CN112393255A - Combustor protection system for sludge co-combustion of sludge incinerator - Google Patents
Combustor protection system for sludge co-combustion of sludge incinerator Download PDFInfo
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- CN112393255A CN112393255A CN201910758093.7A CN201910758093A CN112393255A CN 112393255 A CN112393255 A CN 112393255A CN 201910758093 A CN201910758093 A CN 201910758093A CN 112393255 A CN112393255 A CN 112393255A
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- Prior art keywords
- sludge
- burner
- combustion
- oil
- protection system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/30—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a fluidised bed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/001—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals for sludges or waste products from water treatment installations
Abstract
The invention discloses a combustor protection system used in sludge co-combustion of a sludge incinerator, which comprises: from plenum, dense phase district, dilute phase district, the heat transfer district that upwards communicates in proper order, be provided with the combustor in the dilute phase district, its characterized in that still includes: the power failure protection mechanism, the overtemperature protection mechanism, the oil leakage protection mechanism and the anti-coking protection mechanism. The invention improves the protection of power loss, over temperature, oil leakage and coking prevention for the incinerator, and improves the safety and stability of the incinerator in the process of oil sludge co-combustion.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a bubbling fluidized bed incinerator, in particular to a combustor protection system for sludge co-combustion in a sludge incinerator.
Background
With the continuous development of economy in China and the increasing urban population, the construction scale of municipal sewage treatment plants is also continuously enlarged, so that the yield of excess sludge after sewage treatment is increased day by day. At present, sludge disposal technologies can be divided into incineration, landfill, land utilization and the like. Sludge incineration is known as one of the most practical treatment technologies because of its advantages of high reduction, on-site incineration, no need of long-distance transportation, and resource utilization of fly ash.
The sludge incineration process is divided into direct incineration and dry incineration according to the incineration mode. However, under the current condition of controlling resource and energy consumption, the direct incineration of sludge is gradually replaced by the incineration after drying in terms of operation cost, equipment investment and the like. The purpose of sludge drying is to reduce the water content of sludge and meet the process condition of self-sustaining incineration without adding conventional fuel during incineration. According to the operation experience of domestic and foreign sludge incineration, the minimum sludge calorific value required by self-sustaining incineration is 3350-4000 kJ/kg.
In a sludge drying and incinerating system adopted for sludge drying, an incinerator is a core component of the whole system, and the most common incinerator adopts a bubbling fluidized bed incinerator, so that the incinerator has the remarkable characteristics of wide fuel adaptability, high section heat strength, large load change range, good regulation characteristic, less pollutant discharge and the like.
The bubbling fluidized bed incinerator is mainly composed of an air chamber 1, a dense phase zone 2, a dilute phase zone 3 and a heat exchange zone 4 (oil cooling wall pipe) from bottom to top as shown in figure 1. Wherein:
an air chamber 1: is arranged at the lowest part of the incinerator, and sends primary air to different areas of the fluidized bed under the action of a blower, and the fluidizing gas is sent through an air distribution plate and an air cap.
Dense-phase zone 2: the dry sludge is mainly fluidized and incinerated in the region (the incineration temperature is 850-950 ℃) and high-temperature flue gas is generated additionally.
Dilute phase zone 3: the burner is arranged in the area, and the temperature of the flue gas is increased by the auxiliary combustion of the burner;
heat exchange zone 4: the oil cold wall pipe is arranged in the area and mainly absorbs the heat of high-temperature flue gas to carry out heat exchange.
The bubbling fluidized bed incinerator burns dry sludge as main light oil as auxiliary mixed combustion mode, but the following safety problems are easily caused in the mixed combustion process:
(1) after the burner is powered off, the electrical elements in the burner can be aged and damaged at an accelerated speed due to high-temperature radiation in the furnace. Reason analysis: no back-up power supply is provided for protection, and the combustor can not be effectively cooled at high temperature;
(2) the incinerator is difficult to reach balance and easy to overtemperature in the process of blending two fuels. Reason analysis: the incinerator adopts a bubbling fluidized bed structure, when dry sludge is insufficient and light oil is required to be added for blending combustion, the original heat balance can be damaged, the dry sludge is mainly combusted in a sand bed in a dense-phase area of the incinerator, and a combustion area of a combustor is in a dilute-phase area and is higher than the sludge, so that the temperature deviation in the incinerator is large, and the incinerator is extremely easy to overtemperature;
(3) the conditions of unsmooth slag discharge, fluctuation of the fluidized air quantity of the incinerator and the like sometimes occur in the slag discharge process of the incinerator. Reason analysis: the dilute phase area of each incinerator is provided with 2 burners in a hedging way, a mechanical atomization combustion mode is adopted, if the atomization effect is poor or the system is stopped, residual oil flows into a hearth and can contact with dry sludge of a sand bed at the bottom to form coke blocks, the fluidization in the incinerator is gradually influenced, and a slag discharge port is blocked.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a combustor protection system for sludge co-combustion in a sludge incinerator, which improves the protection of power loss, over-temperature, oil leakage and coking prevention for the incinerator, and improves the safety and stability of the incinerator in the sludge co-combustion process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a burner protection system for use in sludge multifuel combustion in a sludge incinerator, the sludge incinerator comprising: the plenum that communicates in proper order from bottom to top, dense phase district, dilute phase district, heat transfer district are provided with the combustor in the dilute phase district, still include: the power failure protection mechanism, the overtemperature protection mechanism, the oil leakage protection mechanism and the anti-coking protection mechanism;
the overtemperature protection mechanism comprises: the temperature measurement probes are arranged in the dense-phase region, the dilute-phase region and the heat exchange region, the servo motors are arranged on the combustor, and each servo motor is driven by an independent P I D;
the oil leak protection mechanism includes: the three-way valve is connected to the inlet end of the burner, the burner is respectively communicated with a burner oil supply pipeline and a burner oil return pipeline through the three-way valve, the burner oil supply pipeline and the burner oil return pipeline are both communicated with a daily oil tank, the daily oil tank is communicated with a light oil storage tank, and the burner oil supply pipeline and the burner oil return pipeline are both provided with fuel oil flow meters; further comprising: the system comprises a zirconium oxide sensor, a CO monitor and a flame detector, wherein the zirconium oxide sensor is arranged at the top of the sludge incinerator, the CO monitor is arranged in a flue of the sludge incinerator, and the flame detector is arranged on a combustor;
the power-loss protection mechanism is a power generation device;
the anti-coking protection mechanism is an MFT protection system.
The temperature measurement probe has 8, dense phase district vertical row one side of distributing is equipped with 3, and its opposite is equipped with 1, and dilute phase district one side is equipped with 1, and its opposite is equipped with 1, and heat transfer district upper portion one side is equipped with 1, and its opposite is equipped with 1.
The temperature measuring probes are connected and fixed through steel pipes.
The temperature measuring probe is arranged to incline downwards by 8-12 degrees.
The servo motor is respectively connected with an air distribution valve and an oil inlet valve on the combustor through guide rods.
In the MFT protection system, a PLC monitors a blower operation feedback signal.
In the MFT protection system, the differential pressure obtained by a differential pressure transmitter arranged in a primary air pipe is monitored through a PLC (programmable logic controller), and the fluidization air volume is calculated according to the following formula:
in the above formula, Q is the volume flow, α is the flow coefficient, e is the ending expansion system, d is the orifice size of the orifice, Δ p is the pressure differential, and p1 is the fluid density.
The power generation device is a diesel power generation device.
In the technical scheme, the protection system for the combustor in the sludge co-combustion of the sludge incinerator, provided by the invention, has the following beneficial effects:
1) the combustor protection system takes various emergency situations in operation into consideration on the basis of mixed combustion of two different kinds of oil sludge, designs and realizes various protection measures, and enables the operation to be safer and more reliable;
2) the combustor protection system adopts an advanced PID drive servo motor technology, so that combustion is more stable and temperature fluctuation is small;
3) the combustor protection is a comprehensive oil leakage monitoring and protecting scheme, and the accident probability is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a structure of a conventional bubbling-type fluidized-bed incinerator;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the burner protection system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the oil circuit connection of the oil leakage protection mechanism in the burner protection system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the installation of a temperature probe in the burner protection system of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the temperature probe A-A of FIG. 4.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the drawings and the embodiment.
Referring to fig. 2 to 5, a protection system for a burner used in sludge co-combustion in a sludge incinerator according to the present invention includes: an air chamber 5, a dense phase zone 6, a dilute phase zone 7 and a heat exchange zone 8 which are communicated from bottom to top in sequence, wherein a combustor 9 is arranged in the dilute phase zone 7, which is part of the prior art and is not described herein again. Different from the prior art, the method further comprises the following steps: the power failure protection mechanism, the overtemperature protection mechanism, the oil leakage protection mechanism and the anti-coking protection mechanism.
Preferably, the over-temperature protection mechanism includes: 8 temperature probes 10 arranged in the dense-phase area 6, the dilute-phase area 7 and the heat exchange area 8 respectively monitor the temperature change condition in the hearth, and a servo motor (the action error of the servo motor is not more than one thousandth) arranged on the combustor 9 is connected with an air distribution valve and an oil inlet valve on the combustor 9 through a guide rod, so that the actions can be completed in equal proportion, and each servo motor is driven by an independent PID (proportion integration differentiation). When the temperature rises to be lower than the set temperature, the proportional regulator drives the servo motor to open the air distribution valve, the oil inlet flow is increased in equal proportion, the temperature is gradually increased, and vice versa. The PID technology is used for automatically adjusting the oil inlet and the air distribution to control the temperature, and once the temperature is monitored to exceed the limit temperature (such as 900 ℃, the temperature can be automatically adjusted according to the actual condition), the combustor 9 can also automatically cut off the oil inlet, and the air distribution is increased for protection.
Preferably, the oil leakage protection mechanism includes: the three-way valve 11 is connected to the inlet end of the burner 9, the burner 9 is respectively communicated with a burner oil supply pipeline and a burner oil return pipeline through the three-way valve 11, the burner oil supply pipeline and the burner oil return pipeline are both communicated with a daily oil tank 12, the daily oil tank 12 is communicated with a light oil storage tank 13, and a fuel oil flow meter 14 is also arranged on the burner oil supply pipeline and the burner oil return pipeline to calculate the oil consumption; in addition, the method also comprises the following steps: the system comprises a zirconium oxide sensor, a CO monitor 16 and a flame detector 17, wherein the zirconium oxide sensor is arranged at the top of the sludge incinerator and used for monitoring the oxygen concentration in the boiler, and the oxygen content is rapidly reduced under the condition of oil leakage; the CO monitor 16 is arranged in a flue of the sludge incinerator, and the CO rises to alarm when fuel oil is insufficiently combusted; the flame detector 17 is provided in the burner 9, and automatically cuts off the supply of fuel when a flame-out (no flame detection) occurs.
Preferably, the power-off protection mechanism is a power generation device, a diesel power generation device in an original system can be used for providing emergency power supply for the combustion system, and a cooling fan is configured to improve the system safety.
Preferably, the anti-coking protection mechanism is an MFT protection system, which generally refers to an automatic protection measure for equipment during the operation of a boiler: when an abnormal sudden accident occurs, the alarm is given, or the equipment is automatically stopped. And (5) keeping and conveying, and operating the induced draft fan to purge. When the equipment needs to be started after the defect or the fault is eliminated, the MFT must be reset to start the equipment, otherwise, the motor equipment cannot be started. MFT is the main fuel trip. Once the blower is stopped or the fluidizing air quantity is insufficient, the combustor 9 can automatically stop running, and coking in the furnace caused by continuous temperature rise due to poor fluidization of the hearth is prevented.
Preferably, in the MFT protection system, the PLC monitors a differential pressure obtained by a differential pressure transmitter installed in the primary air duct, and calculates a fluidization air volume, according to the following formula:
in the above formula, Q is the volume flow, α is the flow coefficient, e is the ending expansion system, d is the orifice size of the orifice, Δ p is the pressure differential, and p1 is the fluid density.
Preferably, the temperature probes 10 are fixedly connected through the steel pipes 15, and during installation, the temperature probes 10 are inclined downwards by 8-12 degrees, so that the installation positions of the temperature probes 10 are kept away from the high-temperature area of the combustor 9, and the temperature probes 10 are prevented from being directly burnt out.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and are not to be used as a limitation of the present invention, and that changes and modifications to the above described embodiments are within the scope of the claims of the present invention as long as they are within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A burner protection system for use in sludge multifuel combustion in a sludge incinerator, the sludge incinerator comprising: from plenum, dense phase district, dilute phase district, the heat transfer district that upwards communicates in proper order, be provided with the combustor in the dilute phase district, its characterized in that still includes: the power failure protection mechanism, the overtemperature protection mechanism, the oil leakage protection mechanism and the anti-coking protection mechanism;
the overtemperature protection mechanism comprises: the temperature measurement probes are arranged in the dense-phase region, the dilute-phase region and the heat exchange region, the servo motors are arranged on the combustor, and each servo motor is driven by an independent PID;
the oil leak protection mechanism includes: the three-way valve is connected to the inlet end of the burner, the burner is respectively communicated with a burner oil supply pipeline and a burner oil return pipeline through the three-way valve, the burner oil supply pipeline and the burner oil return pipeline are both communicated with a daily oil tank, the daily oil tank is communicated with a light oil storage tank, the light oil storage tank is also communicated with the daily oil tank, and the burner oil supply pipeline and the burner oil return pipeline are both provided with fuel oil flow meters; further comprising: the system comprises a zirconium oxide sensor, a CO monitor and a flame detector, wherein the zirconium oxide sensor is arranged at the top of the sludge incinerator, the CO monitor is arranged in a flue of the sludge incinerator, and the flame detector is arranged on a combustor;
the power-loss protection mechanism is a power generation device;
the anti-coking protection mechanism is an MFT protection system.
2. The protection system of a burner used in sludge co-combustion in a sludge incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the temperature measurement probe has 8, dense phase district vertical row one side of distributing is equipped with 3, and its opposite is equipped with 1, and dilute phase district one side is equipped with 1, and its opposite is equipped with 1, and heat transfer district upper portion one side is equipped with 1, and its opposite is equipped with 1.
3. The protection system of a burner used in sludge co-combustion in a sludge incinerator according to claim 2, characterized in that: the temperature measuring probes are connected and fixed through steel pipes.
4. A burner protection system for sludge co-combustion in a sludge incinerator as claimed in claim 3 wherein: the temperature measuring probe is arranged to incline downwards by 8-12 degrees.
5. The protection system of a burner used in sludge co-combustion in a sludge incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the servo motor is respectively connected with an air distribution valve and an oil inlet valve on the combustor through guide rods.
6. The protection system of a burner used in sludge co-combustion in a sludge incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the MFT protection system, a PLC monitors a blower operation feedback signal.
7. The protection system of a burner used in sludge co-combustion in a sludge incinerator according to claim 6, characterized in that: in the MFT protection system, the differential pressure obtained by a differential pressure transmitter arranged in a primary air pipe is monitored through a PLC (programmable logic controller), and the fluidization air volume is calculated according to the following formula:
in the above formula, Q is the volume flow, α is the flow coefficient, e is the ending expansion system, d is the orifice size of the orifice, Δ p is the pressure differential, and p1 is the fluid density.
8. The protection system of a burner used in sludge co-combustion in a sludge incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the power generation device is a diesel power generation device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910758093.7A CN112393255A (en) | 2019-08-16 | 2019-08-16 | Combustor protection system for sludge co-combustion of sludge incinerator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910758093.7A CN112393255A (en) | 2019-08-16 | 2019-08-16 | Combustor protection system for sludge co-combustion of sludge incinerator |
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| CN112393255A true CN112393255A (en) | 2021-02-23 |
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| CN201910758093.7A Pending CN112393255A (en) | 2019-08-16 | 2019-08-16 | Combustor protection system for sludge co-combustion of sludge incinerator |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH03241216A (en) * | 1990-02-20 | 1991-10-28 | Ube Ind Ltd | Method of operating fluidized bed type incinerator for igniting high water containing waste material |
| CN2588213Y (en) * | 2002-12-27 | 2003-11-26 | 李爱民 | Sectional fluidized-bed medical refuse burning furnace |
| CN203927907U (en) * | 2014-06-23 | 2014-11-05 | 刘腊喜 | Oil burner |
| CN204369809U (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-06-03 | 东北电力大学 | Oil shale semi-coke fluidized bed combustion circulating mash gas process furnace |
| CN107300175A (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2017-10-27 | 安徽德玉环境工程装备有限公司 | A kind of multistage incinerator of cremate furnace exhaust gas |
-
2019
- 2019-08-16 CN CN201910758093.7A patent/CN112393255A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH03241216A (en) * | 1990-02-20 | 1991-10-28 | Ube Ind Ltd | Method of operating fluidized bed type incinerator for igniting high water containing waste material |
| CN2588213Y (en) * | 2002-12-27 | 2003-11-26 | 李爱民 | Sectional fluidized-bed medical refuse burning furnace |
| CN203927907U (en) * | 2014-06-23 | 2014-11-05 | 刘腊喜 | Oil burner |
| CN204369809U (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-06-03 | 东北电力大学 | Oil shale semi-coke fluidized bed combustion circulating mash gas process furnace |
| CN107300175A (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2017-10-27 | 安徽德玉环境工程装备有限公司 | A kind of multistage incinerator of cremate furnace exhaust gas |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 李青: "《火力发电厂节能和指标管理技术》", 28 February 2006 * |
| 沈洁: "《自动检测与转换技术》", 30 July 2011 * |
| 王发现: "《电站锅炉安全技术》", 31 August 2010 * |
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Application publication date: 20210223 |