CN112392044A - Construction method of bored pile of long hollow pile in complex geology - Google Patents

Construction method of bored pile of long hollow pile in complex geology Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112392044A
CN112392044A CN202011355218.0A CN202011355218A CN112392044A CN 112392044 A CN112392044 A CN 112392044A CN 202011355218 A CN202011355218 A CN 202011355218A CN 112392044 A CN112392044 A CN 112392044A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
pile
sand
protective cylinder
concrete
pipe
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Pending
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CN202011355218.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
胡焕坚
李光灿
王花
任涛
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China Construction Fourth Engineering Division Corp Ltd
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China Construction Fourth Engineering Division Corp Ltd
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Priority to CN202011355218.0A priority Critical patent/CN112392044A/en
Publication of CN112392044A publication Critical patent/CN112392044A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D7/00Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22Piles
    • E02D5/34Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
    • E02D5/38Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making by use of mould-pipes or other moulds
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D9/00Removing sheet piles bulkheads, piles, mould-pipes or other moulds or parts thereof
    • E02D9/02Removing sheet piles bulkheads, piles, mould-pipes or other moulds or parts thereof by withdrawing

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction method of a long hollow pile pore-forming cast-in-place pile in complex geology, which comprises the following construction process flows: construction preparation; the pipe twisting machine is positioned and centered; burying a full protection cylinder; forming a hole in the pile body; putting down a reinforcement cage; pouring concrete; lifting the bottom of the pile casing to the concrete surface; filling sand into the empty pile; and taking out the protective sleeve. The invention adopts the pipe twisting machine to embed the full pile casing for the hole forming of the cast-in-place pile, can effectively avoid the influence of various soft soil layers on the hole forming, has high construction speed, flexible treatment measures when encountering gravel layers, hard boulders and other geologies, and can effectively ensure the quality of the pile body without necking down, pile breaking and the like through practice verification of the treatment mode of the empty pile part.

Description

Construction method of bored pile of long hollow pile in complex geology
Technical Field
The invention relates to a construction method of a long hollow pile pore-forming cast-in-place pile in complex geology, and belongs to the technical field of building engineering.
Background
The cast-in-place pile is a pile formed by forming a hole in place and pouring concrete or reinforced concrete. Commonly used are: (1) drilling a cast-in-place pile: the pile is formed by using a spiral drilling machine, a diving drilling machine and the like to form holes on site and pouring concrete, and the construction has no vibration and does not squeeze soil, but the settlement amount of the pile is slightly larger. The auger drilling machine is suitable for cohesive soil, sandy soil, artificial filling and the like above the ground water level, drilled soil blocks ascend along spiral blades on a drill rod to the outside of a discharge hole, the aperture is about 300mm, the drilling depth is 8-12 m, and the drill rod is selected according to soil quality and water content. The submersible drilling machine is suitable for cohesive soil, sandy soil, silt, mucky soil and the like, and is particularly suitable for forming holes in soil layers with higher underground water level. The mud is used for protecting the wall in order to prevent the hole from collapsing when drilling. Drilling in clay with clear water to form mud to protect wall; prepared mud is injected into sandy soil for drilling. And circularly removing drilled soil scraps by using slurry, and cleaning the hole after the hole is drilled to the required depth to remove the soil scraps sinking at the bottom of the hole, so that the settling amount of the pile is reduced. The large-diameter cast-in-situ bored pile popularized and applied in large-scale projects such as high-rise buildings, bridges and the like is constructed by the method, the diameter of the pile is more than 1m, the bottom of the pile can be expanded, and the bearing capacity of a single pile can reach thousands of tons. (2) Sinking a pipe and pouring a pile: the steel pipe with reinforced concrete pile shoe (pile tip) or valve type pile shoe is sunk into the soil by hammering or vibration, then concrete is poured in and the pipe is pulled out simultaneously to form the pile. Hammering the cast-in-place pile by a hammer for sinking and pulling the pipe; the vibrating pipe sinking and pipe drawing of the vibration exciter is called a vibrating cast-in-place pile. The method is easy to cause the defects of pile breaking, necking, foot hanging pile, pile shoe water inlet, mud inlet and the like, and the inspection and the timely treatment are noticed during the construction. In addition, explosive expanding cast-in-place piles are provided, which are formed by expanding the bottom of a pile hole with explosive to increase the bearing capacity.
In some areas containing unstable soil layers, such as the pearl triangle area of China, the geology is relatively complex and contains various unstable soil layers, including soft soil layers such as gravel layers, sludge layers and the like. In the construction process of the cast-in-place pile, hole collapse easily occurs by using slurry retaining wall for hole forming, the pile forming quality is poor, and when the long hollow pile is constructed for hole forming, soil bodies on the hole wall of the hollow pile part collapse to directly influence the quality of the upper pile body. Aiming at the situation, when the long hollow pile is constructed into the bored concrete pile in the complex geological construction, the slurry retaining wall pore-forming construction is mostly carried out by embedding the retaining cylinder with the length of 2-4 meters, but the half retaining cylinder cannot cover the whole pile body rock stratum, and when the address situation of the bottom layer is complex, the pore-forming and pile-forming quality of the bored concrete pile cannot be guaranteed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems and provides a construction method of a long hollow pile pore-forming cast-in-place pile in complex geology, so as to solve the technical problems of easy hole collapse, poor pile-forming quality and incapability of guaranteeing the pile body quality in the complex geology pore-forming process in the background technology, realize the smooth construction of the long hollow pile pore-forming cast-in-place pile in the complex geology and effectively guarantee the pile-forming quality of the cast-in-place pile.
The invention is realized by the following steps:
the construction process flow of the invention is as follows: construction preparation; the pipe twisting machine is positioned and centered; burying a full protection cylinder; forming a hole in the pile body; putting down a reinforcement cage; pouring concrete; lifting the bottom of the pile casing to the concrete surface; filling sand into the empty pile; and taking out the protective sleeve.
The method comprises the following specific steps: step 1, positioning: the pipe twisting machine is placed on a pile position of a rotary-digging pile, the crawler crane, the crane chassis part and the pipe twisting machine connecting slide box are mutually connected, the tail part of the pipe twisting machine is slightly lifted by a large hook of the crane, then the crane is moved, the pipe twisting machine is placed on a proper pile position, and then the pipe twisting machine is put down.
Step 2, pile casing correction: the protective cylinder is lifted by a large hook of the crane through a steel wire rope and placed into the center of a jaw of the pipe twisting machine until the protective cylinder contacts the ground, and the adjusting cylinder is used for assisting adjustment until the protective cylinder reaches an accurate pile position. And lifting the jaw of the pipe twisting machine, clamping the protective cylinder, starting to rub towards the underground, simultaneously lifting the line in two directions of the pipe twisting machine, observing the verticality of the protective cylinder, if the protective cylinder is not vertical, adjusting the protective cylinder by using two lifting cylinders of the pipe twisting machine until the protective cylinder is rubbed down to the ground by about 2 meters, and when the protective cylinder is corrected, a crane hook is required to keep the state of hooking the protective cylinder.
Step 3, soil grabbing: after the protective cylinder is corrected, the pipe twisting machine starts to work normally, the large hook of the crane is separated from the protective cylinder, then the protective opening of the protective cylinder is lifted and arranged at the top of the protective cylinder, the large hook is used for lifting the impact grab to grab the upper official cap, and the small hook is used for lifting the impact grab bucket to grab soil. When the soil grabbing is started, one half of the flushing grab bucket is placed in the protective cylinder, the time is suspended for about 1 second, and then the grab bucket freely falls and hooks to grab the soil. Due to complex geology, when grabbing soil, attention should be paid, and the soil can be grabbed only by advancing the protective cylinder.
Step 4, butt joint: when the height of the top of the protective cylinder from the jaw surface is only about 500mm, the pipe twisting and soil grabbing are stopped. At this time, the section 2 protective cylinder should be connected. The crane unloads the upper officer cap and the grab bucket, unloads the mouth of the protecting cylinder, then lifts the 2 nd section of protecting cylinder by a big hook, connects the protecting cylinder with the first section of protecting cylinder, and stands on the machine by a worker, and fixes and locks the protecting cylinder by a screw special for the butt connection of the protecting cylinder. At the same time, the crane hook must keep hanging the casing.
Step 5, forming holes: when the protective cylinder is estimated to be almost, the method of putting the lifting rope is adopted to measure the hole depth, and when the residual soil grabbing amount is small, the height of the punching-grabbing free falling body is reduced. To prevent the formation of holes too deep.
And step 6, casting the preorder. After the hole is formed, the crane unloads the punching grab handle cap and the grab bucket, then unloads the protective cylinder protective opening, the crane hook lifts the reinforcement cage by using a steel wire rope, carefully puts the reinforcement cage into the hole, the position of the reinforcement cage is adjusted by a worker beside the crane hook until the reinforcement cage is completely put into the hole, and then the steel wire rope is unloaded. After the steel reinforcement cage is placed, the guide pipe is hoisted by a crane and placed into the hole through the middle part of the steel reinforcement cage, so that the distance between the bottom of the guide pipe and the bottom of the hole is about 300mm, then the hopper is hoisted by the crane, and a worker connects the hopper and the guide pipe.
Step 7, pouring concrete: when the concrete is poured, the protective cylinder is pulled upwards by the pipe twisting machine while the concrete is poured, when the protective cylinder with the length of about 4 meters is pulled out, the concrete pouring and the pipe pulling are stopped, the protective cylinder with the length of 4 meters and the guide pipe with the length of 6 meters are detached, and the hopper is detached first. When the protective cylinder and the guide pipe are detached, the protective cylinder and the guide pipe are hooked by a large hook and a small hook of a crane, a worker goes to detach the protective cylinder and the guide pipe, and after the protective cylinder and the guide pipe are detached, the hopper and the guide pipe are connected by the crane. And then, continuously pouring concrete without pulling out the pipe until the required concrete is completely poured into the protective cylinder, at the moment, lifting the hopper and the guide pipe by the crane, unloading the hopper and the guide pipe, and pulling out the protective cylinder to the concrete surface by the pipe twisting machine.
Step 8, sand filling of empty piles: the pile protection opening is lifted, the pile protection opening is installed at the top of the pile protection opening again, prepared sand is poured into the empty pile part through an excavator, the pouring amount of the sand is controlled when the first bucket of sand is poured, a small part of sand is taken firstly and slowly and uniformly poured into the pile, so that the concrete on the surface is completely covered by the sand, the pouring amount of the second bucket of sand can be increased, the second bucket of sand cannot be poured into the pile at one time, and then the sand can be smoothly poured until the sand surface is flush with the elevation of the original ground.
Step 9, tube drawing: the pile casing mouth protecting part is lifted, the steel wire rope connected with the pile casing is hooked by the large hook of the crane, the pipe twisting machine starts to pull the pipe upwards, the large hook is lifted upwards simultaneously until the pile casing is completely pulled, the pile casing is placed on the vacant ground beside the crane and is unloaded by the crane, and the pile is formed.
Step 10, positioning the next pile: when one pile is finished, the tail part of the pipe twisting machine is slightly lifted by a large hook of the crane, the crane moves simultaneously until the centre of the jaw of the pipe twisting machine is aligned with the centre of the pile hole of the next pile position, then the pipe twisting machine is put down, and then the construction of the next pile is started.
In step 3, when hard obstacles are encountered, the obstacles are broken by adopting the cross gravity impact hammer, the broken pieces are taken out by adopting the impact grab bucket again, and the soil in the pile casing is taken out by continuously using the impact grab bucket. In step 8, after the front two buckets of sand are poured, if the geological condition of the position is judged to be good in the soil taking process, the pile casing can be directly pulled out, and the pile hole position is protected. In step 9, the extracted protective cylinder needs to be washed clean by water in time, so that the collision damage of concrete blocks condensed on the cylinder wall to the grab bucket flushing and grabbing sheet during next soil taking is avoided.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention adopts the pipe twisting machine to embed the full pile casing for the hole forming of the cast-in-place pile, can effectively avoid the influence of various soft soil layers on the hole forming, has high construction speed, flexible treatment measures when encountering gravel layers, hard boulders and other geologies, and can effectively ensure the quality of the pile body without necking down, pile breaking and the like through practice verification of the treatment mode of the empty pile part.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the construction process of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a working diagram of hole forming of a full casing of the pipe twisting machine;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a long hollow pile part sand filling working condition.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the implementation process of the present invention includes:
step 1, positioning: the pipe twisting machine is placed on the pile position of the rotary-digging pile, the crawler crane, the crane chassis part and the pipe twisting machine connecting slide box are connected with each other, the tail part of the pipe twisting machine is lifted slightly by the crane which is used for hooking and descending the large part of the pipe twisting machine, then the crane is moved, the pipe twisting machine is placed on the proper pile position, and then the pipe twisting machine is put down.
Step 2, pile casing correction: the protective cylinder is lifted by a large hook of the crane through a steel wire rope and placed into the center of a jaw of the pipe twisting machine until the protective cylinder contacts the ground, and the adjusting cylinder is used for assisting adjustment until the protective cylinder reaches an accurate pile position. And lifting the jaw of the pipe twisting machine, clamping the protective cylinder, starting to rub towards the ground, simultaneously lifting the line in two directions of the pipe twisting machine, observing the verticality of the protective cylinder, if the protective cylinder is not vertical, adjusting the protective cylinder by using two lifting cylinders of the pipe twisting machine until the protective cylinder falls down and is twisted with the ground for about 2 meters, and when the protective cylinder is corrected, a crane hook is large and must be kept in a state of hooking the protective cylinder.
Step 3, soil grabbing: after the protective cylinder is corrected, the pipe twisting machine starts to work normally, the large hook of the crane is separated from the protective cylinder, then the protective opening of the protective cylinder is lifted and arranged at the top of the protective cylinder, the large hook is used for lifting the impact grab to grab the upper official cap, and the small hook is used for lifting the impact grab bucket to grab soil. When the soil grabbing is started, one half of the flushing grab bucket is placed in the protective cylinder, the time is suspended for about 1 second, and then the grab bucket freely falls and hooks to grab the soil. Due to complex geology, when grabbing soil, attention should be paid, and the soil can be grabbed only by advancing the protective cylinder.
Step 4, butt joint: when the height of the top of the protective cylinder from the jaw surface is only about 500mm, the pipe twisting and soil grabbing are stopped. At this time, the section 2 protective cylinder should be connected. The crane unloads the upper officer cap and the grab bucket, unloads the mouth of the protecting cylinder, then lifts the 2 nd section of protecting cylinder by a big hook, connects the protecting cylinder with the first section of protecting cylinder, and stands on the machine by a worker, and fixes and locks the protecting cylinder by a screw special for the butt connection of the protecting cylinder. At the same time, the crane hook must keep hanging the casing.
Step 5, forming holes: when the protective cylinder is estimated to be almost, the method of putting the lifting rope is adopted to measure the hole depth, and when the residual soil grabbing amount is small, the height of the punching-grabbing free falling body is reduced. To prevent the formation of holes too deep.
And step 6, casting the preorder. After the hole is formed, the crane unloads the punching grab handle cap and the grab bucket, then unloads the protective cylinder protective opening, the crane hook lifts the reinforcement cage by using a steel wire rope, carefully puts the reinforcement cage into the hole, the position of the reinforcement cage is adjusted by a worker beside the crane hook until the reinforcement cage is completely put into the hole, and then the steel wire rope is unloaded. After the steel reinforcement cage is placed, the guide pipe is hoisted by a crane and placed into the hole through the middle part of the steel reinforcement cage, so that the distance between the bottom of the guide pipe and the bottom of the hole is about 300mm, then the hopper is hoisted by the crane, and a worker connects the hopper and the guide pipe.
Step 7, pouring concrete: when the concrete is poured, the protective cylinder is pulled upwards by the pipe twisting machine while the concrete is poured, when the protective cylinder with the length of about 4 meters is pulled out, the concrete pouring and the pipe pulling are stopped, the protective cylinder with the length of 4 meters and the guide pipe with the length of 6 meters are detached, and the hopper is detached first. When the protective cylinder and the guide pipe are detached, the protective cylinder and the guide pipe are hooked by a large hook and a small hook of a crane, a worker goes to detach the protective cylinder and the guide pipe, and after the protective cylinder and the guide pipe are detached, the hopper and the guide pipe are connected by the crane. And then, continuously pouring concrete without pulling out the pipe until the required concrete is completely poured into the protective cylinder, at the moment, lifting the hopper and the guide pipe by the crane, unloading the hopper and the guide pipe, and pulling out the protective cylinder to the concrete surface by the pipe twisting machine.
Step 8, sand filling of empty piles: the pile protection opening is lifted, the pile protection opening is installed at the top of the pile protection opening again, prepared sand is poured into the empty pile part through an excavator, the pouring amount of the sand is controlled when the first bucket of sand is poured, a small part of sand is taken firstly and slowly and uniformly poured into the pile, so that the concrete on the surface is completely covered by the sand, the pouring amount of the second bucket of sand can be increased, the second bucket of sand cannot be poured into the pile at one time, and then the sand can be smoothly poured until the sand surface is flush with the elevation of the original ground.
Step 9, tube drawing: the pile casing mouth protecting part is lifted, the steel wire rope connected with the pile casing is hooked by the large hook of the crane, the pipe twisting machine starts to pull the pipe upwards, the large hook is lifted upwards simultaneously until the pile casing is completely pulled, the pile casing is placed on the vacant ground beside the crane and is unloaded by the crane, and the pile is formed.
Step 10, positioning the next pile: when one pile is finished, the tail part of the pipe twisting machine is slightly lifted by a large hook of the crane, the crane moves simultaneously until the centre of the jaw of the pipe twisting machine is aligned with the centre of the pile hole of the next pile position, then the pipe twisting machine is put down, and then the construction of the next pile is started.
It should be noted that in step 3, when a hard obstacle is encountered, the obstacle is broken by using the cross gravity impact hammer, the broken pieces are taken out by using the impact grab bucket again, and the soil in the pile casing is taken out by using the impact grab bucket continuously. In step 8, after the front two buckets of sand are poured, if the geological condition of the position is judged to be good in the soil taking process, the pile casing can be directly pulled out, and the pile hole position is protected. In step 9, the extracted protective cylinder needs to be washed clean by water in time, so that the collision damage of concrete blocks condensed on the cylinder wall to the grab bucket flushing and grabbing sheet during next soil taking is avoided.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes in the embodiments and/or modifications of the invention can be made, and equivalents and modifications of some features of the invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (6)

1. A construction method of a bored pile of a long hollow pile in complex geology is characterized by comprising the following steps: the construction process flow is as follows: construction preparation; the pipe twisting machine is positioned and centered; burying a full protection cylinder; forming a hole in the pile body; putting down a reinforcement cage; pouring concrete; lifting the bottom of the pile casing to the concrete surface; filling sand into the empty pile; and taking out the protective sleeve.
2. The method for constructing the bored pile of the long hollow pile in the complex geology according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in a complex geological condition, embedding the full protective cylinder by using a pipe rolling machine, and further performing pore-forming operation to avoid the influence of various soft soil layers on pore-forming; meanwhile, the boot with the diamond teeth is added at the bottom of the first section of protection cylinder, so that the protection cylinder is buried in complex geology.
3. The method for constructing the bored pile of the long hollow pile in the complex geology according to claim 2, wherein: in the pile body pore-forming process, when hard obstacles are met, the obstacles are broken by adopting the cross gravity impact hammer, the broken pieces are taken out by adopting the impact grab bucket again, the impact grab bucket is continuously used for taking out soil in the pile casing, and the pore-forming of the cast-in-place pile is completed.
4. The method for constructing the bored pile of the long hollow pile in the complex geology according to claim 2, wherein: the full protection cylinder is formed by splicing steel protection cylinders, and the protection cylinders are connected through bolts.
5. The method for constructing the bored pile of the long hollow pile in the complex geology according to claim 2, wherein: when the concrete is poured, pouring the concrete while pulling the protective cylinder upwards by using the pipe rolling machine when the pouring is started, stopping pouring the concrete and pulling the protective cylinder when the protective cylinder with the length of about 4 meters is pulled out, unloading the protective cylinder with the length of 4 meters and the guide pipe with the length of 6 meters, and unloading the hopper firstly; when the protective cylinder and the guide pipe are dismounted, the protective cylinder and the guide pipe are hooked by a large hook and a small hook of a crane, a worker goes to the protective cylinder and the guide pipe for dismounting, and after the dismounting is finished, the hopper and the guide pipe are connected by the crane; and then, continuously pouring the concrete without drawing the pipe until the required concrete is completely poured into the pile casing.
6. The method for constructing the bored pile of the long hollow pile in the complex geology according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: when the empty pile is filled with sand, the mouth of the pile casing is lifted, the pile casing is arranged at the top of the pile casing again, prepared sand is filled into the empty pile part by using an excavator, the filling amount of the sand is controlled when the first sand hopper is filled, a small part of sand is taken firstly and slowly and uniformly filled into the pile, so that the surface concrete is completely covered by the sand, the filling amount of the second sand hopper is increased, but the sand hopper is not poured once, when the height of a sand layer in the empty pile is 1.5 m, the sand layer tends to be stable, and a large amount of sand is filled until the sand surface is flush with the elevation of the original ground.
CN202011355218.0A 2020-11-27 2020-11-27 Construction method of bored pile of long hollow pile in complex geology Pending CN112392044A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106149683A (en) * 2015-04-23 2016-11-23 五冶集团上海有限公司 A kind of cast-in-place pile construction method using double casing to pass through deep metalling
CN110273416A (en) * 2018-03-14 2019-09-24 温州长城基础工程有限公司 A kind of soft clay area is with duplexing skill without mud without joint bar bored concrete pile after sediment
CN210530860U (en) * 2019-04-23 2020-05-15 天津大学 Deep-buried blocking barrier for controlling deformation of tunnel outside foundation pit

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106149683A (en) * 2015-04-23 2016-11-23 五冶集团上海有限公司 A kind of cast-in-place pile construction method using double casing to pass through deep metalling
CN110273416A (en) * 2018-03-14 2019-09-24 温州长城基础工程有限公司 A kind of soft clay area is with duplexing skill without mud without joint bar bored concrete pile after sediment
CN210530860U (en) * 2019-04-23 2020-05-15 天津大学 Deep-buried blocking barrier for controlling deformation of tunnel outside foundation pit

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
刘雪文: "桩基全套筒配合反循环钻机磨岩施工工艺研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库(工程科技Ⅱ辑)》 *

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