CN112393967A - High thermal conductivity isothermal body temperature control irradiation device - Google Patents
High thermal conductivity isothermal body temperature control irradiation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112393967A CN112393967A CN202011391836.0A CN202011391836A CN112393967A CN 112393967 A CN112393967 A CN 112393967A CN 202011391836 A CN202011391836 A CN 202011391836A CN 112393967 A CN112393967 A CN 112393967A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-conductivity isothermal temperature-controlled irradiation device, which comprises: irradiation capsules, pads, isothermal bodies and inert gas layers. The irradiation capsule is an outer layer protection shell of the irradiation device and provides support for each part and a sample to be irradiated, the isothermal body provides temperature compensation for the sample to be measured by utilizing the self nuclear irradiation heating characteristic, so that the sample to be measured is in an even and stable temperature environment, the inert gas layer is arranged in a gap between the inner surface of the irradiation capsule shell and the outer surface of the isothermal body for heat preservation, and the cushion block is arranged between the contact surface of the isothermal body and the irradiation capsule for heat insulation. The irradiation device disclosed by the invention provides a uniform and stable irradiation temperature environment for irradiation examination of nuclear power materials, has a simple and reliable structure and low cost, and provides a support for reliable nuclear power material irradiation tests.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of nuclear power materials, and particularly relates to a high-conductivity isothermal body temperature-control irradiation device.
Background
The energy is a foundation stone for social and economic development, the vigorous development of clean energy has important significance for the harmonious development of human and nature, and nuclear energy has the characteristics of cleanness, safety and high efficiency and becomes an important direction for developing clean energy in all countries. The nuclear power material is a key factor for supporting the development of large advanced pressurized water reactors, high-temperature gas cooled reactors and other nuclear power plants, but the nuclear power material is also one of the bottlenecks which restrict the development of nuclear power technology at present. With the deepening of autonomous work of nuclear power in China, the irradiation influence of nuclear radiation on nuclear power materials needs to be deeply researched.
The irradiation examination test of the nuclear power material is an important link for research and development of the nuclear power material, and the irradiation material performance data obtained through the irradiation test is important data for analyzing and evaluating the irradiation resistance of the nuclear power material and is also a powerful support for establishing an irradiation material performance model and evaluating the safety of a reactor. Research shows that creep, growth and hardening of nuclear power materials in a nuclear radiation environment are not only related to radiation dose of nuclear radiation, but also directly related to reactor radiation temperature, and high temperature can aggravate the problems of creep, growth and hardening and the like of the internal pressure of the materials caused by nuclear radiation. Therefore, the influence of the research temperature of the system on the irradiation performance of the nuclear power material is the key for researching the performance of the nuclear power material, and the research is carried out by firstly providing an irradiation device which can provide reliable and uniform temperature loading for the nuclear power material to be researched.
At present, the devices for providing temperature loading for the irradiation material sample in the reactor mainly comprise the following three devices: the first method is to establish a specific test loop in a reactor, place a material sample to be tested in the test loop, and then heat the nuclear power material to be tested by using fluid with a set temperature in the reactor, but the construction and operation costs of the test loop in the reactor are extremely high, and the irradiation space is limited, so the device is not suitable for most tests; the second is to use an instrumented irradiation device with a heating element, which needs to be arranged in a reactor in a pipeline manner, is extremely inconvenient, and cannot be widely used due to the limitation of reliability factors of devices such as a heater under irradiation conditions; and thirdly, a static irradiation device is used for temperature loading, the static irradiation device is simple in structure and low in use cost, and the static irradiation device is widely applied to nuclear material irradiation examination tests.
The existing static irradiation device is mainly based on the principle that a nuclear power material can generate heat in a nuclear radiation neutron field, an inert gas gap is used as a nuclear material heat-insulating layer, and the temperature of a material sample meets the examination requirement by adjusting the thickness of the inert gas gap or the inert gas component (generally helium or neon), but the method has the following defects: 1) because the neutron absorption cross section and the nuclear heating rate of a nuclear power material irradiation sample are small, the irradiation temperature requirement of some examination test targets is high, and the target irradiation temperature cannot be reached only by the self heating of the material and the inert gas heat insulation layer; 2) for researching the microscopic change processes of creep deformation, growth, hardening and the like of a nuclear power material, the temperature of a nuclear power material sample needs to be controlled to fluctuate within a very small temperature range of about 10 ℃, only an inert gas gap is adopted as a traditional static irradiation device of a heat insulation layer, and due to the fact that the thermal conductivity of the sample is low, the nuclear heating distribution of the sample in the height direction is uneven, the sample is in direct contact with a normal-temperature irradiation tank in the irradiation process, the temperature of the contact part is extremely low, and the temperature difference between different parts of the sample is large due to the factors, and the evaluation of the irradiation performance of the nuclear power material is; 3) the nuclear power material has extremely high sensitivity to the thickness of an air gap, and the irradiation tank of the traditional static irradiation device has the problems of shaking, vibration and the like in the test, so that the position of a nuclear power material sample in the irradiation tank is easy to change, the thickness of a gas insulation layer wrapped around the nuclear power material is inconsistent, and the temperature distribution of the nuclear power material is uneven.
Therefore, an irradiation device is needed, and the irradiation device can provide a reliable and uniform temperature environment for the examination test of nuclear power materials.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a high-conductivity isothermal body temperature-controlled irradiation device, which provides a uniform and stable temperature environment for an irradiation sample through isothermal body heating, and even a nuclear power material with a low heating rate can meet the requirement of high-temperature irradiation.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a high thermal conductivity isothermal body temperature controlled irradiation device, the device comprising: irradiating the capsule, the cushion block, the isothermal body and the inert gas layer; the irradiation capsule comprises a hollow cylindrical shell with an upper opening and a top cover, the cushion block is arranged at the bottom in the irradiation capsule shell, the isothermal body is cylindrical and is arranged in the hollow cavity of the irradiation capsule and above the cushion block, and a plurality of sample slots are formed in the upper surface of the isothermal body; the inert gas layer is positioned in a gap between the inner surface of the irradiation capsule shell and the outer surface of the isothermal body.
Preferably, the irradiation capsule material is any one of pure aluminum, nuclear grade aluminum alloy, stainless steel and nickel-based alloy.
Preferably, the cushion block is made of zirconium oxide, and a round blind hole is formed in the surface, in contact with the bottom of the irradiation capsule, of the cushion block.
Preferably, the material of the isothermal body is any one of copper, aluminum or graphite.
Preferably, a through hole is formed in the center of the isothermal body, and the radius of the through hole is adjustable.
Preferably, the sample slot on the isothermal body is in one or more of a cylindrical shape, an arc sheet shape, a plate shape and a strip shape.
Preferably, the gas in the inert gas layer is: helium, neon, argon and nitrogen.
Preferably, the pressure of the inert gas layer is 1.0 × 10-5pa～10Mpa。
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention discloses a high-conductivity isothermal body temperature-control irradiation device, which utilizes an isothermal body to control temperature, the isothermal body can automatically generate heat after nuclear irradiation in a reactor, the isothermal body transfers energy for a nuclear power material sample wrapped by the isothermal body, the temperature of a nuclear power material is improved, and the defect that the nuclear power material sample cannot be subjected to high-temperature irradiation examination due to insufficient self-heating rate is overcome; secondly, the isothermal body has the characteristic of high thermal conductivity, and the temperature of the nuclear power material sample can be uniformly distributed by heat transfer of the isothermal body. The irradiation device is provided with the zirconia cushion block with extremely low thermal conductivity, the cushion block achieves the effect of heat insulation between the irradiation capsule and the isothermal body, the problem that the temperature of the direct contact surface of the nuclear power material sample and the irradiation capsule is too low due to heat conduction is avoided, and in addition, inert gas is filled between the isothermal body and the irradiation capsule, so that the effect of heat preservation is further achieved.
Therefore, the isothermal body temperature control irradiation device with the conductivity provides a uniform and stable irradiation temperature environment for nuclear power material irradiation examination, different test temperature requirements can be met by adjusting the size of the central through hole of the isothermal body, the isothermal body temperature control irradiation device has universality, a pipeline does not need to be led out in a reactor, a test loop system does not need to be specially built, the structure is simple and reliable, the cost is low, and support is provided for reliable nuclear power material irradiation test.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the structure of a high-conductivity isothermal temperature-controlled irradiation unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the structure of a high-conductivity isothermal temperature-controlled irradiation device according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a high-conductivity isothermal temperature-controlled irradiation unit of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. irradiation capsule 2, cushion block 3, isothermal body 4, inert gas layer 31 and sample slot.
Detailed Description
It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the embodiments described herein are intended to assist the reader in understanding the principles of the invention and are to be construed as being without limitation to such specifically recited embodiments and examples. Those skilled in the art can make various other specific changes and combinations based on the teachings of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these changes and combinations are within the scope of the invention.
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
A high-conductivity isothermal body temperature controlled irradiation device as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, the device comprising: the irradiation capsule 1, the cushion block 2, the isothermal body 3 and the inert gas layer 4; the irradiation capsule 1 comprises a hollow cylindrical shell with an upper opening and a top cover, the cushion block 2 is arranged at the bottom in the shell of the irradiation capsule 1, the isothermal body 3 is cylindrical and is arranged in the hollow cavity of the irradiation capsule 1 and above the cushion block 2, and a plurality of sample slots 31 are formed in the upper surface of the isothermal body 3; the inert gas layer 4 is located in the gap between the inner surface of the shell of the irradiation capsule 1 and the outer surface of the isothermal body 3.
The irradiation capsule 1 is made of any one of pure aluminum, nuclear-grade aluminum alloy, stainless steel and nickel-based alloy.
The cushion block 2 is made of zirconia, and a round blind hole is formed in the surface, in contact with the bottom of the irradiation capsule 1, of the cushion block 2. The zirconia material thermal conductivity of the cushion block is low, the cushion block is placed between the isothermal body and the irradiation capsule to play a role in heat insulation, and the round blind holes are formed in the cushion block to reduce the contact area between the zirconia material and the bottom of the irradiation capsule and further prevent heat loss.
The isothermal body 3 is made of any one of copper, aluminum or graphite, a through hole is formed in the center of the isothermal body 3, the radius of the through hole is adjustable, the radius of the through hole can be calculated and adjusted according to the temperature requirement in a specific test, if the temperature is low, the radius of the through hole is large, and if the temperature required by the test is high, the radius of the through hole is small. The shape of the sample slot 31 on the isothermal body 3 is one or more of a cylinder, an arc sheet, a plate and a strip, and a proper slot is selected for placement according to the shape of the nuclear power material sample to be tested.
The gas in the inert gas layer 4 is: one or more of helium, neon, argon and nitrogen, with pressure of 1.0 × 10-5pa～10Mpa。
Example 1
In this example, the samples to be irradiated are respectively 2 1/4 circular arc-shaped thin zirconium alloy cladding and 2 zirconium alloy plates, and the irradiation temperature required for the test is 350 ℃. The thickness of the side wall of the irradiation capsule is 1.5mm, the thickness of the bottom of the irradiation capsule is 5mm, the thickness of the top cover is 10mm, the inner diameter of the irradiation capsule is 36mm, the outer diameter of the irradiation capsule is 39mm, the top cover and the side wall of the irradiation capsule are welded and sealed, and the irradiation capsule is processed by adopting a nuclear grade 6061 aluminum material. A pure copper circular isothermal body with the outer diameter of 33.4mm and the inner diameter of 21mm is placed in the irradiation capsule, and the heating value of the pure copper isothermal body is adjusted by adjusting the size of the outer diameter of the isothermal body, so that the sample reaches the target irradiation temperature. The lower end of the pure copper circular isothermal body is padded with a zirconia ceramic material cushion block with the total height of 5mm, a blind hole with the thickness of 3mm is hollowed on the surface of the cushion block, which is in contact with the bottom of the irradiation capsule, so that the contact heat exchange area between the cushion block and the bottom of the irradiation capsule is reduced, the heat conduction is reduced, and the heat conductivity of the zirconia ceramic material is low to prevent the irradiation sample and the isothermal body heat from being transferred to the bottom of the irradiation box. The shape of the circular arc sheet and the plate is processed on the pure copper isothermal body, so that a gas gap of 0.5mm is still left after the sample is inserted into the isothermal body, and the sample can be taken out after being irradiated. A gas gap of 1.3mm is reserved between the pure copper isothermal body and the inner wall of the irradiation capsule, helium is filled into the irradiation capsule for heat preservation, and the sample and the pure copper isothermal body are prevented from being oxidized.
Claims (8)
1. A high thermal conductivity isothermal temperature controlled irradiation device, said device comprising: the device comprises an irradiation capsule (1), a cushion block (2), an isothermal body (3) and an inert gas layer (4); the irradiation capsule (1) comprises a hollow cylindrical shell with an upper opening and a top cover, the cushion block (2) is arranged at the bottom in the shell of the irradiation capsule (1), the isothermal body (3) is cylindrical and is arranged in the hollow cavity of the irradiation capsule (1) and is arranged above the cushion block (2), and a plurality of sample slots (31) are formed in the upper surface of the isothermal body (3); the inert gas layer (4) is positioned in a gap between the inner surface of the shell of the irradiation capsule (1) and the outer surface of the isothermal body (3).
2. The high thermal conductivity isothermal body temperature controlled irradiation device according to claim 1, wherein the irradiation capsule (1) material is any one of pure aluminum, nuclear grade aluminum alloy, stainless steel and nickel base alloy.
3. The high-thermal-conductivity isothermal body temperature-controlled irradiation device according to claim 1, wherein the material of the cushion block (2) is zirconia, and a circular blind hole is formed on the surface of the cushion block (2) contacting with the bottom of the irradiation capsule (1).
4. The high thermal conductivity isothermal body temperature controlled irradiation device according to claim 1, wherein the material of the isothermal body (3) is any one of copper, aluminum or graphite.
5. The high thermal conductivity isothermal body temperature-controlled irradiation device according to claim 4, wherein a through hole is formed in the center of the isothermal body (3), and the radius of the through hole is adjustable.
6. The high thermal conductivity isothermal body temperature-controlled irradiation device according to claim 5, wherein the shape of the sample slot (31) on the isothermal body (3) is one or more of cylindrical, arc-shaped sheet, plate and strip.
7. The HTC isothermal temperature controlled irradiation device according to claim 1, wherein the gas in said inert gas layer (4) is: helium, neon, argon and nitrogen.
8. The HTC isothermal temperature controlled irradiation device according to claim 1, wherein said inert gas layer (4) has a pressure of 1.0 x 10-5pa～10Mpa。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011391836.0A CN112393967A (en) | 2020-12-02 | 2020-12-02 | High thermal conductivity isothermal body temperature control irradiation device |
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| CN202011391836.0A CN112393967A (en) | 2020-12-02 | 2020-12-02 | High thermal conductivity isothermal body temperature control irradiation device |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112432968A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2021-03-02 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Preparation method of irradiated reactor structure material thermal conductivity test sample and test sample box |
| CN113936826A (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2022-01-14 | 中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所 | High-power fuel rod temperature control irradiation device |
-
2020
- 2020-12-02 CN CN202011391836.0A patent/CN112393967A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112432968A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2021-03-02 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Preparation method of irradiated reactor structure material thermal conductivity test sample and test sample box |
| CN113936826A (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2022-01-14 | 中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所 | High-power fuel rod temperature control irradiation device |
| CN113936826B (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2023-05-05 | 中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所 | High-power fuel rod temperature control irradiation device |
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