CN112393713A - Full-automatic measuring system, measuring method and control method for geological motion deformation - Google Patents
Full-automatic measuring system, measuring method and control method for geological motion deformation Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C9/00—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
- F16M11/00—Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon ; Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
- F16M11/02—Heads
- F16M11/04—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand
- F16M11/043—Allowing translations
- F16M11/046—Allowing translations adapted to upward-downward translation movement
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
- F16M11/00—Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon ; Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
- F16M11/02—Heads
- F16M11/18—Heads with mechanism for moving the apparatus relatively to the stand
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
- F16M13/00—Other supports for positioning apparatus or articles; Means for steadying hand-held apparatus or articles
- F16M13/02—Other supports for positioning apparatus or articles; Means for steadying hand-held apparatus or articles for supporting on, or attaching to, an object, e.g. tree, gate, window-frame, cycle
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C19/00—Electric signal transmission systems
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Abstract
The invention provides a full-automatic measuring system, a measuring method and a control method for geological motion deformation, the measuring system comprises a driving unit, an inclinometer pipe, a main control unit and a measuring unit, the driving unit comprises a driving wheel, a driving rope and a following wheel, the driving wheel is arranged above the inclinometer pipe, the following wheel is arranged at the bottom of the inclinometer pipe, the top end of the driving rope is sleeved on the driving wheel, the bottom end of the driving rope is sleeved on the following wheel, the main control unit can control the driving wheel to rotate to drive the driving rope to drive the following wheel to rotate, the measuring unit is arranged on the driving rope and can move along with the driving rope, the measuring unit has a storage function and monitors the deformation data of the inclinometer pipe and is in communication connection with the main control unit, the invention adopts an annular driving structure formed by a pulley and a steel wire rope, only drives the steel wire rope to act to realize full-automatic measurement of geological deformation, greatly reduces the energy consumption, and has small volume, easy installation and accurate measuring result.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of constructional engineering, in particular to a full-automatic measuring system, a measuring method and a control method for geological motion deformation, and particularly relates to a full-automatic measuring system, a measuring method and a control method for deep horizontal deformation generated by geological motion.
Background
In the field of geotechnical engineering monitoring, an inclinometer is often used for monitoring geological deep horizontal movement and is mainly applied to monitoring buildings such as deep foundation pits, side slopes, reservoir dams and the like.
In the occasion of needing to monitor the deep horizontal displacement of the soil (rock), it is widely used to bury a special inclinometer whose total length is not less than the monitoring depth in the tested soil, when the tested soil body buried with the inclinometer generates horizontal displacement change, the inclinometer generates corresponding distortion from the vertical direction, measures the distortion value relative to the vertical direction, and obtains the horizontal displacement value of the soil body through conversion, this method is called inclinometry in the engineering field for short. The inclinometer is a special hollow round pipe, and is installed in the inclinometer through up-and-down movement to realize inclination measurement.
The existing inclinometers are divided into a portable type and a fixed type, the portable type measuring instrument is manually operated to complete measurement, the fixed type measuring instrument is fixed on the wall of an inclinometer pipe by a group of inclinometer sensors to form a measuring system to complete measurement, the defects of high labor intensity and low measuring efficiency of the portable type and the fixed type inclinometers are explained in patent documents CN111521140A, CN105937898A, CN107328390A, CN109540085A and the like, and the invention of a novel fully automatic or intelligent inclinometer is provided.
In summary, the full-automatic inclinometer in the prior art has common disadvantages that:
on one hand, the configuration of the take-up pulley for receiving and releasing the cable or the mooring rope causes the inclinometer to have large volume and extrude the construction space on site. Inclinometers typically measure depths from tens to hundreds of meters, with deeper measurements requiring more storage space.
On the other hand, the power consumption for cable winding and unwinding is large, and long-time standby work cannot be supported by the inclinometer powered by the battery. In order to enable the detection element of the inclinometer to smoothly fall to the lower part of the inclinometer, the weight of the detection element can be increased, the measurement frequency can be increased according to the engineering monitoring requirement when different stages of construction or surrounding environments are changeable, repeated work of up-and-down motion is caused, and the electric quantity consumption of a battery is greatly increased.
In view of the above drawbacks of the prior art, there is a need for a new measuring system to solve the drawbacks of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a full-automatic measuring system, a measuring method and a control method for geological motion deformation.
The invention provides a full-automatic measuring system for geological motion deformation, which further comprises:
the driving unit comprises a driving wheel, a driving rope and a follow-up wheel, the driving wheel is installed above the top of the inclinometer pipe, the follow-up wheel is installed at the bottom of the inclinometer pipe, the top end of the driving rope is sleeved on the driving wheel, and the bottom end of the driving rope is sleeved on the follow-up wheel;
the main control unit can control the driving wheel to rotate to drive the driving rope to drive the follow-up wheel to rotate;
and the measuring unit is arranged on the driving rope and can move along with the driving rope, monitor the deformation data of the inclinometer pipe, have a storage function and is in communication connection with the main control unit.
Preferably, the main control unit comprises a main controller, a communication processor, a power module and a wireless charging transmitting module;
the power supply module is used for supplying power to the main control unit, and the wireless charging transmitting module can charge the measuring unit;
the main controller is in signal connection with the driving unit and is in wireless connection with external equipment through the communication processor.
Preferably, the main control unit is also provided with a debugging App module;
the communication processor comprises a server communication module, an App communication module and a measurement unit communication module;
the server communication module, the App communication module and the measuring unit communication module are respectively in signal connection with the measuring server, the debugging App module and the measuring unit.
Preferably, the driving unit includes a pay-off driver, a pay-off detector, and an encoder wheel;
the pay-off driver is in signal connection with the main control unit and can drive the driving wheel to rotate, and the encoder wheel moves along with the driving rope and is used for detecting the movement condition of the driving rope;
the pay-off detector is provided with an encoder and can detect the rotation condition of the encoder wheel.
Preferably, a mechanical zero detector is arranged on the driving unit, and the mechanical zero detector comprises a photoelectric tube, a photoelectric driving circuit and a light shielding plate;
the photoelectric driving circuit is electrically connected with the photoelectric tube, the light shielding plate is installed on the measuring unit, and the photoelectric tube is in signal connection with the main control unit.
Preferably, the measuring unit comprises a measuring chip, a measuring unit battery, a wireless charging module, a connecting sleeve and a diagonal measuring rod;
the measuring chip, the measuring unit battery and the wireless charging module are arranged inside the connecting sleeve;
the top end of the connecting sleeve is used for connecting one end of a driving rope, the bottom end of the connecting sleeve is connected with the upper end of the inclination measuring rod, and the lower end of the inclination measuring rod is connected with the other end of the driving rope;
the wireless charging module is electrically connected with the measuring unit battery;
the measuring unit battery is used for supplying power to the measuring chip;
the measuring chip is in signal connection with the wireless charging module.
The invention provides a pay-off control method for full-automatic measurement of geological motion deformation, which comprises the following steps:
s1: the method comprises the following steps that a main control unit generates a measurement task according to measurement parameters and informs a measurement unit of the measurement task, wherein the measurement parameters comprise a measurement period, a measurement depth and a measurement distance;
s2: the main control unit decomposes the measurement task into a plurality of measurement sub-steps;
s3: the main control unit sends out a control command according to the measuring sub-steps, and the driving unit receives the control command and executes a paying-off task according to the requirements of the measuring sub-steps;
s4: and finishing the whole measurement task.
Preferably, the S3 includes the following sub-steps:
s3.1: the main control unit generates a control instruction and sends the control instruction to the driving unit so as to enable a stepping motor of the driving unit to act;
s3.2: a pay-off detector in the driving unit detects the pay-off distance and feeds back detection information to the main control unit;
s3.3: the main control unit adjusts the speed of the stepping motor according to the task target and the obtained detection information;
s3.4: when the rotation angle of the encoder wheel meets the task requirement, entering a correction mode, and correcting the deviation caused by mechanical reasons;
s3.5: and after the task requirement is met, the main control unit enables the stepping motor to stop rotating, and the single paying-off step is finished.
The invention provides a full-automatic measuring method of geological motion deformation, which comprises the following steps:
m1: the main control unit enables the driving unit to move the measuring unit to the mechanical zero point based on the information obtained from the mechanical zero point detector;
m2: the main control unit establishes communication with the measuring unit and sends the measuring task and the sub-step to the measuring unit;
m3: the main control unit and the measuring unit are synchronous and start measuring tasks at the same time;
m4: the main control unit controls the driving unit to drive the measuring unit to move to the bottom of the inclinometer pipe;
m5: the main control unit controls the driving unit to drive the measuring unit to move upwards at variable speed;
m6: the measuring unit repeatedly performs the measurement according to the requirements of each measuring sub-step;
m7: the measuring unit moves upwards to a mechanical zero point to complete one-time measurement;
m8: the main control unit is in communication connection with the measuring unit, and the measuring unit transmits the measuring data to the main control unit to complete the measuring task.
Preferably, the M6 includes the following sub-steps:
m6.1: the measuring unit is driven by the movement of the driving rope at t1Rise in time by 50 cm;
m6.2: waiting for a safe redundancy time t2；
M6.3: the measuring unit is awakened, the measuring chip is activated to start measuring the angle value, the data is stored in the temporary storage chip, and the required time t3；
M6.4: when the measurement is completed, the measurement unit sleeps.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention can realize the full-automatic measurement of the geological deformation under the condition of long-term no human intervention, and the annular driving structure formed by the fixed pulley or the pulley block and the steel wire rope only drives the steel wire rope to act but not drives the counterweight block to act so as to realize the measurement of the geological deformation.
2. The invention has no cable retracting mechanism, avoids the defect of increased cable accommodating volume caused by different measuring depths when the cable retracting mechanism is used for measuring in the prior art, saves the cable retracting mechanism structure, is simpler, and meets the requirement of field construction equipment miniaturization, so the invention has the advantages of small system occupation space, convenient installation, low cost and the like.
3. The invention avoids the situation that the measuring unit can not be taken out after the balance weight is clamped due to the deformation of the inclinometer pipe in the prior art, and the movement of the driving rope is still not influenced after the balance weight is clamped, so that the measuring unit can be conveniently taken out, and the invention has higher flexibility and capability of coping with faults.
4. The invention avoids the situation that the measuring precision is influenced by the fact that the driving rope is stretched and lengthened due to the influence of the depth of the driving rope entering the inclinometer pipe in the prior art, reduces the influence of the outside on the measuring quality, and has higher measuring precision and more accurate measuring result.
5. The invention realizes remote control through communication with remote equipment, realizes monitoring with different frequencies according to requirements, and meets the monitoring requirements of different construction stages.
6. The measurement unit in the invention adopts wireless charging, can start a charging mode at any time according to the electric quantity condition implemented by the battery, and realizes the requirement of ultra-long-time standby measurement.
7. When the measuring unit in the invention enters the depth of the inclinometer and the communication is unavailable, the measured data can be temporarily stored, and the measured data can be transmitted after the measured data moves to the position with the communication signal on the upper part of the inclinometer, so that the integrity of the measured data in the depth is effectively ensured, and the measurement quality is improved.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a main control unit;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a driving unit in embodiment 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a measurement unit;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a driving unit in embodiment 3;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving unit in embodiment 4.
The figures show that:
drive unit 1 drive rope 27
Measuring unit 3 counterweight 29
Second limiting wheel 30 of inclinometer 4
The communication processor 12 measures the unit cell 32
Wireless charging transmission module 14 switches on and off electric induction device 34
The pay-off drive 21 is connected to the casing 36
Pay-off detector 22 inclinometer bar 37
Mechanical zero detector 23 limiting pulley 38
Driving wheel 24 hitch coupler 40
First 26 and third 42 spacing wheels
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
the invention provides a full-automatic measuring system for geological motion deformation, which comprises a driving unit 1, a main control unit 2, a measuring unit 3 and an inclinometer 4, wherein the driving unit 1 comprises a driving wheel 24, a driving rope 27 and a following wheel 28, the driving wheel 24 is arranged above the top of the inclinometer 4, the following wheel 28 is arranged at the bottom of the inclinometer 4, the driving rope 27 is annularly arranged, the top end of the driving rope 27 is sleeved on the driving wheel 24, and the bottom end of the driving rope 27 is sleeved on the following wheel 28; the main control unit 2 can control the driving wheel 24 to rotate and drive the follower wheel 28 to rotate through the driving rope 27, the measuring unit 3 is installed on the driving rope 27, for example, the measuring unit 3 is hung on the driving rope 27, the measuring unit 3 can move along with the driving rope 27 to detect the deformation of each part of the inclinometer 4, and the measuring unit 3 monitors the deformation data of the inclinometer 4, has a storage function, and is in communication connection with the main control unit 2. Specifically, the inclinometer 4 is buried in a soil body to be measured, the main control unit 2 sends a control command to further enable the driving unit 1 to drive the measuring unit 3 to move up and down in the inclinometer 4, the measuring unit 3 measures and records the inclination angle of the inclinometer 4 and packs and sends data to the main control unit 2, and the main control unit 2 sends the received data to the measuring server.
Specifically, the inclinometer 4 is used for sensing soil deformation and protecting the measuring unit 3, the inclinometer 4 is preferably made of plastic or aluminum alloy and other materials, four guide grooves are formed in the inclinometer 4, an included angle of 90 degrees is formed between every two adjacent guide grooves, the inclinometer 4 is buried in the soil to be measured and deforms along with the deformation of the soil, and the measuring unit 3 detects the deformation of the guide grooves.
The driving rope 27 in the present invention is preferably a steel wire rope, and other ropes meeting the requirements can be selected according to the actual application scenario to meet the requirements of the actual application.
It should be noted that, in order to increase the stability of the present invention during the detection process, the following wheel 28 is designed to have a certain weight according to the measurement and calculation of the friction force in the rotation process, so as to adapt to the stability of the equipment during the detection process, in a preferred embodiment, the following wheel 28 is further provided with a counterweight 29, and the effect of adjusting the motion stability of the present invention can be achieved by hanging a proper counterweight.
Specifically, the main control unit 2 is used for coordinating each module of the system to work, and is responsible for initiating and scheduling measurement tasks, collecting data, processing and forwarding data, the main control unit 2 comprises a main controller 11, a communication processor 12, a power supply module 13 and a wireless charging transmitting module 14, the power module 13 is used for supplying power to the main control unit 2, the power module 13 provides a stable direct current power supply for the main control unit 2 and provides a power monitoring and collecting interface, the power module 13 comprises a power module battery, a solar charging module, a power detection circuit and a voltage stabilizing and discharging circuit, the wireless charging and transmitting module 14 can charge the measuring unit 3, the wireless charging and transmitting module 14 comprises a charging and transmitting circuit and a transmitting coil, when the electric quantity of the measuring unit 3 is detected to be lower than the set value, the wireless charging function is started to charge the measuring unit 3 so as to ensure the normal operation of the measuring unit 3. The main controller 11 runs the core software of the measuring system, the main controller 11 sends a motion instruction to the driving unit 1 and receives a detection signal fed back by the driving unit 1, and the main controller 11 and the communication processor 12 exchange information to realize communication with an external system or equipment.
Further, a debugging App module 15 is further arranged in the main control unit 2, and the main controller 11 is in signal connection with the driving unit 1 and is in wireless connection with an external device wireless server through the communication processor 12. The communication processor 12 comprises three communication processing modules, namely a server communication module, a measurement unit communication module and an App communication module, and is respectively communicated with the measurement server, the measurement unit 3 and the debugging App module 15 by using a wireless communication technology, and is in wireless connection with the debugging mobile phone by debugging the App module 15.
The invention has no field operation panel, uses the debugging mobile phone to download App to realize the debugging and monitoring operation of the system, and switches the working mode of the system by debugging the mobile phone App: and debugging and running, wherein parameters can be configured, time calibration can be performed, one-time standard measurement can be performed, the system can be reset, system parameters can be checked, design parameters can be downloaded from a measurement server, the communication condition with the server can be looked up, the running state of the system can be checked in a running mode, and data can be uploaded to the measurement server.
Further, the debugging mobile phone App is used for debugging equipment, and communicates with the main controller 11 through the communication processor 12 of the main control unit 2, after the equipment is installed, the debugging mobile phone App is used for configuring parameters of the equipment, correcting equipment time, and after the equipment is confirmed to work normally, setting the equipment to be in a normal working state, and enabling the equipment to start to work normally.
Specifically, drive unit 1 includes unwrapping wire driver 21, unwrapping wire detector 22 and encoder wheel 25, unwrapping wire driver 21 with main control unit 2 signal connection can order about drive wheel 24 rotates, encoder wheel 25 follows drive rope 27 motion for detect the motion condition of drive rope 27, be provided with the encoder on the unwrapping wire detector 22, unwrapping wire detector 22 detects encoder wheel 25 rotates the condition, is used for detecting the unwrapping wire distance, and then can obtain the ascending distance or the decline distance of drive rope 27. The paying-off detector 22 is further provided with a driving circuit, the paying-off detector 22 is connected with the encoder wheel 25 through a coupler, the encoder wheel 25 is driven to rotate by the movement of the steel wire rope, the encoder outputs a pulse signal, and the main controller 11 collects the pulse signal and calculates the movement distance of the steel wire rope through a conversion algorithm and a correction algorithm.
Furthermore, a pay-off driver 21 of the driving unit 1 comprises a driving circuit and a stepping motor, the pay-off driver 21 receives a motion instruction from the main controller to generate a pulse signal, the stepping motor is driven to rotate, the stepping motor drives a driving wheel 24 to rotate, the driving wheel 24 drives a steel wire rope to move through friction force, and the steel wire rope pulls the measuring unit 3 to move in the inclinometer 4.
Further, a mechanical zero detector 23 is arranged on the driving unit 1, the mechanical zero detector 23 includes a photoelectric tube, a photoelectric driving circuit and a light shielding plate 232, the photoelectric driving circuit is electrically connected to the photoelectric tube, the light shielding plate 232 is installed on the measuring unit 3, and the photoelectric tube is in signal connection with the main control unit 2.
Specifically, the measuring unit 3 is used for measuring the included angle between the axis of the inclinometer 4 and the plumb line, and comprises a measuring chip 31, a measuring unit battery 32, a wireless charging module 35, a connecting sleeve 36 and an inclinometer rod 37, the measuring chip 31, the measuring unit battery 32 and the wireless charging module 35 are installed inside the connecting sleeve 36, the top end of the connecting sleeve 36 is used for connecting one end of the driving rope 27, the bottom end of the connecting sleeve 36 is connected with the upper end of the diagonal rod 37, the lower end of the inclination measuring rod 37 is connected with the other end of the driving rope 27, the wireless charging module 35 is electrically connected with the measuring unit battery 32, the measurement cell 32 is used for supplying power to the measurement chip 31, the measurement chip 31 is in signal connection with the wireless charging module 35, and the measurement chip 31 preferably uses a MEMS chip as a core measurement chip.
Micro-Electro-Mechanical systems (MEMS), which refers to high-tech devices with dimensions of several millimeters or less, are small, easy to install and use, and are very suitable for measuring angular tilt in the present invention.
The invention also provides a pay-off control method for fully automatically measuring the geological motion deformation, which comprises the following steps:
s1: the main control unit 2 generates a measurement task according to measurement parameters and informs the measurement unit 3 of the measurement task, wherein the measurement parameters comprise a measurement period, a measurement depth and a measurement distance;
s2: the main control unit 2 decomposes the measurement task into a plurality of measurement sub-steps;
s3: the main control unit 2 sends out a control command according to the plurality of measuring sub-steps, and the driving unit 1 receives the control command and executes the paying-off task according to the requirements of the measuring sub-steps, specifically, the method further comprises the following steps:
s3.1: the main control unit 2 generates a control instruction and sends the control instruction to the driving unit 1 so as to enable a stepping motor of the driving unit 1 to act;
s3.2: the paying-off detector 22 in the driving unit 1 detects paying-off distance and feeds back detection information to the main control unit 2;
s3.3: the main control unit 2 adjusts the speed of the stepping motor according to the task target and the obtained detection information;
s3.4: when the rotation angle of the encoder wheel 25 meets the task requirement, entering a correction mode to correct the deviation caused by mechanical reasons;
s3.5: and after the task requirement is met, the main control unit 2 enables the stepping motor to stop rotating, and the single paying-off step is finished.
S4: and finishing the whole measurement task.
The invention also provides a full-automatic measuring method of the geological motion deformation, which comprises the following steps:
m1: the main control unit 2 instructs the drive unit 1 to move the measuring unit 3 to the mechanical zero point based on the information obtained from the mechanical zero point detector 23; the mechanical zero point detector 23 is used for positioning a measurement basic position of the system, which is called as a mechanical zero point, the light shielding plate 232 moves up and down along with the measurement unit 3 to form on-off signals for the photoelectric tube, the on-off signals are fed back to the main controller 11, and the main controller 11 judges the mechanical zero point of the measurement unit 3 according to the on-off signals, the movement direction and the measurement task execution state of the photoelectric tube. Each measurement starts from the mechanical zero point, and when the measurement unit 3 returns to the mechanical zero point to complete a measurement task, the main controller 11 establishes communication with the measurement unit 3 and acquires all data of the measurement.
M2: the main control unit 2 establishes communication with the measuring unit 3 and sends a measuring task and the sub-steps to the measuring unit 3;
m3: the main control unit 2 and the measuring unit 3 are synchronous and start measuring tasks at the same time;
m4: the main control unit 2 controls the driving unit 1 to drive the measuring unit 3 to move to the bottom of the inclinometer pipe 4;
m5: the main control unit 2 controls the driving unit 1 to drive the measuring unit 3 to move upwards in a variable speed;
m6: the measurement unit 3 repeatedly performs measurement according to the requirements of each measurement sub-step, and specifically includes:
m6.1: the drive rope 27 moves to drive the measuring unit 3 at t1Rise in time by 50 cm;
m6.2: waiting for a safe redundancy time t2；
M6.3: the measuring unit 3 is awakened, the measuring chip 31 is activated to start measuring the angle value, the data is stored in the temporary storage chip, and the required time t3；
M6.4: this measurement is completed and the measurement unit 3 sleeps.
M7: the measuring unit 3 moves upwards to a mechanical zero point to complete one-time measurement;
m8: the main control unit 2 and the measuring unit 3 are in communication connection, and the measuring unit 3 transmits the measuring data to the main control unit 2 to complete the measuring task.
Example 2
The present embodiment is a variation of embodiment 1, and the present invention provides a full-automatic measuring system for a geological motion deformation, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, including a driving unit 1, a main control unit 2, a measuring unit 3, and an inclinometer 4, where the main control unit 2 controls the driving unit 1 to operate, the driving unit 1 is connected to the measuring unit 3 through a steel wire rope, the driving unit 1 operates to drive the measuring unit 3 to move in the inclinometer 4, and the measuring unit 3 automatically measures a deformation amount of the inclinometer 4.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the driving unit 1 further includes a first limiting wheel 26 and a second limiting wheel 30, and two sides of the encoder wheel 25 respectively realize the rotation of the encoder wheel 25 under the driving of the driving rope 27 by the redirection guide of the first limiting wheel 26 and the second limiting wheel 30 to the driving rope 27, so as to meet the requirement of a certain installation space.
The driving unit 1 is a main energy consumption mechanism of the system, the fixed pulley is used in the embodiment to reduce the work required by the movement of the traction measuring unit 3, and the energy consumption of the whole system is greatly reduced because the counterweight block 29 is not pulled to move up and down. The counterweight 29 is typically heavy in order to straighten the wire rope. The innovation point brings benefits of small occupied space of the system, convenience in installation, cost reduction and the like, and the system has the characteristics of small motor, small-capacity battery, no wire spool, long-time standby and the like.
The driving unit 1 in the invention drives the steel wire rope to move, so that a larger friction force is needed, the system increases the enveloping angle by additionally arranging the limiting wheel, as shown in fig. 3, when the steel wire rope moves, the encoder wheel 25 is driven to rotate, the moving distance of the steel wire rope is converted into the rotating angle of the encoder wheel 25, the steel wire rope can be straightened by the pulley with the counterweight block 29, and the steel wire rope is structurally designed with a separation-preventing device of the steel wire rope to ensure that the steel wire rope cannot be separated from the pulley.
The measuring unit 3 further comprises a wireless communication module 33, an on-off electric induction device 34, a limiting pulley 38, a steel wire rope limiting ring 39 and a hanging joint 40, wherein the hanging joint 40 is used for hanging the steel wire rope at the upper end of the measuring unit 3, and the lower end of the measuring unit 3 is connected with the steel wire rope through a steel wire rope hanging hole 41. The hanging connector 40 is connected to the connecting sleeve 36 through screws, the connecting sleeve 36 is a cylindrical container with a hollow interior and is made of metal and plastic materials, the connecting sleeve 36 is used for protecting internal electronic components, the electronic components comprise the measuring chip 31, the measuring unit battery 32, the wireless communication module 33, the on-off electric induction device 34 and the wireless charging module 35, one end of the connecting sleeve 36 is connected with the hanging connector 40, the other end of the connecting sleeve 36 is connected with the inclined measuring rod 37, the connecting sleeve 36 needs to bear large pressure, such as 10Bar, and therefore glue pouring measures are taken for increasing the strength of the connecting sleeve 36.
The inclinometer rod 37 serves as a structural body of the whole measuring unit 3 and is provided with a steel wire rope limiting device, such as a steel wire rope limiting ring 39, the steel wire rope limiting device is used for protecting a steel wire rope from being wound on the limiting pulley 38, and the bottom of the inclinometer rod 37 can be connected with the steel wire rope for hanging the counterweight block 29. The manufacturing material of the inclination measuring rod 37 is aluminum alloy, the weight is light, but the rigidity is high, the situation that the inclination measuring rod cannot be twisted or bent and deformed in the measuring process is guaranteed, and the distance between the mounting holes of the two pairs of limiting pulleys 38 is 50 cm.
Further, the wire rope limiting ring 39 is used for preventing the wire rope from being hinged into the limiting pulley 38 during movement, and preferably, the wire rope limiting ring 39 is a pair of circular rings which are respectively installed on the inclination measuring rod 37, and the position on the inclination measuring rod 37 is as close to the limiting pulley 38 as possible, so that the wire rope passes through the wire rope limiting ring 39 when moving near the limiting pulley 38.
The limiting pulley 38 rolls in a wire guide groove of the inclinometer tube 4, and an elastic clamp spring device on the limiting pulley 38 ensures that the inclinometer rod 37 moves on a central line in the inclinometer tube 4. The limiting pulley 38 is used for ensuring that the measuring unit 3 moves smoothly in the inclinometer 4, and the inclinometer rod 37 can move on the central line in the inclinometer 4. The limiting pulleys 38 are divided into two pairs and are arranged on the inclination measuring rod 37. Every to spacing pulley includes connecting rod, a torsional spring, a pair of rotating wheel, and the connecting rod can be connected on surveying down tube 37, and the central point of connecting rod puts the trompil assembly torsional spring, and the torsional spring provides tension for spacing pulley opens as far as possible in deviational survey pipe 4 and keeps away from surveying down tube 37, consequently, surveys down tube 37 and is in the central point of deviational survey pipe 4 basically in the position that spacing pulley 38 was located.
The measurement chip 31 is a core component of the measurement unit 3, and detects an included angle between the inclinometer bar 37 and the plumb line; wireless communication module 33 is used for carrying out the information interaction with main control unit 2, measurement chip 31 control wireless communication module 33 and main control unit 2 communication, receive the task, the transmission data, when the measurement unit moves to the depths, probably lead to the condition of wireless communication module 33 communication interrupt, measurement chip 31 has the temporary storage function this moment, with measured data temporary storage treat to resume after the communication again with measured data through wireless communication module 33 transport for main control unit 2, the integrality of data acquisition has been guaranteed, measured reliability has been guaranteed. The wireless communication module 33 is installed in the connecting sleeve 36, the measuring chip 31 is made to be horizontal and tightly attached to the bottom of the connecting sleeve 36 as much as possible during assembly, the wireless charging module 33 charges the measuring unit battery 32 in the measuring unit 3, the on-off induction device 34 realizes automatic power off when the measuring unit 3 does not work, automatic power on when the measuring unit 3 works, and power consumption of the measuring unit 3 is saved.
The overall measurement process is as follows:
1. preparation of measurement:
step 1: the main controller 11 moves the measuring unit 3 to the mechanical zero point by the driving unit 1 in conjunction with the mechanical zero point detector 23;
step 2: the main controller 11 establishes communication with the measuring unit 3 and sends the measuring task and the sub-steps to the measuring unit 3;
and step 3: the main controller 11 synchronizes time with the measuring unit 3 and starts a task at the same time;
2. measurement is carried out
And 4, step 4: the main control unit 2 controls the driving unit 1, and the measuring unit 3 is quickly placed at the bottom of the inclinometer pipe 4;
and 5: the main control unit 2 controls the driving unit 1 to pull up the measuring unit 3 at variable speed;
step 6: the measurement unit 3 repeatedly performs measurements according to the requirements of the respective measurement sub-steps, in particular:
step 6.1: the steel wire rope moves to drive the measuring unit to t1Rising by 50cm within time;
step 6.2: waiting for a safe redundancy time t2；
Step 6.3: the measuring unit 3 is awakened, the measuring chip 31 is activated to start measuring the angle value, the data is stored in the temporary storage chip, and the required time t3；
Step 6.4: when the measurement is finished, the measurement unit 3 sleeps;
and 7: the measuring unit 3 moves up to the mechanical zero point to complete one measurement.
And 8: the main controller 11 establishes communication connection with the measuring unit 3, and the measuring unit 3 transmits data to the main control unit 2;
and step 9: and finishing the whole measurement task.
Specifically, in the measuring process, the main controller 11 sends a motion command to the driving unit 1, the driving unit 1 executes the command to drive the measuring unit 3 to move downwards in the inclinometer 4, meanwhile, the main controller 11 monitors the position of the measuring unit 3 through the mechanical zero point detector 23 of the driving unit 1, when the measuring unit 3 moves to the mechanical zero point, a signal is triggered, the main controller 11 informs the driving unit 1 to stop operating, and at the moment, the measuring unit 3 is at the mechanical zero point position, so that the subsequent measuring task can be performed.
Further, the on-off electric induction switch 34 of the measurement unit 3 works to wake up the measurement unit 3 to start working, and the measurement unit 3 starts the wireless communication module 33 to wait for the instruction of the main controller 11.
The main controller 11 establishes communication connection with the measurement unit 3 through the communication processor 12, sends a measurement task, synchronizes time, and starts the measurement task. The main controller 11 controls the driving unit 1 to move the measuring unit 3 to a measuring start position, then the measuring task is repeatedly executed according to the requirements of each measuring sub-step, after all measuring sub-tasks are completed, the main controller 11 moves the measuring unit 3 to a mechanical zero point, meanwhile, the communication connection is established with the measuring unit 3, the measuring unit 3 transmits data to the main controller 11, the main controller 11 calculates and processes the data, and sends the data to the measuring server through the communication processor 12, and the whole measuring task is completed.
The measurement sub-steps are carried out according to the following process, the main controller 11 generates a control command according to the measurement task, drives the stepping motor to act, and the steel wire rope moves to drive the measurement unit 3 to t1Rising 50cm in time, waiting for safe redundant time t2The measuring unit 3 finishes measuring the angle value in the sleep state and stores the data in a temporary storage chip for the required time t3When the measurement is finished, the measurement unit 3 starts to sleep until the next measurement cycle is finished.
The single paying-off task is carried out according to the following process, the main controller 11 generates a control instruction according to the measurement task to drive the stepping motor to act, the steel wire rope moves to drive the encoder wheel 25 to rotate, the rotating angle of the encoder wheel 25 is detected through the paying-off detector 22, the main controller 11 adjusts the speed of the motor according to the received feedback signal and a task target, when the rotating angle of the encoder 25 meets the task requirement, a correction mode is entered, the small deviation caused by mechanical reasons is corrected, after the task requirement is met, an instruction is sent to drive the motor to stop rotating, and the single paying-off step is finished.
Wherein, when the driving unit 1 works, the paying-off driver 21 receives a control instruction of the main controller 11, a pulse signal is generated, the stepping motor is controlled to rotate, the stepping motor is connected with the driving wheel 24 through a coupler, the stepping motor drives the driving wheel 24 to rotate, and then drives the steel wire rope to move, the steel wire rope bypasses the balancing weight 29 to connect the measuring unit 3, and is connected with the first limit wheel 26, the encoder wheel 25 is connected, when the steel wire rope moves, the measuring unit 3 can be driven to move, and the encoder wheel 25 is driven to rotate, the paying-off detector 22 detects the rotation condition of the encoding wheel 25, the main controller 11 is informed, the main controller 11 controls the motor to act in a closed-loop mode according.
The follow-up wheel 28, the driving wheel 24, the coding wheel 25 and the steel wire rope form a circular reciprocating motion system, which is one of the core innovation points of the system, skillfully utilizes the structural principle of the fixed pulley, greatly reduces the power consumption of the pulling measuring unit, greatly reduces the overall energy consumption, finally can use a small motor, a small battery and a small solar panel, does not need a wire spool, enables the equipment to be used for a long time in rainy weather, and has the advantages of low cost, small occupied space, convenience in installation, convenience in construction, strong adaptability and the like.
The first limiting wheel 26 and/or the second limiting wheel 30 are used for increasing the enveloping angle of the steel wire rope bypassing the driving wheel 24 and the encoding wheel 25, increasing the friction force, improving the capability of the driving unit 1 to overcome complex environments, and ensuring the stable work of the measuring unit 3 in the inclinometer 4.
The counterweight 29 is used for straightening the steel wire rope and ensuring that the measuring unit 3 moves to an accurate position, wherein a pulley on the counterweight is a design case shown in fig. 3, and the structure of the counterweight can ensure that the steel wire rope cannot be separated from the pulley in the installation and moving processes.
The mechanical zero detector 23 comprises a pair of photoelectric tubes, a light screen 232 and a photoelectric driving circuit, the photoelectric tubes are arranged at the opening 4 of the inclinometer, and the light screen 232 is arranged at the top of the measuring unit 3; when the measuring unit 3 goes down, the drive circuit controls the photoelectric tube to emit light, at this time, the light shielding plate 232 blocks the light, the receiving tube does not receive a signal, the light shielding plate 232 fails along with the downward movement of the measuring unit 3, the receiving tube receives the signal, the position is judged to be a mechanical zero point, and the main controller 11 is informed; when the measuring unit 3 moves upwards, the driving circuit controls the photoelectric emission tube to emit light, at this time, the light shielding plate 232 does not block the light, the receiving tube receives a signal, the light shielding plate 232 blocks the light along with the upward movement of the measuring unit 3, the photoelectric tube does not receive the signal, the position is judged to be a mechanical zero point, and the main controller 11 is informed.
Example 3:
based on embodiment 2, the driving unit 1 can be improved as shown in fig. 5, and this embodiment mainly changes the arrangement of the driving wheel 24, the encoder wheel 25 and the first limiting wheel 26, so that the whole floor space in the horizontal direction is smaller, and more space is occupied in the vertical direction, and the driving unit is mainly suitable for the situation that the space in the horizontal direction of a construction site is limited.
Example 4:
this embodiment is a modification of embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, and the driving unit 1 may be modified as shown in fig. 6, and this embodiment mainly includes adding a third limiting wheel 42, and changing the arrangement of the driving wheel 24, the encoder wheel 25, and the third limiting wheel 42, so that the main body portion can be installed at a position away from the inclinometer nozzle, and is mainly suitable for a situation where the installation space of a construction site is limited.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (10)
1. A full-automatic measuring system of ground motion deflection, its characterized in that includes:
the driving unit (1) comprises a driving wheel (24), a driving rope (27) and a follow-up wheel (28), wherein the driving wheel (24) is installed above the top of the inclinometer pipe (4), the follow-up wheel (28) is installed at the bottom of the inclinometer pipe (4), the top end of the driving rope (27) is sleeved on the driving wheel (24), and the bottom end of the driving rope (27) is sleeved on the follow-up wheel (28);
the main control unit (2) can control the driving wheel (24) to rotate to drive the driving rope (27) to drive the follow-up wheel (28) to rotate;
the measuring unit (3) is installed on the driving rope (27) and can follow the driving rope (27) to move, monitors the deformation data of the inclinometer pipe (4), has a storage function, and is in communication connection with the main control unit (2).
2. The system for the full-automatic measurement of the geological motion deformation according to claim 1, wherein the main control unit (2) comprises a main controller (11), a communication processor (12), a power supply module (13) and a wireless charging and transmitting module (14);
the power supply module (13) is used for supplying power to the main control unit (2), and the wireless charging transmitting module (14) can charge the measuring unit (3);
the main controller (11) is in signal connection with the driving unit (1) and is in wireless connection with external equipment through the communication processor (12).
3. The system for fully automatically measuring the geological motion deformation according to claim 2, characterized in that a debugging App module (15) is further arranged in the main control unit (2);
the communication processor (12) comprises a server communication module, an App communication module and a measurement unit communication module;
the server communication module, the App communication module and the measuring unit communication module are respectively in signal connection with the measuring server, the debugging App module (15) and the measuring unit (3).
4. The system for the fully automatic measurement of the amount of deformation of geological motion according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive unit (1) comprises a pay-off drive (21), a pay-off detector (22) and an encoder wheel (25);
the pay-off driver (21) is in signal connection with the main control unit (2) and can drive the driving wheel (24) to rotate, and the encoder wheel (25) moves along with the driving rope (27) and is used for detecting the movement condition of the driving rope (27);
an encoder is arranged on the pay-off detector (22), and the pay-off detector (22) can detect the rotation condition of the encoder wheel (25).
5. The system for the full-automatic measurement of the geological motion deformation according to claim 4, characterized in that a mechanical zero detector (23) is arranged on the driving unit (1), wherein the mechanical zero detector (23) comprises a photoelectric tube, a photoelectric driving circuit and a light shielding plate (232);
the photoelectric driving circuit is electrically connected with the photoelectric tube, the light shielding plate (232) is installed on the measuring unit (3), and the photoelectric tube is in signal connection with the main control unit (2).
6. The system for the full-automatic measurement of the geological motion deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that the measuring unit (3) comprises a measuring chip (31), a measuring unit battery (32), a wireless charging module (35), a connecting sleeve (36) and a sway bar (37);
the measuring chip (31), the measuring unit battery (32) and the wireless charging module (35) are arranged inside the connecting sleeve (36);
the top end of the connecting sleeve (36) is used for connecting one end of a driving rope (27), the bottom end of the connecting sleeve (36) is connected with the upper end of the inclination measuring rod (37), and the lower end of the inclination measuring rod (37) is connected with the other end of the driving rope (27);
the wireless charging module (35) is electrically connected with the measuring unit battery (32);
the measuring cell (32) is used for supplying power to the measuring chip (31);
the measuring chip (31) is in signal connection with the wireless charging module (35).
7. A pay-off control method for full-automatic measurement of geological motion deformation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: the main control unit (2) generates a measurement task according to measurement parameters and informs the measurement unit (3) of the measurement task, wherein the measurement parameters comprise a measurement period, a measurement depth and a measurement distance;
s2: the main control unit (2) decomposes the measurement task into a plurality of measurement sub-steps;
s3: the main control unit (2) sends out a control command according to the plurality of measuring sub-steps, and the driving unit (1) receives the control command and executes a paying-off task according to the requirements of the measuring sub-steps;
s4: and finishing the whole measurement task.
8. The pay-off control method for the full-automatic measurement of the geological motion deformation amount according to claim 7, wherein the S3 comprises the following sub-steps:
s3.1: the main control unit (2) generates a control instruction and sends the control instruction to the driving unit (1) so as to enable a stepping motor of the driving unit (1) to act;
s3.2: a pay-off detector (22) in the driving unit (1) detects the pay-off distance and feeds back detection information to the main control unit (2);
s3.3: the main control unit (2) adjusts the speed of the stepping motor according to the task target and the obtained detection information;
s3.4: when the rotation angle of the encoder wheel (25) meets the task requirement, entering a correction mode to correct the deviation caused by mechanical reasons;
s3.5: and after the task requirement is met, the main control unit (2) enables the stepping motor to stop rotating, and the single paying-off step is finished.
9. A full-automatic measuring method of geological motion deformation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
m1: the main control unit (2) enables the driving unit (1) to move the measuring unit (3) to the mechanical zero point based on the information obtained from the mechanical zero point detector (23);
m2: the main control unit (2) establishes communication with the measuring unit (3) and sends the measuring task and the sub-steps to the measuring unit (3);
m3: the main control unit (2) and the measuring unit (3) are synchronous and start measuring tasks at the same time;
m4: the main control unit (2) controls the driving unit (1) to drive the measuring unit (3) to move to the bottom of the inclinometer pipe (4);
m5: the main control unit (2) controls the driving unit (1) to drive the measuring unit (3) to move upwards in a variable speed manner;
m6: the measuring unit (3) repeatedly performs measurements according to the requirements of the respective measuring sub-steps;
m7: the measuring unit (3) moves upwards to a mechanical zero point to complete one-time measurement;
m8: the main control unit (2) is in communication connection with the measuring unit (3), and the measuring unit (3) transmits the measuring data to the main control unit (2) to complete the measuring task.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the M6 comprises the following sub-steps:
m6.1: the driving rope (27) moves to drive the measuring unit (3) to move at t1Rise in time by 50 cm;
m6.2: waiting for a safe redundancy time t2；
M6.3: the measuring unit (3) is awakened, the measuring chip (31) is activated to start measuring the angle value, data is stored in the temporary storage chip, and the required time t3；
M6.4: when the measurement is finished, the measurement unit (3) sleeps.
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