CN112383042B - Aviation sensor port protection circuit - Google Patents
Aviation sensor port protection circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN112383042B CN112383042B CN202011289789.9A CN202011289789A CN112383042B CN 112383042 B CN112383042 B CN 112383042B CN 202011289789 A CN202011289789 A CN 202011289789A CN 112383042 B CN112383042 B CN 112383042B
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- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006388 chemical passivation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- YCKOAAUKSGOOJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper silver Chemical compound [Cu].[Ag].[Ag] YCKOAAUKSGOOJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
- H02J1/02—Arrangements for reducing harmonics or ripples
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
- H02H9/06—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage using spark-gap arresters
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an aviation sensor port protection circuit, which comprises: the lightning protection module, the first common mode filtering module, the surge suppression module, the differential mode filtering module and the second common mode filtering module; the port protection circuit adopts a bidirectional filtering mechanism, is applied to a two-wire system current output type aviation sensor, and simultaneously has the power signal filtering and output current signal filtering capabilities; the input end of the power supply circuit is connected with the electric connector and is used for carrying out protection filtering on external lightning, surge signals and electromagnetic interference introduced by the connector and providing safe power supply signals for a later-stage functional circuit; and filtering and protecting the output signals processed by the later-stage functional circuits. The protection circuit provided by the invention can realize the filtering protection function on the power supply and the output signal of the product at the same time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sensor maintenance, and particularly relates to an aviation sensor port protection circuit.
The background technology is as follows:
at present, in the field of aviation sensors, a two-wire system 4 mA-20 mA output signal form takes the dominant role in the characteristics of high stability, suitability for long-distance transmission and the like, and the principle is that a signal transmission circuit is used for converting an acquisition signal into a 4 mA-20 mA current signal according to a linear proportion, and the acquisition of an airplane is misjudged due to the fact that various complex electric equipment exists on the airplane, electromagnetic environments are complex, severe power supply conditions such as surge and the like commonly exist in a used power supply, the useful signal amplitude of the sensor is small and is extremely easy to be influenced by interference from a circuit and an external space, and accordingly signals with out-of-standard output precision and even serious errors are generated.
Among the disclosed patent technologies, a filter circuit and a sensor (CN 209488447U) are disclosed, and the filter circuit proposed by the patent comprises a first-stage common-mode filter circuit, a differential-mode protection circuit, a second-stage common-mode filter circuit and a differential-mode filter circuit. The first output end of the first-stage common mode filter circuit is electrically connected with the first input end of the differential mode protection circuit, and the second output end of the first-stage common mode filter circuit is electrically connected with the second input end of the differential mode protection circuit. The first output end of the differential mode protection circuit is electrically connected with the first input end of the second-stage common mode filter circuit, and the second output end of the differential mode protection circuit is electrically connected with the second input end of the second-stage common mode filter circuit. The first output end of the second-stage common mode filter circuit is electrically connected with the first input end of the differential mode filter circuit, and the second output end of the second-stage common mode filter circuit is electrically connected with the second input end of the differential mode filter circuit. The power supply signal of the power supply interface is filtered by the filter circuit.
The circuit is only suitable for filtering a power supply port, and if the circuit is applied to a two-wire system 4 mA-20 mA current output type product circuit, the parallel capacitance parameters between two wires need to be limited, otherwise, the circuit can generate a reaction when pulsation interference occurs on a power supply.
The lightning protection function can not be realized in the above-mentioned patent, and when the lightning induction signal appears, this circuit can't restrain the lightning interference that produces on power cord and the signal line, and then can cause the result of burning out the later stage processing chip.
The first-stage common-mode filtering in the above patent is composed of two capacitors, and according to practical situations, the power line and the ground line cables of the sensor installed on the aircraft are not shielded generally, and the common-mode filtering performed by only one capacitor at each port is obviously insufficient to eliminate common-mode interference, and generally two-stage capacitors are required for common-mode filtering.
The port protection circuit for the 28V aviation sensor is suitable for all sensors with 28V electricity consumption and 4 mA-20 mA output signals on an airplane, can adapt to the complex electricity consumption environment, and therefore suppresses lightning interference, surge interference and electromagnetic environment interference, fully ensures that the disturbance of the output signals of a product on the airplane is within a normal range, and simultaneously protects the processing circuit inside the product from being damaged.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical scheme is as follows:
the purpose of the invention is that:
in order to solve the problem of poor power supply and electromagnetic environment adaptability of the existing two-wire system 4 mA-20 mA circuit, the invention provides a novel port protection circuit with lightning protection, surge suppression and electromagnetic interference suppression capabilities.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an aviation sensor port guard circuit, the guard circuit comprising: the lightning protection module, the first common mode filtering module, the surge suppression module, the differential mode filtering module and the second common mode filtering module; the lightning protection module is composed of two bidirectional transient suppression diodes, one end of one bidirectional transient suppression diode is connected with an external power supply interface, the other end of the one bidirectional transient suppression diode is connected with the ground of the shell and is used for suppressing lightning induction signals received by the power supply interface, one end of the other bidirectional transient suppression diode is connected with an external output signal interface, and the other end of the other bidirectional transient suppression diode is connected with the ground of the shell; the first common mode filter module consists of four capacitors, wherein one end of each capacitor is connected with a power supply signal restrained by the lightning protection module after being connected in parallel, and the other end of each capacitor is connected with the ground of the shell; one end of the other two capacitors are connected in parallel and then connected with signals restrained by the lightning protection module, and the other end of the other capacitors is connected with the ground of the shell; the surge suppression module consists of a power resistor and a transient suppression diode, wherein one end of the power resistor is connected with the output end of the first common mode filtering module which is responsible for processing power supply signals, the other end of the power resistor is connected with the negative end of the transient suppression diode, and the positive end of the transient suppression diode is connected with the output end of the first common mode filtering module which is responsible for processing external output signal interfaces; the differential mode filter module consists of two magnetic beads which are respectively connected with the output end of the surge suppression module in series; the second common mode filter module consists of two capacitors and a common mode inductor, one end of the second common mode filter module is connected with the output end of the differential mode filter module, and the other end of the second common mode filter module is connected with the internal power supply and signal interface respectively.
Preferably, an anti-reverse diode is arranged between the surge suppression module and the differential mode filtering module to carry out reverse connection protection on the power supply signal, so that the internal functional circuit is prevented from being burnt due to reverse connection of the power supply.
Preferably, the input end of the lightning protection module can be connected with a penetration capacitor in series, so that common mode interference of the port position is further suppressed.
Preferably, the output end of the second common mode filter module can be connected with magnetic beads in series, so that differential mode interference signals coupled to wires connected with the functional circuit are effectively eliminated.
Preferably, a common-mode filter capacitor is added at the output end of the second common-mode filter module, so that common-mode interference signals coupled to wires connected with the functional circuit are effectively eliminated.
Preferably, the input end of the lightning protection module can be connected with a power resistor in series, so that the power consumption of the bidirectional transient diode during operation is further reduced.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention can adapt to various power supply characteristics of the direct current 28V power supply of the sensor on the airplane and electromagnetic environment possibly encountered on the airplane, the 4 mA-20 mA current signal output by the circuit is stable and reliable, and the interference on the power line can be fully restrained, so that the fluctuation or jump of the output signal caused by the interference of the power supply signal is avoided. In order to accurately reflect the protection effect of the circuit under different external interference, the load resistor RL is output in series, the voltage division of the load resistor is monitored by using an oscilloscope, and the protection circuit provided by the invention can simultaneously realize the filtering protection function of power supply and product output signals.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an interface protection circuit diagram.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The anti-reverse-connection type electromagnetic interference filter mainly comprises a lightning protection, surge suppression and electromagnetic interference filter circuit, and mainly comprises TVS (transient voltage suppressor) tubes V1, V2 and V3, filter capacitors C1-C6, an anti-reverse-connection diode D1, magnetic beads E1 and E2, a common-mode inductor L1 and a power resistor R1.
Wherein the ports are defined as follows:
IN-28V DC power supply end (external port)
OUT-Current Signal output terminal (external Port)
V1-28V DC power supply end (internal port)
OUT 1-Current Signal output terminal (internal Port)
IN is a 28V dc power signal for the aircraft, PGND is the sensor chassis ground, and PGND is equipotential with the aircraft reference ground since the chassis ground aircraft ground plane is directly connected. One end of V1 links to each other with power supply signal IN, and the other end links to each other with PGND, plays the lightning protection function to power supply port IN, and V2 one section links to each other with current signal OUT, and the other end links to each other with PGND, plays the lightning protection function to signal port OUT.
The capacitor C1 is connected with the C2 IN parallel, one end of the capacitor is connected with the power supply signal IN, the other end of the capacitor is connected with the PGND to play a role IN common mode filtering of an IN port, the capacitor C3 is connected with the C4 IN parallel, one end of the capacitor is connected with the power supply signal OUT, and the other end of the capacitor is connected with the PGND to play a role IN common mode filtering of an OUT port;
the other end of R1 is connected with capacitors C1 and C2, one end of the R1 is connected with a TVS tube V3, the TVS tube V3 plays a role IN absorbing transient power when the power supply is IN overvoltage, and when the IN is IN transient overvoltage, the device breaks down reversely and clamps the voltage at two ends to a safe voltage value so that the power supply voltage of a later-stage circuit is at a safe level;
the magnetic beads E1, E2 and C5 form a differential mode filter circuit, L1 is a common mode inductance, common mode interference on an IN power line and an output signal line is eliminated, and a capacitor C6 is a differential mode filter capacitor and is used for eliminating differential mode interference on the IN power line and the output signal line.
The port protection circuit provided by the invention adopts a bidirectional filtering mechanism, is applied to a two-wire system current output type aviation sensor, and simultaneously has the power supply signal filtering and output current signal filtering capabilities; the input end of the power supply circuit is connected with the electric connector and is used for carrying out protection filtering on external lightning, surge signals and electromagnetic interference introduced by the connector and providing safe power supply signals for a later-stage functional circuit; and filtering and protecting the output signals processed by the later-stage functional circuits.
First lightning protection
1. The TVS tube V1 forms a 28V power line interface lightning protection circuit and is used for inhibiting external lightning signals. In order to resist a 4-level lightning induction transient sensitivity test, a TVS tube is applied to a product ground wire at a 28V power line interface of a product to absorb the energy of lightning, and in order to ensure that the lightning protection TVS tube does not start to work when 28V is powered, the breakdown voltage V of the lightning protection TVS tube is ensured BR > 28V, thus TVS tube type V BR ＝33.3V～36.8V，V C =48.4v, rated power 3kW.
2. The resistor TVS tube V2 forms an OUT signal interface lightning protection circuit and is used for inhibiting external lightning signals. In order to resist the 4-level lightning induction transient sensitivity test, a TVS tube is applied to a product ground wire at a product signal output end for absorbing the energy of lightning, and because the product output signal is 4 mA-20 mA current, the load resistance is 300 omega at the highest, the TVS tube is ensured not to start to work when the 20mA current is output during design, so the breakdown voltage V of the lightning protection TVS tube BR > 300. OMEGA.times.20 mA, i.e. V BR > 6V, thus TVS tube is selected as V BR ＝7.13V～7.88V，V C =11.3v; the rated power is 3kW.
(II) Power supply compatibility protection
1. And (5) reverse connection protection. As shown in fig. 1, the diode D1 is used for anti-reverse connection protection, one end of the diode D1 is connected with the power resistor R1, and the other end is connected with the post-stage circuit, so as to play a role in preventing the power line from being burned out.
2. And (5) surge suppression. The TVS tube V3 is used for surge suppression. In order to restrain the voltage peak with the maximum amplitude of 600V possibly occurring on the power supply line, a current limiting resistor R1 and a transient suppression diode V3 are additionally arranged on the product power supply to carry out protection design. When the power supply voltage exceeds 33.3V, the TVS tube breaks down and starts working, and the power calculation formula is shown in (1).
The working power of the TVS tube is
Wherein: v (V) C -clamping voltage of TVS tube;
V overpressure -maximum spike voltage;
R wire (C) -internal resistance of on-board power supply;
since r1=10Ω, the calculation shows that the use of the power resistor R1 can reduce the operating power of the TVS tube by about 5 times when the power supply is over-voltage, and prevent the TVS tube from burning out beyond the operation using the rated power.
3. Suppressing power supply pulsation. In order to prevent the pulsating interference signal on the power supply from being transmitted to the signal line through the capacitor C5, the C5 parameter selection should not be too large and is generally smaller than 1 nF-10 nF, otherwise, the alternating current interference on the power supply is overlapped on the signal line through the capacitor C5, so that the output signal jump exceeds the standard.
(III) electromagnetic compatibility protection
1. Electromagnetic interference filtering.
The capacitors C1, C2, C3 and C4 form a first stage filter circuit. Wherein C1 and C2 are used for eliminating common mode interference of a 28V positive line, one end of the common mode interference is connected with a 28V power supply inlet, and the other end of the common mode interference is connected with a ground reference potential; and C3 and C4 are used for eliminating common mode interference of the OUT signal line, one end of the OUT signal line is connected with the output signal port, and the other end of the OUT signal line is connected with the ground reference potential.
C1＝C3＝0.1nF (2)
C2＝C4＝10nF (3)
The magnetic beads E1, E2 and C5 form a differential mode filter circuit, L1 is a common mode inductance, common mode interference on the 28VDC power line and the output signal line is eliminated, and the capacitor C6 is a differential mode filter capacitor and is used for eliminating the differential mode interference on the 28VDC power line and the output signal line.
2. And selecting a reference ground potential.
According to the electromagnetic compatibility protection mechanism, the filtering reference point of the common-mode filter capacitor should be equipotential with the ground, and the ground wire is ensured to be as short as possible, so that the grounding path should be reasonably designed and the grounding impedance should be reduced as much as possible when the PCB and the sensor structure are designed.
The chassis ground pad in the circuit board is connected to the shell connecting screw through a wire, the shell connecting screw is screwed on the mounting seat through threads, the mounting seat is communicated with the shell of the shell, and finally the front end mounting screw is connected with the aircraft ground. The shell-connecting screw is made of copper silver plating, the bonding pad of the power supply processing circuit board is made of copper, the connecting wire between the copper and the shell-connecting screw is made of copper, two ends of the shell-connecting screw are fixed through soldering, the mounting seat and the shell are made of stainless steel, the surface is subjected to chemical passivation treatment, conductivity and corrosion resistance are met, and the surface is subjected to cleaning treatment during mounting.
Claims (9)
1. An air sensor port protection circuit, the protection circuit comprising: the lightning protection module, the first common mode filtering module, the surge suppression module, the differential mode filtering module and the second common mode filtering module; the lightning protection module is composed of two bidirectional transient suppression diodes, one end of one bidirectional transient suppression diode is connected with an external power supply interface, the other end of the one bidirectional transient suppression diode is connected with the ground of the shell and is used for suppressing lightning induction signals received by the power supply interface, one end of the other bidirectional transient suppression diode is connected with an external output signal interface, and the other end of the other bidirectional transient suppression diode is connected with the ground of the shell; the first common mode filter module consists of four capacitors, wherein one end of each capacitor is connected with a power supply signal restrained by the lightning protection module after being connected in parallel, and the other end of each capacitor is connected with the ground of the shell; one end of the other two capacitors are connected in parallel and then connected with signals restrained by the lightning protection module, and the other end of the other capacitors is connected with the ground of the shell; the surge suppression module consists of a power resistor and a transient suppression diode, wherein one end of the power resistor is connected with the output end of the first common mode filtering module which is responsible for processing a power supply signal, the other end of the power resistor is connected with the negative end of the transient suppression diode, and the positive end of the transient suppression diode is connected with the output end of the first common mode filtering module which is responsible for processing an external output signal interface; the differential mode filter module consists of two magnetic beads which are respectively connected with the output end of the surge suppression module in series; the second common mode filter module consists of two capacitors and a common mode inductor, one end of the second common mode filter module is connected with the output end of the differential mode filter module, and the other end of the second common mode filter module is connected with the internal power supply and signal interface respectively.
2. The aviation sensor port protection circuit of claim 1, wherein an anti-reverse diode is arranged between the surge suppression module and the differential mode filter module to perform reverse connection protection on a power supply signal.
3. The air sensor port protection circuit of claim 1, wherein the input of the lightning protection module is further connected in series with a feedthrough capacitor.
4. The air sensor port protection circuit of claim 1, wherein an output of the second common mode filter module is coupled in series with a magnetic bead.
5. The air sensor port protection circuit of claim 1, wherein an output of the second common mode filter module adds a common mode filter capacitance.
6. The aerial sensor port protection circuit of claim 1, wherein an input of the lightning protection module is connected in series with a power resistor.
7. The air sensor port protection circuit of claim 1, wherein the first common mode filter module is composed of capacitors C1 and C2, the capacitor C1 is connected IN parallel with the capacitor C2, one end is connected to the power supply signal IN, and the other end is connected to the sensor housing ground PGND.
8. The air sensor port protection circuit of claim 1, wherein said differential mode filter module is comprised of magnetic beads E1, E2 and a capacitor C5.
9. The aviation sensor port guard circuit of any one of claims 1-8, wherein the port guard circuit adopts a bi-directional filtering mechanism, is applied to a two-wire current output type aviation sensor, and has power supply signal filtering and output current signal filtering capabilities; the input end of the power supply circuit is connected with the electric connector and is used for carrying out protection filtering on external lightning, surge signals and electromagnetic interference introduced by the connector and providing safe power supply signals for a later-stage functional circuit; and filtering and protecting the output signals processed by the later-stage functional circuits.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011289789.9A CN112383042B (en) | 2020-11-17 | 2020-11-17 | Aviation sensor port protection circuit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011289789.9A CN112383042B (en) | 2020-11-17 | 2020-11-17 | Aviation sensor port protection circuit |
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| CN112383042A CN112383042A (en) | 2021-02-19 |
| CN112383042B true CN112383042B (en) | 2024-02-09 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113726626B (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2023-03-03 | 天津津航计算技术研究所 | Filter protection circuit based on CAN bus driver chip |
| CN114123148B (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2024-02-09 | 天津航空机电有限公司 | Aviation three-wire system sensor port protection circuit |
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| CN102931684A (en) * | 2012-11-09 | 2013-02-13 | 东华大学 | Photovoltaic alternate current and direct current intelligent distribution box |
| WO2015055211A1 (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2015-04-23 | Vestas Wind Systems A/S | Converters for wind turbine generators |
| CN205901283U (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2017-01-18 | 成都必控科技股份有限公司 | Surge restraines multilevel filter subassembly |
| CN108011136A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-05-08 | 安徽特凯新能源科技有限公司 | It is a kind of that there is the battery management system of electromagnetic immunity |
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2020
- 2020-11-17 CN CN202011289789.9A patent/CN112383042B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2001026207A2 (en) * | 1999-10-01 | 2001-04-12 | Online Power Supply, Inc. | Non-saturating magnetic element(s) power converters and surge protection |
| CN2904421Y (en) * | 2006-04-17 | 2007-05-23 | 成都新欣神风电子科技有限公司 | Blocking type overvoltage resistance surge inhibiting power filter |
| CN201893603U (en) * | 2010-10-20 | 2011-07-06 | 即墨市供电公司 | Power supply system with high safety |
| CN102931684A (en) * | 2012-11-09 | 2013-02-13 | 东华大学 | Photovoltaic alternate current and direct current intelligent distribution box |
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