CN112398712B - CAN and MLVDS dual-bus-based communication board active/standby control method - Google Patents

CAN and MLVDS dual-bus-based communication board active/standby control method Download PDF

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CN112398712B
CN112398712B CN202011053055.0A CN202011053055A CN112398712B CN 112398712 B CN112398712 B CN 112398712B CN 202011053055 A CN202011053055 A CN 202011053055A CN 112398712 B CN112398712 B CN 112398712B
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mcu
state
data
standby
bus
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CN112398712A (en
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夏伟
蒋建金
陈宜航
张立鹏
周宇恒
朱爱鹏
张辉
张薇
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Casco Signal Ltd
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Casco Signal Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/40Bus networks
    • H04L12/40169Flexible bus arrangements
    • H04L12/40176Flexible bus arrangements involving redundancy
    • H04L12/40189Flexible bus arrangements involving redundancy by using a plurality of bus systems
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F13/00Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
    • G06F13/10Program control for peripheral devices
    • G06F13/12Program control for peripheral devices using hardware independent of the central processor, e.g. channel or peripheral processor
    • G06F13/124Program control for peripheral devices using hardware independent of the central processor, e.g. channel or peripheral processor where hardware is a sequential transfer control unit, e.g. microprocessor, peripheral processor or state-machine
    • G06F13/126Program control for peripheral devices using hardware independent of the central processor, e.g. channel or peripheral processor where hardware is a sequential transfer control unit, e.g. microprocessor, peripheral processor or state-machine and has means for transferring I/O instructions and statuses between control unit and main processor
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F13/00Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
    • G06F13/38Information transfer, e.g. on bus
    • G06F13/40Bus structure
    • G06F13/4063Device-to-bus coupling
    • G06F13/4068Electrical coupling
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F15/00Digital computers in general; Data processing equipment in general
    • G06F15/76Architectures of general purpose stored program computers
    • G06F15/78Architectures of general purpose stored program computers comprising a single central processing unit
    • G06F15/7803System on board, i.e. computer system on one or more PCB, e.g. motherboards, daughterboards or blades
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F9/00Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
    • G06F9/06Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
    • G06F9/46Multiprogramming arrangements
    • G06F9/54Interprogram communication
    • G06F9/546Message passing systems or structures, e.g. queues
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/06Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications
    • H04L41/0654Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications using network fault recovery
    • H04L41/0663Performing the actions predefined by failover planning, e.g. switching to standby network elements
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/40Bus networks
    • H04L2012/40208Bus networks characterized by the use of a particular bus standard
    • H04L2012/40215Controller Area Network CAN

Abstract

The invention relates to a communication board card active/standby control method based on CAN and MLVDS double buses, which comprises the following steps: step 1), defining the state of a communication board card; step 2), the MCU-A and the MCU-B emutexchange master and standby state data through an MLVDS bus, and emutexchange CANOpen data with the I/O board card through a CAN bus; step 3), the MCU-A and the MCU-B carry out master-slave state management at the beginning of each communication period; and 4), completely consistent processing flows of the MCU-A and the MCU-B, judging the state of the machine before transmitting CANOpen data to the CAN bus and transmitting acquired I/O board card data to the MLVDS bus, and transmitting the data only when the state of the machine is MASTER, otherwise, not allowing to transmit the data. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of effectively avoiding the condition that the standby machine is mistakenly increased due to the occurrence of packet loss/error code of the single bus, improving the availability of the system and the like.

Description

CAN and MLVDS dual-bus-based communication board active/standby control method
Technical Field
The invention relates to a train control technology, in particular to a communication board card master-slave control method based on CAN and MLVDS double buses.
Background
As the core component of the train control system, the safety computer usually adopts the two-by-two safety architecture, two systems form the hot standby redundant structure, wherein one system is the main system, the other system is the standby system, each system is configured as two logic operation boards (MPUs), when the comparison in the main system is inconsistent or a fault occurs, the logic boards are switched to the standby system to work; the hot standby is composed of two communication boards (MCU-A and MCU-B) and receives data from two systems at the same time; MLVDS bus communication with low power consumption, high speed and high noise immunity is adopted between the logic board and the communication board in the safety computer; and the communication board card and the peripheral I/O board card have longer transmission distance and higher requirements on real-time performance and reliability, and the CAN bus is adopted to realize communication.
According to the characteristics of a CANOpen protocol, an MCU-A/MCU-B serves as a master node, an emutexternal I/O board serves as a slave node, the master node is responsible for sending a synchronous frame and a clock frame to ensure a time sequence, and a PDO serves as driving safety data; security data (CAN _ PDO), management messages (CAN _ NMT) and heartbeat messages (CAN _ HB) collected from the nodes are received simultaneously. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that only one communication board can output the signals to the outside at the same time, otherwise, the bus timing sequence is disordered, and the I/O board card enters a safe state. In the current primary and standby management scheme of the single bus, because the situations of bus packet loss, delay and the like are considered, in order to prevent the situation of double masters from occurring, the standby machine needs to wait for more than 2 cycles to be started up, which may cause the safety data to be lost for a plurality of cycles when the machine is switched off.
Therefore, a set of perfect communication board master-slave management technology needs to be established to ensure that only one communication board can be used as a host at any time; when the host fails and can not output normally, the standby machine can complete the main-increasing operation in the shortest time, and the data is consistent with the host, so that the situations of safety data loss or verification failure and the like caused by the system switching off are avoided. Due to the fact that other faults such as time delay or packet loss may exist in the CAN bus and the MLVDS bus, the dual master condition caused by the fact that the standby computer raises the master by mistake must be prohibited, otherwise, the I/O board enters a safe state to affect the availability of the system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a communication board master/slave control method based on a CAN and MLVDS double bus, which reduces the system reaction time caused by the switching of the communication boards and improves the safety and the usability of a safety computer.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
according to one aspect of the invention, a method for controlling the main and standby communication board cards based on a CAN and MLVDS dual bus is provided, which comprises the following steps:
step 1), defining the state of a communication board card;
step 2), the MCU-A and the MCU-B emutexchange master and standby state data through an MLVDS bus, and emutexchange CANOpen data with the I/O board card through a CAN bus;
step 3), the MCU-A and the MCU-B carry out master-slave state management at the beginning of each communication period;
and 4), completely consistent processing flows of the MCU-A and the MCU-B, judging the state of the machine before transmitting CANOpen data to the CAN bus and transmitting acquired I/O board card data to the MLVDS bus, and transmitting the data only when the state of the machine is MASTER, otherwise, not allowing to transmit the data.
As a preferred technical solution, the step 1) of defining the state of the communication board is specifically to define the state of the communication board as four kinds, which are respectively:
INIT: initializing the state after completion;
MASTER: the host state is used for receiving and outputting the safety data of the MPU in the state and uploading the acquired I/O board card data to the MPU;
STANDBY: the standby state is used for receiving the safety data of the MPU but not outputting the safety data externally, and acquiring the data of the I/O board card but not uploading the data to the MPU;
ERROR: fault state, the state when there is a fault with the native CAN or MLVDS bus.
As a preferred technical solution, the active/standby state data in step 2) includes a state of the local computer in the current cycle, and whether the local computer receives I/O board data.
As a preferred technical scheme, the specific process of the step 2) is as follows:
201) assuming that the processing main cycle of the MPU is 150ms, the main MPU sends a clock frame TS of one packet to the MLVDS for clock synchronization at the beginning of each cycle, and sends safety data SafeData of the present cycle to the MCU through the MLVDS bus in the 120 th ms of the main cycle;
202) setting the communication period of the MCU-A and the MCU-B to be 50ms, and carrying out time sequence synchronization once with the MPU through TS every three periods;
203) the main MCU sends a synchronization frame CAN _ SYNC at the beginning of each communication period, and sends and receives CAN bus messages within 30ms, wherein the CAN bus messages comprise CAN _ PDO, CAN _ NMT and CAN _ HB; the standby MCU only receives CAN _ MSG, monitors the main node CAN _ SYNC and does not output the CAN _ MSG;
204) simultaneously sending master and standby state management messages MCU _ MSM through an MLVDS bus at the moment of 30 ms;
205) the host MCU uploads the acquired I/O board safety Data IO _ Data to the MPU through the MLVDS at the moment of 35 ms;
206) before the next TS, the MCU finishes receiving the security data SafeData of the current period sent by the MPU as CAN _ PDO sent by the next three communication periods.
As a preferred technical solution, the step 3) specifically comprises:
301) initializing a competitive host strategy;
302) upgrading the standby machine into a host machine strategy;
303) the host is reduced to a standby strategy;
304) the host or the standby is lowered to ERROR;
305) ERROR is upgraded to spare machine.
As a preferred technical solution, 301) the initialization contention host policy mainly includes:
and after the initialization of the MCU is finished, the MCU is converted into an INIT state, after waiting for the InitWaitTime, if the message that the opposite machine is MASTER is not received, the state of the local machine is MASTER, otherwise, the state of the local machine is STANDBY, wherein for the InitWaitTime, the MCU-A is 100ms, and the MCU-B is 200 ms.
As a preferred technical solution, the 302) backup upgrade to host policy specifically includes:
the current state of the MCU-A or the MCU-B is STANDBY, a state message that the host is MASTER is not received within 50ms, and the CAN bus does not receive CAN _ SYNC sent by the host, the host is upgraded to MASTER, and if any one of the state messages is received, the host upgrading condition is not met; if the received opposite machine state is ERROR, the local machine is raised to MASTER.
As a preferred technical solution, the strategy of reducing 303) the host to the standby host is specifically as follows:
and if the current state of the MCU-B is MASTER, the state of the MCU-B is reduced to STANDBY when the opposite machine state is MASTER.
As a preferred technical solution, the step 304) of reducing the host or the standby to ERROR specifically includes:
the MCU-A or MCU-B local machine does not receive the data of the I/O board card, but the function of the local machine receives the data, the CAN bus of the local machine is indicated to have a fault, and the state of the local machine is set as ERROR; the MCU-A or MCU-B local machine does not receive the safety data sent by the MPU, but the machine can receive the safety data, the MLVDS bus of the local machine is indicated to be in failure, and the state of the local machine is set to be ERROR.
As a preferred technical scheme, 305) the ERROR rising is specifically as follows:
when the MCU-A or the MCU-B is in the ERROR state, the local computer can receive the safety data sent by the MPU, and can also receive the I/O board card data under the condition that the local computer can receive the I/O board card data, and the state of the local computer is raised to the STANDBY state.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention adopts CAN and MLVDS double buses to manage the master and standby states, effectively avoids the situation that the master of the standby machine is mistakenly increased due to the occurrence of packet loss/error codes of a single bus, and improves the availability of the system;
2. if the main MCU fails, the backup MCU master can be completed in one MPU master period, so that the I/O acquisition data is not lost, and the reaction time of the system is remarkably reduced;
3. the time sequence and the data processed by the main MCU and the standby MCU are completely consistent, and after the main MCU and the standby MCU are switched, the consistency and the integrity of the data can be ensured, so that the condition that safety data are lost or the verification fails due to the switching-off machine is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a state transition diagram of MCU master/slave management according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a timing diagram of the MCU transmitting and receiving messages according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of MCU master/slave management process according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the method for controlling the master/slave communication board card based on the CAN and MLVDS dual buses according to the present invention reduces the system response time caused by the switching of the communication board card, and improves the security and the usability of the security computer, and the specific implementation steps are as follows.
Step 1, simultaneously powering on the MCU-A and the MCU-B to start initialization, assuming that the MCU-A and the MCU-B complete initialization simultaneously and change into INIT, competing to raise a host, setting the state of the host as MASTER when the MCU-A only needs to wait for 100ms, and setting the host as STANDBY when the MCU-B receives the message that the MCU-A is MASTER.
And step 2, at the time of Tick0, sending a synchronous clock frame TS by the MPU as the starting point of the MCU-A processing period, and performing first communication period processing by the MCU-A as the MASTER:
1) the Tick0 carries out MASTER-slave management at the moment, the current machine is MASTER, the opposite machine MCU-B is STANDBY, and the current machine continues to be MASTER;
2) at the moment of Tick0, the CAN _ SYNC bus timing sequence begins to occur to the CAN bus;
3) the CAN bus message (CAN _ MSG) is sent and received within Tick0+30ms, including CAN _ PDO, CAN _ NMT, CAN _ HB and the like. The CAN _ PDO of the sending drive consists of SafeData sent by the MPU in the previous period, the received CAN _ PDO is the acquisition safety data of the I/O board card, and if the bus fails at the moment, the CAN _ PDO cannot be received;
4) at the moment of Tick0+30ms, transmitting a MASTER/slave management message (MCU _ MSM) to the MLVDS, and transmitting the current state (MASTER) of a local machine and whether the local machine receives I/O board card data (FALSE) to an MCU-B;
5) at the moment of Tick0+35ms, sending the safe Data IO _ Data collected by the I/O board card to the MPU through the MLVDS bus (because the CAN _ PDO is not received in the period, the IO _ Data cannot be successfully sent);
and 3, at the time of Tick0, sending a synchronous clock frame TS by the MPU as the starting point of the MCU-B processing period, and carrying out first communication period processing by the MCU-B as a STANDBY:
1) the Tick0 carries out active/STANDBY management at the moment, the current machine is STANDBY, the MCU-A of the opposite machine is MASTER, and the machine continues to be STANDBY;
2) the CAN bus message (CAN _ MSG) is received within the Tick0+30ms, including CAN _ PDO, CAN _ NMT, CAN _ HB and the like;
3) at the moment of Tick0+30ms, transmitting a master/slave management message (MCU _ MSM) to the MLVDS, and transmitting the current State (STANDBY) of the local machine and whether the local machine receives I/O board card data (TRUE) to the MCU-A;
and 4, starting the second communication cycle processing of the MCU at the moment of Tick0+50ms, wherein the MCU-A/MCU-B in the previous cycle cannot receive the acquired I/O board card data because the CAN bus of the MCU-A fails:
1) MCU-A: the method comprises the steps that the Tick0+50ms carries out active-standby management, the current state is MASTER, the fact that data of an I/O board card are not received in the period of a local machine is found, but a machine CAN receive the data, therefore, a CAN bus of the local machine breaks down, and the state of the local machine is set as ERROR; sending the current state (ERROR) of the local machine and whether the local machine receives I/O board card data (FALSE) to the MCU-B in Tick0+80 ms;
2) MCU-B: the Tick0+50ms carries out MASTER-slave management, the current state is STANDBY, and the state of the machine is still STANDBY because the state sent by the MCU-A in the last period is MASTER and CAN _ SYNC is received; sending the current State (STANDBY) of the local machine and whether the local machine receives I/O board card data (FALSE) to the MCU-A in Tick0+80 ms;
and 5, starting the 3 rd MCU communication processing period at the time of Tick0+100 ms:
1) MCU-B: performing active-STANDBY management at the time of Tick0+100ms, wherein the current state is STANDBY, and since the state received from the MCU-A in the previous period is ERROR, setting the state of the host as MASTER, emutexecuting the host processing flow in the step 2, sending CAN _ SYNC, and successfully receiving the CAN _ PDO of the I/O board card; at the time of Tick +130ms, the current state (MASTER) of the local computer and whether the local computer receives I/O board card data (TRUE) or not are sent to the MCU-A; IO _ Data is sent to the MPU at time Tick0+135 ms. Finishing MCU master-slave switching in an MPU processing period to ensure that the MPU can receive the data collected by the I/O board card in the current period;
2) MCU-A: performing active-standby management at the time of Tick0+100ms, wherein the local state is still ERROR because the I/O board data is not received in the previous period; the CAN bus in the period is recovered to be normal and the I/O board card data CAN _ PDO is successfully received; sending the current state (ERROR) of the local machine and whether the local machine receives the I/O board card data (TRUE) to the MCU-B in Tick0+130 ms;
step 6, at time Tick0+150ms, the 2 nd MPU communication processing cycle is started:
1) MCU-A carries on the master spare management at time Tick0+150ms, because the bus of the last cycle returns to normal, raise the native state from ERROR to STANDBY, and carry out the processing procedure of the spare machine in step 3;
2) the MCU-B carries out MASTER and standby management at the moment of Tick0+150ms, the current state of the local machine is MASTER, the state sent by the MCU-A in the previous period is ERROR, the local machine continues to be MASTER, and the host machine processing flow in the step 2 is emutexecuted;
and 7, supposing that the MCU-A currently in the STANDBY does not receive any packet of the MCU _ MSM or the CAN _ SYNC sent by the MCU-B due to the packet loss of the single bus at the time of the tick, the MCU-A continues to be the STANDBY, and the error-rising main operation is not performed.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, the invention is not limited thereto, and various equivalent modifications and substitutions can be easily made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A communication board card active/standby control method based on CAN and MLVDS double buses is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1), defining the state of a communication board card;
step 2), the MCU-A and the MCU-B emutexchange master and standby state data through an MLVDS bus, and emutexchange CANOpen data with the I/O board card through a CAN bus;
step 3), the MCU-A and the MCU-B carry out master-slave state management at the beginning of each communication period;
and 4), completely consistent processing flows of the MCU-A and the MCU-B, judging the state of the machine before transmitting CANOpen data to the CAN bus and transmitting acquired I/O board card data to the MLVDS bus, and transmitting the data only when the state of the machine is MASTER, otherwise, not allowing to transmit the data.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step 1) of defining the states of the communication boards specifically defines the states of the communication boards as four, that is, four states:
INIT: initializing the state after completion;
MASTER: the host state is used for receiving and outputting the safety data of the MPU in the state and uploading the acquired I/O board card data to the MPU;
STANDBY: the standby state is used for receiving the safety data of the MPU but not outputting the safety data externally, and acquiring the data of the I/O board card but not uploading the data to the MPU;
ERROR: fault state, the state when there is a fault with the native CAN or MLVDS bus.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the active/standby state data in step 2) includes a state of a local computer in a current period and whether the local computer receives I/O board data.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of step 2) is as follows:
201) assuming that the processing main cycle of the MPU is 150ms, the main MPU sends a clock frame TS of one packet to the MLVDS for clock synchronization at the beginning of each cycle, and sends safety data SafeData of the present cycle to the MCU through the MLVDS bus in the 120 th ms of the main cycle;
202) setting the communication period of the MCU-A and the MCU-B to be 50ms, and carrying out time sequence synchronization once with the MPU through TS every three periods;
203) the main MCU sends a synchronization frame CAN _ SYNC at the beginning of each communication period, and sends and receives CAN bus messages within 30ms, wherein the CAN bus messages comprise CAN _ PDO, CAN _ NMT and CAN _ HB; the standby MCU only receives CAN _ MSG, monitors the main node CAN _ SYNC and does not output the CAN _ MSG;
204) simultaneously sending master and standby state management messages MCU _ MSM through an MLVDS bus at the moment of 30 ms;
205) the host MCU uploads the acquired I/O board safety Data IO _ Data to the MPU through the MLVDS at the moment of 35 ms;
206) before the next TS, the MCU finishes receiving the security data SafeData of the current period sent by the MPU as CAN _ PDO sent by the next three communication periods.
5. The method according to claim 2, wherein the step 3) specifically includes:
301) initializing a competitive host strategy;
302) upgrading the standby machine into a host machine strategy;
303) the host is reduced to a standby strategy;
304) the host or the standby is lowered to ERROR;
305) ERROR is upgraded to spare machine.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein 301) the main strategy of initializing the competing host specifically comprises:
and after the initialization of the MCU is finished, the MCU is converted into an INIT state, after waiting for the InitWaitTime, if the message that the opposite machine is MASTER is not received, the state of the local machine is MASTER, otherwise, the state of the local machine is STANDBY, wherein for the InitWaitTime, the MCU-A is 100ms, and the MCU-B is 200 ms.
7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the 302) backup upgrading to a host strategy is specifically:
the current state of the MCU-A or the MCU-B is STANDBY, a state message that the host is MASTER is not received within 50ms, and the CAN bus does not receive CAN _ SYNC sent by the host, the host is upgraded to MASTER, and if any one of the state messages is received, the host upgrading condition is not met; if the received opposite machine state is ERROR, the local machine is raised to MASTER.
8. The method according to claim 5, wherein the strategy for reducing 303) the host to the standby host is specifically as follows:
and if the current state of the MCU-B is MASTER, the state of the MCU-B is reduced to STANDBY when the opposite machine state is MASTER.
9. The method according to claim 5, wherein the step 304) of reducing the host or the standby board to ERROR specifically includes:
the MCU-A or MCU-B local machine does not receive the data of the I/O board card, but the function of the local machine receives the data, the CAN bus of the local machine is indicated to have a fault, and the state of the local machine is set as ERROR; the MCU-A or MCU-B local machine does not receive the safety data sent by the MPU, but the machine can receive the safety data, the MLVDS bus of the local machine is indicated to be in failure, and the state of the local machine is set to be ERROR.
10. The method according to claim 5, wherein 305) the ERROR is upgraded to a standby device, specifically:
when the MCU-A or the MCU-B is in the ERROR state, the local computer can receive the safety data sent by the MPU, and can also receive the I/O board card data under the condition that the local computer can receive the I/O board card data, and the state of the local computer is raised to the STANDBY state.
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