CN112393966B - Ion enrichment device in water and ion concentration monitoring system in water - Google Patents
Ion enrichment device in water and ion concentration monitoring system in water Download PDFInfo
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- CN112393966B CN112393966B CN202110059337.XA CN202110059337A CN112393966B CN 112393966 B CN112393966 B CN 112393966B CN 202110059337 A CN202110059337 A CN 202110059337A CN 112393966 B CN112393966 B CN 112393966B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/40—Concentrating samples
- G01N1/405—Concentrating samples by adsorption or absorption
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/18—Water
Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of water quality monitoring, and discloses aquatic ion enrichment device and aquatic ion concentration monitoring system, the device includes: a conduit, a power supply, and at least two ion enrichment units; the pipeline comprises a water inlet and a water outlet; the ion concentration device comprises at least two ion concentration units, a water flow direction control unit and a water flow direction control unit, wherein the at least two ion concentration units are sequentially arranged at different positions in the pipeline along the water flow direction, and each ion concentration unit comprises a first electrode plate and a second electrode plate which are opposite and parallel; the first electrode plate in each ion enrichment unit is arranged on the lower surface in the pipeline, the distance from the second electrode plate in each ion enrichment unit to the upper surface in the pipeline is positively correlated with the distance from each ion enrichment unit to the water inlet, and the second electrode plate of the ion enrichment unit closest to the water inlet is arranged on the upper surface in the pipeline; the first electrode plate in each ion enrichment unit is connected with one pole of a power supply, and the second electrode plate is connected with the other pole of the power supply, and is used for generating an electric field between the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of water quality monitoring, in particular to an aquatic ion enrichment device and an aquatic ion concentration monitoring system.
Background
The purpose of water quality monitoring is to timely, accurately and comprehensively reflect the current situation and the development trend of water quality and provide scientific basis for water quality management, pollution source control, water quality planning and water quality evaluation. However, the existing water quality monitoring method usually carries out manual sampling from a sampling point at regular intervals, and then brings the sampling point back to a laboratory for inspection and analysis, and once the ion concentration in the water sample is small or the ion concentration fluctuates greatly along with time, the detection precision and accuracy can be greatly reduced, and even the ions in the water can not be detected out due to the limited water sample collection amount and short sampling time.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides an aquatic ion enrichment device and aquatic ion concentration monitoring system, has improved detection precision and degree of accuracy, the cost is reduced.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an apparatus for enriching ions in water, including: a conduit, a power supply, and at least two ion enrichment units;
the pipeline comprises a water inlet and a water outlet;
the at least two ion enrichment units are sequentially arranged at different positions in the pipeline along the water flow direction, and each ion enrichment unit comprises a first electrode plate and a second electrode plate which are opposite and parallel to each other;
the first electrode plate in each ion enrichment unit is arranged on the lower surface in the pipeline, the distance from the second electrode plate in each ion enrichment unit to the upper surface in the pipeline is positively correlated with the distance from each ion enrichment unit to the water inlet, and the second electrode plate of the ion enrichment unit closest to the water inlet is arranged on the upper surface in the pipeline;
the first electrode plate in each ion enrichment unit is connected with one pole of the power supply, and the second electrode plate is connected with the other pole of the power supply, and is used for generating an electric field between the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate, so that ions in the water flowing through the pipeline are adsorbed onto the first electrode plate.
Optionally, the first distance from the second electrode plate to the first electrode plate of any ion enrichment unit is half of a second distance, except for the ion enrichment unit closest to the water inlet, wherein the second distance is the distance from the second electrode plate to the first electrode plate of the ion enrichment unit adjacent to and before the any ion enrichment unit.
Optionally, the first electrode plates in each ion enrichment cell are the same size.
Optionally, an insulating material is disposed between any two adjacent first electrode plates.
Optionally, the device further includes a switch control unit, a switch is respectively disposed between each ion enrichment unit and the power supply, and the switch control unit is configured to disconnect the switch between each ion enrichment unit and the power supply according to a preset control manner, so as to release the ions adsorbed by each ion enrichment unit.
Optionally, the control manner includes: and if the preset conditions are met, switching off the switch of one ion enrichment unit every preset time according to the sequence that the distance from each ion enrichment unit to the water inlet is from small to large.
Optionally, the preset time period is determined according to the water flow speed in the pipeline and the length of the first electrode plate in the water flow direction.
Optionally, the device further comprises a flow sensor device, wherein the flow sensor device is arranged at the water inlet or the water outlet of the in-water ion enrichment device, and the flow sensor device is used for measuring the total water flow passing through the in-water ion enrichment device.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a system for monitoring ion concentration in water, including: an ion enrichment device, a flow sensor, a spectrometer and a processing unit in the water according to any one of the first aspect;
the spectrometer is used for emitting detection light to the water flow flowing out of the last ion enrichment unit after the switch of the last ion enrichment unit is switched off, measuring the spectrum of the detection light after the detection light is absorbed by ions in the water flow, and determining the ion species and the content of each ion in the water flow flowing out of the last ion enrichment unit according to the spectrum, wherein the last ion enrichment unit is the ion enrichment unit closest to the water outlet;
the flow sensor is arranged at the water inlet or the water outlet of the in-water ion enrichment device and is used for measuring the total water flow passing through the in-water ion enrichment device;
the processing unit is used for determining the concentration of each ion in the water according to the content of each ion in the water flow flowing out from the last ion enrichment unit and the total water flow.
Optionally, a baffle is disposed between the last ion enrichment unit and the water outlet, and the baffle is adjacent to the second electrode plate of the last ion enrichment unit to isolate water flows above and below the second electrode plate of the last ion enrichment unit.
The aquatic ion enrichment device and aquatic ion concentration monitoring system that this application embodiment provided can realize 24 hours all-weather incessant water sample collection, through the ion of absorption mode enrichment aquatic step by step, even if it is less or ion concentration is great along with time fluctuation to treat that ion concentration is less in the monitoring waters, also can detect out ion concentration wherein, improved detection precision and degree of accuracy to realize on-line monitoring, and need not monitoring personnel's watch on after putting in, the cost is reduced. On the other hand, ions in water are enriched in a step-by-step adsorption mode, so that the ion concentration during detection can be improved, the sensitivity requirement on a sensor for detecting the ion concentration is lowered, and the monitoring cost is lowered. In addition, compared with a mode without grading (namely a mode of only using one ion enrichment unit), the multistage superposition mode in the embodiment of the application can obtain a higher ion adsorption rate while shortening the total length of the first electrode plate, so that the length of a pipeline is reduced, and the volume of equipment is smaller.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for enriching ions in water according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for enriching ions in water according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of ion adsorption in a multi-stage ion enrichment unit according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a system for monitoring ion concentration in water according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for monitoring ion concentration in water according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other; moreover, all other embodiments that can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art from the embodiments disclosed herein without making any creative effort fall within the scope of the present disclosure.
It is noted that various aspects of the embodiments are described below within the scope of the appended claims. It should be apparent that the aspects described herein may be embodied in a wide variety of forms and that any specific structure and/or function described herein is merely illustrative. Based on the disclosure, one skilled in the art should appreciate that one aspect described herein may be implemented independently of any other aspects and that two or more of these aspects may be combined in various ways. For example, an apparatus may be implemented and/or a method practiced using any number of the aspects set forth herein. Additionally, such an apparatus may be implemented and/or such a method may be practiced using other structure and/or functionality in addition to one or more of the aspects set forth herein.
Any number of elements in the drawings are by way of example and not by way of limitation, and any nomenclature is used solely for differentiation and not by way of limitation.
This is explained in detail below with reference to the figures and the detailed description. Although the embodiments of the present application provide the method operation steps as shown in the following embodiments or figures, more or less operation steps may be included in the method based on the conventional or non-inventive labor. In steps where no necessary causal relationship exists logically, the order of execution of the steps is not limited to that provided by the embodiments of the present application.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present application provides an apparatus for enriching ions in water, including: a conduit 101, a power supply 105, and at least two ion enrichment units 102. Wherein, the pipeline 101 comprises a water inlet 1011 and a water outlet 1012, water can flow into the pipeline 101 from the water inlet 1011 and flow out from the water outlet 1012, each ion enrichment unit 102 comprises two opposite and parallel first electrode plates 103 and second electrode plates 104, and at least two ion enrichment units 102 are sequentially arranged at different positions in the pipeline 101 along the water flow direction. The pipe 101 may be a square pipe, the first electrode plate 103 in each ion enrichment unit 102 is disposed on the lower surface in the pipe 101, the distance from the second electrode plate 104 in each ion enrichment unit 102 to the upper surface in the pipe 101 is positively correlated to the distance from each ion enrichment unit 102 to the water inlet 1011, wherein the second electrode plate 104 of the ion enrichment unit 102 closest to the water inlet 1011 is disposed on the upper surface in the pipe 101. The first electrode plate 103 in each ion enrichment unit 102 is connected to one pole of a power supply 105, the second electrode plate 104 is connected to the other pole of the power supply 105, and the power supply 105 provides a stable voltage difference to the first electrode plate 103 and the second electrode plate 104 to generate a stable and uniform electric field between the first electrode plate 103 and the second electrode plate 104, so that ions in the water flowing through the pipe 101 are adsorbed onto the first electrode plate 103.
Taking fig. 2 as an example, three ion enrichment units are arranged in the pipeline 101, including a first ion enrichment unit 102-1, a second ion enrichment unit 102-2 and a third ion enrichment unit 102-3, the first ion enrichment unit 102-1, the second ion enrichment unit 102-2 and the third ion enrichment unit 102-3 are sequentially arranged between the water inlet 1011 and the water outlet 1012 of the pipeline 101, and electrode plates of the three ion enrichment units are not overlapped with each other. The first electrode plate 103-1 of the first ion enrichment unit 102-1, the first electrode plate 103-2 of the second ion enrichment unit 102-2, and the first electrode plate 103-3 of the third ion enrichment unit 102-3 are all disposed on the lower surface in the duct 101. The second electrode plate 104-1 of the first ion enrichment unit 102-1 closest to the water inlet is arranged on the upper surface in the pipeline 101; the second electrode plate 104-2 of the second ion enrichment unit 102-2 located after the first ion enrichment unit 102-1 is disposed between the upper surface and the lower surface in the pipe 101 to divide the water flow flowing out of the second ion enrichment unit 102-2 into two in the water flow direction; the second electrode plate 104-3 of the third ion enrichment unit 102-3 located after the second ion enrichment unit 102-2 may be disposed between the upper surface and the lower surface in the pipe 101 to divide the water flow flowing out of the third ion enrichment unit 102-3 into two in the water flow direction, and the distance from the second electrode plate 104-3 to the upper surface of the pipe 101 is greater than the distance from the second electrode plate 104-2 to the upper surface of the pipe 101; that is, the electrode plate spacing of the three ion enrichment units gradually decreases, wherein the spacing between the two electrode plates of the first ion enrichment unit 102-1 is the largest and is approximately equal to the height of the pipeline 101, the spacing between the two electrode plates of the second ion enrichment unit 102-2 is centered, and the spacing between the two electrode plates of the third ion enrichment unit 102-3 is the smallest. The first electrode plate 103-1, the first electrode plate 103-2 and the first electrode plate 103-3 are all connected to one pole of the power supply 105, and the second electrode plate 104-1, the second electrode plate 104-2 and the second electrode plate 104-3 are all connected to the other pole of the power supply 105. For example, if the first electrode plate 103-1, the first electrode plate 103-2 and the first electrode plate 103-3 are all connected to the positive electrode of the power supply 105, and the second electrode plate 104-1, the second electrode plate 104-2 and the second electrode plate 104-3 are all connected to the negative electrode of the power supply 105, negative ions in water are adsorbed onto the first electrode plate 103-1, the first electrode plate 103-2 and the first electrode plate 103-3; if the first electrode plate 103-1, the first electrode plate 103-2 and the first electrode plate 103-3 are all connected to the negative electrode of the power supply 105 and the second electrode plate 104-1, the second electrode plate 104-2 and the second electrode plate 104-3 are all connected to the positive electrode of the power supply 105, positive ions in the water will be adsorbed onto the first electrode plate 103-1, the first electrode plate 103-2 and the first electrode plate 103-3. By controlling the polarity of the power supply 105 connected to the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate, positive ions or negative ions can be selectively enriched.
In practical application, the width of the second electrode plate is the same as that of the pipeline, so that water flow in the pipeline is divided into two parts along the water flow direction, the water flow on the upper layer and the water flow on the lower layer are subjected to complementary interference, and the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate are consistent in size.
Taking fig. 2 as an example, it is assumed that the first electrode plate 103-1, the first electrode plate 103-2 and the first electrode plate 103-3 are all connected to the negative pole of the power supply, the second electrode plate 104-1, the second electrode plate 104-2 and the second electrode plate 104-3 are all connected to the positive pole of the power supply, and the dotted line with an arrow in fig. 2 indicates the water flow direction. After water to be monitored passes through the water inlet pipeline 101, positive ions in the water move towards the first electrode plate 103-1 through the first ion enrichment unit 102-1, so that the positive ions are concentrated in the lower layer of the water flow, and a part of the positive ions are adsorbed onto the first electrode plate 103-1; then, water continuously flows to the second ion enrichment unit 102-2, at the moment, the water flow is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer by the second electrode plate 104-2, the upper layer of water flow directly passes through, and positive ions in the lower layer of water flow move towards the first electrode plate 103-2, so that the positive ions are further concentrated towards the bottom of the pipeline 105, and part of the positive ions are adsorbed onto the first electrode plate 103-2; the water flow flowing out of the second ion enrichment unit 102-2 is continuously split into an upper layer and a lower layer by the second electrode plate 104-3, the upper layer water flow directly passes through, and positive ions in the lower layer water flow continuously move towards the first electrode plate 103-3, so that the positive ions are further concentrated towards the lower layer of the water flow, and a part of the positive ions are adsorbed onto the first electrode plate 103-3. Under the action of a stepwise electric field, positive ions in water are gradually concentrated to the bottom layer of the water flow and are finally enriched on each first electrode plate.
Fig. 1 and fig. 2 only provide a few possible examples, in practical applications, the water ion enrichment apparatus may include two stages, three stages, or even more ion enrichment units, the number of stages of the ion enrichment units included in the water ion enrichment apparatus may be set according to specific application requirements, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.
In practical application, can directly place aquatic ion enrichment facility in treating the monitoring waters, the water source in treating the monitoring waters is constantly through the water inlet of pipeline inflow pipeline in, the ion of the aquatic of pipeline of flowing through is adsorbed on the plate electrode step by step, realizes the enrichment to aquatic ion to measure the ion species and the ion content of enrichment, measure the water yield of flowing out through the pipeline again, can calculate the concentration of various ions in treating the monitoring waters.
Therefore, the aquatic ion enrichment device of the embodiment of the application realizes 24-hour all-weather uninterrupted water sample collection, and the ions in the water are enriched in a step-by-step adsorption mode, so that the ion concentration in the water to be monitored can be detected even if the ion concentration is small or the ion concentration fluctuates along with time, the detection precision and accuracy are improved, online monitoring is realized, monitoring personnel are not needed to watch after the ion enrichment device is put in, and the cost is reduced. On the other hand, ions in water are enriched in a step-by-step adsorption mode, so that the ion concentration during detection can be improved, the sensitivity requirement on a sensor for detecting the ion concentration is lowered, and the monitoring cost is lowered.
In addition, because the interval between the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate in each level of ion enrichment unit reduces step by step, so the electric field force that the ion received increases step by step for the speed of ion in vertical direction increases sooner, thereby makes more ions adsorbed by first electrode plate. Compared with a mode without grading (namely a mode of only using one ion enrichment unit), the multistage superposition mode in the embodiment of the application can obtain higher ion adsorption rate while shortening the total length of the first electrode plate, further reduce the length of a pipeline and reduce the volume of equipment.
In practical application, the water inlet of the pipeline can face to the water flow velocity direction of the water area to be monitored, so that liquid in the water area to be monitored can actively flow into the pipeline. Or equipment such as a water pump can be arranged at the water inlet of the pipeline, so that water flow in the water area to be monitored can stably enter the pipeline, and the problem of unstable water flow speed and direction in a flat still water area or a turbulent water area can be solved. In addition, the water inlet and the water outlet of the pipeline can be provided with filter equipment such as a filter screen, and the like, so that sundries and particles are prevented from blocking the pipeline.
In specific implementation, the first electrode plates in each ion enrichment unit are the same in size and dimension. Have certain clearance between two arbitrary adjacent first electrode boards, place mutual interference between the first electrode board, perhaps be provided with insulating material between two arbitrary adjacent first electrode boards, isolate through insulating material. The first electrode plate and the second electrode plate may be inert electrode plates or graphite electrode plates.
In one possible embodiment, the first distance from the second electrode plate to the first electrode plate of any one of the ion enrichment units, except the ion enrichment unit closest to the water inlet, is half of a second distance from the second electrode plate to the first electrode plate of an ion enrichment unit adjacent to and preceding the ion enrichment unit.
Taking fig. 2 as an example, the distance between the first electrode plate 103-1 and the second electrode plate 104-1 is d, and the distance from the second electrode plate 104-2 to the first electrode plate 103-2 is d2= d/2, distance from the second electrode plate 104-3 to the first electrode plate 103-3 is d3And d/4. Referring to fig. 3, assuming that the voltage difference between the second electrode plate 104-1 and the first electrode plate 103-1, the voltage difference between the second electrode plate 104-2 and the first electrode plate 103-2, and the voltage difference between the second electrode plate 104-3 and the first electrode plate 103-3 are all U, ions in water before entering the first ion enrichment unit 102-1 are uniformly distributed, the velocity of the water flow in the horizontal direction is v, the velocity in the vertical direction is 0, and the lengths of the first electrode plate 103-1, the first electrode plate 103-2, and the first electrode plate 103-3 are all L. Taking an ion having an electric charge of q and a mass of m as an example, when the water flow passes through the first ion enrichment unit 102-1, the ion is subjected to a force of Uq/d in the vertical direction, and the ion ratio that can be adsorbed by the first electrode plate 103-1 is y1/d，y1=UqL2/(2mdv2) I.e. the adsorption ratio of the first ion enrichment unit is beta1=y1/d= UqL2/(2md2v2) The ion ratio that can enter between the second electrode plate 104-2 and the first electrode plate 103-2 is 1/2, i.e., half of the ions can enter the second ion enrichment unit; similarly, when the water flow passes through the second ion enrichment unit, the ions are subjected to a force of 2Uq/d in the vertical direction, and the ratio of the ions that can be adsorbed by the first electrode plate 103-2 is y2/d，y2=2UqL2/(mdv2) I.e. the adsorption ratio of the second ion enrichment unit is beta2=y2/d= 2UqL2/(md2v2) I.e. beta2= 4β1The ion ratio that can enter between the second electrode plate 104-3 and the first electrode plate 103-3 is 1/4, i.e., 1/4 of ions can enterA third ion enrichment unit; similarly, when the water flow passes through the third ion enrichment unit, the ions are subjected to a force of 4Uq/d in the vertical direction, and y3=5UqL2/(mdv2) I.e. the adsorption ratio of the first ion enrichment unit is beta3=y2/d= 5UqL2/(md2v2) I.e. beta3= 10β1(ii) a Therefore, theoretically, an in-water ion enrichment device including three stages of ion enrichment units has an adsorption rate of β = β for ions having a charge amount q and a mass m1+β2+β3=15 UqL2/(2md2v2). When one ion enrichment unit with the length of 3L is used for enrichment, the adsorption rate is only 9UqL2/(2md2v2) Therefore, compare with the mode of not stepping, the multistage stack mode in this application embodiment can obtain higher ion adsorption rate when shortening the total length of first plate electrode, and then reduces pipeline length for the equipment volume is littleer.
In specific implementation, the adsorption rate of the ion enrichment device in water for various ions can also be determined in an experimental manner, for example, the ion content in water before entering the pipeline is measured, then the ion content in water after leaving the pipeline is measured, and then the corresponding adsorption rate is calculated.
On the basis of any one of the above embodiments, the device for enriching ions in water further comprises a switch control unit, a switch is arranged between each ion enrichment unit and the power supply, and the switch control unit is used for disconnecting the switch between each ion enrichment unit and the power supply according to a preset control mode so as to release ions adsorbed by each ion enrichment unit.
In one possible embodiment, the preset control mode in the switch control unit may be: and if the preset conditions are met, simultaneously disconnecting the switches between the ion enrichment units and the power supply to release the ions adsorbed by the ion enrichment units.
The preset condition may be that a monitoring period is reached, the monitoring period may be a set duration, such as 1 hour, 24 hours, 48 hours, and the like, and the specific value may be set according to the actual application requirement, which is not limited herein. The preset condition may be that the amount of water flowing through the conduit reaches a preset water flow rate.
Furthermore, a flow sensor is arranged at the water inlet or the water outlet of the ion enrichment device in the water and is used for measuring the total water flow passing through the ion enrichment device in the water.
Taking fig. 2 as an example, the ion enrichment device in water is placed in the water area to be monitored, the ion enrichment device in water is started, a voltage is applied to each ion enrichment unit, and the first electrode plate of each ion enrichment unit starts to adsorb ions in water. When the monitoring period is reached or the preset water flow is reached, the water inlet and the water outlet of the pipeline are closed, the water flow is prevented from entering the pipeline, then the switches between the ion enrichment units and the power supply are switched off, so that ions adsorbed by the ion enrichment units are released, and monitoring personnel are informed. Monitoring personnel recover the ion enrichment device in the water, obtain the liquid in the ion enrichment device, utilize analytical equipment such as a spectrometer to measure the content of various ions in the liquid, calculate and determine the total content of various ions in the water flowing through the ion enrichment device in the water according to the adsorption rate of the ion enrichment device in the water for various ions, and determine the concentration of various ions in the water according to the total content of various ions and the total water flow measured by the flow sensor.
In another possible embodiment, the preset control manner in the switch control unit includes: and if the preset conditions are met, switching off the switch of one ion enrichment unit every preset time according to the sequence that the distance from each ion enrichment unit to the water inlet is from small to large.
The preset condition may be that a monitoring period is reached, the monitoring period may be a set duration, such as 1 hour, 24 hours, 48 hours, and the like, and the specific value may be set according to the actual application requirement, which is not limited herein. The preset condition may be that the amount of water flowing through the conduit reaches a preset water flow rate.
The preset time period t is determined according to the water flow speed v in the pipeline and the length L of the first electrode plate in the water flow direction, for example, the preset time period t can be slightly greater than L/v, and it is ensured that ions released by the ion enrichment unit of the previous stage move to the ion enrichment unit of the next stage and then release ions absorbed by the ion enrichment unit of the next stage, so that the ions absorbed by the ion enrichment units of multiple stages can be enriched together, and the ion concentration is improved.
Furthermore, a flow sensor is arranged at the water inlet or the water outlet of the ion enrichment device in the water and is used for measuring the total water flow passing through the ion enrichment device in the water.
During specific implementation, a kit can be arranged in the last stage of ion enrichment unit, cover plates which can be opened or closed are arranged at two ends of the kit, and the side wall of the kit is tightly attached to the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate of the last stage of ion enrichment unit and the side wall of the pipeline. When the two end cover plates of the reagent box are opened, the water flow can flow through the reagent box without obstruction; when the two end cover plates of the reagent box are closed, the liquid in the reagent box can be isolated from the liquid in other parts in the pipeline. The kit can be made of high-light-transmission materials.
Taking fig. 2 as an example, the ion enrichment device in water is placed in the water area to be monitored, the ion enrichment device in water is started, voltage is applied to each ion enrichment unit, the first electrode plates of each ion enrichment unit begin to adsorb ions in water, and the cover plates at two ends of the kit are in an open state at the moment. When the preset conditions are met, the switch control unit firstly switches off the switch of the first ion enrichment unit 102-1, the first electrode plate 103-1 releases the adsorbed ions, and the released ions enter the second ion enrichment unit 102-2 along with the water flow and are adsorbed by the first electrode plate 103-2; after a preset time t, the switch control unit disconnects the switch of the second ion enrichment unit 102-2, the first electrode plate 103-2 releases the adsorbed ions, and the released ions enter the third ion enrichment unit 102-2 along with the water flow and are adsorbed by the first electrode plate 103-3; after the interval is preset for a time t, the two end cover plates of the kit are closed, then the switch control unit disconnects the switch of the third ion enrichment unit 102-3, the first electrode plate 103-3 releases the adsorbed ions, and at the moment, the ions adsorbed by the first ion enrichment unit 102-1, the first ion enrichment unit 102-2 and the third ion enrichment unit 102-3 are all enriched in the kit, so that the ion concentration in water is further concentrated, and the sensitivity requirement on detection equipment can be reduced. Monitoring personnel recover the ion enrichment device in the water and take out the kit, the content of various ions in the kit is measured by utilizing analytical equipment such as a spectrometer, the total content of various ions in the water flowing through the ion enrichment device in the water is calculated and determined according to the adsorption rate of the ion enrichment device in the water for various ions, and the concentration of various ions in the water is determined according to the total content of various ions and the total water flow measured by the flow sensor.
Based on the ion enrichment facility in water that provides in the above-mentioned embodiment, this application embodiment still provides an ion concentration monitoring system in water, but various ion concentration in on-line monitoring aquatic. Referring to fig. 4, the system for monitoring the concentration of ions in water according to the embodiment of the present application includes: a water ion enrichment device 401, a flow sensor 402, a spectrometer 403 and a processing unit 404.
Wherein, aquatic ion enrichment device 401 includes pipeline, power and two at least ion enrichment units, and wherein, the pipeline includes water inlet and delivery port, and every ion enrichment unit includes two just first electrode boards and the second electrode board parallel, and two at least ion enrichment units set gradually in the pipeline along the different positions department of rivers direction. The first electrode plate in each ion enrichment unit is arranged on the lower surface in the pipeline, the distance from the second electrode plate in each ion enrichment unit to the upper surface in the pipeline is positively correlated with the distance from each ion enrichment unit to the water inlet, and the second electrode plate of the ion enrichment unit closest to the water inlet is arranged on the upper surface in the pipeline. The first electrode plate in each ion enrichment unit is connected with one pole of the power supply, the second electrode plate is connected with the other pole of the power supply, and the power supply provides a stable voltage difference for the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate so as to generate a stable and uniform electric field between the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate, so that ions in water flowing through the pipeline are adsorbed onto the first electrode plate.
The spectrometer 403 is configured to emit detection light to the water stream flowing out of the last ion enrichment unit after the switch of the last ion enrichment unit is turned off, measure a spectrum of the detection light after the detection light is absorbed by ions in the water stream, and determine the ion type and the content of each ion in the water stream flowing out of the last ion enrichment unit according to the spectrum, where the last ion enrichment unit is the ion enrichment unit closest to the water outlet.
The spectrometer 403 includes a light emitting device, a light receiving device and a processor, the light emitting device and the light receiving device can be disposed on two sides of the water flow flowing out of the last ion enrichment unit, the light emitting device is used for emitting detection light to the water flow, the light receiving device is used for receiving light absorbed by ions in the water flow, and the processor is used for analyzing the spectrum of the light received by the light receiving device and determining the ion type and the content of each ion in the enrichment region according to the spectrum. Each ion corresponds to different frequency bands in the spectrum, when the light intensity of a certain frequency band is weakened, the corresponding ion exists in the enrichment region, then the content of the ion can be calculated according to the weakened light intensity of the frequency band, and the light intensity and the ion content accord with the Lambert-beer law: a = -lg I/I0Wherein, I0To detect the light intensity, I is the light intensity received by the light receiving device, and the ion content is the ion content.
The ion enrichment device 401 in water further comprises a switch control unit, a switch is arranged between each ion enrichment unit and the power supply, and the switch control unit is used for disconnecting the switch between each ion enrichment unit and the power supply according to a preset control mode so as to release ions adsorbed by each ion enrichment unit. Wherein, the control mode that presets in the switch control unit includes: and if the preset conditions are met, switching off the switch of one ion enrichment unit every preset time according to the sequence that the distance from each ion enrichment unit to the water inlet is from small to large.
The preset condition may be that a monitoring period is reached, the monitoring period may be a set duration, such as 1 hour, 24 hours, 48 hours, and the like, and the specific value may be set according to the actual application requirement, which is not limited herein. The preset condition may be that the amount of water flowing through the conduit reaches a preset water flow rate. The preset time is determined according to the water flow speed in the pipeline and the length of the first electrode plate in the water flow direction.
A flow sensor 402 is provided at the water inlet or outlet of the ion enrichment device 401 in the water, and the flow sensor 402 is used to measure the total water flow through the ion enrichment device 401 in the water.
The processing unit 404 is configured to determine the concentration of each ion in the water according to the content of each ion in the water flowing out of the last ion enrichment unit and the total water flow.
Specifically, the processing unit 404 may determine the total content of each ion in the water flowing through the in-water ion enrichment device 401 according to the content of each ion in the water flowing out from the last ion enrichment unit and the adsorption rate of each ion by the in-water ion enrichment device 401, and then determine the concentration of each ion in the water according to the total content of each ion and the total water flow rate.
For example, the ion enrichment device 401 for Ca in water2+Is 75%, the Ca content in the water stream flowing out of the last ion concentration unit is detected by the spectrometer 4032+Is 7.5mg, Ca in the water flowing through the water ion-enriching means 4012+The total content of (1) is 7.5mg/75% =10mg, the total water flow is 1000L, then Ca in the water2+The concentration was 10 mg/1000L.
The processing unit 404 may be a general-purpose Processor, such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable logic device, a discrete Gate or transistor logic device, or a discrete hardware component.
Further, referring to fig. 5, a baffle 106 is disposed between the ion enrichment unit 102-3 nearest to the water outlet and the water outlet, and the baffle 106 is adjacent to the second electrode plate of the ion enrichment unit 102-3 nearest to the water outlet to isolate the flow of water above and below the second electrode plate of the ion enrichment unit 102-3 nearest to the water outlet. Accordingly, the spectrometer 403 is configured to emit detection light to the enrichment region between the baffle 106 and the lower surface after the switch of the ion enrichment cell 102-3 closest to the water outlet is turned off, measure the spectrum of the detection light after being absorbed by the ions in the enrichment region, and determine the ion species and the content of each ion in the enrichment region according to the spectrum. Specifically, the light emitting device in the spectrometer 403 may be disposed on the baffle 106, the light receiving device may be disposed on the lower surface of the conduit, the light emitting device may be configured to emit detection light to the enrichment region between the baffle 106 and the lower surface, the light receiving device may be configured to receive light absorbed by the ions in the enrichment region, and the processor may be configured to analyze a spectrum of the light received by the light receiving device and determine the ion species and the content of each ion in the enrichment region according to the spectrum.
In practical applications, the baffle 106 may be made of a material with high light transmittance, such as glass, so that the detection light can enter the enrichment region through the baffle 106, or the light emitting device may be embedded inside the baffle 106 so that the detection light can directly irradiate the enrichment region. Similarly, the part of the lower surface of the pipeline, which is in contact with the light receiving device, can be a window with high light transmission quality, or the light receiving device can be embedded in the pipe wall of the lower surface of the pipeline, so that the detection light can be successfully received, and water flow is not blocked.
The baffle 106 limits the water flow with high ion concentration flowing out from the last ion enrichment unit in a certain space, so as to avoid mixing with the upper water flow, and improve the detection accuracy.
Taking fig. 5 as an example, the system for monitoring the concentration of ions in water is placed in the water area to be monitored, the system for monitoring the concentration of ions in water is started, a voltage is applied to each ion enrichment unit, and the first electrode plate of each ion enrichment unit starts to adsorb ions in water. When the preset conditions are met, the switch control unit firstly switches off the switch of the first ion enrichment unit 102-1, the first electrode plate 103-1 releases the adsorbed ions, and the released ions enter the second ion enrichment unit 102-2 along with the water flow and are adsorbed by the first electrode plate 103-2; after a preset time t, the switch control unit disconnects the switch of the second ion enrichment unit 102-2, the first electrode plate 103-2 releases the adsorbed ions, and the released ions enter the third ion enrichment unit 102-2 along with the water flow and are adsorbed by the first electrode plate 103-3; after the preset time t, the switch control unit switches off the switch of the third ion enrichment unit 102-3, the first electrode plate 103-3 releases the adsorbed ions, and the ions accumulated step by step are mixed together and flow through the enrichment area between the baffle 106 and the lower surface of the pipeline under the action of water flow, so that the ion concentration in the water flowing through the enrichment area can be increased, and the sensitivity requirement on a light receiving device is reduced. The spectrometer 403, upon receiving a signal that the switch of the third ion enrichment cell 102-2 is turned off, emits detection light to the enrichment region between the baffle 106 and the lower surface, measures the spectrum of the detection light after being absorbed by the ions in the enrichment region, and determines the ion species and the content of each ion in the enrichment region from the spectrum. The processing unit 404 determines the total content of each ion in the water flowing through the ion enrichment device in the water according to the content of each ion in the enrichment region analyzed by the spectrometer 403 and the adsorption rate of each ion by the ion enrichment device in the water, and then determines the concentration of each ion in the water according to the total content of each ion and the total water flow measured by the flow sensor 402.
The aquatic ion concentration monitoring system of this application embodiment, through the ion of the mode enrichment aquatic of adsorbing step by step, even if wait to monitor that ion concentration is less or ion concentration is great along with time fluctuation in the waters, also can detect out ion concentration wherein accurately, improved detection precision and degree of accuracy to realize on-line monitoring, and need not the monitoring personnel after putting in and watch on, the cost is reduced. On the other hand, ions in water are enriched in a step-by-step adsorption mode, so that the ion concentration during detection can be improved, the sensitivity requirement on a sensor for detecting the ion concentration is lowered, and the monitoring cost is lowered. In addition, the multistage stack mode that this application adopted can obtain higher ion adsorption rate when shortening the total length of first plate electrode, and then reduces pipeline length, reduces equipment volume.
The above description is only for the specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. An apparatus for enriching ions in water, comprising: a conduit, a power supply, and at least two ion enrichment units;
the pipeline comprises a water inlet and a water outlet;
the at least two ion enrichment units are sequentially arranged at different positions in the pipeline along the water flow direction, and each ion enrichment unit comprises a first electrode plate and a second electrode plate which are opposite and parallel to each other;
the first electrode plate in each ion enrichment unit is arranged on the lower surface in the pipeline, the distance from the second electrode plate in each ion enrichment unit to the upper surface in the pipeline is positively correlated with the distance from each ion enrichment unit to the water inlet, and the second electrode plate of the ion enrichment unit closest to the water inlet is arranged on the upper surface in the pipeline;
the first electrode plate in each ion enrichment unit is connected with one pole of the power supply, and the second electrode plate is connected with the other pole of the power supply, and is used for generating an electric field between the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate, so that ions in the water flowing through the pipeline are adsorbed onto the first electrode plate.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein a first distance from the second electrode plate of any ion enrichment cell to the first electrode plate is half of a second distance from the second electrode plate of an ion enrichment cell adjacent to and preceding said any ion enrichment cell to the first electrode plate, except for the ion enrichment cell closest to the water inlet.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first electrode plates in each ion enrichment cell are the same size.
4. The device of claim 1, wherein an insulating material is disposed between any two adjacent first electrode plates.
5. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a switch control unit, wherein a switch is respectively arranged between each ion enrichment unit and the power supply, and the switch control unit is used for disconnecting the switch between each ion enrichment unit and the power supply according to a preset control mode so as to release the ions adsorbed by each ion enrichment unit.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the controlling means comprises: and if the preset conditions are met, switching off the switch of one ion enrichment unit every preset time according to the sequence that the distance from each ion enrichment unit to the water inlet is from small to large.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the predetermined period of time is determined according to the water flow speed in the pipe and the length of the first electrode plate in the water flow direction.
8. The apparatus of claim 5, further comprising a flow sensor disposed at the water inlet or outlet of the ion enrichment device, the flow sensor configured to measure a total water flow through the ion enrichment device.
9. A system for monitoring the concentration of ions in water, comprising: the water ion enrichment device, flow sensor, spectrometer and processing unit of any one of claims 5 to 7;
the spectrometer is used for emitting detection light to the water flow flowing out of the last ion enrichment unit after the switch of the last ion enrichment unit is switched off, measuring the spectrum of the detection light after the detection light is absorbed by ions in the water flow, and determining the ion species and the content of each ion in the water flow flowing out of the last ion enrichment unit according to the spectrum, wherein the last ion enrichment unit is the ion enrichment unit closest to the water outlet;
the flow sensor is arranged at the water inlet or the water outlet of the in-water ion enrichment device and is used for measuring the total water flow passing through the in-water ion enrichment device;
the processing unit is used for determining the concentration of each ion in the water according to the content of each ion in the water flow flowing out from the last ion enrichment unit and the total water flow.
10. The system of claim 9, wherein a baffle is disposed between the last ion enrichment unit and the water outlet, the baffle being proximate to the second electrode plate of the last ion enrichment unit to isolate the flow of water above and below the second electrode plate of the last ion enrichment unit.
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