CN112403178B - Activated carbon adsorption system with atmosphere protection structure and method for treating flue gas - Google Patents
Activated carbon adsorption system with atmosphere protection structure and method for treating flue gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN112403178B CN112403178B CN201910971641.4A CN201910971641A CN112403178B CN 112403178 B CN112403178 B CN 112403178B CN 201910971641 A CN201910971641 A CN 201910971641A CN 112403178 B CN112403178 B CN 112403178B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
- B01D2253/102—Carbon
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
- B01D2259/40083—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption
Abstract
The invention discloses an active carbon adsorption system with an atmosphere protection structure and a flue gas treatment method, wherein the system comprises an active carbon adsorption tower, an original flue gas inlet, a purified flue gas outlet and an active carbon layer, wherein the active carbon adsorption tower is arranged on the active carbon adsorption tower; a round roller blanking structure is arranged below a discharge hole at the bottom of the activated carbon layer; the transition section is arranged between the discharge opening and the circular roller blanking structure, and the transition section is provided with an atmosphere protection structure. According to the invention, protective gas is directly filled into the transition section to prevent the escape of flue gas, and meanwhile, the active carbon material layer of the transition section is cooled; the system can also charge inert ultrafine dust into the transition section, further isolate oxygen and improve the safety of the system; this system security is high, and the cooling separates oxygen effectually, prevents simultaneously that the flue gas that reveals from the adsorption tower from corroding conveying system, can move under the circumstances that the active carbon adsorption system does not shut down moreover, has improved the continuity and the stability of active carbon adsorption system operation, has improved work efficiency greatly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of flue gas purification equipment, and particularly relates to an activated carbon adsorption system with an atmosphere protection structure and a flue gas treatment method.
Background
The activated carbon flue gas purification technology has the advantage of multi-pollutant synergistic high-efficiency purification, and is suitable for complex sintering flue gas components (SO) 2 NOx, dust, O 2 Water vapor, heavy metal) and large temperature fluctuation (110-180 ℃), and has been successfully applied to a sintering flue gas purification system.
The active carbon flue gas purification system is provided with a plurality of subsystems such as adsorption system, analytic system, system sour system, and the flue gas purifies behind the active carbon adsorption unit, and the active carbon granule circulates between adsorption unit and analytic unit, realizes "adsorb the pollutant → heats to analyze the activation (make the pollutant escape) → cooling → adsorb the pollutant" cyclic utilization. The flue gas purification device comprises a conveyor, a rotary valve, a round roller and other mechanical rotating equipment, wherein the conveyor is used for the transfer of activated carbon between adsorption and desorption, the round roller is used for controlling the blanking amount of an adsorption tower and an analytical tower, and the rotary valve plays a role in mechanical sealing.
The activated carbon adsorption tower is a cross flow (smoke transversely passes through a carbon layer, and activated carbon moves from top to bottom) layered adsorption tower type, three layers or two layers are divided in the tower, and the removal effect of each layer of activated carbon on pollutants is different: the front layer mainly plays the roles of dust removal, desulfurization and denitration; the middle layer is further desulfurized, dedusted and denitrated; deep desulfurization and dust removal of the rear layer, further denitration and dust suppression. In order to achieve the best removal effect of the activated carbon on pollutants, the blanking speed of each layer of activated carbon needs to be controlled respectively, a circular roller blanking structure is generally adopted, and a certain gap height is formed between a circular roller and a blanking opening. The removal process of the activated carbon flue gas purification system to pollutants is as follows: SO in exhaust gas 2 The sulfuric acid is absorbed by the active carbon, and the ammonia is added to be converted into ammonium sulfate or ammonium bisulfate; the NOx in the exhaust gas and ammonia are subjected to SCR reaction and reduced into nitrogen, and the removal of the NOx is completed. Because the activated carbon is used for removing SO 2 In the process, substances such as ammonium sulfate and the like block microscopic pore canals, the specific surface area of the catalyst is reduced, and the adsorption performance of the activated carbon is influenced, so that the activated carbon adsorbing pollutants is sent to an analytic system through a conveying system for thermal regeneration treatment, and the regenerated activated carbon is conveyed to an adsorption tower through a conveyor for cyclic utilization. The activated carbon flue gas purification system can generate the following hidden troubles: (1) in the circulation process of the activated carbon, a large amount of carbon powder is inevitably generated due to mechanical abrasion, and the ignition temperature of the activated carbon powder is about 165 ℃; (2) activated carbon to SO 2 The adsorption of (a) is a strongly exothermic reaction. If the activated carbon in the flue gas purification system is not smoothly fed and sintering flue gas is short-circuited, SO is possibly caused 2 The heat released from the conversion to sulfuric acid causes the powdered activated carbon to ignite.
Meanwhile, in the past engineering practice, the rotary valve in the blanking of the adsorption tower belongs to a single sealing form, and the flue gas can move along with the activated carbonLeakage from the rotary valve, SO contained in the rotary valve after long-term operation and abrasion 2 The flue gas of pollutants will leak conveying system from the adsorption tower in a large number, will take place the condensation corrosion phenomenon in conveying system, influence conveying equipment's life.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an activated carbon adsorption system with an atmosphere protection structure and a method for treating flue gas, wherein the activated carbon material layer of the transition section is cooled by directly filling nitrogen or inert gas into the transition section, and further inert ultrafine dust can be filled while filling gas, so that oxygen is further isolated, and the safety of the system is improved; the system provided by the invention has high safety and good cooling and oxygen isolating effects, and can run under the condition that the activated carbon adsorption system does not shut down, so that the continuity and stability of the running of the activated carbon adsorption system are improved, and the working efficiency is greatly improved.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
according to a first embodiment of the present invention, an activated carbon adsorption system having an atmosphere protection structure includes an activated carbon adsorption tower. According to the trend of the flue gas, one side of the activated carbon adsorption tower is provided with a raw flue gas inlet, and the other side of the activated carbon adsorption tower is provided with a clean flue gas outlet. The multi-layer side-by-side type activated carbon adsorption tower is characterized in that a plurality of layers of activated carbon layers are arranged in the activated carbon adsorption tower, and porous plates are arranged between any two activated carbon layers. The bottom of each layer of the activated carbon layer is connected with the transition section, and the bottom of the transition section is provided with a circular roller blanking mechanism. And an atmosphere protection structure is arranged on the transition section. The atmosphere protection structure comprises a sealing cover, an air guide baffle plate and an air source. The air guide partition plate is arranged on the side wall of the transition section, the sealing cover is connected with the transition section and surrounds the outside of the air guide partition plate, the air source is communicated with the sealing cover through a first air conveying pipe, and the inside of the sealing cover is communicated with the inside of the transition section through the air guide partition plate.
Preferably, the system further comprises a temperature monitoring device. And the transition section at the bottom of the activated carbon layer of each layer is independently provided with a temperature monitoring device, and the temperature monitoring devices are used for monitoring the temperature in the transition section. And/or
Preferably, the air guide partition plate is of a louver structure.
Preferably, the system further comprises an inert dust tank. The inert dust tank is arranged on the outer side of the transition section and is connected and communicated with an air source.
Preferably, the inert dust tank is one or more of a superfine calcium carbonate inert dust tank, a superfine calcium sulfate inert dust tank and a superfine magnesium carbonate inert dust tank. And/or
Preferably, the gas source is one or more of nitrogen, helium, argon and xenon.
According to a second embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a flue gas treatment system using the activated carbon adsorption system with an atmosphere protection structure of the first embodiment, the system further comprises an activated carbon desorption tower, and the activated carbon desorption tower is provided with a heating section, an SRG section and a cooling section from top to bottom in sequence according to the trend of activated carbon. And a cooling medium inlet and a cooling medium outlet are arranged on the side wall of the cooling section. The cooling medium outlet is connected to the air source through a second air delivery pipe.
Preferably, the bottom of the activated carbon adsorption tower is provided with a buffer bin. The transition section is located above the interior of the surge bin. And a blanking rotary valve is arranged at the bottom of the buffer bin. The unloading rotary valve of active carbon adsorption tower is connected with the feed inlet of active carbon desorption tower through first active carbon conveyor. The upstream of first active carbon conveyor is equipped with first suction opening, and first suction opening is connected to the raw flue gas entry of active carbon adsorption tower through first gas pumping device. And/or
Preferably, the discharge port of the activated carbon desorption tower is connected with the activated carbon feed port of the activated carbon adsorption tower through a second activated carbon conveying device. And a second air suction opening is arranged at the downstream of the second activated carbon conveying device and connected to a raw smoke inlet of the activated carbon adsorption tower through a second air suction device.
Preferably, the top of the activated carbon adsorption tower is provided with an activated carbon feed inlet, the activated carbon feed inlet is provided with a first double-layer sealing valve device, and the first double-layer sealing valve device is formed by serially connecting two independent sealing valves. One branch of the first gas pipe is a third gas pipe, and the tail end of the third gas pipe is connected between the two sealing valves of the first double-layer sealing valve device. Or one branch of the second gas pipe is a fourth gas pipe, and the tail end of the fourth gas pipe is connected between the two sealing valves of the first double-layer sealing valve device. And/or
Preferably, the bottom of the activated carbon adsorption tower is provided with an activated carbon discharge hole. And a second double-layer sealing valve device is arranged at the active carbon discharge port and is formed by connecting two independent sealing valves in series. The other branch of the first gas pipe is a fifth gas pipe, and the tail end of the fifth gas pipe is connected between the two sealing valves of the second double-layer sealing valve device. Or the other branch of the second gas pipe is a sixth gas pipe, and the tail end of the sixth gas pipe is connected between the two sealing valves of the second double-layer sealing valve device.
Preferably, the height of the transition section is greater than the layer width of the activated carbon layer. The temperature monitoring device is provided with a plurality of temperature detection probes. And/or
Preferably, an inlet grating plate is arranged between the raw flue gas inlet and the activated carbon adsorption tower. An outlet grid plate is arranged between the purified flue gas outlet and the activated carbon adsorption tower.
According to a third embodiment of the present invention, the method using the activated carbon adsorption system with an atmosphere protecting structure according to the first embodiment or the flue gas treatment system according to the second embodiment comprises the steps of:
1) Raw flue gas enters the activated carbon adsorption tower from the raw flue gas inlet, the raw flue gas is purified through activated carbon adsorption, and purified clean flue gas is discharged from the clean flue gas outlet.
2) Fresh active carbon enters into the active carbon adsorption tower from the active carbon feed inlet at the top of the active carbon adsorption tower, and the active carbon adsorbs the purification at the inside on active carbon layer to the former flue gas that gets into, and the active carbon that has adsorbed the pollutant falls into the changeover portion of active carbon layer bottom, and the circle roller blanking structure via the changeover portion bottom is discharged and is carried to the analytic tower of active carbon and resolve at last, and the analysis back is carried to the active carbon adsorption tower again, circulates according to this.
3) Setting the safety critical temperature of the activated carbon in the transition section as T on the transition section Is provided with . The atmosphere protection structure monitors the temperature of the active carbon in the transition section in real time through a temperature monitoring device and records the temperature as T Measuring . When T is Measuring ＜T Is provided with At this time, the atmosphere protection structure is not activated. When T is Measuring ≥T Is provided with When the atmosphere protection structure is started and protective gas is conveyed into the transition section till T Measuring ＜T Is provided with 。
Preferably, in step (a), the protective gas delivered by the atmosphere protecting structure into the transition section is one or more of nitrogen, helium, argon and xenon. Or the protective gas conveyed to the transition section by the atmosphere protection structure is derived from a heat exchange medium discharged from a cooling section of the activated carbon desorption tower.
Preferably, in step (iii), the protective gas delivered by the atmosphere protecting structure into the transition section further comprises inert dust. The inert dust is one or more of ultrafine calcium carbonate inert dust, ultrafine calcium sulfate inert dust and ultrafine magnesium carbonate inert dust.
Preferably, the method further comprises a step 4) of conveying the flue gas leaked into the first activated carbon conveying device to the activated carbon adsorption tower from the first suction port through the first gas pumping device. And sending the flue gas leaked into the second activated carbon conveying device to the activated carbon adsorption tower from the second air suction opening through the second air suction device. And/or
Preferably, the method further comprises the step 5) that the third gas pipe or the fourth gas pipe conveys the protective gas to the position between the two sealing valves of the first double-layer sealing valve device at the activated carbon feeding port. And/or the fifth gas pipe or the sixth gas pipe conveys protective gas to a position between two sealing valves of the second double-layer sealing valve device at the active carbon discharge port. And/or
Preferably, the safety critical temperature T Is provided with Not more than160 ℃, preferably not more than 155 ℃, more preferably not more than 150 ℃.
In the invention, the activated carbon adsorption tower is in a cross-flow layered activated carbon tower type, and in order to avoid the leakage of flue gas downwards from the position of an activated carbon discharge port, an activated carbon material seal with a certain height is adopted, the material seal height is greater than the thickness of an activated carbon bed layer, and the material seal height is defined as a transition section. In practical engineering, because the activated carbon moves from top to bottom under the action of gravity, the flue gas inevitably runs along with the downward-moving activated carbon, and because the flue gas contains SO 2 Water vapor, O 2 When substances such as sulfuric acid are generated in the transition section, a large amount of heat is generated, the heat cannot be taken away by sintering flue gas, the high temperature of the active carbon in the transition section is easily caused, the stable and safe operation of a system is influenced, and particularly, when a bed layer is changed into a fixed bed or an active carbon bed layer due to irresistible factors (such as the failure of a blanking round roller, the failure of a conveyor and the like), and the flowing dead zone occurs, the temperature is easy to rise; according to the invention, the atmosphere protection structure is arranged on the transition section, when the temperature of the activated carbon in the transition section rises to a certain degree, the atmosphere protection structure starts to intervene, and the purposes of oxygen isolation and temperature reduction are achieved by passing protective gas into the transition section, so that the safe and stable operation of the flue gas adsorption system is ensured.
In the prior art, in order to ensure the safe and stable operation of the system in the activated carbon flue gas purification system, the temperature of the activated carbon flue gas purification system is generally controlled to be 130-140 ℃. However, in the engineering operation, if the temperature of the transition section of a certain unit (assumed as the unit A) in the tower reaches 160 ℃, flue gas isolation is adopted, the baffle doors at the inlet and the outlet of the unit A are closed, then active carbon cooling measures are adopted, and the circulation quantity of the active carbon is increased, so that the sintering yield reduction is caused, and more importantly, if the temperature is difficult to reduce in a short time, the flue gas cannot be easily introduced into the unit A, and the risk of accelerating the temperature increase exists. In the invention, one side (or a part of side wall) of the transition section is changed into a shutter structure (air guide clapboard), the opening position of the shutter is close to the upper edge of the transition section, and the angle of the shutter is upward to prevent the activated carbon from overflowing. A sealing cover is covered on the shutter structure, and one or more than one sealing cover is added on the sealing coverA plurality of N 2 Or other protective gas addition port. When nitrogen or other inert gases are introduced, the gases can move towards the upper part and the lower part of the transition section, and the flue gas entering the activated carbon adsorption tower from the flue gas inlet is isolated from flowing downwards. Because the high temperature point is mainly concentrated on the transition section in the engineering, when the temperature is abnormal (if the temperature of the unit A is monitored to rise to 150 ℃), the temperature detection device feeds information back to the control device, the control device controls the gas source to immediately introduce nitrogen or other protective gas into the transition section, smoke flowing downwards along with the activated carbon is isolated, the oxygen content in the transition section is reduced, the high-temperature unit A can run under the condition that the high-temperature unit A does not shut down, the continuity and the stability of the system running are ensured, and the process efficiency is improved.
In the invention, the transition section at the bottom of each layer of the activated carbon layer is independently provided with the temperature monitoring device, and a plurality of temperature monitoring probes of the temperature monitoring device extend into the transition section to monitor the change of the temperature of the activated carbon in real time. Setting the safety critical temperature of the activated carbon in the transition section as T Is provided with (T Is provided with Not greater than 160 deg.C, preferably not greater than 155 deg.C, and more preferably not greater than 150 deg.C. The temperature monitoring device monitors the temperature of the active carbon in the transition section in real time and records the temperature as T Measuring . When T is Measuring ＜T Is provided with At this time, the atmosphere protection structure is not activated. When T is Measuring ≥T Is provided with When the atmosphere protection structure is started, protective gas is conveyed into the transition section to carry out oxygen isolation and temperature reduction treatment on the high-temperature activated carbon in the transition section until T Side survey ＜T Is provided with And then the atmosphere protection structure stops conveying protective gas (the protective gas is one or more of nitrogen, helium, argon and xenon), and the process is circulated in sequence, so that the change of the temperature of the activated carbon is effectively monitored in real time, and effective measures are taken in time to ensure the safe and stable operation of the system.
Furthermore, in order to improve the cooling and oxygen insulation effects, ultrafine inert dust such as calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, magnesium carbonate and the like can be adopted and can enter the transition section under the drive of protective gas (such as nitrogen) flow to isolate downward smoke, so that the safety and stability of the system are ensured. These inert ultrafine dusts can be coated with activated carbon to exclude oxygen. The added ultrafine dust enters a desorption system through a conveying system, the temperature of the desorption system is 430 ℃, sulfate is not decomposed, the ultrafine dust can be sieved out along with carbon powder through a vibrating screen after desorption, and the ultrafine dust cannot be brought into an adsorption system to cause influence.
Generally, the activated carbon desorption tower is provided with a heating section, an SRG section and a cooling section from top to bottom in sequence. And a cooling medium inlet and a cooling medium outlet are arranged on the side wall of the cooling section. The cooling medium is discharged from a cooling medium outlet after heat exchange, the temperature of the cooling medium after heat exchange is generally about 120 ℃, in the invention, the cooling medium (belonging to the same gas as the protective gas) with the temperature of 120 ℃ and a gas source are conveyed to a transition section, one purpose of the invention is to form ascending gas flow in the transition section to form gas flow resistance and further prevent flue gas in the activated carbon adsorption tower from flowing downwards, and the other purpose of the invention is to prevent the temperature of the activated carbon from rising to cause dangerous situation because the cooling medium after heat exchange has the temperature of about 120 ℃, but prevent the over-cooled protective gas from causing the over-low temperature of the activated carbon in the activated carbon adsorption tower so as to cause sulfide crystallization to influence the adsorption effect.
In the invention, flue gas which is not ready for adsorption treatment is doped in the process of conveying the activated carbon by the activated carbon conveying device inevitably, and meanwhile, when the pollutants adsorbed by the activated carbon in the activated carbon adsorption tower are close to a saturated state or the problem of flue gas leakage occurs, or the activated carbon adsorption tower breaks down, and the like, the flue gas containing a large amount of pollutants (especially sulfides) can be greatly damaged after entering the activated carbon conveying device.
In the invention, double-layer sealing valve devices are arranged at an activated carbon feeding hole at the top of the activated carbon adsorption tower and an activated carbon discharging hole arranged at the bottom of the activated carbon adsorption tower, so that the flue gas containing pollutants in the activated carbon adsorption tower is further prevented from flowing into an activated carbon conveying device to damage equipment, meanwhile, a pipeline is led out between the double-layer sealing valve devices and is communicated with a protective gas source or a cooling medium conveying pipe after heat exchange, airflow resistance is formed on the flue gas containing pollutants possibly leaked from a sealing valve, the flue gas containing pollutants is further prevented from flowing into the activated carbon conveying device, meanwhile, the activated carbon passing through the sealing valve can be protected, and the situation that the temperature of the activated carbon is too high due to the high-temperature flue gas containing pollutants is prevented from occurring.
The invention can also be realized by additionally arranging a control device. And the control device controls the temperature monitoring device, the gas source, the inert powder layer tank, the air draft device, the gas conveying pipeline, the valves and the like to carry out coordination control through lines respectively, so that the labor cost is saved to the maximum extent, meanwhile, the change of the real-time temperature value of the activated carbon in the transition section detected by the temperature monitoring device can be timely judged, and then whether a protection mechanism (the gas source and/or the inert dust tank) in the atmosphere protection structure is started or not is judged according to the change condition of the temperature value to take oxygen-isolating and cooling measures for the transition section.
In the invention, the side wall of the transition section is an air guide clapboard of a shutter structure, the opening position of the shutter is close to the upper edge of the transition section, and the angle of the shutter is upward to prevent the activated carbon from overflowing. The sealing cover is connected with the transition section and surrounds the air guide partition plate, the air source is communicated with the sealing cover through one or more air pipes, the sealing cover is arranged to directly input protective gas and/or inert dust into the transition section, and in the process, the adsorption unit does not need to be stopped, namely, the adsorption unit can operate under the condition that a certain high-temperature unit does not stop, so that the continuity and the stability of the operation of the system are ensured. The gas transmission pipes are arranged to ensure that protective gas and/or inert dust can be timely and quickly input into the transition section to be subjected to oxygen insulation and cooling treatment, other gas transmission pipes can also continue to normally work under the condition that a certain gas transmission pipe is blocked, and the safety and the stability of the system are further ensured.
In the invention, the high-temperature activated carbon in the transition section can adopt a mode of independently introducing protective gas or independently introducing inert dust, and also can adopt a mode of simultaneously introducing protective gas and inert dust.
In the present invention, the vertical direction refers to a flow direction of activated carbon in the activated carbon adsorption carbon, and the horizontal direction refers to a vertical horizontal direction with respect to the vertical direction.
In the invention, aiming at the condition that the flue gas containing pollutants is easy to leak in the activated carbon adsorption tower, the technical scheme of the invention solves the problem by a plurality of technical means. If the flue gas leaks from the feed inlet or the discharge outlet of the activated carbon adsorption tower, the invention also has the problem of flue gas leakage treatment by related technical means. The technical scheme of the invention thoroughly solves the engineering problem that the active carbon adsorption tower is easy to generate flue gas (flue gas containing pollutants) leakage from two aspects of prevention and treatment, ensures the operation safety of the active carbon adsorption tower and also avoids the pollution of the leaked flue gas to the environment.
In the invention, the atmosphere protection structure is arranged in the transition section, and the gas conveyed into the transition section plays a role of protection by conveying the gas into the atmosphere protection structure, so that the flue gas in the activated carbon adsorption tower is forced to flow towards the direction of the clean flue gas outlet, and the flue gas is prevented from escaping from the activated carbon discharge outlet.
Preferably, the temperature monitoring device can be used for judging the temperature condition in the transition section, if the flue gas enters the transition section, oxysulfide in the flue gas reacts with water vapor to release heat, so that the temperature of the activated carbon in the transition section is increased, the temperature change condition in the transition section is detected in real time through the temperature monitoring device, and whether the flue gas leaks to the transition section can be accurately judged. If the temperature in the transition section rises, indicating that the flue gas has leaked into the transition section; at the moment, gas is introduced into the transition section, so that the flue gas in the transition section is forced to enter the activated carbon layer, and the flue gas is prevented from leaking from the circular roller blanking mechanism through the transition section; meanwhile, the risk of burning the activated carbon caused by overhigh temperature in the transition section is also avoided.
As the optimization, can add superfine dust in the gas that lets in the changeover portion, superfine dust intercommunication gas is carried to the changeover portion together in, and superfine dust adsorbs on the activated carbon surface, wraps up the activated carbon, plays the effect of isolated activated carbon and flue gas, and isolated activated carbon reacts with the flue gas in the flue gas to avoid the burning of activated carbon, further guaranteed the safe and stable operation of system.
Preferably, the heat exchange medium discharged from the cooling section of the desorption tower may be transported to the atmosphere protection structure. The cooling section of the active carbon desorption tower is fully utilized to discharge heat exchange medium with the temperature of about 120 ℃, and the heat exchange medium is conveyed into the transition section. According to the technical scheme, the heat exchange medium conveyed to the transition section is utilized to block the leakage of the flue gas in the activated carbon adsorption tower to the activated carbon discharge port; the temperature of the active carbon in the transition section can be ensured by utilizing the heat exchange medium with the temperature, and the phenomenon that the temperature of the active carbon in the transition section is too low to cause the condensation of the sulfide on the surface of the transition section is avoided, so that the corrosion of the sulfide on the active carbon adsorption tower is avoided.
If smoke gas leaks, the double-layer sealing valve devices are arranged at the activated carbon feeding hole and the activated carbon discharging hole, and protective gas is introduced into the middle of the double-layer sealing valve devices, so that the smoke gas is prevented from leaking into the air from the activated carbon feeding hole and the activated carbon discharging hole. The active carbon conveying device is also provided with an air suction opening, and the air suction opening is used for sucking away the smoke leaked into the active carbon conveying device, so that the phenomenon of condensation of the smoke in the active carbon conveying device due to the low-temperature environment outside is avoided, and the corrosion of the leaked smoke on the active carbon conveying device is avoided. The flue gas leaked into the active carbon conveying device is conveyed to a raw flue gas inlet of the active carbon adsorption tower through the air draft device and is treated by the active carbon layer.
In the present invention, the height of the atmosphere protecting structure is 2 to 300cm, preferably 5 to 200cm, more preferably 10 to 100cm. The height of the transition section is 2-50cm, preferably 3-30cm, more preferably 5-20cm greater than the layer width of the activated carbon layer (103).
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
1. protective gas and/or inert dust can be quickly filled in the transition section, and oxygen insulation and cooling treatment is timely and quickly carried out on high-temperature activated carbon in the transition section, so that the safety of the system is ensured;
2. by adopting the mutual synergistic effect of the real-time temperature monitoring and control unit and the like, a protection mechanism can be started before the temperature of the activated carbon is too high to reach a critical value effectively in time, the stability of the system is improved, and the production efficiency is improved;
3. the scheme of the invention can adopt oxygen-isolating and temperature-reducing measures to any one or more adsorption units under the condition of no shutdown, thereby ensuring the continuity and stability of system operation.
4. The invention also adopts ultrafine inert dust such as calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, magnesium carbonate and the like, which enters the transition section under the drive of nitrogen flow, so that not only can downward flue gas be isolated, but also the inert ultrafine dust can wrap active carbon and isolate oxygen, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of the system, and the ultrafine dust can also be discharged through a vibrating screen after being analyzed and can not be brought into an adsorption system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial block diagram of a transition section of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the present invention with an inert dust tank;
FIG. 4 is a structural view of an activated carbon adsorption column-desorption column according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a view showing the structure of an activated carbon adsorption column-desorption column according to the present invention with an air draft mechanism;
FIG. 6 is a structural view of an activated carbon adsorption tower of the present invention having a double-layered sealing valve unit;
fig. 7 is a structural view of an adsorption/desorption column of carbon of the present invention having a double-layer sealing valve unit.
Reference numerals: 1: an activated carbon adsorption tower; 101: a raw flue gas inlet; 102: a purified flue gas outlet; 103: an activated carbon layer; 104: a perforated plate; 105: a circular roller blanking structure; 106: a discharge outlet; 107: an inlet grill panel; 108: an outlet grid plate; 109: an activated carbon feed port; 110: a first double seal valve unit; 111: a discharge hole of the activated carbon; 112: a second double layer seal valve unit; 2: a transition section; 3: an atmosphere protection structure; 301: a sealing cover; 302: an air guide clapboard; 303: a gas source; 304: an inert powder layer tank; 4: a temperature monitoring device; 5: an activated carbon desorption tower; 501: a heating section; 502: an SRG segment; 503: a cooling section; 50301: a cooling medium inlet; 50302: a cooling medium outlet; 6: a buffer bin; 601: a blanking rotary valve; 602: a first suction opening; 603: a second suction opening; l1: a first gas delivery pipe; l2: a second gas delivery pipe; l3: a third gas delivery pipe; l4: a fourth gas delivery pipe; l5: a fifth gas delivery pipe; l6: a sixth gas delivery pipe; l7: a first activated carbon delivery device; l8: a second activated carbon delivery device; f1: a first gas pumping device; f2: a second gas pumping device.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is illustrated below, and the claimed scope of the present invention includes, but is not limited to, the following examples.
An activated carbon adsorption system with an atmosphere protection structure includes an activated carbon adsorption tower 1. According to the trend of the flue gas, one side of the activated carbon adsorption tower 1 is provided with a raw flue gas inlet 101, and the other side is provided with a clean flue gas outlet 102. The activated carbon adsorption tower 1 is internally provided with a plurality of layers of side-by-side activated carbon layers 103, and a porous plate 104 is arranged between any two activated carbon layers 103. The bottom of each layer of the activated carbon layer 103 is connected with the transition section 2, and the bottom of the transition section 2 is provided with a round roller blanking mechanism 105. And an atmosphere protection structure 3 is arranged on the transition section 2. The atmosphere protection structure 3 comprises a sealing cover 301, an air guide baffle 302 and an air source 303. The air guide partition plate 302 is arranged on the side wall of the transition section 2, the sealing cover 301 is connected with the transition section 2 and surrounds the air guide partition plate 302, the air source 303 is communicated with the sealing cover 301 through a first air conveying pipe L1, and the inside of the sealing cover 301 is communicated with the inside of the transition section 2 through the air guide partition plate 302.
Preferably, the system further comprises a temperature monitoring device 4. And a temperature monitoring device 4 is independently arranged on the transition section 2 at the bottom of each activated carbon layer 103, and the temperature monitoring device 4 is used for monitoring the temperature in the transition section 2. And/or
Preferably, the air guide partition 302 is a louver structure.
Preferably, the system further comprises an inert dust tank 304. The inert dust tank 304 is arranged outside the transition section 2, and the inert dust tank 304 is connected and communicated with the gas source 303.
Preferably, the inert dust tank 304 is one or more of an ultrafine calcium carbonate inert dust tank, an ultrafine calcium sulfate inert dust tank and an ultrafine magnesium carbonate inert dust tank. And/or
Preferably, the gas source 303 is one or more of nitrogen, helium, argon, and xenon.
The utility model provides a flue gas processing system, this system includes active carbon adsorption system and the active carbon analytic tower 5 that has atmosphere protection structure 3, according to the trend of active carbon, active carbon analytic tower 5 is from last to being equipped with heating section 501, SRG section 502 and cooling section 503 down in proper order. The side wall of the cooling segment 503 is provided with a cooling medium inlet 50301 and a cooling medium outlet 50302. The cooling medium outlet 50302 is connected to the gas source 303 through a second gas line L2.
Preferably, the bottom of the activated carbon adsorption tower 1 is provided with a buffer bin 6. The transition section 2 is located above the interior of the surge bin 6. And a blanking rotary valve 601 is arranged at the bottom of the buffer bin 6. The blanking rotary valve 601 of the activated carbon adsorption tower 1 is connected with the feed inlet of the activated carbon desorption tower 5 through the first activated carbon conveying device L7. A first suction opening 602 is arranged at the upstream of the first activated carbon conveying device L7, and the first suction opening 602 is connected to the raw flue gas inlet 101 of the activated carbon adsorption tower 1 through a first gas pumping device F1. And/or
Preferably, the discharge port of the activated carbon desorption column 5 is connected to the activated carbon feed port of the activated carbon adsorption column 1 via a second activated carbon transport device L8. A second suction opening 603 is arranged at the downstream of the second activated carbon conveying device L8, and the second suction opening 603 is connected to the raw flue gas inlet 101 of the activated carbon adsorption tower 1 through a second gas suction device F2.
Preferably, an activated carbon feed port 109 is formed in the top of the activated carbon adsorption tower 1, a first double-layer sealing valve device 110 is arranged at the activated carbon feed port 109, and the first double-layer sealing valve device 110 is formed by serially connecting two independent sealing valves. The first gas pipe L1 is branched into a branch pipe which is a third gas pipe L3, and the tail end of the third gas pipe L3 is connected between the two sealing valves of the first double-layer sealing valve device 110. Or, the second gas pipe L2 branches into a fourth gas pipe L4, and the tail end of the fourth gas pipe L4 is connected between the two sealing valves of the first double-layer sealing valve device 110. And/or
Preferably, the bottom of the activated carbon adsorption tower 1 is provided with an activated carbon discharge port 111. A second double-layer sealing valve device 112 is arranged at the activated carbon discharge port 111, and the second double-layer sealing valve device 112 is formed by connecting two independent sealing valves in series. The other branch of the first air pipe L1 is a fifth air pipe L5, and the tail end of the fifth air pipe L5 is connected between the two sealing valves of the second double-layer sealing valve unit 112. Alternatively, the other branch of the second gas pipe L2 is a sixth gas pipe L6, and the tail end of the sixth gas pipe L6 is connected between the two sealing valves of the second double-layer sealing valve device 112.
Preferably, the height of the transition section 2 is greater than the layer width of the activated carbon layer 103. The temperature monitoring device 4 is provided with a plurality of temperature detection probes. And/or
Preferably, an inlet grid plate 107 is arranged between the raw flue gas inlet 101 and the activated carbon adsorption tower 1. An outlet grid plate 108 is arranged between the clean flue gas outlet 102 and the activated carbon adsorption tower 1.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, an activated carbon adsorption system having an atmosphere protection structure includes an activated carbon adsorption tower 1. According to the trend of the flue gas, one side of the activated carbon adsorption tower 1 is provided with a raw flue gas inlet 101, and the other side is provided with a clean flue gas outlet 102. The activated carbon adsorption tower 1 is internally provided with a plurality of layers of side-by-side activated carbon layers 103, and a porous plate 104 is arranged between any two activated carbon layers 103. The bottom of each layer of the activated carbon layer 103 is connected with the transition section 2, and the bottom of the transition section 2 is provided with a circular roller blanking mechanism 105. And an atmosphere protection structure 3 is arranged on the transition section 2. The atmosphere protection structure 3 comprises a sealing cover 301, an air guide baffle 302 and an air source 303. The air guide partition plate 302 is arranged on the side wall of the transition section 2, the sealing cover 301 is connected with the transition section 2 and surrounds the air guide partition plate 302, the air source 303 is communicated with the sealing cover 301 through a first air conveying pipe L1, and the inside of the sealing cover 301 is communicated with the inside of the transition section 2 through the air guide partition plate 302.
Example 2
Example 1 is repeated except that the system further comprises a temperature monitoring device 4. And a temperature monitoring device 4 is independently arranged on the transition section 2 at the bottom of each activated carbon layer 103, and the temperature monitoring device 4 is used for monitoring the temperature in the transition section 2.
Example 3
Example 2 is repeated except that the air directing baffles 302 are louvered structures.
Example 4
Example 3 was repeated except that the system further included an inert dust tank 304. The inert dust tank 304 is arranged outside the transition section 2, and the inert dust tank 304 is connected and communicated with the gas source 303.
Example 5
Example 4 was repeated except that the inert dust tank 304 was an ultrafine calcium carbonate inert dust tank.
Example 6
Example 5 was repeated except that the gas source 303 was nitrogen.
Example 7
As shown in fig. 4, the flue gas treatment system comprises an activated carbon adsorption system with an atmosphere protection structure 3 and an activated carbon desorption tower 5, wherein the activated carbon desorption tower 5 is provided with a heating section 501, an SRG section 502 and a cooling section 503 from top to bottom in sequence according to the trend of activated carbon. The cooling section 503 has a cooling medium inlet 50301 and a cooling medium outlet 50302 on the side wall. The cooling medium outlet 50302 is connected to the gas source 303 through a second gas line L2.
Example 8
Example 7 was repeated, and as shown in fig. 5, the bottom of the activated carbon adsorption tower 1 was provided with a surge bin 6. The transition section 2 is located above the interior of the surge bin 6. The bottom of the surge bin 6 is provided with a blanking rotary valve 601. The blanking rotary valve 601 of the activated carbon adsorption tower 1 is connected with the feed inlet of the activated carbon desorption tower 5 through the first activated carbon conveying device L7. The upstream of the first activated carbon conveying device L7 is provided with a first suction opening 602, and the first suction opening 602 is connected to the raw flue gas inlet 101 of the activated carbon adsorption tower 1 through a first gas pumping device F1.
Example 9
Example 8 was repeated, and as shown in FIG. 5, the discharge port of the activated carbon desorption column 5 was connected to the activated carbon feed port of the activated carbon adsorption column 1 via a second activated carbon transport means L8. A second suction opening 603 is arranged at the downstream of the second activated carbon conveying device L8, and the second suction opening 603 is connected to the raw flue gas inlet 101 of the activated carbon adsorption tower 1 through a second gas suction device F2.
Example 10
Example 9 is repeated, and as shown in fig. 6, an activated carbon feed port 109 is formed in the top of the activated carbon adsorption tower 1, a first double-layer sealing valve unit 110 is disposed at the activated carbon feed port 109, and the first double-layer sealing valve unit 110 is formed by connecting two independent sealing valves in series. The first gas pipe L1 is branched into a branch pipe which is a third gas pipe L3, and the tail end of the third gas pipe L3 is connected between the two sealing valves of the first double-layer sealing valve device 110.
Example 11
Example 10 is repeated, and as shown in fig. 6, the bottom of the activated carbon adsorption tower 1 is provided with an activated carbon discharge port 111. A second double-layer sealing valve device 112 is arranged at the activated carbon discharge port 111, and the second double-layer sealing valve device 112 is formed by connecting two independent sealing valves in series. The other branch of the first air pipe L1 is a fifth air pipe L5, and the tail end of the fifth air pipe L5 is connected between the two sealing valves of the second double-layer sealing valve unit 112.
Example 12
Example 9 is repeated, as shown in fig. 6, except that the second air delivery pipe L2 branches into a fourth air delivery pipe L4, and the tail end of the fourth air delivery pipe L4 is connected between the two sealing valves of the first double-layered sealing valve unit 110.
Example 13
In the example 12, as shown in fig. 7, the second air delivery pipe L2 branches into a sixth air delivery pipe L6, and the tail end of the sixth air delivery pipe L6 is connected between the two sealing valves of the second double-layer sealing valve unit 112.
Example 14
Example 13 was repeated, except that the height of the transition piece 2 was greater than the layer width of the activated carbon layer 103. The temperature monitoring device 4 is provided with a plurality of temperature detection probes.
Example 15
Example 14 was repeated except that an inlet grill plate 107 was provided between the raw flue gas inlet 101 and the activated carbon adsorption tower 1. An outlet grid plate 108 is arranged between the clean flue gas outlet 102 and the activated carbon adsorption tower 1.
Claims (9)
1. A flue gas treatment system comprising an activated carbon adsorption system having an atmosphere protection structure, wherein: the active carbon adsorption system with the atmosphere protection structure comprises an active carbon adsorption tower (1); according to the trend of the flue gas, one side of the activated carbon adsorption tower (1) is provided with a raw flue gas inlet (101), and the other side of the activated carbon adsorption tower is provided with a clean flue gas outlet (102); a plurality of layers of side-by-side activated carbon layers (103) are arranged in the activated carbon adsorption tower (1), and a porous plate (104) is arranged between any two activated carbon layers (103); the bottom of each activated carbon layer (103) is connected with a transition section (2), and a round roller blanking mechanism (105) is arranged at the bottom of the transition section (2); an atmosphere protection structure (3) is arranged on the transition section (2); the atmosphere protection structure (3) comprises a sealing cover (301), an air guide partition plate (302) and an air source (303); the air guide partition plate (302) is arranged on the side wall of the transition section (2), the sealing cover (301) is connected with the transition section (2) and surrounds the air guide partition plate (302), the air source (303) is communicated with the sealing cover (301) through a first air pipe (L1), and the inside of the sealing cover (301) is communicated with the inside of the transition section (2) through the air guide partition plate (302);
the device also comprises an activated carbon desorption tower (5), wherein the activated carbon desorption tower (5) is sequentially provided with a heating section (501), an SRG section (502) and a cooling section (503) from top to bottom according to the trend of the activated carbon; a cooling medium inlet (50301) and a cooling medium outlet (50302) are arranged on the side wall of the cooling section (503); the cooling medium outlet (50302) is connected to the gas source (303) through a second gas pipe (L2);
the system also includes an inert dust tank (304); the inert dust tank (304) is arranged on the outer side of the transition section (2), and the inert dust tank (304) is connected and communicated with the gas source (303); the inert dust tank (304) is one or more of a superfine calcium carbonate inert dust tank, a superfine calcium sulfate inert dust tank and a superfine magnesium carbonate inert dust tank.
2. The flue gas treatment system of claim 1, wherein: the system further comprises a temperature monitoring device (4); a temperature monitoring device (4) is independently arranged on the transition section (2) at the bottom of each activated carbon layer (103), and the temperature monitoring devices (4) are used for monitoring the temperature in the transition sections (2); and/or
The air guide partition plate (302) is of a shutter structure.
3. The flue gas treatment system of claim 1, wherein: a buffer bin (6) is arranged at the bottom of the active carbon adsorption tower (1); the transition section (2) is positioned above the interior of the buffer bin (6); a blanking rotary valve (601) is arranged at the bottom of the buffer bin (6); a blanking rotary valve (601) of the activated carbon adsorption tower (1) is connected with a feed inlet of the activated carbon desorption tower (5) through a first activated carbon conveying device (L7); a first air suction opening (602) is arranged at the upstream of the first activated carbon conveying device (L7), and the first air suction opening (602) is connected to a raw flue gas inlet (101) of the activated carbon adsorption tower (1) through a first air suction device (F1); and/or
The discharge hole of the active carbon desorption tower (5) is connected with the active carbon feed hole of the active carbon adsorption tower (1) through a second active carbon conveying device (L8); and a second air suction opening (603) is formed in the downstream of the second activated carbon conveying device (L8), and the second air suction opening (603) is connected to a raw flue gas inlet (101) of the activated carbon adsorption tower (1) through a second air suction device (F2).
4. A flue gas treatment system according to any of claims 1-3, characterized in that: the top of the activated carbon adsorption tower (1) is provided with an activated carbon feeding hole (109), a first double-layer sealing valve device (110) is arranged at the activated carbon feeding hole (109), and the first double-layer sealing valve device (110) is formed by connecting two independent sealing valves in series; a branch of the first gas pipe (L1) is a third gas pipe (L3), and the tail end of the third gas pipe (L3) is connected between two sealing valves of the first double-layer sealing valve device (110); or the second gas pipe (L2) is divided into a branch to form a fourth gas pipe (L4), and the tail end of the fourth gas pipe (L4) is connected between the two sealing valves of the first double-layer sealing valve device (110); and/or
The bottom of the active carbon adsorption tower (1) is provided with an active carbon discharge hole (111); a second double-layer sealing valve device (112) is arranged at the activated carbon discharge hole (111), and the second double-layer sealing valve device (112) is formed by connecting two independent sealing valves in series; the other branch of the first air delivery pipe (L1) is a fifth air delivery pipe (L5), and the tail end of the fifth air delivery pipe (L5) is connected between two sealing valves of the second double-layer sealing valve device (112); or the other branch of the second air pipe (L2) is divided into a sixth air pipe (L6), and the tail end of the sixth air pipe (L6) is connected between two sealing valves of the second double-layer sealing valve device (112).
5. The flue gas treatment system of claim 2, wherein: the height of the transition section (2) is larger than the layer width of the activated carbon layer (103); the temperature monitoring device (4) is provided with a plurality of temperature detection probes; and/or
An inlet grid plate (107) is arranged between the raw flue gas inlet (101) and the activated carbon adsorption tower (1); an outlet grid plate (108) is arranged between the purified flue gas outlet (102) and the activated carbon adsorption tower (1).
6. A method of treating flue gas using the flue gas treatment system of any one of claims 1 to 5, the method comprising the steps of:
1) Raw flue gas enters the activated carbon adsorption tower (1) from a raw flue gas inlet (101), the raw flue gas is purified through activated carbon adsorption, and purified clean flue gas is discharged from a clean flue gas outlet (102);
2) Fresh activated carbon enters the activated carbon adsorption tower (1) from an activated carbon feed inlet (109) at the top of the activated carbon adsorption tower (1), the activated carbon adsorbs and purifies the entering raw flue gas in the activated carbon layer (103), the activated carbon adsorbing pollutants falls into a transition section (2) at the bottom of the activated carbon layer (103), is finally discharged through a round roller blanking mechanism (105) at the bottom of the transition section (2) and is conveyed to an activated carbon desorption tower (5) for desorption, and is conveyed to the activated carbon adsorption tower (1) after desorption, and the cycle is repeated;
3) Setting the safety critical temperature T of the activated carbon in the transition section (2) on the transition section (2) Is provided with (ii) a The atmosphere protection structure (3) monitors the temperature of the active carbon in the transition section (2) in real time through the temperature monitoring device (4) and records the temperature as T Measuring (ii) a When T is Measuring ＜T Is provided with When the atmosphere protection structure (3) is started, the atmosphere protection structure is started; when T is Side survey ≥T Is provided with When the atmosphere protection structure (3) is started and protective gas is conveyed into the transition section (2) until T Side survey ＜T Is provided with ；
Wherein: the protective gas conveyed to the transition section (2) by the atmosphere protection structure (3) comes from a heat exchange medium discharged from a cooling section (503) of the activated carbon desorption tower (5); the protective gas conveyed to the transition section (2) by the atmosphere protection structure (3) also comprises inert dust; the inert dust is one or more of ultrafine calcium carbonate inert dust, ultrafine calcium sulfate inert dust and ultrafine magnesium carbonate inert dust.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein: the method further comprises the step 4) of conveying the flue gas leaked into the first activated carbon conveying device (L7) to the activated carbon adsorption tower (1) from the first suction opening (602) through the first gas pumping device (F1); the flue gas leaked into the second activated carbon conveying device (L8) is conveyed to the activated carbon adsorption tower (1) from a second air suction opening (603) through a second gas suction device (F2); and/or
The method also comprises the step 5) that the third gas conveying pipe (L3) or the fourth gas conveying pipe (L4) conveys protective gas to the position between two sealing valves of the first double-layer sealing valve device (110) at the position of the active carbon feeding hole (109); and/or the fifth gas pipe (L5) or the sixth gas pipe (L6) conveys protective gas to a position between two sealing valves of a second double-layer sealing valve device (112) at the activated carbon discharge hole (111); and/or
The safety critical temperature T Is provided with Not more than 160 ℃.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein: the safety critical temperature T Is provided with Not more than 155 ℃.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein: the safety critical temperature T Is provided with Not more than 150 ℃.
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| WO2018000857A1 (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2018-01-04 | 中冶长天国际工程有限责任公司 | Flue gas desulfurization and denitrification method and device |
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| US4088460A (en) * | 1975-11-05 | 1978-05-09 | Ceagfilter Und Entstaubungstechnik Gmbh | Purifying an air or gas stream containing combustible vaporous or gaseous impurities |
| WO2018000857A1 (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2018-01-04 | 中冶长天国际工程有限责任公司 | Flue gas desulfurization and denitrification method and device |
| CN109174070A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2019-01-11 | 中冶长天国际工程有限责任公司 | A kind of novel absorbent charcoal Analytic Tower and active carbon analytic method |
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