CN112393707A - Shallow soil cave recognition early warning device and using method thereof - Google Patents
Shallow soil cave recognition early warning device and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112393707A CN112393707A CN202011283654.1A CN202011283654A CN112393707A CN 112393707 A CN112393707 A CN 112393707A CN 202011283654 A CN202011283654 A CN 202011283654A CN 112393707 A CN112393707 A CN 112393707A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/02—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness
- G01B21/08—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness for measuring thickness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/18—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring depth
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Abstract
The invention discloses a shallow soil cave recognition early warning device and a using method thereof. The device achieves the dual purposes of soil cave hidden danger identification and ground collapse early warning by the aid of the matching operation of the rhombic detection head, the detection tube and the steel balls, is suitable for being arranged in areas with high probability of ground collapse and is used for monitoring and early warning for a long time, and when the device is hammered into a soil layer for detection, the detection tube can be effectively protected by the aid of the pointed rods of the piles, so that the detection tube is prevented from being distorted when the device is hammered into the soil layer, the steel balls cannot effectively fall in the detection tube, and soil cave detection is influenced; due to the arrangement of the sliding block and the sliding rail, the connecting rod, the rhombic detecting head and the steel ball can be effectively prevented from falling into the soil cave and being incapable of being taken out, so that resource waste is caused; when the diamond-shaped detecting head is damaged and needs to be replaced, the baffle plate, the sliding rod, the positioning block and the pressure spring are arranged, so that the diamond-shaped detecting head is more convenient and effective to disassemble and assemble, and the replacement work efficiency is higher.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of identification and early warning of hidden ground collapse hazards, in particular to a shallow soil cave identification and early warning device.
Background
Due to the migration of underground substances, cavities are generated in the soil layer, which may cause the ground to sink or even suddenly collapse. The causes of soil cavity include two factors, natural and human activities. The ground collapse caused by natural factors is mostly generated in a karst development area with covering soil, and soil above a rock surface is lost and migrated under the action forces of self-weight stress, groundwater seepage force and the like to form a cavity in the soil. The human factors mainly include underground resource exploitation, underground engineering construction, underground pipeline leakage and the like, which cause the soil layer to be disturbed and hollowed to form a soil hole.
Soil caverns are a hidden unfavorable geological phenomenon that may eventually result in a geological disaster or an engineering accident. A large number of engineering practices prove that the process of forming and developing the soil cave is the inoculation stage of ground subsidence, and is the key period of monitoring and early warning of geological disasters or engineering accidents. The existing soil holes can only be detected, the process of rapid expansion from bottom to top of the new soil holes cannot be identified, the purpose of monitoring and early warning cannot be achieved, and great engineering hidden dangers are brought to ground collapse prevention and control.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the existing problems, the invention provides a shallow soil cave identification early warning device.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a shallow soil hole recognition early warning device comprises a ground body, wherein a mounting groove is formed in the top surface of the ground body, a barrel is arranged in the mounting groove, a T-shaped cover cap is in threaded connection with the top surface of the barrel, the T-shaped cover cap is fixedly connected with the ground body through a plurality of fixing bolts, a lantern ring is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the barrel, a plurality of pile sharp rods are fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the lantern ring and are arranged in an annular equidistant mode, a detection tube is arranged in the middle of each pile sharp rod, the side wall of the detection tube is connected with the inner side wall of each pile sharp rod in a fit mode, two sliding rails are symmetrically arranged on the inner side wall of the detection tube, sliding blocks are arranged in the sliding rails and are connected with the sliding rails in a fit mode, the same connecting rod is fixedly connected between the two sliding blocks, a rhombic detection head is arranged at the bottom end, the bottom surface of the detection tube is arranged in a prismatic shape and is matched with the inclined top surface of the rhombic detection head, the top surface of the detection tube is fixedly connected with an installation block, two side surfaces of the installation block are symmetrically provided with two positioning grooves, connecting rods on two side surfaces of the installation block are symmetrically provided with second connecting grooves, a first connecting groove is arranged on the connecting rod on one side of the second connecting groove, a disc is arranged on the connecting rod in the first connecting groove and is fixedly connected with the first connecting groove, a sliding rod is connected to the disc in a sliding manner, one end of the sliding rod on one side of the disc is fixedly connected with a baffle plate, one end of the sliding rod on the other side of the disc is fixedly connected with a positioning block, a pressure spring is fixedly connected between the positioning block and the disc, the pressure spring is sleeved on the sliding rod, the positioning block is arranged in the second connecting groove and is in a, the utility model discloses a mounting structure, including the lantern ring, the top surface of sounding pipe is equipped with many steel balls, and the vertical stack of many steel balls is placed, the top surface of sounding pipe is worn out outside the lantern ring and is connected rather than the laminating, the top surface of sounding pipe is equipped with the type edge that turns up to its edge is connected with the laminating of lantern ring top surface, the top surface laminating of sounding pipe is connected with the mounting panel, the lateral wall and the laminating of barrel inside wall of mounting panel are connected, the bottom surface middle part fixedly connected with inductor of mounting panel, the one end and one of them steel ball laminating setting of inductor, the top surface and the T type block middle part bottom surface laminating of mounting panel are.
Preferably, the cross sections of the positioning block, the sliding rod and the mounting block are square.
Preferably, the diameter of the steel ball is the same as the inner diameter of the probe tube.
Preferably, the sensor is electrically connected with an external alarm through a lead.
Preferably, the pile tip rod, the detecting tube and the diamond-shaped detecting head are all made of iron materials.
The use method of the shallow soil cave recognition early warning device comprises the following steps:
s1: arranging monitoring points on the ground body, and excavating mounting grooves 2 at the monitoring points;
s2: taking out the gravel impurities in the mounting groove to expose the soil layer on the bottom surface, and reinforcing the side wall of the mounting groove by cement;
s3: installing an early warning device: firstly, placing a detection tube in a barrel, enabling the detection tube to fall between a plurality of pile sharp rods, then placing steel balls in the detection tube, placing an inductor arranged on an installation plate on the top surface of the detection tube, covering a T-shaped cover cap on the barrel, and fixing the detection tube in the plurality of pile sharp rods by tightly attaching the middle part of the T-shaped cover cap to the installation plate;
s4: the pile tip rod, the detection tube and the diamond-shaped detection head which are installed are hammered into the soil layer through a pile driver;
s5: a detection step: if the rhombic detection head reaches the soil cave, the rhombic detection head can slide out of the detection tube under the action of gravity, so that the steel balls in the detection tube synchronously displace, the switch of the inductor is touched while the steel balls fall, the inductor measures the displacement of the steel balls, the thickness of the top plate of the soil cave is judged by measuring the depth of the detection tube entering the soil layer, and the height of the soil cave is judged by measuring the displacement of the steel balls;
s6: early warning step: when soil under the rhombic detection head is emptied and lost, the rhombic detection head slides out of the detection tube under the action of gravity, the transmission steel ball in the detection tube moves to trigger a sensor at the top end of the detection tube, an alarm connected to the sensor gives an alarm, the thickness of the top plate of the soil cave is judged by measuring the depth of the detection tube entering the soil layer, and the height of the soil cave is judged by measuring the displacement of the steel ball.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the device is matched with a rhombic detecting head, a detecting tube and a plurality of steel balls for operation, so that double purposes of soil cave hidden danger identification and ground collapse early warning are achieved, the device is suitable for being arranged in areas with high probability of ground collapse and monitoring and early warning for a long time, is simple in structure and low in cost, is suitable for being densely arranged in key prevention and control areas, and can effectively protect the detecting tube by the arrangement of a plurality of pile pointed rods when the device is hammered into a soil layer to avoid the situation that the detecting tube is twisted when the device is hammered into the soil layer, so that the steel balls cannot effectively fall down in the detecting tube to influence the detection of the soil cave; due to the arrangement of the sliding block and the sliding rail, the connecting rod, the rhombic detecting head and the steel ball can be effectively prevented from falling into the soil cave and being incapable of being taken out, so that resource waste is caused; when the diamond-shaped detecting head is damaged and needs to be replaced, the baffle plate, the sliding rod, the positioning block and the pressure spring are arranged, so that the diamond-shaped detecting head is more convenient and effective to disassemble and assemble, and the replacement work efficiency is higher.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the operation of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic, broken away, view of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged partial schematic view of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a partial top view of the structure of the present invention;
in the figure: the device comprises a ground body 1, a mounting groove 2, a pile tip rod 3, a detection tube 4, a lantern ring 5, a barrel 6, a fixing bolt 7, a T-shaped cover cap 8, a mounting plate 9, an inductor 10, a steel ball 11, a sliding block 12, a sliding rail 13, a connecting rod 14, a diamond-shaped detection head 15, a first connecting groove 16, a baffle 17, a disc 18, a positioning block 19, a sliding rod 20, a pressure spring 21, a second connecting groove 22 and a mounting block 23.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, a shallow soil cave recognition early warning device comprises a ground body 1, wherein a mounting groove 2 is arranged on the top surface of the ground body 1, a barrel 6 is arranged in the mounting groove 2, a T-shaped cap 8 is in threaded connection with the top surface of the barrel 6, the T-shaped cap 8 is fixedly connected with the ground body 1 through a plurality of fixing bolts 7, a lantern ring 5 is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the barrel 6, a plurality of pile tip rods 3 are fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the lantern ring 5, the plurality of pile tip rods 3 are arranged in an annular equidistant manner, a detecting tube 4 is arranged in the middle of each pile tip rod 3, the side wall of each detecting tube 4 is in fit connection with the inner side wall of the corresponding pile tip rod 3, two slide rails 13 are symmetrically arranged on the inner side wall of the detecting tube 4, slide blocks 12 are arranged in the slide rails 13 and are in fit sliding connection with the slide rails, the bottom of connecting rod 14 is equipped with rhombus detecting head 15 and is connected rather than the laminating, the setting of rhombus detecting head 15 is outside detecting tube 4 for half, the bottom surface of detecting tube 4 is the prism setting to identical setting with the oblique top surface of rhombus detecting head 15, the top surface fixedly connected with installation piece 23 of detecting tube 4, the both sides face symmetry of installation piece 23 is equipped with two constant head tanks, the symmetry is equipped with second spread groove 22 on the connecting rod 14 of installation piece 23 both sides face, be equipped with first spread groove 16 on the connecting rod 14 of second spread groove 22 one side, be equipped with disc 18 on the connecting rod 14 in first spread groove 16 and rather than fixed connection, sliding connection has slide bar 20 on disc 18, slide bar 20 one end fixedly connected with baffle 17 of disc 18 one side, slide bar 20 one end fixedly connected with locating piece 19 of disc 18 opposite side, a pressure spring 21 is fixedly connected between the positioning block 19 and the disc 18, the pressure spring 21 is sleeved on a sliding rod 20, the positioning block 19 is arranged in a second connecting groove 22 and is in fit sliding connection with the second connecting groove, one end of each of the two positioning blocks 19 respectively extends into two positioning grooves on the mounting block 23 and is matched with the positioning grooves, a plurality of steel balls 11 are arranged in the detection tube 4 above the connecting rod 14, the steel balls 11 are vertically stacked, the top surface of the detection tube 4 penetrates out of the sleeve ring 5 and is in fit connection with the sleeve ring 5, an outward-turning edge is arranged on the top surface of the detection tube 4, the edge of the detection tube is in fit connection with the top surface of the sleeve ring 5, the top surface of the detection tube 4 is in fit connection with a mounting plate 9, the side wall of the mounting plate 9 is in fit connection with the inner side wall of the cylinder 6, a sensor 10 is fixedly, the top surface and the T type block 8 middle part bottom surface laminating of mounting panel 9 are connected, stake sharp pole 3, detecting tube 4 and rhombus detecting head 15 stretch into in the ground body 1 of mounting groove 2 below.
The cross sections of the positioning block 19, the sliding rod 20 and the mounting block 23 are square.
The diameter of the steel ball 11 is the same as the inner diameter of the detection tube 4.
The sensor 10 is electrically connected with an external alarm through a lead.
The pile tip rod 3, the detecting tube 4 and the diamond-shaped detecting head 15 are all made of iron materials.
The working principle is as follows: when the invention is used, firstly, a mounting groove 2 is excavated at a monitoring point on a ground body 1, then crushed stone impurities in the mounting groove 2 are taken out, the bottom surface of the mounting groove 2 is a soil layer, the side wall of the mounting groove 2 is reinforced by cement, then a detection device is mounted, when the detection device is mounted, a pile tip rod 3, a lantern ring 5 and a cylinder body 6 are fixed by welding, then a detection tube 4 is placed in the cylinder body 6, then the detection tube 4 falls between a plurality of pile tip rods 3, then steel balls 11 are placed in the detection tube 4, then an inductor 10 mounted on a mounting plate 9 is placed on the top surface of the detection tube 4, then a T-shaped cover cap 8 is covered on the cylinder body 6, and at the moment, the middle part of the T-shaped cover cap 8 is effectively and tightly attached with the mounting plate 9, so that the detection tube 4 can be effectively fixed in the plurality of pile tip rods 3, and then the mounted pile tip rods 3 are driven by the existing pile, The detecting tube 4 and the rhombic detecting head 15 are smashed into the soil layer, at the moment, if the rhombic detecting head 15 reaches the soil hole, the rhombic detecting head 15 can slide out of the detecting tube 4 under the action of gravity, then the steel ball 11 in the detecting tube 4 can synchronously displace, when the steel ball 11 falls down, a switch of the inductor 10 is touched, then the inductor 10 measures the displacement of the steel ball 11, and then the thickness of the top plate of the soil hole is judged by measuring the depth of the detecting tube entering the soil layer. The height of the soil cave can be judged by measuring the displacement of the steel ball 11; if the soil layer at the diamond-shaped probe head 15 is compact, the steel balls 11 in the diamond-shaped probe head 15 and the probe tube 4 cannot be displaced at the moment. The probe tube 4 remains in the earth after reaching the depth to be monitored. When soil at the lower part of the diamond-shaped detection head 15 is hollowed and lost, the diamond-shaped detection head 15 can slide out of the detection tube 4 under the action of gravity, the transmission steel ball 11 in the detection tube 4 can move to trigger the sensor 10 at the top end of the detection tube 4, an alarm connected to the sensor 10 gives an alarm at the moment, and therefore the early warning purpose is achieved, the depth of the detection tube entering the soil layer can be measured, the thickness of the top plate of the soil cave can be judged, and the height of the soil cave can be judged by measuring the displacement of the steel ball 11; when the rhombic detecting head 15 is hammered into a soil layer, the arrangement of the pile sharp rods 3 can effectively protect the detecting tube 4, so that the detecting tube 4 is prevented from being twisted when being hammered into the soil layer, the detecting tube 4 of the steel ball 11 cannot effectively fall, and the detection of a soil cave is influenced; and the arrangement of the sliding block 12 and the sliding rail 13 can effectively avoid the connecting rod 14 from separating from the detecting tube 4, so that the diamond detecting head 15 and the steel ball 11 can not be taken out when falling into the soil cave, which causes resource waste, and when the diamond detecting head 15 is smashed into the soil layer, if the diamond detecting head 15 is damaged when encountering a hard object, the head can be replaced when influencing secondary use, when replacing, firstly, the connecting rod 14 slides out of the detecting tube 4, then the baffle 17 is pulled, the sliding rod 20 drives the positioning block 19 to move towards one side, and further the positioning block 19 is separated from contact with the mounting block 23, at the moment, the mounting block 23 can be directly taken out of the connecting rod 14, then the external force is removed under the arrangement of the pressure spring 21, so that the positioning block 19 returns to the original position, when the next diamond detecting head 15 is mounted, the mounting block 23 fixed on the top surface of the diamond, installation piece 23 extrusion positioning piece 19 inserts in connecting rod 14 this moment, then under the effect of pressure spring 21 for in the constant head tank on installation piece 23 is inserted again to positioning piece 19, can install this moment, and the concrete size of this device can be adjusted according to operating condition.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a shallow layer soil cave discernment early warning device which characterized in that: comprises a ground body (1), wherein a mounting groove (2) is arranged on the top surface of the ground body (1), a barrel body (6) is arranged in the mounting groove (2), a T-shaped cover cap (8) is in threaded connection with the top surface of the barrel body (6), the T-shaped cover cap (8) is fixedly connected with the ground body (1) through a plurality of fixing bolts (7), a lantern ring (5) is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the barrel body (6), a plurality of pile sharp rods (3) are fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the lantern ring (5), the plurality of pile sharp rods (3) are arranged in an annular equidistant manner, a detecting tube (4) is arranged in the middle of each pile sharp rod (3), the side wall of the detecting tube (4) is jointed with the inner side wall of each pile sharp rod (3), two slide rails (13) are symmetrically arranged on the inner side wall of the detecting tube (4), and a slide block (12) is arranged in each slide rail (, the connecting rod (14) is fixedly connected between the two sliding blocks (12), the bottom end of the connecting rod (14) is provided with a diamond-shaped detecting head (15) and is jointed with the diamond-shaped detecting head, one half of the diamond-shaped detecting head (15) is arranged outside the detecting tube (4), the bottom surface of the detecting tube (4) is arranged in a prismatic mode and is matched with the inclined top surface of the diamond-shaped detecting head (15), the top surface of the detecting tube (4) is fixedly connected with an installation block (23), two side surfaces of the installation block (23) are symmetrically provided with two positioning grooves, the connecting rod (14) on two side surfaces of the installation block (23) is symmetrically provided with a second connecting groove (22), the connecting rod (14) on one side of the second connecting groove (22) is provided with a first connecting groove (16), and the connecting rod (14) in the first connecting groove (16) is provided with a disc (18), the device is characterized in that a slide rod (20) is connected to the disc (18) in a sliding manner, one end of the slide rod (20) on one side of the disc (18) is fixedly connected with a baffle (17), one end of the slide rod (20) on the other side of the disc (18) is fixedly connected with a positioning block (19), a pressure spring (21) is fixedly connected between the positioning block (19) and the disc (18), the pressure spring (21) is sleeved on the slide rod (20), the positioning block (19) is arranged in a second connecting groove (22) and is in sliding connection with the second connecting groove in an attaching manner, one end of each of the two positioning blocks (19) respectively extends into two positioning grooves in the mounting block (23) and is identical to the positioning grooves in size, a plurality of steel balls (11) are arranged in the detection tube (4) above the connecting rod (14), the plurality of steel balls (11) are vertically stacked, the top surface, the top surface of detecting tube (4) is equipped with the type edge that turns up to its edge is connected with the laminating of lantern ring (5) top surface, the top surface laminating of detecting tube (4) is connected with mounting panel (9), the lateral wall and the laminating of barrel (6) inside wall of mounting panel (9) are connected, the bottom surface middle part fixedly connected with inductor (10) of mounting panel (9), the one end and one of them steel ball (11) laminating setting of inductor (10), the top surface and the laminating of T type block (8) middle part bottom surface of mounting panel (9) are connected, stake sharp pole (3), detecting tube (4) and rhombus detecting head (15) stretch into in ground body (1) of mounting groove (2) below.
2. The shallow soil cave recognition early warning device of claim 1, wherein: the cross sections of the positioning block (19), the sliding rod (20) and the mounting block (23) are square.
3. The shallow soil cave recognition early warning device of claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the steel ball (11) is the same as the inner diameter of the detection tube (4).
4. The shallow soil cave recognition early warning device of claim 1, wherein: the sensor (10) is electrically connected with an external alarm through a lead.
5. The shallow soil cave recognition early warning device of claim 1, wherein: the pile tip rod (3), the detection tube (4) and the diamond-shaped detection head (15) are all made of iron materials.
6. The use method of the shallow soil cave recognition and early warning device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the following steps:
s1: arranging monitoring points on the ground body, and excavating mounting grooves 2 at the monitoring points;
s2: taking out the gravel impurities in the mounting groove to expose the soil layer on the bottom surface, and reinforcing the side wall of the mounting groove by cement;
s3: installing an early warning device: firstly, placing a detection tube in a barrel, enabling the detection tube to fall between a plurality of pile sharp rods, then placing steel balls in the detection tube, placing an inductor arranged on an installation plate on the top surface of the detection tube, covering a T-shaped cover cap on the barrel, and fixing the detection tube in the plurality of pile sharp rods by tightly attaching the middle part of the T-shaped cover cap to the installation plate;
s4: the pile tip rod, the detection tube and the diamond-shaped detection head which are installed are hammered into the soil layer through a pile driver;
s5: a detection step: if the rhombic detection head reaches the soil cave, the rhombic detection head can slide out of the detection tube under the action of gravity, so that the steel balls in the detection tube synchronously displace, the switch of the inductor is touched while the steel balls fall, the inductor measures the displacement of the steel balls, the thickness of the top plate of the soil cave is judged by measuring the depth of the detection tube entering a soil layer, and the height of the soil cave is judged by measuring the displacement of the steel balls.
7, S6: early warning step: when soil under the rhombic detection head is emptied and lost, the rhombic detection head slides out of the detection tube under the action of gravity, the transmission steel ball in the detection tube moves to trigger a sensor at the top end of the detection tube, an alarm connected to the sensor gives an alarm, the thickness of the top plate of the soil cave is judged by measuring the depth of the detection tube entering the soil layer, and the height of the soil cave is judged by measuring the displacement of the steel ball.
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