CN112393253A - Temperature rise control system for sludge incinerator and control method thereof - Google Patents
Temperature rise control system for sludge incinerator and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112393253A CN112393253A CN201910757792.XA CN201910757792A CN112393253A CN 112393253 A CN112393253 A CN 112393253A CN 201910757792 A CN201910757792 A CN 201910757792A CN 112393253 A CN112393253 A CN 112393253A
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- sludge incinerator
- servo motor
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- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010981 drying operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012840 feeding operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/30—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a fluidised bed
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/001—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals for sludges or waste products from water treatment installations
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a temperature rise control system for a sludge incinerator and a control method thereof, wherein the sludge incinerator comprises an air chamber, a dense phase region, a dilute phase region and a heat exchange region which are sequentially communicated from bottom to top, wherein a combustor is arranged in the dilute phase region, a servo motor is arranged on each combustor, each servo motor is provided with a PID (proportion integration differentiation) for driving, and PID signals are connected to a PLC (programmable logic controller); the inlet end of each combustor is connected with a three-way valve, the combustors are respectively communicated with a combustor oil supply pipeline and a combustor oil return pipeline through the three-way valves, and the pipelines are respectively provided with a fuel flow meter which is in signal connection with a PLC (programmable logic controller); the dense phase area, the dilute phase area and the heat exchange area are provided with a plurality of temperature measuring probes which are all connected with the PLC by signals. According to the invention, the temperature control is added to the combustion system, and the air inlet amount and the oil-gas ratio are adjusted by adopting the servo motor, so that the atomization effect is improved, and the safety and the stability of the incinerator in the temperature rise process are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a bubbling fluidized bed incinerator, in particular to a temperature rise control system for a sludge incinerator and a control method thereof.
Background
With the continuous development of economy in China and the increasing urban population, the construction scale of municipal sewage treatment plants is also continuously enlarged, so that the yield of excess sludge after sewage treatment is increased day by day. At present, sludge disposal technologies can be divided into incineration, landfill, land utilization and the like. Sludge incineration is known as one of the most practical treatment technologies because of its advantages of high reduction, on-site incineration, no need of long-distance transportation, and resource utilization of fly ash.
The sludge incineration process is divided into direct incineration and dry incineration according to the incineration mode. However, under the current condition of controlling resource and energy consumption, the direct incineration of sludge is gradually replaced by the incineration after drying in terms of operation cost, equipment investment and the like. The purpose of sludge drying is to reduce the water content of sludge and meet the process condition of self-sustaining incineration without adding conventional fuel during incineration. According to the operation experience of domestic and foreign sludge incineration, the minimum sludge calorific value required by self-sustaining incineration is 3350-4000 kJ/kg.
In a sludge drying and incinerating system adopted for sludge drying, an incinerator is a core component of the whole system, and the most common incinerator adopts a bubbling fluidized bed incinerator, so that the incinerator has the remarkable characteristics of wide fuel adaptability, high section heat strength, large load change range, good regulation characteristic, less pollutant discharge and the like.
The bubbling fluidized bed incinerator burns dry sludge as main light oil as auxiliary mixed combustion mode, but the following safety problems are easily caused in the temperature rising process:
(1) in the process of baking the incinerator, the temperature fluctuation is too large, and the furnace wall is easy to crack and deform. Reason analysis: 2 burners are symmetrically arranged in a dilute phase area of the incinerator, and in the temperature rise process of the incinerator, the fuel oil adding amount of the burners on two sides is different, and the furnace wall is heated unevenly;
(2) in the temperature rising process, the chimney easily emits black smoke, and the carbon deposition in the flue is serious. Reason analysis: the atomization effect of the burner is poor, fuel oil is not fully combusted, and carbon deposition is caused after oil molecules are bonded with dust in an air duct.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a temperature rise control system for a sludge incinerator and a control method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in one aspect, a temperature rise control system for a sludge incinerator, the sludge incinerator comprising: the air chamber, the dense phase zone, the dilute phase zone and the heat exchange zone are sequentially communicated from bottom to top, and a combustor is arranged in the dilute phase zone; each combustor is provided with a servo motor, each servo motor is driven by an independent PID, and the PID signals are connected to the PLC;
the inlet end of each combustor is connected with a three-way valve, the combustors are respectively communicated with a combustor oil supply pipeline and a combustor oil return pipeline through the three-way valves, and the combustor oil supply pipeline and the combustor oil return pipeline are respectively provided with a fuel flow meter which is connected with a PLC (programmable logic controller) through signals;
the dense phase area, the dilute phase area and the heat exchange area are provided with a plurality of temperature measuring probes, and the temperature measuring probes are connected with the PLC through signals.
The servo motor is respectively connected with an air distribution valve and an oil inlet valve on the combustor through guide rods.
The number of the temperature measuring probes is 8,
in another aspect, a method for controlling temperature rise in a sludge incinerator:
each combustor is provided with a servo motor, an air distribution valve and an oil inlet valve of each combustor are connected to the servo motors through guide rods, each servo motor is driven by an independent PID, and in a constant temperature mode, the actual temperature and the target temperature are transmitted to the PID through the integration of a PLC (programmable logic controller), so that the servo motors are driven to control the combustors;
8 temperature probes are arranged in a dense-phase area, a dilute-phase area and a heat exchange area of the sludge incinerator and are used for monitoring the temperature change condition in a hearth of the sludge incinerator,
fuel flow meters are arranged on the fuel supply pipeline and the fuel return pipeline of the combustor, the two fuel flow meters are calculated through a PLC to obtain fuel consumption, the fuel consumption and a target quantity are transmitted to a PID, and a servo motor is driven to control the combustor;
under the condition of starting and heating, the PLC controller preferentially adopts a constant pressure mode, controls heating with low oil flow, gradually increases oil inlet flow along with time, automatically converts flow output into temperature output after reaching a target temperature, namely, completes the conversion from the constant pressure mode to a constant temperature mode, and then the combustor continues to run according to preset temperature.
The target temperature is 850 ℃, and the preset temperature is 550 ℃.
When the sludge incinerator is in normal operation, the PLC controller preferentially adopts a constant temperature mode, and can quickly cope with the change of working conditions.
In the above technical scheme, the temperature rise control system and the control method thereof for the sludge incinerator provided by the invention also have the following beneficial effects:
1) the temperature rise control system and the method firstly use two control modes of constant temperature and constant pressure, make up for the deficiency and can be switched freely;
2) the temperature rise control system and method adopt the PID drive servo motor technology, so that combustion is more stable and temperature fluctuation is small;
3) compared with the single mode operation, the sludge incinerator of the temperature rise control system and method is more energy-saving in operation;
4) the temperature rise control system and method can help to finish the furnace drying operation of the sludge incinerator.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the frame of the temperature rise control system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a control schematic of the temperature rise control method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of flow rate and temperature for a temperature-raising control method of the present invention in a constant temperature mode;
FIG. 4 is a graph of flow rate and temperature under a constant pressure mode for the temperature rise control method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the drawings and the embodiment.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a temperature rise control system for a sludge incinerator according to the present invention includes: an air chamber 1, a dense phase zone 2, a dilute phase zone 3 and a heat exchange zone 4 which are communicated from bottom to top in sequence, wherein a combustor is arranged in the dilute phase zone, which is part of the prior art and is not described herein again. Different from the prior art:
preferably, a servo motor (the action error of the servo motor is not more than one per thousand) is arranged on each combustor, the air distribution valve and the oil inlet valve of each combustor are connected to the servo motor through a guide rod, the actions can be completed in equal proportion, each servo motor is driven by an independent PID (proportion integration differentiation), and PID signals are connected to the PLC.
The preferred, all link there is the three-way valve on the inlet end of every combustor, make the combustor communicate combustor oil feed line and combustor oil return line respectively through the three-way valve, all still be equipped with the fuel flow meter on combustor oil feed line and the combustor oil return line, the fuel flow meter all links to each other with PLC controller signal, calculates two fuel flow meters through the PLC controller and reachs the oil consumption, gives PID with oil consumption and target volume transmission again, and drive servo motor controls the combustor.
Preferably, the dense phase area, the dilute phase area and the heat exchange area are provided with 8 temperature measuring probes, the temperature measuring probes are all in signal connection with the PLC controller, the temperature change conditions in the hearth are respectively monitored, and in the constant temperature mode, the actual temperature and the target temperature are transmitted to a PID (proportion integration differentiation) through the integration of the PLC, so that the servo motor is driven to control the combustor.
The invention also provides a temperature rise control method for the sludge incinerator, which comprises the following steps:
each combustor is provided with a servo motor, an air distribution valve and an oil inlet valve of each combustor are connected to the servo motors through guide rods, each servo motor is driven by an independent PID, and in a constant temperature mode, the actual temperature and the target temperature are transmitted to the PID through the integration of a PLC (programmable logic controller), so that the servo motors are driven to control the combustors;
8 temperature probes are arranged in a dense-phase area, a dilute-phase area and a heat exchange area of the sludge incinerator and are used for monitoring the temperature change condition in a hearth of the sludge incinerator,
fuel flow meters are arranged on the fuel supply pipeline and the fuel return pipeline of the combustor, the two fuel flow meters are calculated through a PLC to obtain fuel consumption, the fuel consumption and a target quantity are transmitted to a PID, and a servo motor is driven to control the combustor;
under the condition of starting and heating, the PLC controller preferentially adopts a constant pressure mode, controls heating with low oil flow, gradually increases oil inlet flow along with time, automatically converts flow output into temperature output after reaching a target temperature, namely, completes the conversion from the constant pressure mode to a constant temperature mode, and then the combustor continues to run according to preset temperature.
Preferably, the target temperature is 850 ℃ and the predetermined temperature is 550 ℃. The working temperature of the incinerator is 850-950 ℃, mud can be fed and burned (the absolute dry sludge with the water content below 10%) at 550-650 ℃, the 550 ℃ can be preset as the target temperature, the feeding amount is gradually increased in the mud feeding process, the temperature rise is prevented from being too fast, and the fuel oil consumption can be automatically reduced by a temperature control system after mud feeding and burning, so that the incinerator is economical. If the slurry feeding operation is not performed, the target temperature can be set to about 850 ℃.
Preferably, when the sludge incinerator is in normal operation, the PLC controller preferentially adopts a constant temperature mode, and can quickly respond to changes of working conditions.
In the temperature rise control system and the method thereof, a constant temperature mode is adopted, temperature control is added, the combustor can be automatically adjusted faster in the face of temperature change in the hearth through closed-loop PID adjustment, the occurrence of over-temperature conditions is reduced, and meanwhile, the combustor can help the incinerator to finish the baking operation.
The constant pressure mode is adopted, the pressure regulation and the air volume regulation are stabilized through the servo motor, the stability of flow control is improved, the oil-air ratio is stabilized, the temperature fluctuation is not too large in the temperature rising and reducing process, and the conditions of rapid temperature rising and rapid temperature reducing cannot occur.
The device also has mode switching, and the switching of two modes is realized through PLC control.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and are not to be used as a limitation of the present invention, and that changes and modifications to the above described embodiments are within the scope of the claims of the present invention as long as they are within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A temperature rise control system for a sludge incinerator, the sludge incinerator comprising: the air chamber, dense phase district, dilute phase district, the heat transfer district that communicate in proper order from bottom to top are provided with combustor, its characterized in that in the dilute phase district:
each combustor is provided with a servo motor, each servo motor is driven by an independent PID, and the PID signals are connected to the PLC;
the inlet end of each combustor is connected with a three-way valve, the combustors are respectively communicated with a combustor oil supply pipeline and a combustor oil return pipeline through the three-way valves, and the combustor oil supply pipeline and the combustor oil return pipeline are respectively provided with a fuel flow meter which is connected with a PLC (programmable logic controller) through signals;
the dense phase area, the dilute phase area and the heat exchange area are provided with a plurality of temperature measuring probes, and the temperature measuring probes are connected with the PLC through signals.
2. A temperature rise control system for a sludge incinerator according to claim 1 wherein: the servo motor is respectively connected with an air distribution valve and an oil inlet valve on the combustor through guide rods.
3. A temperature rise control system for a sludge incinerator according to claim 1 wherein: the number of the temperature measuring probes is 8.
4. A temperature increase control method for a sludge incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by:
each combustor is provided with a servo motor, an air distribution valve and an oil inlet valve of each combustor are connected to the servo motors through guide rods, each servo motor is driven by an independent PID, and in a constant temperature mode, the actual temperature and the target temperature are transmitted to the PID through the integration of a PLC (programmable logic controller), so that the servo motors are driven to control the combustors;
8 temperature probes are arranged in a dense-phase area, a dilute-phase area and a heat exchange area of the sludge incinerator and are used for monitoring the temperature change condition in a hearth of the sludge incinerator,
fuel flow meters are arranged on the fuel supply pipeline and the fuel return pipeline of the combustor, the two fuel flow meters are calculated through a PLC to obtain fuel consumption, the fuel consumption and a target quantity are transmitted to a PID, and a servo motor is driven to control the combustor;
under the condition of starting and heating, the PLC controller preferentially adopts a constant pressure mode, controls heating with low oil flow, gradually increases oil inlet flow along with time, automatically converts flow output into temperature output after reaching a target temperature, namely, completes the conversion from the constant pressure mode to a constant temperature mode, and then the combustor continues to run according to preset temperature.
5. The temperature increase control method for a sludge incinerator according to claim 4, wherein: the target temperature is 850 ℃, and the preset temperature is 550 ℃.
6. The temperature increase control method for a sludge incinerator according to claim 4, wherein: when the sludge incinerator is in normal operation, the PLC controller preferentially adopts a constant temperature mode, and can quickly cope with the change of working conditions.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910757792.XA CN112393253A (en) | 2019-08-16 | 2019-08-16 | Temperature rise control system for sludge incinerator and control method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910757792.XA CN112393253A (en) | 2019-08-16 | 2019-08-16 | Temperature rise control system for sludge incinerator and control method thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112393253A true CN112393253A (en) | 2021-02-23 |
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| CN201910757792.XA Pending CN112393253A (en) | 2019-08-16 | 2019-08-16 | Temperature rise control system for sludge incinerator and control method thereof |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101440517A (en) * | 2007-11-21 | 2009-05-27 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Method for dynamically controlling high temperature furnace inner pressure |
| JP2009250571A (en) * | 2008-04-09 | 2009-10-29 | Mhi Environment Engineering Co Ltd | Starting method of circulating fluidized bed furnace |
| CN102901091A (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2013-01-30 | 四川深达热能工程设备有限公司 | Maintaining system and maintaining method for circulating fluidized bed |
| CN204369809U (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-06-03 | 东北电力大学 | Oil shale semi-coke fluidized bed combustion circulating mash gas process furnace |
| CN107300175A (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2017-10-27 | 安徽德玉环境工程装备有限公司 | A kind of multistage incinerator of cremate furnace exhaust gas |
-
2019
- 2019-08-16 CN CN201910757792.XA patent/CN112393253A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101440517A (en) * | 2007-11-21 | 2009-05-27 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Method for dynamically controlling high temperature furnace inner pressure |
| JP2009250571A (en) * | 2008-04-09 | 2009-10-29 | Mhi Environment Engineering Co Ltd | Starting method of circulating fluidized bed furnace |
| CN102901091A (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2013-01-30 | 四川深达热能工程设备有限公司 | Maintaining system and maintaining method for circulating fluidized bed |
| CN204369809U (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-06-03 | 东北电力大学 | Oil shale semi-coke fluidized bed combustion circulating mash gas process furnace |
| CN107300175A (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2017-10-27 | 安徽德玉环境工程装备有限公司 | A kind of multistage incinerator of cremate furnace exhaust gas |
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Application publication date: 20210223 |