CN114965563A - Pool boiling experimental device for testing high heat flow density material plate fuel element - Google Patents
Pool boiling experimental device for testing high heat flow density material plate fuel element Download PDFInfo
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- CN114965563A CN114965563A CN202210509493.6A CN202210509493A CN114965563A CN 114965563 A CN114965563 A CN 114965563A CN 202210509493 A CN202210509493 A CN 202210509493A CN 114965563 A CN114965563 A CN 114965563A
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G01N25/02—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating changes of state or changes of phase; by investigating sintering
- G01N25/12—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating changes of state or changes of phase; by investigating sintering of critical point; of other phase change
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention provides a pool boiling experimental device for testing a high heat flow density material plate-shaped fuel element, and relates to the technical field of material testing. The pool boiling experimental device for testing the high heat flow density material plate-shaped fuel element comprises a heat transfer element and a heating element, wherein at least most of the surface area of the heating element is in contact with the heat transfer element and is used for transferring heat to the heat transfer element. In addition, the pool boiling experimental device for testing the plate-shaped fuel element made of the high heat flow density material can transfer at least most of heat to the heat transfer element, and the heat is transferred to the material to be tested through the heat transfer element, so that the heat loss can be obviously reduced, and the energy utilization rate is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of material testing, in particular to a pool boiling experimental device for testing a plate-shaped fuel element made of a high-heat-flow-density material.
Background
The heat transfer by boiling in the pool is an efficient phase-change heat transfer technology, and plays an important role in the industrial, military, aerospace and chemical fields of power generation, seawater desalination, metallurgy, electronic device cooling, high-power laser heat management, food processing and the likeThe function of (1). A large number of theoretical and experimental researches show that the surface modification treatment of the conventional material can obviously improve the boiling heat transfer performance and the heat exchange efficiency in the pool and greatly increase the Heat Transfer Coefficient (HTC) and the critical heat flux density (CHF). CHF of a conventional heat transfer surface under pool boiling conditions is about 100W cm -2 And CHF of the surface-modified material under boiling conditions in the bath can exceed 200W-cm -2 . Therefore, in order to better explore the influence of surface modification on the heat exchange performance of the material, firstly, a boiling heat transfer experimental device in a high heat flux density pool suitable for the material subjected to surface modification needs to be built, wherein the most important thing is that a heating device capable of generating high heat flux density is capable of being conveniently researched, and the critical heat flux density values and the formation mechanisms of the critical heat flux of different surface modification modes are convenient to research.
The existing heating devices on the market are mainly heating rods, heating films, ceramic heating sheets and the like, and the maximum value of the heat flux density is generally 50W-cm -2 The heat flux density of very few heating devices can exceed 100W cm -2 And the experimental requirements of boiling heat transfer in the material pool after surface modification cannot be directly met.
CN209132185U (publication date 2019, 7 months and 19 days) discloses a micro-nano structure surface pool internal boiling heat transfer experimental device with high heat flux density, which mainly comprises: the device comprises a heating device, a heat insulation cavity, an observation cavity, a sample to be measured, a high-speed camera, a temperature measuring device and a computer; the high heat flux density heating device is used for generating high heat flux density and comprises a heater and a heat conducting element, the heat insulation cavity is covered outside the high heat flux density heating device and used for isolating heat exchange between the high heat flux density heating device and the outside, and a through hole for extending the heat conducting element is formed in the heat insulation cavity; the observation cavity is arranged above the heat insulation cavity, is hermetically connected with the heat insulation cavity, contains liquid working medium and conducts boiling heat transfer in the pool; the sample to be tested is placed in the observation cavity and is immersed below the liquid level of the liquid working medium, and the back surface of the sample to be tested is connected with the part of the heat conducting element extending out of the heat insulation cavity; the temperature measuring device is used for monitoring the temperature distribution on the heat conducting element.
The technology can provide higher heat flow density, thereby meeting the experimental requirements of phase change heat transfer of various micro-nano scales. But has some defects in the heating-heat transfer structure, the waterproof sealing design and the temperature measuring device.
In the heating-heat transfer structure, the prior art adopts a sheet heater which is attached to the outer surface of a heat source connecting section to serve as a heating element, so that the actual heating area is increased, but only one surface of the sheet heater is connected with the heat source connecting section, and the other surface of the sheet heater is connected with a heat insulating layer, so that the design can not fully utilize the large surface of the sheet heater to transfer heat, namely the actual heat transfer efficiency is lower. On the other hand, in addition, the area ratio of the contact surface between the heat source connecting section and the heat transfer section is too large, so that the heat of the heat source connecting section cannot be transferred into the copper block of the heat transfer section effectively and quickly.
In the waterproof sealing design part, the prior art adopts the mode that seal assembly combines with the gland to prevent that liquid working medium from leaking to the device inside through the gap between heat conduction component and the heat insulation cavity, influencing temperature measuring device measuring result and even destroying inside components and parts. Because the heat transfer section stretches out of the heat insulation cavity in the design, the heat in the heat transfer section can be transferred to the sample to be tested, and a part of the heat can be directly leaked to the liquid working medium through the contact surface of the heat transfer section and the gland, so that the heat transfer efficiency of the device is reduced.
In the field of temperature measuring devices, in the prior art, a plurality of thermocouples are longitudinally arranged on a heat transfer section for monitoring the temperature of the heat transfer section, and the measured temperatures of the thermocouples are used for calculating the surface temperature of a sample to be measured when needed. However, since the thermocouples are only longitudinally distributed and each thermocouple can only measure the temperature of one point in the cross section, the result calculated by using the thermocouples cannot truly reflect the surface temperature of the sample. Furthermore, the thermocouple arrangement is located too far from the sample, which may also result in less accurate temperature results.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a pool boiling experimental device for testing a plate-shaped fuel element made of a high heat flow density material, which aims to solve the technical problem of low heat transfer efficiency in the prior art.
The pool boiling experimental device for testing the plate-shaped fuel element made of the high heat flow density material comprises a heat transfer element and a heating element, wherein at least most of the surface area of the heating element is in contact with the heat transfer element and is used for transferring heat to the heat transfer element.
The pool boiling experimental device for testing the high heat flow density material plate-shaped fuel element provided by the invention can produce the following beneficial effects:
according to the pool boiling experimental device for testing the high heat flow density material plate-shaped fuel element, as the heating element conducts heat outwards, most of the surface area of the heating element is contacted with the heat transfer element inevitably, at least most of heat can be transferred to the heat transfer element, and the heat is transferred to the material to be tested through the heat transfer element, so that heat loss can be reduced obviously, and the energy utilization rate is improved.
In a preferred embodiment, the heat transfer element has a recess, in which at least part of the heating element is inserted and adapted to the recess.
Through setting up the depressed part at heat transfer member, with the at least local embedding depressed part of heating member and with the depressed part adaptation, can compare in directly set up heating member in heat transfer member surface, the heating member can only have half the surface area and the scheme of heat transfer member contact, can obviously increase the surface area of heating member and heat transfer member contact, and then improve the efficiency of supplying heat to the heat transfer member to satisfy the requirement of the interior boiling experiment of high heat flow density material to heat density.
In a preferred technical scheme, the heating member is the heating rod, the heating rod has external screw thread portion, the depressed part includes the counter bore, the heating rod has heat transfer surface, the depressed part includes the counter bore, heat transfer surface with the internal surface adaptation of counter bore.
The counter bore is used as a depressed part to accommodate the heating rod, almost all the surface area of the heating rod is used for transferring heat to the heat transfer element, and the outward heat dissipation of the heating rod is reduced to the lowest, so that the heat transfer speed of the heat transfer element is improved, and the heat supply requirement of a high heat flow density material is met. In addition, the way of arranging the counter bore in the heat transfer element and the way of utilizing the internal volume of the heat transfer element ensures that the heating area of the heat transfer element is not limited by the surface area of the heat transfer element any more, so the heating area of the heat transfer element can be greatly increased, and further the heat density which can be transferred by the heat transfer element is increased, thereby further improving the heat supply capacity to the material with high heat flow density.
In a preferred embodiment, the heat transfer member includes an accommodating portion and a heat transfer portion that are integrally formed and sequentially disposed, the heating member is installed in the accommodating portion, and a cross-sectional size of an upper portion of the accommodating portion gradually decreases from a lower portion of the accommodating portion to the heat transfer portion.
The heat transfer element is arranged in such a way that the upper part of the accommodating part is gradually reduced from the lower part of the accommodating part to the heat transfer part, so that the surface area of the middle section of the heat transfer element can be reduced, the direct outward heat dissipation of heat on a transfer path can be reduced, the problem of local heat accumulation in the heat transfer element can be reduced, the loss of heat at the local accumulation part can be reduced, and the heat transfer speed can be improved.
In a preferred embodiment, one end of the heat transfer portion adjacent to the accommodating portion has the same cross-sectional dimension and overlaps with one end of the accommodating portion adjacent to the heat transfer portion.
The adjacent two ends of the second heat transfer part and the accommodating part are set to be the same in cross section size, so that sudden change of the cross section area can not be generated at the position where the heat transfer part is adjacent to the accommodating part in the heat transfer process, and the heat concentration effect in the heat transfer process is reduced.
In a preferred technical scheme, the heat transfer device further comprises a temperature measuring device, wherein the temperature measuring device comprises a plurality of temperature measuring devices, the plurality of temperature measuring devices are located in the heat transfer portion and are arranged in rows along the cross section of the heat transfer portion, and the plurality of rows of temperature measuring devices are distributed along the height direction of the heat transfer portion.
The temperature measuring devices are arranged along the cross section of the heat transfer part, so that the temperature distribution of the surface of the sample on the cross section of the heat transfer part can be acquired, the average temperature is calculated and then used for subsequent calculation to obtain a more accurate result, and the position of the temperature measuring device on the uppermost layer can be as close to the sample to be measured as possible, so that on one hand, the experimental error caused by the heat loss of one end of the heat transfer part adjacent to the sample to be measured during heat transfer can be reduced, on the other hand, the measured temperature is closer to the real temperature of the surface of the sample to be measured due to the fact that the temperature measuring device is closer to the surface of the sample, and therefore when the experiment of measuring the critical heat flow density of the sample is carried out, the time point of the critical heat flow density can be judged more accurately.
In the preferred technical scheme, the test device further comprises a heat insulation piece and a gland, wherein the heat insulation piece is sleeved on the outer sides of the heat transfer piece and the heating piece, the gland is fixedly connected with the heat insulation piece, and the gland is used for compressing the sealing assembly and the test sample to be tested.
The sealing assembly and the sample to be tested are compressed through the gland arranged on the heat insulation piece, so that the sealing assembly can be compressed more tightly, and the waterproof effect is enhanced; on the other hand, the device can also generate larger pressure on the sample to be detected, thereby reducing the thermal contact resistance between the sample to be detected and the heat transfer element and enhancing the heat transfer efficiency.
In a preferred technical scheme, the sealing assembly comprises a first sealing ring and a second sealing ring, and the first sealing ring is positioned on the radial outer side of the second sealing ring; the lower surface of the gland is provided with a downward convex annular flange, the annular flange is positioned on the inner side edge of the gland, and the annular flange is used for compressing the second sealing ring on the upper surface of the sample to be tested.
Through setting up the first sealing washer in the outside and being compressed tightly by the gland, can prevent that the water in the water tank from leaking between water tank and the heat insulating part, through setting up the second sealing washer and being compressed tightly by the gland, then can prevent that the water in the water tank from leaking between gland, the sample that awaits measuring and heat transfer member, the heat insulating part. Moreover, because the upper surface of the second sealing ring is flush in a natural state, the annular flange which is convex downwards is arranged on the inner side edge of the lower surface of the gland, and the annular flange can improve the compaction degree of the part with smaller radius of the second sealing ring, so that the part of the second sealing ring is more compacted than the rest part, and the sealing effect is improved.
In a preferred technical scheme, the heat insulation device further comprises a stirring device and a water tank, wherein the water tank is fixedly connected with the heat insulation piece, the stirring device is installed on the water tank, the stirring device comprises a pneumatic motor and a stirring piece driven by the pneumatic motor, and the stirring piece is located in the water tank and used for extending into the position below the liquid level; and/or, an observation window is arranged on the side wall of the water tank, and an organic glass plate is arranged at the observation window.
Through setting up agitating unit, can the liquid in the water tank can the even intensification, can also increase substantially the speed of heating working medium to the target temperature. The water tank with the organic glass plate covering the observation window is used as an observation cavity, so that the deformation of the cavity caused by overlong heating time can be weakened.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a simplified structural diagram of a pool boiling experimental apparatus for testing a plate-shaped fuel element made of a high heat flux density material according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the pool boiling experimental apparatus for testing plate-shaped fuel elements made of high heat flux density material;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the pool boiling experimental apparatus for testing a plate-shaped fuel element made of a high heat flux density material shown in fig. 1, with one side wall of the water tank omitted.
Description of reference numerals:
10-a heating element; 20-a heat transfer element; 30-a thermal insulation; 40-a water tank; 70-a sample to be tested; 80-auxiliary heating rod.
21-a housing; 22-a heat transfer portion; 41-organic glass plate; 51-a gland; 511-annular flange; 52-bolts; 53-first sealing ring; 54-a second seal ring; 61-a pneumatic motor; 62-a stirring shaft; 63-stirring member; 91-temperature detector.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Fig. 1 is a simplified structural diagram of a pool boiling experimental apparatus for testing a plate-shaped fuel element made of a high heat flux density material according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein a top cover and a side wall of a water tank and a stirring device are omitted from fig. 1; fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the pool boiling experimental apparatus for testing the plate-shaped fuel element of the high heat flux density material, and fig. 2 also does not show the stirring apparatus.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment provides a pool boiling experimental apparatus for testing a plate-shaped fuel element of a high heat flux density material, comprising a heat transfer member 20 and a heating member 10, at least most of the surface area of the heating member 10 being in contact with the heat transfer member 20 and serving to transfer heat to the heat transfer member 20.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the heat transfer member 20 may be made of red copper. And the contact surfaces of the heating element 10 and the heat transfer element 20 are uniformly coated with heat conductive silicone grease to reduce contact resistance. In another implementation, the heat-conducting silicone grease used for the contact surface can also be replaced by high-purity silver colloid and heat-conducting silicone gel.
The pool boiling experimental device for testing the plate-shaped fuel element made of the high heat flow density material provided by the embodiment can transfer at least most of heat to the heat transfer element 20 because the heating element 10 transfers heat outwards and also inevitably contacts most of the surface area of the heating element 10 with the heat transfer element 20, and the heat is transferred to the material to be tested through the heat transfer element 20, so that the heat loss can be obviously reduced, and the energy utilization rate is improved.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, it is preferable that the heat transfer member 20 has a recess portion in which at least a part of the heating member 10 is embedded and fitted.
The heat transfer element 20 is provided with the concave part, at least part of the heating element 10 is embedded into the concave part and matched with the concave part, and the connection mode of the heating element 10 and the heat transfer element 20 is changed from external to internal, so that compared with the scheme that the heating element 10 is directly arranged on the surface of the heat transfer element 20 and only approximately half of the surface area of the heating element 10 is contacted with the heat transfer element 20, the contact surface area of the heating element 10 and the heat transfer element 20 can be obviously increased, the heat supply efficiency of the heat transfer element 20 is improved, and the requirement of a pool boiling experiment of a high heat flow density material on heat density is met.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, preferably, the heating element 10 is a heating rod, the depression includes a counterbore, the heating rod has a heat transfer surface, and the depression includes a counterbore, the heat transfer surface being fitted to an inner surface of the counterbore.
Specifically, a counterbore is provided in the lower portion of the heat transfer member 20 extending from the lower surface of the heat transfer member 20 toward the interior of the heat transfer member 20. A plurality of counter bores may be arranged in a matrix on the lower surface of the heat transfer member 20, or six adjacent counter bores may be uniformly arranged around each counter bore except for the counter bores at the edges of the distribution region. And the heat transfer surface of the heating rod, located in the upper and middle portions thereof, may also comprise a portion of the lower portion. The lead of the heating rod can extend out of the outer end of the counter bore.
The counter bores are used as the sunken parts to accommodate the heating rods, almost all the surface area of the heating rods can be used for transferring heat to the heat transfer element 20, the external heat dissipation of the heating rods is reduced to the minimum, the external surfaces of the heating rods are fully utilized, and the maximization of the heat transfer area is realized. Thereby increasing the heat transfer rate of the heat transfer member 20 and satisfying the heat supply requirement of the material with high heat flux density. In addition, the way of setting the counter bore in the heat transfer element 20 and the way of using the inner volume of the heat transfer element 20, make the heating area of the heat transfer element 20 not limited by the surface area of the heat transfer element 20 any more, so can greatly increase the heating area of the heat transfer element 20, and then increase the heat density that the heat transfer element 20 can transmit, in order to further improve the heat supply capacity to the high heat flow density material.
In another implementation, the heating member 10 may be replaced with a sheet-type heating plate, and accordingly, a plurality of parallel or non-parallel grooves may be formed in a lower portion of the heat transfer member 20, and the sheet-type heating plate is inserted into the grooves such that the sheet-type heating plate is engaged with the inner surfaces of the grooves and transfers heat to the heat transfer member 20. Wherein, the scheme of adopting a plurality of parallel grooves can ensure that each sheet heating plate heats the plate-shaped solid parts of the heat transfer elements 20 at two sides of the sheet heating plate; accordingly, each plate-like solid portion, except for the solid portions of the heat transfer member 20 located at the back of the grooves at both edges, can also receive the sheet-type heating panels at both sides thereof to transfer heat thereto. Specifically, such a groove may or may not extend through the heating element 10 in the lateral direction in the drawing. The case where the heating member 10 is not penetrated is advantageous in that the side of the sheet heating panel is also utilized to transfer heat to the heat transfer member 20. In the case of the penetrating heating member 10, although the heat transfer to the heating member 20 cannot be performed by using the side of the sheet heating panel, the difficulty of processing can be reduced, which is advantageous for reducing the manufacturing cost.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, preferably, the heat transfer member 20 includes an accommodating portion 21 and a heat transfer portion 22 formed integrally and arranged in sequence, the heating member 10 is mounted in the accommodating portion 21, and the sectional size of the upper portion of the accommodating portion 21 is gradually reduced from the lower portion of the accommodating portion 21 to the heat transfer portion 22.
The accommodating portion 21 is a solid portion, and does not refer to a cavity, a hole, a groove, or other geometric elements without a solid volume. But is referred to as a receiving portion 21 because it receives the heating member 10. Specifically, the lower portion of the accommodating portion 21 and the heat transfer portion 22 in the present embodiment may have a cylindrical shape, and the upper portion of the accommodating portion may have a truncated cone shape. The heat transfer portion 22 is located at the tip of the truncated cone, i.e., the end with the smaller lateral dimension.
In another implementation, if the sample 70 to be measured is square, the heat transfer portion 22 may be a quadrangular prism, and accordingly, the outer shape of the housing portion 21 is also a quadrangular prism, and the outer shape of the upper portion of the housing portion 21 is a quadrangular frustum.
In addition, the accommodating portion 21 and the heat transfer portion 22 in the present embodiment may be integrally connected. That is, the two parts are machined from the same piece of material and are not separately machined and then joined together, such as by welding. By adopting the mode of integrally connecting the two, the thermal contact resistance formed on the connecting surface by connecting multiple sections of materials can be reduced, the heat exchange links are reduced, and the heat transfer efficiency is improved.
By arranging the heat transfer element 20 such that the upper portion of the accommodating portion 21 is gradually reduced from the lower portion of the accommodating portion 21 to the heat transfer portion 22, not only the surface area of the middle section of the heat transfer element 20 can be reduced and the direct heat dissipation of heat to the outside on the transfer path can be reduced, but also the problem of local heat accumulation in the heat transfer element 20 can be reduced, the loss of heat at the local accumulation can be reduced, and the heat transfer rate can be increased. Also, the upper portion of the receiving portion 21 may fix the heat transfer member 20, preventing the heat transfer member 20 from sliding up and down due to an external force.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, one end of the heat transfer portion 22 adjacent to the housing portion 21 and one end of the housing portion 21 adjacent to the heat transfer portion 22 preferably have the same cross-sectional dimensions and overlap each other.
That is, the cylindrical lower end surface of the heat transfer portion 22 is overlapped with the truncated cone-shaped upper end surface of the housing portion in a size and a shape.
In the prior art, the heat source connecting section is a quadrangular prism with a large size, and the purpose is to attach a heating sheet with a large size, and the heat transfer section is a cylinder with a small size, so that heat can be concentrated to four corners of the upper end surface of the heat source connecting section in the heat transfer process, the heat is more easily transferred from the four corners of the upper end surface to the outside of the upper end surface, partial heat is lost, the heat transfer speed is reduced, and the requirement on the heat transfer speed of the sample 70 to be tested is not easily met. In the embodiment, the adjacent two ends of the heat transfer part 22 and the accommodating part 21 are set to have the same cross-sectional dimension, so that the sudden change of the cross-sectional area can not be generated at the position where the heat transfer part 22 is adjacent to the accommodating part 21 in the heat transfer process, and the heat concentration effect in the heat transfer process is reduced.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2; as shown in fig. 3, it is preferable that the temperature measuring device further includes a plurality of temperature detectors 91, the plurality of temperature detectors 91 are located in the heat transfer portion 22, the plurality of temperature detectors 91 are arranged in a row along the cross section of the heat transfer portion 22, and the plurality of rows of temperature detectors 91 are distributed along the height direction of the heat transfer portion 22.
Among these, the highest one of the rows of the multi-row temperature detectors 91 is located at the top end of the heat transfer portion 22 for abutting the sample 79 to be measured. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the one-line thermometers 91 include three thermometers 91 arranged side by side, and the three lines of thermometers 91 are arranged in sequence from the top of the heat transfer portion 22 to the bottom, wherein the thermometers may be thermocouple thermometers.
The temperature detectors 91 are arranged along the cross section of the heat transfer part 22, so that the temperature distribution of the surface of the sample on the cross section of the heat transfer part 22 can be obtained, the average temperature is calculated and then used for subsequent calculation to obtain a more accurate result, and the position of the temperature detector on the uppermost layer can be as close as possible to the sample 70 to be measured, so that on one hand, the experimental error caused by heat loss of one end of the heat transfer part 22 adjacent to the sample 70 to be measured during heat transfer can be reduced, and on the other hand, because the temperature measuring device is closer to the surface of the sample, the measured temperature is closer to the real temperature of the surface of the sample 70 to be measured, and therefore, when the experiment for measuring the critical heat flow density of the sample is performed, the time point of the occurrence of the critical heat flow density can be more accurately judged.
As shown in fig. 1-3, it is preferable that the testing device further includes a heat insulating member 30 and a pressing cover 51, the heat insulating member 30 is sleeved outside the heat transferring member 20 and the heating member 10, the pressing cover 51 is fixedly connected to the heat insulating member 30, and the pressing cover 51 is used for pressing the sealing assembly and the test sample 70 to be tested.
The heat insulating material 30 covers the entire surface of the heat transfer member 20 except the upper surface of the heat transfer portion 22, and the heat insulating material 30 may be made of a heat insulating material, specifically, polytetrafluoroethylene, silicate, glass fiber, asbestos, rock wool, or the like. The bottom of the heat insulating member 30 is provided with a through hole through which the lead wire of the heating rod extends, and the through hole is only required to accommodate the lead wire of the heating rod to pass in order to minimize the heat transfer to the outside. From the viewpoint of convenience of assembly, the heat insulating member 30 may be divided into a portion for wrapping the side surface of the heat transfer member 20 and a portion for wrapping the bottom surface of the heat transfer member 20, which are fixedly coupled. In the assembly, after the heating rod is completely installed in the heat transfer member 20, the bottom of the heat insulating member 30 is connected to the side wall portion of the heat insulating member 30.
Specifically, the shape of the gland 51 may be a circular ring, the inner diameter of the circular ring is larger than the outer diameter of the sample 70 to be measured, and the outer diameter of the circular ring is larger than the outer diameter of the sealing assembly. The gland 51 is fixed to the top of the heat insulating member 30 by bolts 52, and the gland 51 and the bolts 52 may be made of stainless steel. After the gland 51 is fixedly connected to the heat insulating member 30, not only the sealing assembly but also the sample 70 to be tested can be pressed against the top end of the heat transfer member 20. In addition, heat conductive silicone grease may be uniformly coated between the heat transfer portion 22 and the test specimen 70 to reduce contact thermal resistance. In another implementation, the heat-conducting silicone grease used for the contact surface can also be replaced by high-purity silver colloid and heat-conducting silicone gel.
The sealing assembly and the sample 70 to be tested are pressed tightly through the gland 51 arranged on the heat insulation piece 30, so that the sealing assembly can be pressed more tightly, and the waterproof effect is enhanced; on the other hand, the pressure of the sample 70 can be increased, so that the thermal contact resistance between the sample 70 and the heat transfer member 20 is reduced, and the heat transfer efficiency is improved.
As shown in fig. 1-3, preferably, the seal assembly includes a first seal ring 53 and a second seal ring 54, the first seal ring 53 being located radially outward of the second seal ring 54; the lower surface of the gland 51 is provided with a downward convex annular flange 511, the annular flange 511 is located at the inner side edge of the gland, and the annular flange 511 is used for pressing the second sealing ring 54 on the upper surface of the sample 70 to be tested.
Specifically, the first seal ring 53 includes a seal ring body and an annular outer rib located on an outer peripheral surface of the seal ring body, and a lower surface of the annular outer rib abuts against an upper surface of an edge of the bottom opening of the water tank 40, so that water in the water tank 40 is prevented from leaking from the edge of the bottom opening of the water tank 40. Further, since the upper surface of the second seal ring 54 is flush in the natural state, by providing the annular flange 511 protruding downward on the inner side edge of the lower surface of the gland 51, the degree of compaction of the portion of the second seal ring 54 having a smaller radius can be increased by the annular flange 511, so that the portion of the second seal ring 54 is pressed more firmly than the rest, thereby improving the sealing effect.
The second seal ring 54 includes a seal ring body, an outer annular flange, an inner annular flange, and a lower end face flange, and has a generally T-shaped cross section as a whole. The annular outer flange, the annular inner flange, and the upper surface of the seal ring body are pressed by the pressing cover 51. The annular outer flange is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the sealing ring body and protrudes outwards along the horizontal direction, and the lower surface of the annular outer flange is in contact with the upper surface of the edge part of the top opening of the heat insulation piece 30; an annular inner flange is provided on an inner peripheral surface of the seal ring body and protrudes inward in a horizontal direction, and a lower surface of an inner portion of the annular inner flange contacts an upper surface of the sample 70 to be measured, thereby preventing water in the water tank 40 from leaking out between the sample 70 to be measured and the gland 51; the end face lower flange is also annular and is provided on the lower end face of the seal ring body, the inner peripheral surface of the end face lower flange is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the top end of the heat transfer element 20, the lower end face of the end face lower flange is in contact with the end face of the stepped hole at the top of the heat insulating element 30, and the outer peripheral surface of the end face lower flange is in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the stepped hole. So that sealing between the gland 51, the test specimen 70 to be tested, the heat transfer member 20 and the heat insulating member 30 can be achieved.
By providing the first outer seal ring 53 and pressing it against the cover 51, water in the water tank 40 can be prevented from leaking between the water tank 40 and the heat insulator 20, and by providing the second seal ring 54 and pressing it against the cover 51, water in the water tank 40 can be prevented from leaking between the cover 51, the test sample 70 to be tested, and the heat transfer member 20 and the heat insulator 30.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the pool boiling experimental apparatus for testing a plate-shaped fuel element made of a high heat flux density material shown in fig. 1, with one side wall of the water tank omitted. As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 4, it is preferable that the thermal insulation member 30 further comprises a stirring device and a water tank 40, the water tank 40 is fixedly connected with the thermal insulation member 30, the stirring device is mounted on the water tank 40, the stirring device comprises an air motor 61 and a stirring member 63 driven by the air motor 61, and the stirring member 63 is located in the water tank 40 and is used for extending below the liquid level.
In addition, in the water tank 40, an auxiliary heating rod 80 is further provided, and the auxiliary heating rod 80 may be located at the bottom of the water tank 40. Specifically, the number of the auxiliary heating rods 80 is two, and the auxiliary heating rods may be respectively disposed at two opposite sidewalls of the water tank 40. And the pneumatic motor 61 may be installed at an outer side of the top surface of the water tank 40, the pneumatic motor 61 drives the stirring member 63 to rotate through the stirring shaft 62, and the stirring member 63 may be a blade. An observation window is arranged on the side wall of the water tank 40, and an organic glass plate 41 is arranged at the observation window.
Through setting up agitating unit, can evenly heat up by the liquid in the water tank 40, can also increase substantially the speed of heating working medium to the target temperature. The water tank 40 with the organic glass plate 41 covering the observation window is used as an observation cavity, so that the side wall of the tank body 40 is prevented from being in a complete closed shape, and the deformation of the cavity caused by overlong heating time can be weakened.
Finally, it is further noted that, herein, relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to the embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. Pool boiling test device for testing fuel elements in the form of plates of a material with high heat flux density, characterized in that it comprises a heat transfer element (20) and a heating element (10), at least a major part of the surface area of the heating element (10) being in contact with the heat transfer element (20) and being intended to transfer heat to the heat transfer element (20).
2. Pool boiling test device for testing high heat flux density material plate fuel elements according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat transfer element (20) has a recess into which at least a part of the heating element (10) is embedded and adapted.
3. Pool boiling experimental setup for testing high heat flux density material plate fuel elements according to claim 2 characterized in that the heating element (10) is a heating rod with a heat transfer surface, the recess comprising a counter bore, the heat transfer surface fitting with the inner surface of the counter bore.
4. The pool boiling experimental apparatus for testing a high heat flux density material plate-shaped fuel element according to claim 1, wherein the heat transfer member (20) comprises an accommodating portion (21) and a heat transfer portion (22) which are integrally formed and sequentially arranged, the heating member (10) is installed in the accommodating portion (21), and the cross-sectional dimension of the upper portion of the accommodating portion (21) is gradually reduced from the lower portion of the accommodating portion (21) to the heat transfer portion (22).
5. The pool boiling experimental apparatus for testing high heat flux density material plate-shaped fuel elements as claimed in claim 4, wherein one end of the heat transfer portion (22) adjacent to the receiving portion (21) is identical and coincident with one end of the receiving portion (21) adjacent to the heat transfer portion (22) in cross section.
6. The pool boiling experimental apparatus for testing a high heat flux density material plate-shaped fuel element according to claim 4, further comprising a temperature measuring device, wherein the temperature measuring device comprises a plurality of temperature detectors (91), the plurality of temperature detectors (91) are located in the heat transfer part (22), the plurality of temperature detectors (91) are arranged in a row along the cross section of the heat transfer part (22), and a plurality of rows of the temperature detectors (91) are distributed along the height direction of the heat transfer part (22).
7. The pool boiling experimental facility for testing the high heat flux density material plate-shaped fuel element according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a heat insulating member (30) and a pressing cover (51), wherein the heat insulating member (30) is sleeved outside the heat transfer member (20) and the heating member (10), the pressing cover (51) is fixedly connected with the heat insulating member (30), and the pressing cover (51) is used for pressing a sealing component and a test sample (70) to be tested.
8. The pool boiling experimental apparatus for testing high heat flux density material plate fuel elements of claim 7, wherein the sealing assembly comprises a first sealing ring (53) and a second sealing ring (54), the first sealing ring (53) being located radially outside (54) the second sealing ring (54); the lower surface of the gland (51) is provided with an annular flange (511) protruding downwards, the annular flange (511) is located on the inner side edge of the gland, and the annular flange (511) is used for pressing the second sealing ring (54) on the upper surface of the sample to be tested (70).
9. The pool boiling experimental apparatus for testing high heat flux density material plate fuel elements as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising a stirring device and a water tank (40), wherein the water tank (40) is fixedly connected with the heat insulation member (30), and the stirring device is mounted on the water tank (40);
the stirring device comprises a pneumatic motor (61) and a stirring piece (63) driven by the pneumatic motor (61), wherein the stirring piece (63) is positioned in the water tank (40) and is used for extending into the liquid level.
10. The pool boiling experimental facility for testing the high heat flux density material plate-shaped fuel element as claimed in claim 9, wherein an observation window is opened on the side wall of the water tank (40), and a plexiglass plate (41) is installed at the observation window.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210509493.6A CN114965563A (en) | 2022-05-11 | 2022-05-11 | Pool boiling experimental device for testing high heat flow density material plate fuel element |
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| CN202210509493.6A CN114965563A (en) | 2022-05-11 | 2022-05-11 | Pool boiling experimental device for testing high heat flow density material plate fuel element |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117214225A (en) * | 2023-11-09 | 2023-12-12 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Long-pulse high-power millimeter wave transmitter heat removal performance testing device |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117214225A (en) * | 2023-11-09 | 2023-12-12 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Long-pulse high-power millimeter wave transmitter heat removal performance testing device |
| CN117214225B (en) * | 2023-11-09 | 2024-02-09 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Long-pulse high-power millimeter wave transmitter heat removal performance testing device |
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