively detect O in the first gas and the second gas₂Is greater than 0 and O is present in the second gas₂Is greater than O in the first gas₂The content of (b) indicates that the gas leakage phenomenon occurs in a pipeline between the second monitoring point and the third monitoring point in the acid making system, and meanwhile, the gas leakage phenomenon also occurs at the upstream position of the second monitoring point; at this time, the specific leakage position at the upstream of the second monitoring point is judged by combining the temperature change of the SRG gas in the SRG gas conveying pipeline monitored by the first gas analyzer, as in the case c).

According to a second embodiment of the invention, a method for detecting the production safety of the analytic tower and the acid making system is provided.

wherein: by detecting CO in any one of the first gas, the second gas, the gas mixed with air in the second gas, the third gas and the tail gas of acid production₂And (4) judging the working states of the analysis tower and the acid making system.

In the present invention, the CO in the gas obtained by mixing the first gas, the second gas or the second gas into the air is detected₂Judging the working states of the analytic tower and the acid making system, and specifically comprising the following steps:

a second monitoring point is arranged on the first pipeline, and a second gas analyzer is arranged at the second monitoring point; a third monitoring point is arranged at the position before the second pipeline is mixed with air, and a third gas analyzer is arranged at the third monitoring point; and a fourth monitoring point is arranged at the position, after the air is mixed into the second pipeline, and a fourth gas analyzer is arranged at the fourth monitoring point.

Calculating CO in unit time₂Yield of (a):

under normal working conditions, the yield of sulfuric acid per unit time in the acid making process is m₁Kg/h; can obtain CO in unit time₂Yield m of₂Comprises the following steps:

wherein: m₁Relative molecular mass of sulfuric acid, M₂Is CO₂Relative molecular mass of (2).

The main chemical reaction in the desorption column indicates CO in the gas in the acid production process₂Derived from decomposition reactions of sulfuric acid, and thus CO in the gas₂The amount of the acid can be reversely deduced from the yield of the sulfuric acid obtained in the acid production step.

② calculating CO₂Volume under operating conditions:

a) calculating CO₂Volume under standard condition Q_{Sign board}L/h, has:

b) measuring the temperature t of the gas at the nth monitoring point_nDEG C, according to an ideal gas state equation, the CO at the monitoring point in unit time can be obtained₂Volume Q under operating conditions_{Gong n}Comprises the following steps:

wherein n is 2, 3 or 4; q_{Worker 2}Expressed as CO at the second monitoring point₂Volume under operating conditions, Q_I3Expressed as CO at the third monitoring Point₂Volume under operating conditions, Q_{I4. the product}Expressed as CO at the fourth monitoring Point₂Volume under operating conditions. t is t₂Expressed as the temperature of the gas at the second monitoring point, t₃Expressed as the temperature of the gas at the third monitoring point, t₄Indicated as the temperature of the gas at the fourth monitored point.

Calculating CO₂Volume fractions of different monitoring points in the acid preparation process are as follows:

measuring the flow Q of the gas at the nth monitoring point_nL/h, can yield CO₂Volume fraction phi of different monitoring points in acid making process_nComprises the following steps:

wherein: n is 2, 3 or 4. Phi₂Expressed as CO at the second monitoring point₂Volume fraction of (phi)₃Expressed as CO at the third monitoring Point₂Volume fraction of (phi)₄Expressed as CO at the fourth monitoring Point₂Volume fraction of (a). Q₂Expressed as the volume of gas, Q, at the second monitoring point₃Expressed as the volume of gas, Q, at the third monitoring point₄Expressed as the volume of gas at the fourth monitoring point.

Setting CO at each monitoring point in the acid making process under the normal working condition₂Has a volume fraction of phi_{n mark}；

Calculating CO at different monitoring points in acid making process₂Volume fraction change value δ of_n：

Wherein, delta₂Indicating CO at the second monitoring point₂Volume fraction change value of, delta₃Indicating CO at the third monitoring Point₂Volume fraction change value of, delta₄Indicating CO at the fourth monitoring Point₂Volume fraction change value of (a). Phi_{2 label}Is CO at the second monitoring point under the normal working condition₂Volume fraction of (phi)_{3 Label}Is CO at the third monitoring point under the normal working condition₂Volume fraction of (phi)_{4 label}Is CO at the fourth monitoring point under the normal working condition₂Volume fraction of (a).

When the proportion is less than or equal to 10 percent below zero and delta_nWhen the concentration is less than or equal to 10 percent, the operation of the desorption tower and the acid making system is normal.

When delta_nIf the concentration is more than 10 percent, the phenomenon of gas leakage in the desorption tower is shown.

When delta_nAnd when the concentration is less than-10%, the gas leakage phenomenon exists in a pipeline between the SRG gas outlet and the nth monitoring point in the acid making system.

Preferably, when 10% < delta_nAnd when the temperature is less than 20 percent, stopping the operation of the heating section of the analysis tower, and continuing to operate the cooling section of the analysis tower. When delta_nAnd when the gas leakage phenomenon is more than or equal to 20 percent, the gas leakage phenomenon is serious because more gaps exist in the desorption tower, and the whole flue gas purification system is stopped at the moment.

In the present invention, the acid production and regeneration of the desorption tower occurCO₂The time of the gas has hysteresis, and the activated carbon is considered to be used for CO in the sintering flue gas₂Has small content of CO in SRG gas and has small adsorption capacity₂Can be slightly dissolved in water during washing, thus introducing the condition coefficient eta, and the formula (4) is converted into:

wherein: eta is a working condition coefficient, and the value of eta is 0.5-0.99, preferably 0.6-0.98, and more preferably 0.7-0.95. Phi₂' expressed as CO at the second monitoring point under specific conditions₂Volume fraction of (phi)₃' expressed as CO at the third monitoring point under specific working conditions₂Volume fraction of (phi)₄' As CO at the fourth monitoring point under specific conditions₂Volume fraction of (a).

Calculating CO under specific working conditions at different monitoring points in acid making process₂Volume fraction change value δ of_n’：

Wherein, delta₂' indicating CO at specific operating conditions at the second monitoring point₂Volume fraction change value of, delta₃' indicates CO at the third monitoring Point under specific conditions₂Volume fraction change value of, delta₄' indicates CO at the fourth monitoring Point under specific conditions₂Volume fraction change value of (a). Phi_{2 label}Is CO at the second monitoring point under the normal working condition₂Volume fraction of (phi)_{3 Label}Is CO at the third monitoring point under the normal working condition₂Volume fraction of (phi)_{4 label}Is CO at the fourth monitoring point under the normal working condition₂Volume fraction of (a).

When the proportion is less than or equal to 10 percent below zero and delta_n' when the concentration is less than or equal to 10 percent, the operation of the desorption tower and the acid making system is normal.

When delta_nIf' > 10%, it means that gas leakage occurs in the analytical column. Preferably, when 10% < delta_nWhen the concentration is less than 20 percent, the operation of the heating section of the desorption tower is stopped, and the cooling section of the desorption tower continues to operate. When delta_n' when the gas leakage is more than or equal to 20 percent, the gas leakage phenomenon is serious because more gaps exist in the desorption tower, and the whole flue gas purification system is stopped at the moment.

When delta_n' < -10%, it indicates that there is gas leakage in the pipeline between SRG gas outlet and the nth monitoring point in the acid making system.

In the invention, the detection of CO in the third gas or the tail gas of acid production is carried out₂Judging the working states of the analytic tower and the acid making system, and specifically comprising the following steps:

a fifth monitoring point is arranged on the third pipeline, and a fifth gas analyzer is arranged at the fifth monitoring point; and a sixth monitoring point is arranged on the tail gas conveying pipeline, and a sixth gas analyzer is arranged at the sixth monitoring point.

Measuring the volume fraction X of CO at the fourth monitoring point₄Gas flow Q of the fourth monitoring point₄L/h, CO newly added at the fifth monitoring point after the conversion process₂Volume V of₅Comprises the following steps:

V₅＝Q₄*X₄…………(6)；

according to the formulas (5) and (6), CO at the fifth monitoring point can be obtained₂Volume fraction of (phi)₅Comprises the following steps:

in the acid making process, the gas flow of the fourth monitoring point, the fifth monitoring point and the sixth monitoring point is basically unchanged, namely Q₄≈Q₅≈Q₆Q, so equation (7) can be simplified as:

CO at fifth monitoring Point₂Volume fraction of (2)

CO at sixth monitoring Point₂Volume fraction of (2)

Namely:

calculating CO in the third gas or the tail gas of the acid production in the acid production process₂Volume fraction change value δ of_n：

Wherein n is 5 or 6. Delta₅Indicating CO at the fifth monitoring Point₂Volume fraction change value of, delta₆Indicating CO at the sixth monitoring Point₂Volume fraction change value of (a). Phi_{5 Biao}Is CO at the fifth monitoring point under the normal working condition₂Volume fraction of (phi)_{6 Mark}Is CO at the sixth monitoring point under the normal working condition₂Volume fraction of (a).

When delta_nIf the concentration is more than 10 percent, the phenomenon of gas leakage in the desorption tower is shown. Preferably, when 10% < delta_nAnd when the temperature is less than 20 percent, stopping the operation of the heating section of the analysis tower, and continuing to operate the cooling section of the analysis tower. When delta_nAnd when the gas leakage phenomenon is more than or equal to 20 percent, the gas leakage phenomenon is serious because more gaps exist in the desorption tower, and the whole flue gas purification system is stopped at the moment.

According to a third embodiment of the invention, a system for detecting the production safety of the analytic tower and the acid making system is provided.

A system for detecting the production safety of the analysis tower and the acid making system by using the method comprises the analysis tower and the acid making system. A heating section, an SRG section and a cooling section are arranged in the desorption tower from top to bottom. And an SRG gas outlet is formed in the side wall of the SRG section. According to the trend of SRG gas, the acid making system is sequentially provided with a water washing device, a drying device, a conversion system and a dry absorption system. An SRG gas conveying pipeline leading out of the SRG gas outlet is connected to the water washing device. The gas outlet of the water washing device is connected to the drying device via a first conduit. A second conduit leading from the gas outlet of the drying device is connected to the conversion system. The gas outlet of the conversion system is connected to the dry suction system via a third pipeline. And a gas outlet of the dry absorption system is connected with a tail gas conveying pipeline. The second pipeline is connected with an air pipeline. A first monitoring point is arranged on the SRG gas conveying pipeline. And a second monitoring point is arranged on the first pipeline. And a third monitoring point is arranged on the second pipeline and is positioned at the upstream of the connecting position of the air pipeline and the second pipeline.

Preferably, a fourth monitoring point is provided on the second conduit downstream of the location where the air conduit connects to the second conduit. And a fifth monitoring point is arranged on the third pipeline. And a sixth monitoring point is arranged on the tail gas conveying pipeline.

In the present invention, the first monitoring point is provided with a first gas analyzer. And a second gas analyzer is arranged at the second monitoring point. And a third gas analyzer is arranged at the third monitoring point. And a fourth gas analyzer is arranged at the fourth monitoring point. And a fifth gas analyzer is arranged at the fifth monitoring point. And a sixth gas analyzer is arranged at the sixth monitoring point.

According to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, a system for detecting the production safety of the desorption tower and the acid production system is provided.

In the invention, the system also comprises a gas analyzer which is respectively connected with the first monitoring point, the second monitoring point, the third monitoring point, the fourth monitoring point, the fifth monitoring point and the sixth monitoring point.

In the invention, because the SRG gas does not contain O under the normal working condition₂O in the first gas at the second monitoring point can thus be detected by the second gas analyzer₂And the third gas analyzer detects O in the second gas at the third monitoring point₂The temperature change of the SRG gas in the SRG gas conveying pipeline is monitored by the first gas analyzer, so that the working states of the analytic tower and the acid making system are judged, and the method specifically comprises the following four conditions: a) when detecting O in the first gas and the second gas₂When the content of (b) is 0, the operation of the desorption tower and the acid making system is normal at the moment. b) When O in the first gas is detected₂Is 0, and O is present in the second gas₂Is greater than 0, and O₂And if the content is gradually increased, judging that the pipeline between the second monitoring point and the third monitoring point in the acid making system has the air leakage phenomenon. c) When O in the first gas and the second gas is detected₂Are all greater than 0, and O₂The contents of the SRG gas conveying pipelines are consistent, the phenomenon of gas leakage exists at the upstream position of a second monitoring point in the system, and the specific gas leakage position is judged by combining the temperature change of the SRG gas in the SRG gas conveying pipeline; if the temperature of the SRG gas is monitored to be increased, judging that the gas leakage phenomenon exists in the analysis tower; and if the temperature of the SRG gas is monitored to be unchanged or basically unchanged, judging that the pipeline between the first monitoring point and the second monitoring point in the acid making system has an air leakage phenomenon. d) When in useDetecting O in the first gas and the second gas₂Are all greater than 0, and O is present in the second gas₂Is greater than O in the first gas₂The content of (b) indicates that the gas leakage phenomenon occurs in a pipeline between the second monitoring point and the third monitoring point in the acid making system, and meanwhile, the gas leakage phenomenon also occurs at the upstream position of the second monitoring point; and at the moment, the specific air leakage position is judged by combining the temperature change of the SRG gas in the SRG gas conveying pipeline, and the condition of c) is analyzed. When the working state in the analysis tower is judged to be abnormal, the analysis tower is stopped for inspection, or the safest measure is taken to stop the whole flue gas purification system. When the situation of air leakage in the acid making system is judged, the heating of the activated carbon in the desorption tower is immediately stopped, the SRG gas is prevented from entering the acid making system, and then the specific air leakage position in the acid making pipeline is processed.

In the activated carbon flue gas purification process, if the phenomenon that air leaks into a tube array occurs in an analytic tower, high-temperature activated carbon in the tube array reacts with oxygen in the air to generate a high-temperature combustion phenomenon, so that the temperature of SRG gas is increased, and therefore in the situations of c) and d), if the temperature of the SRG gas is monitored to be increased, the phenomenon of gas leakage in the analytic tower is judged; otherwise, the gas leakage phenomenon of the pipeline of the acid making system is indicated.

In the present invention, the second gas after the drying process is supplemented with air in the second duct. The purpose of the make-up air is to introduce O₂Promoting SO₂By oxidation to SO₃. Wherein the amount of air supplemented is determined by SO in the second gas₂Is determined to satisfy O₂With SO₂The molar ratio of (A) is more than or equal to 0.5: 1. CO in air₂The volume fraction was 0.03%.

In the present invention, the main chemical reactions taking place in the analytical column are as follows:

H₂SO₄·H₂O＝SO₃+2H₂O (Ⅰ)；

SO₃+1/2C＝SO₂+1/2CO₂ (Ⅱ)。

from the above reaction formula, CO in the gas in the acid production step can be known₂Derived from sulfuric acidDecomposition reaction of (1). Generally, under the conditions of stable feeding speed of the desorption tower and sufficient desorption, CO is generated₂Will be substantially stable, and therefore, CO in the gas at each monitoring point in the acid production process can be measured₂The working states of the analysis tower and the acid making system are judged according to the fluctuation of the content.

In the actual process, CO₂There are two sources, sulfuric acid decomposition and C oxidation. The CO resolved (decomposed) by the sulfuric acid can be deduced from the yield of the sulfuric acid₂Content (c); excess CO₂Originating from the oxidation of C. If there is a leak in the stripper, oxidation of C will occur in the stripper: c + O₂→CO₂(ii) a This in part leads to increased production costs and risks by comparing actual CO₂Content and theoretical CO₂The difference between the contents (under normal working conditions) can deduce the health state of the analytical tower and the acid making system.

In the present invention, the CO in the gas is detected at the second monitoring point, the third monitoring point or the fourth monitoring point₂The content detection method comprises the following steps: firstly, the CO in the gas in unit time is reversely deduced through the yield of sulfuric acid in unit time in the acid making process under normal working conditions₂Produced in amounts of CO₂Calculating the amount of CO produced₂Volume under standard conditions; simultaneously, the gas flow and the temperature of each monitoring point are measured by a gas analyzer, and then the CO at the corresponding monitoring point is calculated₂Volume under operating conditions; final CO by measured gas flow and calculation₂Determining CO at each monitoring point according to volume under working condition₂Volume fraction of (phi)_n：

CO is generated due to acid production and regeneration of the desorption tower₂The time of the gas has hysteresis, and the activated carbon is considered to be used for CO in the sintering flue gas₂Has small content of CO in SRG gas and has small adsorption capacity₂Can be slightly dissolved in water in the washing process, so that the working condition coefficient eta is introduced according to the practical process experiencePerforming overconversion to obtain CO at each monitoring point₂Volume fraction of (phi)_n’：

Wherein: eta is a working condition coefficient, and the value of eta is 0.5-0.99, preferably 0.6-0.98, and more preferably 0.7-0.95.

For CO in gas at fifth monitoring point or sixth monitoring point₂The content detection method comprises the following steps: firstly, measuring the volume fraction of CO and the volume of gas at a fourth monitoring point by a gas analyzer, thereby obtaining the newly added CO in the gas at a fifth monitoring point after a conversion process₂The volume amount of (a); newly added CO₂And the calculated CO at the fourth monitoring point₂The sum of the volumes under the working condition is CO at the fifth monitoring point₂Volume under operating conditions; meanwhile, the gas flow at the fifth monitoring point is measured by a gas analyzer, and finally the CO at the fifth monitoring point is obtained₂Volume fraction of (a). Between the fifth monitoring point and the sixth monitoring point, the gas is subjected to a dry absorption process, and CO is generated after the dry absorption process₂The volume of the gas flow sensor is basically unchanged, and the gas flow of the fourth monitoring point, the fifth monitoring point and the sixth monitoring point is basically unchanged, so that the CO at the sixth monitoring point can be obtained in a simplified mode₂Is equal to the volume fraction of CO at the fifth monitoring point₂Volume fraction of (a):

wherein between the fourth monitoring point and the fifth monitoring point, the gas passes through a conversion process, and CO and O in the gas₂Conversion to CO by reaction₂，SO₂And O₂Conversion to SO by reaction₃I.e. from the fourth to the fifth monitoring point, the total gas volume is mainly reduced by O₂Volume of (b), and O₂Is small relative to the volume of the whole gas, so that O can be omitted₂Volume reduction, i.e. fourth point of monitoring andthe gas flow at the fifth monitoring point is substantially constant. And between the fifth monitoring point and the sixth monitoring point, the gas is subjected to a dry absorption process, sulfuric acid is prepared after the dry absorption process, and the gas flow is basically unchanged. Thus, the gas flow rates at the fourth, fifth, and sixth monitoring points are substantially constant.

Setting CO at each monitoring point in the acid making process under normal working conditions₂Volume fraction of (a). CO at each monitoring point obtained by comparing actual calculation₂Volume fraction of (A) and CO at each monitoring point under set normal operating conditions₂The volume fraction of (a) to determine the operating state of the analytical tower and the acid production system. When in actual production process, the CO obtained by actual calculation₂Is not equal to the set CO under the normal working condition₂Volume fraction of (or actually calculated CO)₂Is greater than the set CO under normal working conditions₂A certain range of volume fractions) of the air, it is judged that there is an air leakage phenomenon in the system; when in actual production process, the CO obtained by actual calculation₂Is equal to the set CO under normal working conditions₂Volume fraction of (or actually calculated CO)₂Is CO under the set normal working condition₂Within a certain range of volume fraction), the operating conditions of the analytical tower and the acid production system are judged to be normal.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the CO is calculated at each monitoring point₂The volume fraction change value (i.e., the degree of deviation) of the acid-making system. CO 2₂Can be set to a range if the actual calculated CO is₂If the volume fraction change value is in the set range, the working state of the analysis tower and the acid making system is normal; if actual calculated CO₂If the volume fraction change value exceeds the set range, the system working state is abnormal. CO 2₂The range of the volume fraction change value of (a) is set according to actual engineering experience. For example, CO is calculated at each monitoring point in the acid production process₂Has a volume fraction change value of delta_n. When the proportion is less than or equal to 10 percent below zero and delta_nWhen the concentration is less than or equal to 10 percent, the operation of the desorption tower and the acid making system is normal. When delta_nWhen the concentration is more than 10 percent, the actually calculated CO is shown₂Volume fraction of (A) is greater than that of CO under normal working conditions₂Volume fraction of (i.e. CO in the gas under actual conditions)₂The content of (A) is larger than that of CO in the gas under the normal working condition₂At this time, C + O is generated in the desorption tower₂→CO₂Thereby judging the occurrence of gas leakage in the analytical tower. Preferably, when 10% < delta_nAnd when the temperature is less than 20 percent, stopping the operation of the heating section of the analysis tower, and continuing to operate the cooling section of the analysis tower. When delta_nAnd when the gas leakage phenomenon is more than or equal to 20 percent, the gas leakage phenomenon is serious because more gaps exist in the desorption tower, and the whole flue gas purification system is stopped at the moment. When delta_nWhen < -10%, the actually calculated CO is indicated₂Is less than CO under normal working conditions₂Volume fraction of (i.e. CO in the gas under actual conditions)₂The content of (A) is less than that of CO in the gas under the normal working condition₂Because of the negative pressure operation upstream of the air supply position of the second pipeline in the acid making system, air enters the acid making pipeline from the air leakage point (or leakage point) in the negative pressure area, and CO in the air₂The content of the carbon dioxide is far less than that of CO in an acid making pipeline₂So when CO is present in the acid production line₂When the content of the SRG is reduced, the gas leakage phenomenon in the acid making system can be judged, namely the gas leakage phenomenon exists in a pipeline between an SRG gas outlet and an nth monitoring point in the acid making system, and remedial measures need to be taken immediately. At the moment, the heating of the activated carbon in the desorption tower is immediately stopped, the SRG gas is prevented from entering an acid making system, and then the specific gas leakage position in the acid making pipeline is treated.

Wherein, when 10% < delta_nIf the temperature is less than 20 percent, the small leak seam appears in the tube array in the analytical tower at the moment, the analytical heating process needs to be stopped, the cooling section of the analytical tower continues to operate, the temperature of the analytical tower is reduced, and preparation is made for shutdown inspection. When delta_n≥20％，CO₂The volume fraction change value exceeds the set range more, which indicates that gaps are generated in the tube array in the analysis tower at the moment, a large amount of air leaks into the analysis tower, the whole flue gas purification system needs to be stopped immediately, the conveying system stops running, the system is filled with nitrogen for protection, and after the temperature of the analysis tower is reducedAnd emptying the activated carbon and checking the connection condition of the pipeline. In addition, when CO is present₂The volume fraction change value of (2) exceeds the set range, and the temperature change of a cold air outlet of a cooling section of the analysis tower needs to be considered synchronously, because high-temperature flue gas in the analysis tower inevitably enters the cold air outlet after leaked air enters the analysis tower.

The invention detects the gas with detection conditions in the acid making process from the acid making process perspective by analyzing the whole process flow process of the whole process of the analysis-acid making. According to the invention, gas analyzers are arranged at six positions from a first monitoring point to a sixth monitoring point (or one gas analyzer is arranged and is respectively connected with the six monitoring points), and gas component change (mainly CO) is carried out₂And O₂Content change) and the operating state of the analysis and acid production system is judged by combining the gas temperature change of the corresponding monitoring point.

Under normal working conditions, CO at each monitoring point₂Volume fraction of (A) and O₂The contents of (A) are shown in the following table:

in the acid making process, CO is derived from CO in the flue gas adsorbed by the activated carbon, and the CO adsorption amount of the activated carbon to the flue gas is small. Therefore, in the invention, the CO content is stable, about 1% under the normal condition, and large fluctuation generally does not occur, and after the fifth monitoring point and the sixth monitoring point, the CO content is extremely low, about 100ppm under the normal condition, and can be ignored. In addition, the acid making process is relatively complex, only the main flow unit in the acid making process is detected in the application, and actually, more detection points can be provided.

In the present invention, the height of the desorption column is from 8 to 80m, preferably from 12 to 60m, more preferably from 14 to 40m, and still more preferably from 16 to 36 m.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

1. the method and the system detect a plurality of positions in the acid making process through a gas analyzer, and detect the positions through O₂The fluctuation of the content and the SRG gas temperature fluctuation pre-warn the working states of the analytic tower and the acid making system in advance, and provide guidance for the stable production of the system;

2. the method and system of the present invention quantify CO at multiple test sites in the acid making process₂Normal fluctuation of the content by CO₂The fluctuation of the content can early warn the working states of the analytic tower and the acid making system in advance, and provide guidance for the stable production of the system;

3. compared with the simple temperature detection, the invention can quickly judge the working states of the analysis tower and the acid making system, and provides multiple guarantees for the normal and stable operation of the whole flue gas purification system.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for detecting the safety of the analytical tower and the acid production system according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a process flow diagram of a method of detecting the safety of the analytical tower and the acid production system in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another arrangement of a gas analyzer in the system of the present invention.

Reference numerals: a: a resolution tower; 1: a heating section; 2: an SRG segment; 201: an SRG gas outlet; 3: a cooling section; b: an acid making system; 4: a water washing device; 5: a drying device; 6: a conversion system; 7: a dry suction system; 8: a first gas analyzer; 9: a second gas analyzer; 10: a third gas analyzer; 11: a fourth gas analyzer; 12: a fifth gas analyzer; 13: a sixth gas analyzer; 14: a gas analyzer;

l0: an SRG gas delivery line; l1: a first conduit; l2: a second conduit; l3: a third pipeline; l4: a tail gas conveying pipeline; l5: an air duct;

p1: a first monitoring point; p2: a second monitoring point; p3: a third monitoring point; p4: a fourth monitoring point; p5: a fifth monitoring point; p6: and a sixth monitoring point.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is illustrated below, and the claimed scope of the present invention includes, but is not limited to, the following examples.

A system for detecting the production safety of the analysis tower and the acid making system by using the method comprises an analysis tower A and an acid making system B. The heating section 1, the SRG section 2 and the cooling section 3 are arranged in the desorption tower A from top to bottom. The side wall of the SRG section 2 is provided with an SRG gas outlet 201. According to the trend of SRG gas, the acid making system B is sequentially provided with a water washing device 4, a drying device 5, a conversion system 6 and a dry absorption system 7. An SRG gas delivery line L0 leading from the SRG gas outlet 201 is connected to the water washing apparatus 4. The gas outlet of the water washing device 4 is connected to the drying device 5 via a first conduit L1. A second conduit L2 leading from the gas outlet of the drying device 5 is connected to the conversion system 6. The gas outlet of the reforming system 6 is connected to the dry suction system 7 via a third pipe L3. And a gas outlet of the dry absorption system 7 is connected with a tail gas conveying pipeline L4. An air duct L5 is connected to the second duct L2. A first monitoring point P1 is arranged on the SRG gas conveying pipeline L0. The first pipeline L1 is provided with a second monitoring point P2. A third monitoring point P3 is provided on the second conduit L2 upstream of the point at which the air conduit L5 connects to the second conduit L2.

Preferably, a fourth monitoring point P4 is provided on the second conduit L2 downstream of the point where the air conduit L5 connects to the second conduit L2. The third pipeline L3 is provided with a fifth monitoring point P5. And a sixth monitoring point P6 is arranged on the tail gas conveying pipeline L4.

In the present invention, the first monitoring point P1 is provided with the first gas analyzer 8. The second monitoring point P2 is provided with a second gas analyzer 9. The third monitoring point P3 is provided with a third gas analyzer 10. The fourth monitoring point P4 is provided with a fourth gas analyzer 11. The fifth monitoring point P5 is provided with a fifth gas analyzer 12. The sixth monitoring point P6 is provided with a sixth gas analyzer 13.

In the present invention, the system further comprises a gas analyzer 14, and the gas analyzer 14 is connected to the first monitoring point P1, the second monitoring point P2, the third monitoring point P3, the fourth monitoring point P4, the fifth monitoring point P5 and the sixth monitoring point P6 respectively.

Example 1

As shown in FIG. 1, a system for detecting the production safety of an analytical tower and an acid making system comprises an analytical tower A and an acid making system B. The heating section 1, the SRG section 2 and the cooling section 3 are arranged in the desorption tower A from top to bottom. The side wall of the SRG section 2 is provided with an SRG gas outlet 201. According to the trend of SRG gas, the acid making system B is sequentially provided with a water washing device 4, a drying device 5, a conversion system 6 and a dry absorption system 7. An SRG gas delivery line L0 leading from the SRG gas outlet 201 is connected to the water washing apparatus 4. The gas outlet of the water washing device 4 is connected to the drying device 5 via a first conduit L1. A second conduit L2 leading from the gas outlet of the drying device 5 is connected to the conversion system 6. The gas outlet of the reforming system 6 is connected to the dry suction system 7 via a third pipe L3. And a gas outlet of the dry absorption system 7 is connected with a tail gas conveying pipeline L4. An air duct L5 is connected to the second duct L2. A first monitoring point P1 is arranged on the SRG gas conveying pipeline L0. The first pipeline L1 is provided with a second monitoring point P2. A third monitoring point P3 is provided on the second conduit L2 upstream of the point at which the air conduit L5 connects to the second conduit L2. The first monitoring point P1 is provided with a first gas analyzer 8. The second monitoring point P2 is provided with a second gas analyzer 9. The third monitoring point P3 is provided with a third gas analyzer 10.

Example 2

Example 1 was repeated except that a fourth monitoring point P4 was provided on the second conduit L2 downstream of the point where the air conduit L5 was connected to the second conduit L2. The third pipeline L3 is provided with a fifth monitoring point P5. And a sixth monitoring point P6 is arranged on the tail gas conveying pipeline L4. The fourth monitoring point P4 is provided with a fourth gas analyzer 11. The fifth monitoring point P5 is provided with a fifth gas analyzer 12. The sixth monitoring point P6 is provided with a sixth gas analyzer 13.

Example 3

A system for detecting the production safety of an analytic tower and an acid making system comprises an analytic tower A and an acid making system B. The heating section 1, the SRG section 2 and the cooling section 3 are arranged in the desorption tower A from top to bottom. The side wall of the SRG section 2 is provided with an SRG gas outlet 201. According to the trend of SRG gas, the acid making system B is sequentially provided with a water washing device 4, a drying device 5, a conversion system 6 and a dry absorption system 7. An SRG gas delivery line L0 leading from the SRG gas outlet 201 is connected to the water washing apparatus 4. The gas outlet of the water washing device 4 is connected to the drying device 5 via a first conduit L1. A second conduit L2 leading from the gas outlet of the drying device 5 is connected to the conversion system 6. The gas outlet of the reforming system 6 is connected to the dry suction system 7 via a third pipe L3. And a gas outlet of the dry absorption system 7 is connected with a tail gas conveying pipeline L4. An air duct L5 is connected to the second duct L2. A first monitoring point P1 is arranged on the SRG gas conveying pipeline L0. The first pipeline L1 is provided with a second monitoring point P2. A third monitoring point P3 is provided on the second conduit L2 upstream of the point at which the air conduit L5 connects to the second conduit L2. A fourth monitoring point P4 is provided on the second conduit L2 downstream of the point where the air conduit L5 connects to the second conduit L2. The third pipeline L3 is provided with a fifth monitoring point P5. And a sixth monitoring point P6 is arranged on the tail gas conveying pipeline L4.

As shown in fig. 3, the system further includes a gas analyzer 14, and the gas analyzer 14 is connected to the first monitoring point P1, the second monitoring point P2, the third monitoring point P3, the fourth monitoring point P4, the fifth monitoring point P5, and the sixth monitoring point P6, respectively.

Example 4

As shown in fig. 2, a method for detecting the production safety of an analytic tower and an acid making system comprises the following steps:

1) conveying the activated carbon adsorbed with the pollutants to a feed inlet of an analytical tower A, wherein the activated carbon adsorbed with the pollutants sequentially passes through a heating section 1, an SRG section 2 and a cooling section 3 in the analytical tower A;

2) SRG gas is discharged from an SRG gas outlet 201 of an SRG section 2 of the desorption tower A, and is sent to a water washing device 4 of an acid making system B for water washing through an SRG gas conveying pipeline L0; the first gas obtained after the water washing is sent to a drying device 5 through a first pipeline L1 for drying; the second gas obtained after drying is added with air and then is sent to the conversion system 6 for conversion through a second pipeline L2; the third gas obtained after conversion is sent to a dry absorption system 7 through a third pipeline L3 for dry absorption; the acid making tail gas after the dry absorption treatment is discharged through a tail gas conveying pipeline L4;

3) the active carbon cooled by the cooling section 3 is discharged from a discharge port of the desorption tower A;

wherein: by detecting O in the first gas and the second gas₂And simultaneously monitoring the temperature change of the SRG gas in the SRG gas conveying pipeline L0, and judging the working states of the analysis tower A and the acid making system B.

Example 5

Example 4 was repeated except that the O in the first gas and the second gas was detected by₂While monitoring the temperature change of the SRG gas in the SRG gas conveying pipeline L0, and judging whether the analytic tower A is in the tower or notThe working state of the acid making system B is specifically as follows:

a first monitoring point P1 is arranged on the SRG gas conveying pipeline L0, and a first gas analyzer 8 is arranged at the first monitoring point P1; a second monitoring point P2 is arranged on the first pipeline L1, and a second gas analyzer 9 is arranged at the second monitoring point P2; a third monitoring point P3 is provided at a position before the second pipe L2 is mixed with air, and a third gas analyzer 10 is provided at the third monitoring point P3;

a) if the second gas analyzer 9 detects O in the first gas in the first pipeline L1₂Is 0 while the third gas analyzer 10 detects O in the second gas in the second pipeline L2₂If the content of (B) is also 0, indicating that the analytic tower A and the acid making system B both operate normally;

b) if the third gas analyzer 10 detects O in the second gas in the second pipeline L2₂Is greater than 0, and the second gas analyzer 9 detects O in the first gas in the first pipeline L1₂If the content of the acid is 0, judging that the pipeline between the second monitoring point P2 and the third monitoring point P3 in the acid making system B has an air leakage phenomenon;

c) if the second gas analyzer 9 and the third gas analyzer 10 detect O in the first gas and the second gas, respectively₂Is greater than 0, and O₂The contents of the first monitoring point P2 are consistent, which indicates that the air leakage phenomenon exists at the upstream position of the second monitoring point P2 in the system; at this time, if the first gas analyzer 8 monitors that the temperature of the SRG gas in the SRG gas conveying pipeline L0 rises, it is determined that there is a gas leakage phenomenon in the analytical tower a; if the first gas analyzer 8 monitors that the temperature of the SRG gas in the SRG gas conveying pipeline L0 is unchanged, judging that a pipeline between a first monitoring point P1 and a second monitoring point P2 in the acid making system B has a gas leakage phenomenon;

d) if the second gas analyzer 9 and the third gas analyzer 10 detect O in the first gas and the second gas, respectively₂Is greater than 0 and O is present in the second gas₂Is greater than O in the first gas₂The content of (B) indicates that there is a gas leakage in the pipe between the second monitoring point P2 and the third monitoring point P3 in the acid production system B, and there is a gas leakage at the upstream position of the second monitoring point P2A phenomenon; at this time, the specific leakage position upstream of the second monitoring point P2 is determined by combining the temperature change of the SRG gas in the SRG gas conveying pipeline L0 monitored by the first gas analyzer 8.

And when the working state of the analysis tower A is judged to be abnormal, stopping the analysis tower A for checking. When the pipeline of the acid making system B is judged to have the air leakage phenomenon, the heating of the activated carbon in the desorption tower is immediately stopped, the SRG gas is prevented from entering the acid making system, and then the specific air leakage position in the acid making pipeline is processed.

Example 6

wherein: by detecting CO in any one of the first gas, the second gas, the gas mixed with air in the second gas, the third gas and the tail gas of acid production₂And (4) judging the working states of the analysis tower A and the acid making system B.

Example 7

Example 6 is repeated, except that the CO in the gas is detected after the first gas, the second gas or the second gas is mixed into the air₂Judging the working states of the analysis tower A and the acid making system B, and specifically comprising the following steps:

a second monitoring point P2 is arranged on the first pipeline L1, and a second gas analyzer 9 is arranged at the second monitoring point P2; a third monitoring point P3 is provided at a position before the second pipe L2 is mixed with air, and a third gas analyzer 10 is provided at the third monitoring point P3; a fourth monitoring point P4 is provided at a position after the second pipe L2 is charged with air, and a fourth gas analyzer 11 is provided at the fourth monitoring point P4.

Calculating CO in unit time₂Yield of (a):

② calculating CO₂Volume under operating conditions:

a) calculating CO₂Volume under standard condition Q_{Sign board}L/h, has:

wherein n is 2, 3 or 4; q_{Worker 2}Expressed as CO at the second monitoring point₂Volume under operating conditions, Q_I3Expressed as CO at the third monitoring Point₂Volume under operating conditions, Q_{I4. the product}Expressed as CO at the fourth monitoring Point₂Volume under operating conditions; t is t₂Expressed as the temperature of the gas at the second monitoring point, t₃Expressed as the temperature of the gas at the third monitoring point, t₄Indicated as the temperature of the gas at the fourth monitored point.

wherein: n is 2, 3 or 4; phi₂Expressed as CO at the second monitoring point₂Volume fraction of (phi)₃Expressed as CO at the third monitoring Point₂Volume fraction of (phi)₄Expressed as CO at the fourth monitoring Point₂Volume fraction of (a); q₂Expressed as the volume of gas, Q, at the second monitoring point₃Expressed as the volume of gas, Q, at the third monitoring point₄Expressed as the volume of gas at the fourth monitoring point.

Wherein, delta₂Indicating CO at the second monitoring point₂Volume fraction change value of, delta₃Indicating CO at the third monitoring Point₂Volume fraction change value of, delta₄Indicating CO at the fourth monitoring Point₂A volume fraction change value of; phi_{2 label}Is CO at the second monitoring point under the normal working condition₂Volume fraction of (phi)_{3 Label}Is CO at the third monitoring point under the normal working condition₂Volume fraction of (phi)_{4 label}Is in a normal working conditionCO at the lower fourth monitoring Point₂Volume fraction of (a);

when the proportion is less than or equal to 10 percent below zero and delta_nWhen the concentration is less than or equal to 10 percent, the operation of the analysis tower A and the acid making system B is normal;

when delta_nIf the gas leakage rate is more than 10%, the gas leakage phenomenon occurs in the desorption tower A; when 10% < delta_nWhen the temperature is less than 20 percent, stopping the operation of the heating section of the analysis tower, and continuing to operate the cooling section of the analysis tower; when delta_nWhen the gas leakage is more than or equal to 20 percent, the gas leakage phenomenon is serious because more gaps exist in the desorption tower A, and the whole flue gas purification system is stopped at the moment;

when delta_nAnd when the concentration is less than-10%, the gas leakage phenomenon exists in a pipeline between the SRG gas outlet 201 and the nth monitoring point in the acid making system B.

Example 8

Example 7 was repeated except that CO was produced due to acid production and regeneration of the stripping column₂The time of the gas has hysteresis, and the activated carbon is considered to be used for CO in the sintering flue gas₂Has small content of CO in SRG gas and has small adsorption capacity₂Can be slightly dissolved in water during washing, thus introducing the condition coefficient eta, and the formula (4) is converted into:

wherein: eta is a working condition coefficient, and the value of eta is 0.7-0.95; phi₂' expressed as CO at the second monitoring point under specific conditions₂Volume fraction of (phi)₃' expressed as CO at the third monitoring point under specific working conditions₂Volume fraction of (phi)₄' As CO at the fourth monitoring point under specific conditions₂Volume fraction of (a);

Wherein, delta₂' means toCO at two monitoring points under specific working conditions₂Volume fraction change value of, delta₃' indicates CO at the third monitoring Point under specific conditions₂Volume fraction change value of, delta₄' indicates CO at the fourth monitoring Point under specific conditions₂A volume fraction change value of; phi_{2 label}Is CO at the second monitoring point under the normal working condition₂Volume fraction of (phi)_{3 Label}Is CO at the third monitoring point under the normal working condition₂Volume fraction of (phi)_{4 label}Is CO at the fourth monitoring point under the normal working condition₂Volume fraction of (a);

when the proportion is less than or equal to 10 percent below zero and delta_n' when the concentration is less than or equal to 10 percent, the operation of the desorption tower A and the acid making system B is normal;

when delta_nWhen the gas leakage rate is higher than 10 percent, the gas leakage phenomenon in the analysis tower A is explained; when 10% < delta_nWhen the temperature is less than 20 percent, stopping the operation of the heating section of the desorption tower, and continuing to operate the cooling section of the desorption tower; when delta_n' when the gas leakage rate is greater than or equal to 20 percent, the gas leakage phenomenon is serious because more gaps exist in the desorption tower A, and the whole flue gas purification system is stopped at the moment;

when delta_n' < -10%, it indicates that there is gas leakage in the pipeline between the SRG gas outlet 201 and the nth monitoring point in the acid production system B.

Example 9

Example 8 was repeated except that the CO in the third gas or acid making tail gas was detected as₂Judging the working states of the analysis tower A and the acid making system B, and specifically comprising the following steps:

a fifth monitoring point P5 is provided on the third pipeline L3, and a fifth gas analyzer 12 is provided at the fifth monitoring point P5; a sixth monitoring point P6 is arranged on the tail gas conveying pipeline L4, and a sixth gas analyzer 13 is arranged at the sixth monitoring point P6;

the volume fraction X of CO at the fourth monitoring point P4 is measured₄Gas flow rate Q of fourth monitoring Point P4₄L/h, CO newly added at a fifth monitoring point P5 after the conversion process₂Volume V of₅Comprises the following steps:

V₅＝Q₄*X₄…………(6)；

according to formulae (5) and (6)) CO at the available fifth monitoring Point P5₂Volume fraction of (phi)₅Comprises the following steps:

in the acid making process, the gas flow rates of the fourth monitoring point P4, the fifth monitoring point P5 and the sixth monitoring point P6 are basically unchanged, namely Q₄≈Q₅≈Q₆Q, so equation (7) can be simplified as:

CO at fifth monitoring Point P5₂Volume fraction of (2)

CO at sixth monitoring Point P6₂Volume fraction of (2)

Namely:

Wherein n is 5 or 6; delta₅Indicating CO at the fifth monitoring Point₂Volume fraction change value of, delta₆Indicating CO at the sixth monitoring Point₂A volume fraction change value of; phi_{5 Biao}Is CO at the fifth monitoring point under the normal working condition₂Volume fraction of (phi)_{6 Mark}Is CO at the sixth monitoring point under the normal working condition₂Volume fraction of (a);

when delta_nWhen the gas leakage rate is more than 10 percent, the gas leakage phenomenon in the desorption tower A is shownLike; when 10% < delta_nWhen the temperature is less than 20 percent, stopping the operation of the heating section of the analysis tower, and continuing to operate the cooling section of the analysis tower; when delta_nWhen the gas leakage is more than or equal to 20 percent, the gas leakage phenomenon is serious because more gaps exist in the desorption tower A, and the whole flue gas purification system is stopped at the moment;

Example 10

Example 7 was repeated to obtain a yield m of sulfuric acid per unit time in the acid production process₁At 1044 kg. The temperature t of the gas at the third monitoring point P3 is measured₃At 38 deg.C, the flow rate Q of the gas at the third monitoring point₃Is 2200000L/h. Thus, CO₂Volume fraction at third monitoring point Φ₃Comprises the following steps:

setting CO at a third monitoring point in the acid making process under the normal working condition₂Volume fraction of (phi)_{3 Label}The content was 6%. From this, CO was calculated at the third monitoring point in the acid making process₂Volume fraction change value δ of₃：

The analytical tower A and the acid making system B are normally operated.

Example 11

Example 10 was repeated, and the operating states of the analytical column and the acid production system were judged by the method of example 8. Introducing a working condition coefficient eta, namely CO at a third monitoring point under specific working conditions₂Volume fraction of (phi)₃' is:

wherein the working condition coefficient eta is 0.9.

Calculating CO at the specific working condition of the third monitoring point in the acid preparation process₂Volume fraction change value δ of₃’：

The analytical tower A and the acid making system B are normally operated.

Example 12

The method of example 9 was used to determine the operating conditions of the analytical column and the acid production system. The volume fraction X of CO at the fourth monitoring point P4 is measured₄Is 1%. Yield m of sulfuric acid per unit time in acid making procedure₁At 1044 kg. The temperature t of the gas at the fourth monitoring point P4 is measured₄It was 25 ℃. Flow rate Q of gas at fifth monitoring point P5₅Is 2900000L/h. Thus, CO at the fifth monitoring point P5₂Volume fraction of (phi)₅Comprises the following steps:

wherein the working condition coefficient eta is 0.98.

Setting CO at a fifth monitoring point P5 in the acid making process under the normal working condition₂Volume fraction of (phi)_{5 Biao}The content was 7%. Thus, the CO in the third gas in the acid production process is calculated₂Volume fraction change value δ of₅：

And (3) indicating that the pipeline between the SRG gas outlet 201 and the fifth monitoring point in the acid making system B has a gas leakage phenomenon, and immediately taking remedial measures.

Example 13

The operation state of the analytical column and the acid production system was judged by the method of example 7. Yield m of sulfuric acid per unit time in acid making procedure₁At 1044 kg. Measure the second monitoring pointTemperature t of gas at P2₂At 89 deg.C, the flow rate Q of the gas at the second monitoring point₂Is 2300000L/h. Thus, CO₂Volume fraction at second monitoring point phi₂Comprises the following steps:

setting CO at a second monitoring point in the acid making process under the normal working condition₂Volume fraction of (phi)_{2 label}The content was 6%. From this, the CO at the second monitoring point in the acid production process is calculated₂Volume fraction change value δ of₂：

And (4) explaining the phenomenon of air leakage in the analysis tower A, stopping the operation of the heating section of the analysis tower at the moment, and continuing to operate the cooling section of the analysis tower.

Claims

1. A method for detecting the production safety of an analytic tower and an acid making system comprises the following steps:

1) conveying the activated carbon adsorbed with the pollutants to a feed inlet of an analytical tower (A), wherein the activated carbon adsorbed with the pollutants sequentially passes through a heating section (1), an SRG section (2) and a cooling section (3) in the analytical tower (A);

2) SRG gas is discharged from an SRG gas outlet (201) of an SRG section (2) of the desorption tower (A), and is sent to a water washing device (4) of an acid making system (B) for water washing through an SRG gas conveying pipeline (L0); the first gas obtained after the water washing is sent to a drying device (5) through a first pipeline (L1) for drying; the second gas obtained after drying is mixed with air and then is sent to a conversion system (6) for conversion through a second pipeline (L2); the third gas obtained after conversion is sent to a dry absorption system (7) through a third pipeline (L3) for dry absorption; the acid making tail gas after the dry absorption treatment is discharged through a tail gas conveying pipeline (L4);

3) the active carbon cooled by the cooling section (3) is discharged from a discharge port of the desorption tower (A);

the method is characterized in that: by detecting O in the first gas and the second gas₂Monitoring the temperature change of the SRG gas in the SRG gas conveying pipeline (L0) and judging the working states of the analysis tower (A) and the acid making system (B); or

By detecting CO in any one of the first gas, the second gas, the gas mixed with air in the second gas, the third gas and the tail gas of acid production₂The content of (B) in the acid production system is determined by the content of (c).

2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the passage detects O in the first gas and the second gas₂Simultaneously monitoring the temperature change of the SRG gas in the SRG gas conveying pipeline (L0), and judging the working states of the analytical tower (A) and the acid making system (B), wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:

arranging a first monitoring point (P1) on the SRG gas conveying pipeline (L0), and arranging a first gas analyzer (8) at the first monitoring point (P1); a second monitoring point (P2) is arranged on the first pipeline (L1), and a second gas analyzer (9) is arranged at the second monitoring point (P2); a third monitoring point (P3) is arranged at a position before the second pipeline (L2) is mixed with air, and a third gas analyzer (10) is arranged at the third monitoring point (P3);

a) if the second gas analyzer (9) detects O in the first gas in the first pipeline (L1)₂Is 0, while the third gas analyzer (10) detects O in the second gas in the second pipeline (L2)₂If the content of (A) is also 0, indicating that the analysis tower (A) and the acid making system (B) both run normally;

b) if the third gas analyzer (10) detects O in the second gas in the second pipeline (L2)₂Is greater than 0, and the second gas analyzer (9) detects O in the first gas in the first conduit (L1)₂If the content of the acid is 0, judging that the gas leakage phenomenon occurs in a pipeline between a second monitoring point (P2) and a third monitoring point (P3) in the acid making system (B);

c) if the second gas analyzer (9) and the third gas analyzer (10) detect O in the first gas and the second gas respectively₂Is greater than 0, and O₂The content of (D) is consistent, which indicates that an air leakage phenomenon exists at the upstream position of a second monitoring point (P2) in the system; at the moment, if the first gas analyzer (8) monitors that the temperature of the SRG gas in the SRG gas conveying pipeline (L0) is increased, judging that the gas leakage phenomenon exists in the analysis tower (A); if the first gas analyzer (8) monitors that the temperature of the SRG gas in the SRG gas conveying pipeline (L0) is unchanged, judging that a pipeline between a first monitoring point (P1) and a second monitoring point (P2) in the acid making system (B) has a gas leakage phenomenon;

d) if the second gas analyzer (9) and the third gas analyzer (10) detect O in the first gas and the second gas respectively₂Is greater than 0 and O is present in the second gas₂Is greater than O in the first gas₂The content of (A) indicates that a gas leakage phenomenon occurs in a pipeline between a second monitoring point (P2) and a third monitoring point (P3) in the acid making system (B), and meanwhile, a gas leakage phenomenon also occurs at the upstream position of the second monitoring point (P2); and at the moment, the specific leakage position upstream of the second monitoring point (P2) is judged by combining the temperature change of the SRG gas in the SRG gas conveying pipeline (L0) monitored by the first gas analyzer (8).

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: detecting CO in the gas obtained by mixing the first gas, the second gas or the second gas into the air₂The working states of the analysis tower (A) and the acid making system (B) are judged, and the concrete steps are as follows:

a second monitoring point (P2) is arranged on the first pipeline (L1), and a second gas analyzer (9) is arranged at the second monitoring point (P2); a third monitoring point (P3) is arranged at a position before the second pipeline (L2) is mixed with air, and a third gas analyzer (10) is arranged at the third monitoring point (P3); a fourth monitoring point (P4) is arranged at the position of the second pipeline (L2) after air is mixed, and a fourth gas analyzer (11) is arranged at the fourth monitoring point (P4);

calculating CO in unit time₂Yield of (a):

wherein: m₁Relative molecular mass of sulfuric acid, M₂Is CO₂Relative molecular mass of (a);

② calculating CO₂Volume under operating conditions:

a) calculating CO₂Volume under standard condition Q_{Sign board}L/h, has:

wherein n is 2, 3 or 4; q_{Worker 2}Expressed as CO at the second monitoring point₂Volume under operating conditions, Q_I3Expressed as CO at the third monitoring Point₂Volume under operating conditions, Q_{I4. the product}Expressed as CO at the fourth monitoring Point₂Volume under operating conditions; t is t₂Expressed as the temperature of the gas at the second monitoring point, t₃Expressed as the temperature of the gas at the third monitoring point, t₄Expressed as the temperature of the gas at the fourth monitoring point;

wherein: n is 2, 3 or 4; phi₂Expressed as CO at the second monitoring point₂Volume fraction of (phi)₃Expressed as CO at the third monitoring Point₂Volume fraction of (phi)₄Expressed as CO at the fourth monitoring Point₂Volume fraction of (a); q₂Expressed as the volume of gas, Q, at the second monitoring point₃Expressed as the volume of gas, Q, at the third monitoring point₄Expressed as the volume of gas at the fourth monitoring point;

Wherein, delta₂Indicating CO at the second monitoring point₂Volume fraction change value of, delta₃Indicating CO at the third monitoring Point₂Volume fraction change value of, delta₄Indicating CO at the fourth monitoring Point₂A volume fraction change value of; phi_{2 label}Is CO at the second monitoring point under the normal working condition₂Volume fraction of (phi)_{3 Label}Is CO at the third monitoring point under the normal working condition₂Volume fraction of (phi)_{4 label}Is CO at the fourth monitoring point under the normal working condition₂Volume fraction of (a);

when the proportion is less than or equal to 10 percent below zero and delta_nWhen the concentration is less than or equal to 10 percent, the operation of the analysis tower (A) and the acid making system (B) is normal;

when delta_nIf the gas leakage rate is more than 10 percent, the gas leakage phenomenon occurs in the desorption tower (A);

when delta_nAnd when the concentration is less than-10%, the gas leakage phenomenon exists in a pipeline between the SRG gas outlet (201) and the nth monitoring point in the acid making system (B).

4. The method of claim 3, whichIs characterized in that: when 10% < delta_nWhen the temperature is less than 20 percent, stopping the operation of the heating section of the analysis tower, and continuing to operate the cooling section of the analysis tower; when delta_nAnd (4) when the gas leakage rate is more than or equal to 20 percent, indicating that more gaps exist in the desorption tower (A) and the gas leakage phenomenon is serious, and stopping the whole flue gas purification system at the moment.

5. The method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: introducing a working condition coefficient eta, and converting the formula (4) into:

wherein: eta is a working condition coefficient, and the value of eta is 0.5-0.99, preferably 0.6-0.98, and more preferably 0.7-0.95; phi_2’Expressed as CO at the second monitoring point under a specific working condition₂Volume fraction of (phi)_3’Expressed as CO at the third monitoring point under a specific working condition₂Volume fraction of (phi)_4’Expressed as CO at the fourth monitoring point under a specific working condition₂Volume fraction of (a);

Wherein, delta_2’Indicating CO at a particular operating condition at the second monitored point₂Volume fraction change value of, delta_3’Indicating CO at a particular operating condition at the third monitoring point₂Volume fraction change value of, delta_4’Indicating CO at the fourth monitoring point under specific conditions₂A volume fraction change value of; phi_{2 label}Is CO at the second monitoring point under the normal working condition₂Volume fraction of (phi)_{3 Label}Is CO at the third monitoring point under the normal working condition₂Volume fraction of (phi)_{4 label}Is CO at the fourth monitoring point under the normal working condition₂Volume fraction of (a);

when the proportion is less than or equal to 10 percent below zero and delta_n’When the concentration is less than or equal to 10 percent, the operation of the analysis tower (A) and the acid making system (B) is normal;

when delta_n’If the gas leakage rate is more than 10 percent, the gas leakage phenomenon occurs in the desorption tower (A); preferably, when 10% < delta_n’When the temperature is less than 20 percent, stopping the operation of the heating section of the analysis tower, and continuing to operate the cooling section of the analysis tower; when delta_n’When the gas leakage is more than or equal to 20 percent, the gas leakage phenomenon is serious because more gaps exist in the desorption tower (A), and the whole flue gas purification system is stopped at the moment;

when delta_n’And when the concentration is less than-10%, the gas leakage phenomenon exists in a pipeline between the SRG gas outlet (201) and the nth monitoring point in the acid making system (B).

6. The method of claim 5, wherein: the detection of CO in the third gas or the tail gas of acid production₂The working states of the analysis tower (A) and the acid making system (B) are judged, and the concrete steps are as follows:

a fifth monitoring point (P5) is arranged on the third pipeline (L3), and a fifth gas analyzer (12) is arranged at the fifth monitoring point (P5); a sixth monitoring point (P6) is arranged on the tail gas conveying pipeline (L4), and a sixth gas analyzer (13) is arranged at the sixth monitoring point (P6);

measuring the volume fraction X of CO at a fourth monitoring point (P4)₄Gas flow rate Q of the fourth monitoring point (P4)₄L/h, CO newly added at a fifth monitoring point (P5) after the conversion process₂Volume V of₅Comprises the following steps:

V₅＝Q₄*X₄…………(6)；

according to the equations (5) and (6), CO at the fifth monitoring point (P5) can be obtained₂Volume fraction of (phi)₅Comprises the following steps:

in the acid making process, the gas flow rates of the fourth monitoring point (P4), the fifth monitoring point (P5) and the sixth monitoring point (P6) are basically unchanged, namely Q₄≈Q₅≈Q₆Q, thereforeEquation (7) can be simplified as:

CO at fifth monitoring Point (P5)₂Volume fraction of (2)

CO at sixth monitoring Point (P6)₂Volume fraction of (2)

Namely:

when delta_nIf the gas leakage rate is more than 10 percent, the gas leakage phenomenon occurs in the desorption tower (A); preferably, when 10% < delta_nWhen the temperature is less than 20 percent, stopping the operation of the heating section of the analysis tower, and continuing to operate the cooling section of the analysis tower; when delta_nWhen the gas leakage is more than or equal to 20 percent, the gas leakage phenomenon is serious because more gaps exist in the desorption tower (A), and the whole flue gas purification system is stopped at the moment;

when delta_nWhen the concentration is less than-10%, the leakage of the pipeline between the SRG gas outlet (201) and the nth monitoring point in the acid making system (B) is provedSuch as a mouse.

7. A system for testing the safety of the production of a resolution tower and an acid production system using the method of any one of claims 1 to 6, the system comprising a resolution tower (a) and an acid production system (B); a heating section (1), an SRG section (2) and a cooling section (3) are arranged in the resolving tower (A) from top to bottom; an SRG gas outlet (201) is arranged on the side wall of the SRG section (2); according to the trend of SRG gas, the acid making system (B) is sequentially provided with a water washing device (4), a drying device (5), a conversion system (6) and a dry absorption system (7); an SRG gas conveying pipeline (L0) led out from the SRG gas outlet (201) is connected to the water washing device (4); the gas outlet of the water washing device (4) is connected to the drying device (5) via a first pipeline (L1); a second duct (L2) leading from the gas outlet of the drying device (5) is connected to the conversion system (6); the gas outlet of the conversion system (6) is connected to the dry absorption system (7) via a third pipeline (L3); a gas outlet of the dry absorption system (7) is connected with a tail gas conveying pipeline (L4); an air pipeline (L5) is connected to the second pipeline (L2); a first monitoring point (P1) is arranged on the SRG gas conveying pipeline (L0); a second monitoring point (P2) is arranged on the first pipeline (L1); a third monitoring point (P3) is arranged on the second pipeline (L2) and is positioned upstream of the connecting position of the air pipeline (L5) and the second pipeline (L2).

8. The system of claim 7, wherein: a fourth monitoring point (P4) is arranged on the second pipeline (L2) and is positioned at the downstream of the connecting position of the air pipeline (L5) and the second pipeline (L2); a fifth monitoring point (P5) is arranged on the third pipeline (L3); and a sixth monitoring point (P6) is arranged on the tail gas conveying pipeline (L4).

9. The system of claim 8, wherein: the first monitoring point (P1) is provided with a first gas analyzer (8); a second gas analyzer (9) is arranged at the second monitoring point (P2); a third gas analyzer (10) is arranged at a third monitoring point (P3); a fourth gas analyzer (11) is arranged at the fourth monitoring point (P4); a fifth gas analyzer (12) is arranged at a fifth monitoring point (P5); the sixth monitoring point (P6) is provided with a sixth gas analyzer (13).

10. The system of claim 8, wherein: the system further comprises a gas analyzer (14), wherein the gas analyzer (14) is respectively connected with the first monitoring point (P1), the second monitoring point (P2), the third monitoring point (P3), the fourth monitoring point (P4), the fifth monitoring point (P5) and the sixth monitoring point (P6).