CN112384391A - Air conditioner for vehicle - Google Patents

Air conditioner for vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112384391A
CN112384391A CN201980047578.3A CN201980047578A CN112384391A CN 112384391 A CN112384391 A CN 112384391A CN 201980047578 A CN201980047578 A CN 201980047578A CN 112384391 A CN112384391 A CN 112384391A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
battery
air
refrigerant
cooling
heat
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201980047578.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
宫腰龙
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Sanden Corp
Original Assignee
Sanden Automotive Climate Systems Corp
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Publication date
Application filed by Sanden Automotive Climate Systems Corp filed Critical Sanden Automotive Climate Systems Corp
Publication of CN112384391A publication Critical patent/CN112384391A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
    • B60H1/00278—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit for the battery
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B60H1/00899—Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system
    • B60H1/00921—Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system where the flow direction of the refrigerant does not change and there is an extra subcondenser, e.g. in an air duct
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
    • B60H1/3228—Cooling devices using compression characterised by refrigerant circuit configurations
    • B60H1/32281—Cooling devices using compression characterised by refrigerant circuit configurations comprising a single secondary circuit, e.g. at evaporator or condenser side
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
    • B60H1/323—Cooling devices using compression characterised by comprising auxiliary or multiple systems, e.g. plurality of evaporators, or by involving auxiliary cooling devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
    • B60K11/02—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with liquid cooling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/66—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells
    • H01M10/663—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells the system being an air-conditioner or an engine
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
    • B60H2001/00307—Component temperature regulation using a liquid flow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B60H2001/00949—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices comprising additional heating/cooling sources, e.g. second evaporator
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
    • B60K11/02—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with liquid cooling
    • B60K11/04—Arrangement or mounting of radiators, radiator shutters, or radiator blinds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/003—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/005—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units the electric storage means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

Provided is a vehicle air conditioning device which can ensure the heat dissipation amount in a refrigerant circuit and reliably cool a battery during a cooling operation of the battery. When it is determined that the temperature or humidity in the vehicle interior needs to be adjusted and it is determined that the battery (B) needs to be cooled, the outdoor heat exchanger (22) is caused to function as a radiator. Thus, the heat of the refrigerant can be reliably absorbed in the heat absorber (14) and the heat-medium heat exchanger (24), and therefore, the lack of cooling capacity when cooling the battery (B) and cooling the air supplied into the vehicle interior can be suppressed.

Description

Air conditioner for vehicle
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a vehicle air conditioning device applied to a vehicle including a battery that supplies electric power to an electric motor for traveling, such as an electric vehicle and a hybrid vehicle.
Background
Conventionally, such a vehicle air conditioning system is provided with a refrigerant circuit including a compressor, an indoor heat exchanger, an outdoor heat exchanger, and an expansion valve, and cools, heats, dehumidifies, and the like the vehicle interior by supplying air, which has exchanged heat with the refrigerant in the indoor heat exchanger, into the vehicle interior.
In addition, as a vehicle on which the vehicle air conditioning device is mounted, there is a vehicle such as an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle that includes a battery for running for supplying electric power to an electric motor as a driving source. When the vehicle is continuously driven or the battery is rapidly charged, the battery may emit heat to reach a high temperature.
Therefore, in the vehicle, there is known a configuration in which the battery for running is connected to a cooling water circuit for cooling the battery for running, and the cooling water circuit is connected to a refrigerant circuit via a water-refrigerant heat exchanger (for example, see patent document 1). In the vehicle, the following battery cooling operation is performed: the battery for running is cooled by the cooling water flowing through the cooling water circuit, and the cooling water that has absorbed heat by cooling the battery for running is heat-exchanged with the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit to dissipate the heat.
Documents of the prior art
Patent document
Patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open publication No. 2018-43741.
Disclosure of Invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
In the vehicle air conditioning system, for example, the outdoor heat exchanger functions as a heat absorber in a state where the vehicle interior is being warmed. Therefore, in the vehicle air conditioning system, when the battery cooling operation is performed simultaneously with the heating of the vehicle interior, heat is absorbed in the outdoor heat exchanger and the water-refrigerant heat exchanger, and heat is released in the indoor heat exchanger. In this case, when the heating load in the vehicle interior is small and the cooling load of the battery is large, the amount of heat radiated from the refrigerant circuit is small, and the amount of heat absorption required is insufficient, and there is a possibility that the battery cannot be sufficiently cooled.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a vehicle air conditioning device that can reliably cool a battery while ensuring the amount of heat dissipated in a refrigerant circuit during a cooling operation of the battery.
Means for solving the problems
In order to achieve the above object, a vehicle air conditioning device according to the present invention is a vehicle air conditioning device having a battery cooling function of cooling a battery that supplies electric power to an electric motor for vehicle travel, the vehicle air conditioning device including: a compressor compressing a refrigerant; an indoor heat exchanger for exchanging heat between air supplied into a vehicle interior and a refrigerant; a heat absorber for cooling the battery, which absorbs heat emitted from the battery; an outdoor heat exchanger for exchanging heat between air outside the vehicle and the refrigerant; an air conditioning determination unit configured to determine whether or not adjustment of temperature or humidity in the vehicle interior is required; a battery cooling determination unit that determines whether or not cooling of the battery is required; and an outdoor heat exchanger setting unit that causes the outdoor heat exchanger to function as a radiator when the air conditioning determination unit determines that the adjustment of the temperature or humidity in the vehicle interior is necessary and the battery cooling determination unit determines that the battery cooling is necessary.
As a result, the refrigerant radiates heat in the outdoor heat exchanger, and therefore the refrigerant can be reliably absorbed in the indoor heat exchanger and the heat absorber for cooling the battery.
Effects of the invention
According to the present invention, the heat exchanger for cooling the battery and the heat absorber for cooling the battery, which function as heat absorbers, can reliably absorb heat from the refrigerant, and therefore, the lack of cooling capacity during cooling of the battery and cooling of the air supplied into the vehicle interior can be suppressed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a vehicle air conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing a control system.
Fig. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of a vehicle air conditioning system that performs only a battery cooling operation.
Fig. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of a vehicle air conditioning apparatus that performs an air conditioning operation and a battery cooling operation simultaneously.
Fig. 5 is a flowchart showing the operation switching control process.
Fig. 6 is a flowchart showing the operation switching control process.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 to 6 are views showing an embodiment of the present invention.
The vehicle air-conditioning apparatus 1 of the present invention is applied to a vehicle that can travel by the driving force of an electric motor, such as an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle.
The vehicle includes an electric motor for traveling and a battery B for traveling that stores electric power supplied to the electric motor.
Battery B discharges heat when supplying electric power to the electric motor or charging while the vehicle is traveling. Battery B can be charged quickly in a short time by increasing one or both of the voltage and the current of the supplied electric power, and the amount of heat dissipation is particularly large during quick charging. The battery B is preferably used in a range of, for example, 10 to 30 ℃, and if the battery B is heated to a high temperature of 50 ℃ or higher, deterioration is promoted. Therefore, it is necessary to cool battery B as necessary to maintain a temperature of less than a predetermined temperature T1 (for example, 50 ℃).
The vehicle air conditioning system 1 has a battery cooling function for cooling the battery B. As shown in fig. 1, the vehicle air-conditioning apparatus 1 includes an air-conditioning unit 10 provided in a vehicle interior of a vehicle, a refrigerant circuit 20 provided across the vehicle interior and the vehicle exterior, and a heat medium circuit 30 for circulating a heat medium for absorbing heat released from the battery B.
The air conditioning unit 10 includes an airflow passage 11 through which air supplied into the vehicle interior flows. An outside air inlet 11a for allowing air outside the vehicle compartment to flow into the air flow path 11 and an inside air inlet 11b for allowing air inside the vehicle compartment to flow into the air flow path 11 are provided at one end of the air flow path 11. Further, at the other end side of the air flow passage 11, there are provided a FOOT (FOOT) outlet (not shown) that blows air flowing through the air flow passage 11 toward the FOOT of the occupant, a VENT (VENT) outlet (not shown) that blows air toward the upper body of the occupant, and a Defogging (DEF) outlet (not shown) that blows air toward the surface of the front glass of the vehicle inside the cabin.
An indoor fan 12 such as a sirocco fan (sirocco fan) for circulating air from one end side to the other end side of the air flow passage 11 is provided at one end side in the air flow passage 11.
An intake port switching damper 13 is provided at one end of the airflow path 11, and the intake port switching damper 13 can open one of the external air intake port 11a and the internal air intake port 11b and close the other. The suction port switching damper 13 can switch: an external air supply mode in which the internal air inlet 11b is closed and the external air inlet 11a is opened; an internal gas circulation mode in which the external gas inlet 11a is closed and the internal gas inlet 11b is opened; and an internal/external air suction mode in which the external air suction port 11a and the internal air suction port 11b are opened by being positioned between the external air suction port 11a and the internal air suction port 11b, respectively.
A heat absorber 14, which is an indoor heat exchanger for cooling and dehumidifying the air flowing through the airflow passage 11, is provided on the downstream side of the airflow passage 11 in the airflow direction of the indoor fan 12. Further, a radiator 15 as an indoor heat exchanger for heating the air flowing through the air flow path 11 is provided on the downstream side of the heat absorber 14 in the air flow direction in the air flow path 11.
The radiator 15 is disposed on one side in the orthogonal direction of the airflow passage 11, and a radiator bypass flow passage 11c that bypasses the radiator 15 is formed on the other side in the orthogonal direction of the airflow passage 11. An air heater 16 for heating air supplied into the vehicle interior is provided on the air flow path 11 on the downstream side of the radiator 15 in the air flow direction.
An air mix damper 17 is provided between the heat absorber 14 and the radiator 15 in the air flow path 11, and the air mix damper 17 adjusts the ratio of air heated by the radiator 15 in the air having passed through the heat absorber 14. The air mix damper 17 closes one of the radiator bypass flow passage 11c and the radiator 15 to the upstream side in the air flow direction and opens the other thereof, or opens both of the radiator bypass flow passage 11c and the radiator 15 to adjust the opening degree of the radiator 15 to the upstream side in the air flow direction, at the upstream side in the air flow direction of the radiator 15 and the radiator bypass flow passage 11 c. The opening degree of the air mix damper 17 is 0% in a state where the radiator bypass flow passage 11c is opened by closing the upstream side in the air flow direction of the radiator 15 in the air flow passage 11, and is 100% in a state where the radiator bypass flow passage 11c is closed by opening the upstream side in the air flow direction of the radiator 15 in the air flow passage 11.
The refrigerant circuit 20 includes: the heat absorber 14; the aforementioned heat sink 15; a compressor 21 for compressing a refrigerant; an outdoor heat exchanger 22 for heat-exchanging refrigerant with air outside the vehicle compartment; an internal heat exchanger 23 for exchanging heat between the refrigerant flowing into the heat absorber 14 and the refrigerant flowing out of the heat absorber 14; a heat exchanger 24 as a heat absorber for cooling the battery, for exchanging heat between the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit 20 and the heat medium flowing through the heat medium circuit 30; an electronic 1 st expansion valve 25a capable of adjusting a valve opening between fully closed and fully open; mechanical 2 nd and 3 rd expansion valves 25b and 25c that adjust the valve opening degree in accordance with the temperature change of the refrigerant at the outlets of the heat absorber 14 and the heat medium heat exchanger 24; 1 st to 5 th electromagnetic valves 26a, 26b, 26c, 26d, 26e as flow path opening/closing valves for opening/closing the flow path of the refrigerant; a check valve 27 for restricting the direction of flow of the refrigerant in the refrigerant flow path; and an accumulator (accumulator) 28 for separating the gaseous refrigerant from the liquid refrigerant to prevent the liquid refrigerant from being sucked by the compressor 21; they are connected with, for example, aluminum pipes, copper pipes. As the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit 20, for example, R-134a or the like is used.
The outdoor heat exchanger 22 is disposed outside the vehicle compartment such as an engine compartment so that the direction of air heat-exchanged with the refrigerant flows in the front-rear direction of the vehicle. An outdoor fan 22d for circulating air outside the vehicle in the front-rear direction when the vehicle is stopped is provided in the vicinity of the outdoor heat exchanger 22. The outdoor heat exchanger 22 includes: a main body portion 22a for dissipating or absorbing heat from the refrigerant; a receiver (receiver) portion 22b for flowing the heat-radiated refrigerant thereinto and separating the gas-liquid refrigerant from the liquid refrigerant; and a subcooling portion 22c for subcooling the liquid refrigerant flowing out of the reservoir portion 22 b.
Specifically describing the configuration of the refrigerant circuit 20, the refrigerant flow path 20a is formed by connecting the refrigerant inflow side of the radiator 15 to the refrigerant discharge side of the compressor 21. The refrigerant flow path 20b is formed by connecting the refrigerant inflow side of the outdoor heat exchanger 22 to the refrigerant outflow side of the radiator 15. The 1 st expansion valve 25a is provided in the refrigerant flow passage 20 b. The refrigerant flow passage 20c is formed by connecting the refrigerant inflow side of the receiver portion 22b to the refrigerant outflow side of the main body portion 22a in the outdoor heat exchanger 22. The 1 st solenoid valve 26a is provided in the refrigerant flow path 20 c. The refrigerant outflow side of the receiver portion 22b in the outdoor heat exchanger 22 is connected to the refrigerant inflow side of the subcooling portion 22 c. The refrigerant flow passage 20d is formed by connecting the high-pressure refrigerant inflow side of the inner heat exchanger 23 to the refrigerant outflow side of the subcooling part 22 c. The refrigerant inflow side of the heat absorber 14 is connected to the high-pressure refrigerant outflow side of the inner heat exchanger 23, thereby forming the refrigerant flow passage 20 e. The refrigerant flow passage 20e is provided with a check valve 27, a 2 nd solenoid valve 26b, and a 2 nd expansion valve 25b in this order from the side of the internal heat exchanger 23. The refrigerant flow passage 20f is formed by connecting the low-pressure refrigerant inflow side of the inner heat exchanger 23 to the refrigerant outflow side of the heat absorber 14. The refrigerant flow passage 20g is formed by connecting the refrigerant suction side of the compressor 21 to the low-pressure refrigerant outflow side of the inner heat exchanger 23. An accumulator 28 is provided in the refrigerant flow passage 20 g. Further, by bypassing the outdoor heat exchanger 22, the portion between the check valve 27 and the 2 nd solenoid valve 26b in the refrigerant flow path 20e is connected to the portion between the radiator 15 and the 1 st expansion valve 25a in the refrigerant flow path 20b, thereby forming the refrigerant flow path 20 h. The 3 rd solenoid valve 26c is provided in the refrigerant flow path 20 h. The refrigerant flow path 20i is formed by connecting the portion between the inner heat exchanger 23 and the accumulator 28 in the refrigerant flow path 20g to the portion between the main body portion 22a of the outdoor heat exchanger 22 and the 1 st solenoid valve 26a in the refrigerant flow path 20 c. The 4 th solenoid valve 26d is provided in the refrigerant flow path 20 i. Further, the refrigerant inflow side of the heat medium heat exchanger 24 is connected between the check valve 27 and the 2 nd solenoid valve 26b in the refrigerant flow passage 20e, thereby forming a refrigerant flow passage 20 j. In the refrigerant flow passage 20j, the 5 th solenoid valve 26e and the 3 rd expansion valve 25c are provided in this order from the refrigerant flow passage 20e side. A refrigerant flow path 20k is formed by connecting a portion between the accumulator 28 and the refrigerant suction side of the compressor 21 in the refrigerant flow path 20g to the refrigerant outflow side of the heat medium heat exchanger 24.
The heating medium circuit 30 includes the heating medium heat exchanger 24, a heating medium pump 31 for pumping the heating medium, and a battery B, and these are connected to each other by, for example, an aluminum pipe or a copper pipe. As the heat medium flowing through the heat medium circuit 30, for example, an antifreeze such as ethylene glycol is used.
Specifically, the heat medium inflow side of the heat medium heat exchanger 24 is connected to the heat medium discharge side of the heat medium pump 31, thereby forming the heat medium flow passage 30 a. The heat medium flow passage 30B is formed by connecting the heat medium inflow side of the battery B to the heat medium outflow side of the heat medium heat exchanger 24. The heat medium circulation passage 30c is formed by connecting the heat medium suction side of the heat medium pump 31 to the heat medium outflow side of the battery B.
The vehicle air conditioning system 1 further includes a controller 40, and the controller 40 performs control for setting the temperature and humidity in the vehicle interior to a set temperature and humidity, and control for cooling the battery B to a predetermined temperature or lower.
The controller 40 has a CPU, ROM, and RAM. The controller 40, if receiving an input signal from a device connected on the input side, reads out a program stored in the ROM based on the input signal, and stores a state detected from the input signal into the RAM or transmits an output signal to a device connected on the output side.
On the input side of the controller 40, as shown in fig. 2, there are connected: a compressor 21; an outside air temperature sensor 41 for detecting the temperature Tam outside the vehicle compartment; an internal gas temperature sensor 42 for detecting a temperature Tr in the vehicle interior; an intake air temperature sensor 43 for detecting a temperature Ti of the air flowing into the air flow passage 11; a cooling air temperature sensor 44 for detecting a temperature Te of air cooled in the heat sink 14; a heated air temperature sensor 45 for detecting the temperature Tc of the air heated in the radiator 15; an internal air humidity sensor 46 for detecting humidity Rh in the vehicle interior; a refrigerant temperature sensor 47 for detecting a temperature Thex of the refrigerant heat-exchanged in the outdoor heat exchanger 22; a solar radiation sensor 48, for example, of a photoelectric sensor type, for detecting a solar radiation amount Ts; a speed sensor 49 for detecting a speed V of the vehicle; a pressure sensor 50 for detecting a pressure Pd on the high-pressure side of the refrigerant circuit 20; a heat medium temperature sensor 51 for detecting the temperature of the heat medium flowing out of the heat medium heat exchanger 24 in the heat medium circuit 30; a setting operation unit 52 for setting a set temperature Tset in the vehicle interior by the passenger and for switching the operation contents of the air conditioning; and a battery B.
As shown in fig. 2, the output side of the controller 40 is connected to a display unit 53 as a notification means, such as the air heater 16, the compressor 21, the 1 st expansion valve 25a, the 1 st to 5 th electromagnetic valves 26a, 26b, 26c, 26d, and 26e, and a liquid crystal display for displaying information such as the temperature in the vehicle interior and the operating state.
In the vehicle air conditioning system 1 configured as described above, the temperature and humidity of the air in the vehicle interior are adjusted using the air conditioning unit 10 and the refrigerant circuit 20. Specifically, the vehicle air conditioning system 1 performs: cooling operation to lower the temperature in the vehicle interior; dehumidifying and cooling operation to reduce the humidity and temperature in the vehicle interior; heating operation to raise the temperature in the vehicle interior; and a dehumidification heating operation for lowering the humidity and raising the temperature in the vehicle interior.
For example, when the cooling operation is performed, the indoor blower 12 is driven and the air mixing damper 17 is set to an opening degree of 0% in the air conditioning unit 10. In the refrigerant circuit 20, the compressor 21 is driven in a state where the 1 st expansion valve 25a is fully opened, the 1 st and 2 nd solenoid valves 26a, 26b are opened, and the 3 rd to 5 th solenoid valves 26c, 26d, 26e are closed. Further, the heat medium pump 31 is driven in the heat medium circuit 30.
Thus, in the refrigerant circuit 20, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 21 flows through the refrigerant flow passage 20a, the radiator 15, the refrigerant flow passage 20b, the main body portion 22a of the outdoor heat exchanger 22, the refrigerant flow passage 20c, the receiver portion 22b, the subcooling portion 22c, the refrigerant flow passage 20d, the high-pressure side of the internal heat exchanger 23, the refrigerant flow passage 20e, the heat absorber 14, the refrigerant flow passage 20f, the low-pressure side of the internal heat exchanger 23, and the refrigerant flow passage 20g in this order, as indicated by the solid-line arrows in fig. 1, and is sucked into the compressor 21.
In the heating medium circuit 30, the heating medium discharged from the heating medium pump 31 flows through the heating medium flow passage 30a, the heating medium heat exchanger 24, the heating medium flow passage 30B, the battery B, and the heating medium flow passage 30c in this order as indicated by the broken-line arrows in fig. 1, and is sucked into the heating medium pump 31.
Since the opening degree of the air mix damper 17 is 0%, the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit 20 does not radiate heat to the radiator 15, but radiates heat to the outdoor heat exchanger 22, and absorbs heat to the heat absorber 14.
The air flowing through the air flow path 11 is cooled to the target outlet air temperature TAO by heat exchange with the refrigerant that has absorbed heat in the heat absorber 14, and is blown into the vehicle interior.
The heat medium flowing through the heat medium circuit 30 is not subjected to heat exchange with the refrigerant in the heat medium heat exchanger 24, and is heated by the heat released from the battery B in the battery B.
In the dehumidification-air cooling operation in which the temperature and humidity in the vehicle interior are reduced, for example, the opening degree of the air mix damper 17 of the air conditioning unit 10 is set to an opening degree greater than 0% in the flow path of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 20 during the cooling operation.
Thereby, the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit 20 radiates heat in the radiator 15 and the outdoor heat exchanger 22, and absorbs heat in the heat absorber 14.
The air flowing through the airflow path 11 is dehumidified and cooled by heat exchange with the refrigerant that has absorbed heat in the heat absorber 14, heated to the target outlet air temperature TAO in the radiator 15, and blown into the vehicle interior.
In the dehumidification-air heating operation in which the humidity in the vehicle interior is lowered and the temperature is raised, for example, the 1 st expansion valve 25a is set to a predetermined valve opening smaller than the full opening in the flow path of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 20 during the cooling operation. Further, the opening degree of the air mix damper 17 of the air conditioning unit 10 is set to an opening degree greater than 0%.
Thereby, the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit 20 radiates heat in the radiator 15, and absorbs heat in the outdoor heat exchanger 22 and the heat absorber 14.
The air flowing through the airflow path 11 of the air-conditioning unit 10 is dehumidified and cooled by heat exchange with the refrigerant that has absorbed heat in the heat absorber 14, heated to the target outlet air temperature TAO in the radiator 15, and then blown out.
Further, the vehicle air conditioning system 1 performs a battery cooling operation for cooling the battery B using the refrigerant circuit 20 and the heat medium circuit 30.
In the case of a battery cooling only operation in which only the battery B is cooled without adjusting the temperature and humidity in the vehicle interior, the air conditioning unit 10 stops the driving of the indoor fan 12 and sets the opening degree of the air mixing damper 17 to 0%. In the refrigerant circuit 20, the compressor 21 is driven in a state where the 1 st expansion valve 25a is fully opened, the 1 st and 5 th electromagnetic valves 26a, 26e are opened, and the 2 nd to 4 th electromagnetic valves 26b, 26c, 26d are closed. Further, the heat medium pump 31 is driven in the heat medium circuit 30.
Thus, in the refrigerant circuit 20, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 21 flows through the refrigerant flow passage 20a, the radiator 15, the refrigerant flow passage 20b, the main body portion 22a of the outdoor heat exchanger 22, the refrigerant flow passage 20c, the receiver portion 22b, the subcooling portion 22c, the refrigerant flow passage 20d, the high-pressure side of the internal heat exchanger 23, the refrigerant flow passages 20e and 20j, the heat medium heat exchanger 24, and the refrigerant flow passages 20k and 20g in this order as indicated by solid arrows in fig. 3, and is sucked into the compressor 21.
In the heating medium circuit 30, the heating medium discharged from the heating medium pump 31 flows through the heating medium flow passage 30a, the heating medium heat exchanger 24, the heating medium flow passage 30B, the battery B, and the heating medium flow passage 30c in this order as indicated by the broken-line arrows in fig. 3, and is sucked into the heating medium pump 31.
Since the indoor fan 12 is stopped and the opening degree of the air mixing damper 17 is 0%, the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit 20 does not radiate heat to the radiator 15, but radiates heat to the outdoor heat exchanger 22 and absorbs heat to the heat medium heat exchanger 24.
The heat medium flowing through the heat medium circuit 30 is cooled by heat exchange with the refrigerant that has absorbed heat in the heat medium heat exchanger 24, and is heated by heat released from the battery B in the battery B.
The battery B is cooled by the heat medium cooled in the heat medium heat exchanger 24.
In the case where the battery cooling operation is performed simultaneously with the cooling operation, the indoor blower 12 is driven and the air mix door 17 is set to an opening degree of 0% in the air conditioning unit 10. In the refrigerant circuit 20, the compressor 21 is driven in a state where the 1 st expansion valve 25a is fully opened, the 1 st and 2 nd solenoid valves 26a and 26b are opened, the 3 rd and 4 th solenoid valves 26c and 26d are closed, and the 5 th solenoid valve 26e is opened. Further, the heat medium pump 31 is driven in the heat medium circuit 30.
Thus, in the refrigerant circuit 20, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 21 flows through the refrigerant flow passage 20a, the radiator 15, the refrigerant flow passage 20b, the main body portion 22a of the outdoor heat exchanger 22, the refrigerant flow passage 20c, the receiver portion 22b, the subcooling portion 22c, the refrigerant flow passage 20d, the high-pressure side of the internal heat exchanger 23, and the refrigerant flow passage 20e in this order, as indicated by the solid arrows in fig. 4. Part of the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant flow passage 22e flows through the heat absorber 14, the refrigerant flow passage 20f, the low-pressure side of the internal heat exchanger 23, and the refrigerant flow passage 20g in this order, and is sucked into the compressor 21. The other refrigerant flowing through refrigerant flow path 22e flows through refrigerant flow path 20j, heat medium heat exchanger 24, and refrigerant flow paths 20k and 20g in this order, and is sucked into compressor 21.
In the heating medium circuit 30, the heating medium discharged from the heating medium pump 31 flows through the heating medium flow passage 30a, the heating medium heat exchanger 24, the heating medium flow passage 30B, the battery B, and the heating medium flow passage 30c in this order as indicated by the broken-line arrows in fig. 4, and is sucked into the heating medium pump 31.
Since the opening degree of the air mix damper 17 is 0%, the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit 20 does not radiate heat to the radiator 15, but radiates heat to the outdoor heat exchanger 22, and absorbs heat to the heat absorber 14 and the heat medium heat exchanger 24.
The air flowing through the air flow path 11 is cooled to the target outlet air temperature TAO by heat exchange with the refrigerant that has absorbed heat in the heat absorber 14, and is blown into the vehicle interior.
The heat medium flowing through the heat medium circuit 30 is cooled by heat exchange with the refrigerant that has absorbed heat in the heat medium heat exchanger 24, and is heated by heat released from the battery B in the battery B.
The battery B is cooled by the heat medium cooled in the heat medium heat exchanger 24.
Here, in the case where the refrigerant is caused to absorb heat simultaneously in the heat absorber 14 and the heat medium heat exchanger 24, such as in the case where the battery cooling operation is performed simultaneously with the cooling operation or the dehumidification cooling operation, the outdoor heat exchanger 22 is caused to function as a radiator as the outdoor heat exchanger setting means in order to reliably release the heat absorbed by the refrigerant.
Further, the controller 40 performs the following operation switching control process: the start and stop of the air-conditioning operation by the air-conditioning unit 10 and the refrigerant circuit 20, and the start and stop of the battery cooling operation by the refrigerant circuit 20 and the heat medium circuit 30 are switched. The operation of the controller 40 at this time will be described with reference to the flowcharts of fig. 5 and 6.
(step S1)
In step S1, the CPU determines as the quick charge determination means whether or not the battery B is being charged by quick charging. If it is determined that battery B is being charged by rapid charging, the process proceeds to step S16, and if it is not determined that battery B is being charged by rapid charging, the process proceeds to step S2.
Here, whether or not battery B is charged by rapid charging is determined based on detected values of voltage and current of electric power supplied to battery B.
(step S2)
If it is not determined in step S1 that battery B is being charged by rapid charging, in step S2, the CPU determines whether or not cooling of battery B is necessary and air conditioning in the vehicle interior such as a dehumidification-air heating operation is necessary, as battery cooling determination means and air conditioning determination means. If it is determined that cooling of battery B is necessary and air conditioning in the vehicle interior such as dehumidification and heating operation is necessary, the process proceeds to step S3, and if it is not determined that cooling of battery B is necessary and air conditioning in the vehicle interior such as dehumidification and heating operation is necessary, the process proceeds to step S10.
Here, whether or not cooling of battery B is necessary is determined based on temperature Tw of the heating medium flowing through heating medium circuit 30 detected by heating medium temperature sensor 51.
Whether or not air conditioning in the vehicle interior is required is determined based on the difference between the set temperature Tset set by the occupant and the temperature Tr detected by the interior air temperature sensor 42, and the humidity Rh detected by the interior air humidity sensor 46.
(step S3)
When it is determined in step S2 that cooling of battery B is necessary and air conditioning in the vehicle interior such as a dehumidification-air heating operation is necessary, the CPU determines in step S3 as air conditioning determination means whether or not dehumidification and cooling in the vehicle interior are unnecessary. If it is determined that dehumidification and cooling in the vehicle interior are not necessary, the process proceeds to step S5, and if it is not determined that dehumidification and cooling in the vehicle interior are not necessary, the process proceeds to step S4.
Here, the determination as to whether dehumidification is necessary in the vehicle interior is performed based on an input of switching between execution of dehumidification and release of execution of the setting operation unit 52.
(step S4)
If it is not determined in step S3 that dehumidification or cooling of the vehicle interior is not necessary, the CPU sets a battery cooling/air conditioning mode in which the valve opening degree of the 1 st expansion valve 25a is fully opened in the refrigerant circuit 20 as the outdoor heat exchanger setting means, the outdoor heat exchanger 22 is caused to function as a radiator, the 2 nd and 5 th electromagnetic valves 26b and 26e are opened, the air flowing through the air flow path 11 is cooled by the heat absorber 14, and the heat medium flowing through the heat medium circuit 30 is cooled by the heat medium heat exchanger 24, and shifts the process to step S6 in step S4.
Here, by setting the opening degree of the air mix damper 17 to be larger than 0%, the air flowing through the air flow passage 11 is heated by the radiator 15.
In the battery cooling priority mode in which cooling of the battery B is prioritized with respect to cooling of the vehicle interior, the rotation speed of the compressor 21 is controlled so that the temperature Tw of the heat medium detected by the heat medium temperature sensor 51 becomes the target heat medium temperature twoo. In the battery cooling priority mode, the flow of the refrigerant in the heat absorber 14 is adjusted by opening and closing the 2 nd electromagnetic valve 26b, and the temperature of the refrigerant in the heat absorber 14 is controlled.
In the air-conditioning priority mode in which cooling of the vehicle interior is prioritized with respect to cooling of the battery B, the rotation speed of the compressor 21 is controlled so that the temperature Te of the air detected by the cooling air temperature sensor 44 becomes the target cooling air temperature TEO. In the air-conditioning priority mode, the flow of the refrigerant in the heat medium heat exchanger 24 is adjusted by opening and closing the 5 th electromagnetic valve 26e, and the temperature of the refrigerant in the heat medium heat exchanger 24 is controlled.
(step S5)
When it is determined in step S3 that dehumidification and cooling of the vehicle interior are not necessary, the CPU sets a battery cooling only mode in which the valve opening degree of the 1 st expansion valve 25a is fully opened to cause the outdoor heat exchanger 22 to function as a radiator, the 2 nd electromagnetic valve 26b is closed to stop cooling of the air flowing through the air flow passage 11 by the heat absorber 14, the 5 th electromagnetic valve 26e is opened, and the heat medium flowing through the heat medium circuit 30 is cooled by the heat medium heat exchanger 24 in the refrigerant circuit 20, and shifts the process to step S6 in step S5.
Here, when the opening degree of the air mix damper 17 is made larger than 0%, the air flowing through the air flow passage 11 is heated by the radiator 15 as the supply air heating means.
(step S6)
In step S6, the CPU displays the content of the battery cooling operation on the display unit 53, and the process proceeds to step S7.
(step S7)
In step S7, the CPU determines whether the amount of heat radiated from the radiator 15 is insufficient. If it is determined that the amount of heat radiated from the radiator 15 is insufficient, the process proceeds to step S8, and if it is not determined that the amount of heat radiated from the radiator 15 is insufficient, the process proceeds to step S9.
Here, the insufficient heat radiation amount from the radiator 15 means that the state in which the temperature Tc of the air heated in the radiator 15 detected by the heated air temperature sensor 45 is lower than the target heated air temperature TCO by the predetermined temperature α continues for a predetermined time.
(step S8)
If it is determined in step S7 that the amount of heat dissipated by the radiator 15 is insufficient, the CPU drives the air heater 16 as the insufficient heat compensation means and the supplied air heating means in step S8, and ends the operation switching control process.
(step S9)
If it is not determined in step S7 that the amount of heat dissipated by the radiator 15 is insufficient, the CPU stops driving of the air heater 16 in step S9, and ends the operation switching control process.
(step S10)
If it is not determined in step S2 that cooling of battery B is necessary and air conditioning in the vehicle interior such as dehumidification and heating operation is necessary, the CPU determines in step S10 as air conditioning determination means whether or not air conditioning in the vehicle interior such as dehumidification and heating operation is necessary. If it is determined that air conditioning in the vehicle interior is necessary, the process proceeds to step S11, and if it is not determined that air conditioning in the vehicle interior is necessary, the process proceeds to step S12.
Here, whether or not air conditioning in the vehicle interior is required is determined based on the difference between the set temperature Tset set by the occupant and the temperature Tr detected by the interior air temperature sensor 42, and the humidity Rh detected by the interior air humidity sensor 46.
(step S11)
If it is determined in step S10 that air conditioning in the vehicle interior is necessary, in step S11, the CPU sets an air conditioning single mode in which a normal air conditioning operation such as a cooling operation, a dehumidifying cooling operation, a heating operation, and a dehumidifying heating operation is performed, and ends the operation switching control process.
(step S12)
If it is not determined in step S10 that air conditioning in the vehicle interior is necessary, the CPU determines in step S12 as battery cooling determination means whether or not cooling of battery B is necessary. If it is determined that cooling of battery B is necessary, the process proceeds to step S13, and if it is not determined that cooling of battery B is necessary, the process proceeds to step S15.
Here, whether or not cooling of battery B is necessary is determined based on temperature Tw of the heating medium flowing through heating medium circuit 30 detected by heating medium temperature sensor 51.
(step S13)
When it is determined in step S12 that cooling of battery B is necessary, in step S13, the battery cooling only mode is set in which the valve opening degree of 1 st expansion valve 25a is fully opened in refrigerant circuit 20, outdoor heat exchanger 22 is caused to function as a radiator, 2 nd electromagnetic valve 26B is closed, cooling of air flowing through air flow passage 11 by heat absorber 14 is stopped, 5 th electromagnetic valve 26e is opened, and the heat medium flowing through heat medium circuit 30 is cooled by heat medium heat exchanger 24, and the process proceeds to step S14.
(step S14)
In step S14, the CPU displays the content of the battery cooling operation being performed on the display unit 53, and ends the operation switching control process.
(step S15)
If it is not determined in step S12 that cooling of battery B is necessary, in step S15, the CPU stops the air-conditioning operation and the battery cooling operation, and ends the operation switching control process.
Here, the stop of the air conditioning operation and the battery cooling operation is to stop the driving of the indoor fan 12 and the compressor 21 and to close the 2 nd and 5 th electromagnetic valves 26b and 26 e.
(step S16)
If it is determined in step S1 that battery B is being charged by rapid charging, in step S16, the CPU determines whether or not cooling of battery B is necessary as battery cooling determination means. If it is determined that cooling of battery B is necessary, the process proceeds to step S17, and if it is not determined that cooling of battery B is necessary, the process proceeds to step S18.
Here, whether or not cooling of battery B is necessary is determined based on temperature Tw of the heating medium flowing through heating medium circuit 30 detected by heating medium temperature sensor 51.
(step S17)
When it is determined in step S16 that cooling of battery B is necessary, in step S17, the CPU determines as air conditioning determination means whether or not air conditioning in the vehicle interior such as dehumidification-air heating operation is necessary. If it is determined that air conditioning in the vehicle interior is necessary, the process proceeds to step S3, and if it is not determined that air conditioning in the vehicle interior is necessary, the process proceeds to step S13.
Here, whether or not air conditioning in the vehicle interior is required is determined based on the difference between the set temperature Tset set by the occupant and the temperature Tr detected by the interior air temperature sensor 42, and the humidity Rh detected by the interior air humidity sensor 46.
(step S18)
If it is not determined in step S16 that cooling of battery B is necessary, in step S18, the CPU determines whether or not a determination that cooling of battery B is necessary has been made after the start of rapid charging. If it is determined that cooling of battery B is necessary after the start of rapid charging, the process proceeds to step S19 as the setting holding means, and if it is not determined that cooling of battery B is necessary after the start of rapid charging, the process proceeds to step S20.
(step S19)
When it is determined in step S18 that cooling of battery B is necessary after the start of rapid charging, in step S19, the CPU determines as air conditioning determination means whether or not air conditioning in the vehicle interior such as dehumidification-air heating operation is necessary. If it is determined that air conditioning in the vehicle interior is necessary, the process proceeds to step S3, and if it is not determined that air conditioning in the vehicle interior is necessary, the process proceeds to step S15.
Here, whether or not air conditioning in the vehicle interior is required is determined based on the difference between the set temperature Tset set by the occupant and the temperature Tr detected by the interior air temperature sensor 42, and the humidity Rh detected by the interior air humidity sensor 46.
(step S20)
If it is not determined in step S18 that cooling of battery B is necessary after the start of rapid charging, the CPU determines in step S20 as air conditioning determination means whether or not air conditioning in the vehicle interior such as dehumidification heating operation is necessary. If it is determined that air conditioning in the vehicle interior is necessary, the process proceeds to step S11, and if it is not determined that air conditioning in the vehicle interior is necessary, the process proceeds to step S15.
Here, whether or not air conditioning in the vehicle interior is required is determined based on the difference between the set temperature Tset set by the occupant and the temperature Tr detected by the interior air temperature sensor 42, and the humidity Rh detected by the interior air humidity sensor 46.
As described above, according to the vehicle air conditioning system of the present embodiment, when it is determined that the temperature or humidity in the vehicle interior needs to be adjusted and it is determined that the battery B needs to be cooled, the outdoor heat exchanger 22 is caused to function as a radiator.
This allows the heat absorber 14 and the heat medium heat exchanger 24 to reliably absorb heat from the refrigerant, and therefore, the lack of cooling capacity during cooling of the battery B and cooling of the air supplied into the vehicle interior can be suppressed.
Further, when the outdoor heat exchanger 22 functions as a radiator and the amount of heat released from the radiator 15 is insufficient, the air heater 16 compensates for the insufficient amount of heat released.
Thus, since the outdoor heat exchanger 22 functions as a radiator, the air heater 16 can compensate for the insufficient amount of heat dissipated in the radiator 15, and thus a decrease in heating capacity during the air conditioning operation can be prevented.
In addition, when dehumidification and cooling of the vehicle interior are not necessary and heating of the air supplied to the vehicle interior is necessary, the flow of the refrigerant to heat absorber 14 is restricted, and the air supplied to the vehicle interior is heated by the heat released from radiator 15 or the heat released from radiator 15 and air heating heater 16.
This allows the refrigerant to absorb heat only in the heat medium heat exchanger 24 without absorbing heat in the heat absorber 14, and thus, the battery B can be reliably cooled. Further, the heating can be performed in a case where the heating in the vehicle interior is required.
The 1 st expansion valve 25a, which is adjustable in valve opening degree, is provided on the upstream side of the outdoor heat exchanger 22 in the refrigerant flow direction.
Thus, the outdoor heat exchanger 22 can function as a radiator by fully opening the valve opening degree of the 1 st expansion valve 25a, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced by making the refrigerant circuit 20a simple circuit configuration.
Further, a 2 nd electromagnetic valve 26B for opening and closing the refrigerant flow passage 20e and a 2 nd expansion valve 25B for reducing the pressure of the refrigerant are provided on the upstream side in the refrigerant flow direction of the heat absorber 14, a 5 th electromagnetic valve 26e for opening and closing the refrigerant flow passage 20j and a 3 rd expansion valve 25c for reducing the pressure of the refrigerant are connected to the upstream side in the refrigerant flow direction of the heat medium heat exchanger 24, and one of the temperature of the air cooled by the heat absorber 14 and the temperature of the battery B cooled by the heat medium heat exchanger 24 is controlled by adjusting the rotation speed of the compressor 21, and the other of the temperature of the air cooled by the heat absorber 14 and the temperature of the battery B cooled by the heat medium heat exchanger 24 is controlled by switching between full opening and full closing of the opening degrees of the 2 nd and 5 th electromagnetic valves 26B and 26 e.
Accordingly, the temperature Te of the air cooled in heat absorber 14 can be controlled only by switching of second electromagnetic valve 26B, and the temperature of battery B cooled in heat medium heat exchanger 24 can be controlled only by switching of second electromagnetic valve 26e, so that the control is simple and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
When it is determined that the adjustment of the temperature or humidity in the vehicle interior is necessary and it is not determined that the battery B needs to be cooled, the flow of the refrigerant through the heat-medium heat exchanger 24 is restricted.
Accordingly, when cooling of battery B is not necessary, the refrigerant flowing through refrigerant circuit 20 does not flow through heat-medium heat exchanger 24, so that the pressure loss of the refrigerant flowing through refrigerant circuit 20 can be reduced, and the operating efficiency can be improved.
When it is determined that the adjustment of the temperature or humidity in the vehicle interior is not necessary and it is determined that the battery B needs to be cooled, the flow of the refrigerant through the heat absorber 14 is restricted.
Accordingly, when air conditioning in the vehicle interior is not required, the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit 20 does not flow through the heat absorber 14, so that the pressure loss of the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit 20 can be reduced, and the operating efficiency can be improved.
In a state where it is determined that the battery B is being charged by rapid charging, if it is determined that cooling of the battery B is necessary and then it is no longer determined that cooling of the battery B is necessary, the setting of the outdoor heat exchanger 22 as a radiator is maintained.
Thus, in the rapid charging in which the necessity of cooling the battery B is high, when the cooling of the battery B is resumed, the switching operation necessary for switching the setting of the outdoor heat exchanger 22, such as stopping the compressor 21 or switching the refrigerant flow path in the refrigerant circuit 20, is not necessary, and therefore, the cooling of the battery B can be efficiently performed.
Further, a display unit 53 is provided, and the display unit 53 reports information on cooling of the battery B.
This makes it possible to notify the user of the state in which the battery cooling operation is being performed, and therefore it is possible to prevent the user from making an erroneous determination of the equipment failure.
In the above embodiment, the control of the temperature Te of the air cooled by the heat absorber 14 is performed by switching between the fully open and fully closed of the opening degree of the 2 nd solenoid valve 26b provided on the upstream side in the refrigerant flow direction of the mechanical 2 nd expansion valve 25b in the battery cooling priority mode, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, instead of the mechanical 2 nd expansion valve 25b and the 2 nd solenoid valve 26b, an electronic expansion valve having a variable valve opening degree may be provided on the upstream side of the heat absorber 14 in the refrigerant flow direction, and the temperature Te of the air cooled by the heat absorber 14 may be controlled by adjusting the valve opening degree of the electronic expansion valve in the battery cooling priority mode.
In the above embodiment, the control of the temperature Tw of the heat medium cooled by the heat medium heat exchanger 24 is performed by switching between the fully open and fully closed of the opening degree of the 5 th electromagnetic valve 26e provided on the upstream side in the refrigerant flow direction of the mechanical 3 rd expansion valve 25c in the air-conditioning priority mode, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, instead of the mechanical 3 rd expansion valve 25c and the 5 th electromagnetic valve 26e, an electromagnetic expansion valve having a variable valve opening degree may be provided on the upstream side in the refrigerant flow direction of the heat medium heat exchanger 24, and the temperature Tw of the heat medium cooled by the heat medium heat exchanger 24 may be controlled by adjusting the valve opening degree of the electronic expansion valve in the air-conditioning priority mode.
In the above embodiment, the control of the temperature Te of the air cooled by the heat absorber 14 is performed by switching between the full opening and the full closing of the 2 nd electromagnetic valve 26b in the battery cooling priority mode, but the present invention is not limited to the switching between the full opening and the full closing of the 2 nd electromagnetic valve 26 b. For example, the temperature Te of the air cooled by the heat absorber 14 may be controlled by switching two different valve opening degrees, other than the fully open and fully closed valve opening degrees of the solenoid valve, to each other.
In the above embodiment, the control of the temperature Tw of the heat medium cooled by the heat medium heat exchanger 24 is performed by switching between the full opening and the full closing of the 5 th electromagnetic valve 26e in the air-conditioning priority mode, but the present invention is not limited to the switching between the full opening and the full closing of the 5 th electromagnetic valve 26 e. For example, the temperature Tw of the heat medium cooled by the heat medium heat exchanger 24 may be controlled by switching two different valve opening degrees, other than the fully open and fully closed valve opening degrees of the electromagnetic valve, to each other.
In the above-described embodiment, the display unit 53 displays the state in which the battery cooling operation is being performed, and thereby the driver is notified of the state in which the battery cooling operation is being performed. For example, the operating states of the air conditioning operation and the battery cooling operation may be notified to the passenger by a sound from a speaker.
In the above embodiment, the battery B is cooled by the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit 20 via the heat medium flowing through the heat medium circuit 30, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, battery B may be directly cooled by the refrigerant flowing through refrigerant circuit 20.
In the above embodiment, the air heating heater 16 is disposed on the downstream side of the air flow passage 11 in the refrigerant flow direction of the radiator 15, and the air heated by the radiator 15 is heated by the air heating heater 16. The air heater may be disposed on the upstream side of the air flow passage 11 in the refrigerant flow direction of the radiator 15, and the air before being heated in the radiator 15 may be heated by the air heater.
In the above embodiment, the 1 st expansion valve 25a whose valve opening degree can be adjusted is provided on the upstream side in the refrigerant flow direction of the outdoor heat exchanger 22, and the outdoor heat exchanger 22 functions as a radiator by fully opening the valve opening degree of the 1 st expansion valve 25 a. A mechanical expansion valve, a bypass flow path connected in parallel with the refrigerant flow path to which the expansion valve is connected, and an electromagnetic valve for opening and closing the bypass flow path may be provided on the upstream side in the refrigerant flow direction of the outdoor heat exchanger 22, and the outdoor heat exchanger 22 may function as a radiator by opening the electromagnetic valve and circulating the refrigerant through the bypass flow path.
In the above embodiment, the determination as to whether or not cooling of battery B is necessary is performed based on temperature Tw of the heating medium flowing through heating medium circuit 30 detected by heating medium temperature sensor 51, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the determination as to whether or not cooling of battery B is necessary may be performed based on the temperature of battery B detected by a battery temperature sensor capable of directly detecting the temperature of battery B. It is also possible to determine whether or not cooling of battery B is necessary based on temperature Tw of the heating medium flowing through heating medium circuit 30 detected by heating medium temperature sensor 51 and the temperature of battery B detected by the battery temperature sensor.
Description of the reference numerals
1 … vehicle air conditioning device; 11 … airflow path; 14 … a heat sink; 15 … a heat sink; 16 … air heating heaters; 20 … refrigerant circuit; 21 … compressor; 22 … outdoor heat exchanger; 22d … outdoor blower; 24 … heat carrier heat exchanger; 25a …, expansion valve 1; 25b …, expansion valve No. 2; 25c … expansion valve No. 3; 26b … solenoid valve 2; 26e …, solenoid valve 5; 30 … heat carrier circuit; 40 … a controller; 47 … refrigerant temperature sensor; a 53 … display part; b … battery.

Claims (11)

1. An air conditioning device for a vehicle, having a battery cooling function for cooling a battery that supplies electric power to an electric motor for running the vehicle,
the disclosed device is provided with:
a compressor compressing a refrigerant;
an indoor heat exchanger for exchanging heat between air supplied into a vehicle interior and a refrigerant;
a heat absorber for cooling the battery, which absorbs heat emitted from the battery;
an outdoor heat exchanger for exchanging heat between air outside the vehicle and the refrigerant;
an air conditioning determination unit configured to determine whether or not adjustment of temperature or humidity in the vehicle interior is required;
a battery cooling determination unit that determines whether or not cooling of the battery is required; and
and an outdoor heat exchanger setting means for causing the outdoor heat exchanger to function as a radiator when the air conditioning determination means determines that the temperature or humidity in the vehicle interior needs to be adjusted and the battery cooling determination means determines that the battery needs to be cooled.
2. The air conditioning device for a vehicle according to claim 1,
the disclosed device is provided with:
an air heating heater for heating air supplied into the vehicle interior;
a radiator as an indoor heat exchanger; and
and a shortage heat amount compensating means for compensating for a shortage of heat radiation amount from the radiator by the air heater when the heat radiation amount from the radiator is insufficient in a state where the outdoor heat exchanger functions as the radiator by the outdoor heat exchanger setting means.
3. The air conditioning device for a vehicle according to claim 2,
the disclosed device is provided with:
a heat absorber as an indoor heat exchanger; and
and a supply air heating means for heating the air supplied into the vehicle interior by heat released from the radiator or heat released from the radiator and the air heating heater while restricting the flow of the refrigerant to the heat absorber when it is determined by the air conditioning determination means that dehumidification and cooling of the vehicle interior are not necessary and heating of the air supplied into the vehicle interior is necessary.
4. The air conditioning device for a vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
an expansion valve whose valve opening degree can be adjusted is provided on the upstream side of the outdoor heat exchanger in the refrigerant flow direction.
5. The air conditioning device for a vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
an expansion valve, a bypass passage connected in parallel with a passage connected to the expansion valve, and an opening/closing valve for opening and closing the bypass passage are provided on the upstream side of the outdoor heat exchanger in the refrigerant flow direction.
6. The air conditioning device for a vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
a flow path opening/closing valve for opening and closing a refrigerant flow path and an expansion valve for reducing the pressure of the refrigerant are connected to an upstream side in a refrigerant flow direction of a heat absorber as an indoor heat exchanger and an upstream side in a refrigerant flow direction of a heat absorber for cooling the battery, respectively;
one of the temperature of the air cooled by the heat absorber and the temperature of the battery cooled by the heat absorber for battery cooling is controlled by adjusting the rotation speed of the compressor, and the other of the temperature of the air cooled by the heat absorber and the temperature of the battery cooled by the heat absorber for battery cooling is controlled by switching between full opening and full closing of the opening of the flow path opening/closing valve.
7. The air conditioning device for a vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
a flow path opening/closing valve for opening and closing a refrigerant flow path and an expansion valve for reducing the pressure of the refrigerant are connected to an upstream side in a refrigerant flow direction of a heat absorber as an indoor heat exchanger and an upstream side in a refrigerant flow direction of a heat absorber for cooling the battery, respectively;
one of the temperature of the air cooled by the heat absorber and the temperature of the battery cooled by the heat absorber for battery cooling is controlled by adjusting the rotation speed of the compressor, and the other of the temperature of the air cooled by the heat absorber and the temperature of the battery cooled by the heat absorber for battery cooling is controlled by switching two kinds of opening degrees in which the opening degrees of the flow path opening and closing valve are different from each other.
8. The air conditioning device for a vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
when it is determined by the air conditioning determination means that the adjustment of the temperature or humidity in the vehicle interior is necessary and it is not determined by the battery cooling determination means that the battery needs to be cooled, the flow of the refrigerant through the heat absorber for battery cooling is restricted.
9. The air conditioning device for a vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
when the air conditioning determination means determines that the adjustment of the temperature or humidity in the vehicle interior is not necessary and the battery cooling determination means determines that the battery cooling is necessary, the flow of the coolant through the heat absorber serving as the indoor heat exchanger is restricted.
10. The air conditioning device for a vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
the disclosed device is provided with:
a quick charge determination means for determining whether or not the battery is being charged by quick charge; and
and a setting holding means for holding the setting of the outdoor heat exchanger as the radiator by the outdoor heat exchanger setting means, when the battery cooling determination means determines that the cooling of the battery is necessary after the battery cooling determination means determines that the cooling of the battery is not necessary in a state where the battery is determined to be charged by the rapid charging determination means.
11. The air conditioning device for a vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 10,
the battery cooling device is provided with a notification means for notifying that the battery is being cooled by the battery cooling heat absorber.
CN201980047578.3A 2018-07-18 2019-06-07 Air conditioner for vehicle Pending CN112384391A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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JP2018-135214 2018-07-18
JP2018135214A JP7231348B2 (en) 2018-07-18 2018-07-18 Vehicle air conditioner
PCT/JP2019/022663 WO2020017181A1 (en) 2018-07-18 2019-06-07 Vehicular air-conditioning device

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WO (1) WO2020017181A1 (en)

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