CN112378793A - Variable-confining pressure dynamic triaxial tester with bidirectional power loading function - Google Patents
Variable-confining pressure dynamic triaxial tester with bidirectional power loading function Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/32—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces
- G01N3/36—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0005—Repeated or cyclic
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0044—Pneumatic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/025—Geometry of the test
- G01N2203/0256—Triaxial, i.e. the forces being applied along three normal axes of the specimen
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
- G01N2203/0262—Shape of the specimen
- G01N2203/0266—Cylindrical specimens
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0682—Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle
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Abstract
The invention relates to a variable-enclosure pressure dynamic triaxial tester with a bidirectional power loading function, which comprises a tester body and a volume measuring element, wherein the bottom of an inner cavity of a column base is provided with the pressure measuring element for measuring axial force; the radial displacement of the cylindrical sample is sensed through the radial displacement sensor, and the confining pressure on the cylindrical sample is sensed through the pressure sensor II.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of test instruments, and particularly relates to a variable-confining pressure dynamic triaxial test instrument with a bidirectional dynamic loading function.
Background
A variable confining pressure dynamic triaxial tester is mainly used for determining the anisotropic dynamic characteristics of rock and soil materials in indoor tests. The main working principle is as follows: the device adopts two stress channels which are controlled independently to simultaneously apply dynamic stress to the sample in the axial direction and the radial direction, thereby realizing the dynamic loading in the axial direction and the radial direction.
Prior art 1: CN105547849A discloses a true triaxial loading and unloading test device for large-size layered bearing rock, which comprises a confining pressure loading module, a sample storage and water outlet module, a bearing water loading module, a load loading module and a signal acquisition and processing system, wherein the confining pressure loading module comprises two sets of independent and vertical horizontal loading and unloading systems, and the test device realizes true triaxial test of the layered rock through four sets of mutually independent loading and unloading systems and truly simulates the three-dimensional unequal pressure stress state of the coal-series layered bearing rock. Prior art 2: CN104048879A discloses a full-automatic triaxial test system of saturated soil stress path, including pressure chamber, computer, axle power volume controller, confined volume controller, back pressure volume controller, data acquisition box and the pressure volume control system who links to each other with the computer. Prior art 3: CN107228794A discloses a dry-wet cycle unsaturated soil triaxial apparatus based on temperature control, including triaxial apparatus host computer, temperature regulation system, pressure regulation system, humidity control system and data analysis system. The temperature and humidity of the test environment are controlled by the temperature and humidity adjusting system, the axial pressure and the confining pressure are controlled by the pressure system, and the stability of the confining pressure of the pressure chamber is ensured by the cooperation of the pressure system and the air supplementing assembly.
The schemes disclosed by the prior art are provided with the power loading systems which are mutually independent in the axial direction and the radial direction, so that the stress state of the geotechnical material in three-dimensional unequal pressure can be truly simulated, and the complex stress path of the geotechnical material can be accurately controlled. However, the triaxial tester disclosed in the prior art has a complex structure, for example, in the prior art 1, a confining pressure loading module is formed by a hydraulic device needing load, so that the failure probability of equipment is increased, and the triaxial tester is inconvenient to install and maintain; the axle pressure, back pressure and confining pressure of the prior art 2 all adopt a closed-loop control water pressure volume control system, and the axle pressure, back pressure and confining pressure of the prior art 3 all adopt an air pressure volume control system, which causes the equipment to be bulky and inconvenient to maintain. In addition, the prior art cannot accurately research the anisotropy of the material and the influence of the anisotropy on load response, and cannot effectively reduce the compressibility influence caused by horizontal cyclic loading in a tester.
In summary, how to design a variable confining pressure triaxial tester with a small structure, convenient use and maintenance, and capable of accurately and simultaneously researching the anisotropy of materials and the response of the materials to loads is a problem to be solved in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a variable-confining pressure dynamic triaxial tester with a bidirectional dynamic loading function, which can simultaneously measure the axial displacement and the radial displacement of a cylindrical sample under the action of axial and radial stress.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the variable confining pressure dynamic triaxial tester with the bidirectional dynamic loading function comprises a tester body and a volume measuring element, wherein the tester body comprises a bottom plate and a top plate, the bottom plate is arranged at the bottom, the top plate is arranged at the top, vertical rods are arranged between the bottom plate and the top plate at equal intervals, an organic glass cylinder is connected between the bottom plate and the top plate, a loading piston is arranged in the middle of the top plate, the bottom of the loading piston extends to the organic glass cylinder, an upper pressure plate is arranged inside the organic glass cylinder, a column base is arranged in the middle of the top of the bottom plate, a lower bearing plate is arranged at the top of the column base, an induction workpiece is vertically arranged in the middle of the lower bearing plate, the bottom of the induction workpiece extends to the column base, a first spherical bearing is arranged inside the column base, a pressure measuring element for measuring axial force is arranged at the bottom of an inner cavity of the column base, and a, the cylindrical sample outer wall is provided with the rubber membrane, rubber membrane outer wall both sides all are provided with radial displacement sensor, loading piston top bears the weight of axial load, the support frame is installed at bobbin top, the loading piston with connect axial displacement sensor between the support frame, bobbin base plate outer wall is provided with pressure sensor one and radial pressure sensor two that are used for measuring axial pressure respectively.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution: volume measuring element includes differential pressure sensor, the differential pressure sensor top is connected with standard pipette and measurement pipette side by side, it is provided with the drain pipe to measure pipette one side, the drain pipe other end extends to inside top tube and the low tube of being divided into of organic glass drum, the top tube other end extends to inside the last pressure plate, through cylindrical sample, again in proper order through response work piece and load cell, extend to at last the bobbin base plate external connection pressure sensor two, the low tube other end transversely runs through the horizontal direction of lower bearing plate, extend to at last the external connection of bobbin base plate has pressure sensor one.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution: the tester body is externally connected with a hydraulic loading device, a hydraulic oil inlet pipe is installed on the cylinder top plate, and an oil liquid pipe is connected between the hydraulic loading device and the hydraulic oil inlet pipe.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution: the tester is characterized by further comprising a support device arranged outside the tester body, wherein the support device comprises a top support plate at the top and a test base at the bottom. The testing device comprises a testing base, a testing instrument body, a supporting rod, a pressure applying rod and a loading piston, wherein the base is installed in the middle of the top of the testing base, the testing instrument body is installed at the top of the base, the supporting rod is connected between a top supporting plate and the testing base, the pressure applying rod is installed in the middle of the top supporting plate, the bottom of the pressure applying rod extends to the lower portion of the top supporting plate, and the bottom of the.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution: the loading piston is used as the centre of a circle and is provided with two circles of circumference arrays, and the circle vertical rod is provided with six, and the circle vertical rod is located the inboard of organic glass cylinder, the circle vertical rod is located the outside of organic glass cylinder.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution: the cylindrical test piece had a diameter of 150 mm and a height of 150 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: compared with a conventional triaxial tester which cannot randomly change the load application direction or the sample attitude, the test device can apply any stress state to the sample through a power loading system which is independent of the axial direction and the radial direction, so that the anisotropic dynamic property of the rock-soil material can be determined in the test; the impact of compressibility caused by horizontal cyclic loading in the tester body can be reduced to the minimum, the anisotropy of materials and the impact on load response can be more accurately researched, the problem of compliance of a loading device can be eliminated, and the impact caused by end effect is eliminated.
The method comprises the following steps that a pressure applying rod at the bottom of an air pressure actuator is enabled to apply downward axial force to a loading piston by starting the air pressure actuator, then the downward axial force is applied to a cylindrical sample by an upper pressure plate, the hydraulic loading device is enabled to control the pressure of hydraulic oil in an organic glass cylinder by starting a hydraulic loading device, the cylindrical sample is subjected to confining pressure through a rubber film on the outer wall, and the pressure measuring element arranged in a column base can be used for measuring the pressure of the hydraulic oil under the non-drainage condition and/or the cyclic load; the axial displacement of the loading piston is sensed through the axial displacement sensor, and finally the axial force applied to the upper pipe is sensed through the first pressure sensor, so that the axial force applied to the cylindrical sample is obtained; sense the radial displacement of cylindrical sample through radial displacement sensor, finally feel the confining pressure that the lower tube that is located the inside centre of cylindrical sample received through pressure sensor two, make the axial stress that cylindrical sample received and radial stress mutually independent through such setting up, through setting up the organic glass cylinder, and set up the hydraulic loading device who is connected with the organic glass cylinder for in order to exert variable confining pressure during the vertical cycle load. The device has a small and exquisite structure, is convenient to use and maintain, and introduces a gas-liquid interface by arranging a volume measuring element, so that the compressibility influence caused by horizontal cyclic loading in the tester body is reduced to the minimum. Thereby enabling a more accurate study of the material anisotropy and its effect on the load response.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a tester body according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an external view of the tester body of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structural tester body and the stand device of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a barrel floor; 2. a cartridge top plate; 3. a vertical rod; 4. an organic glass cylinder; 5. loading the piston; 6. an upper pressure plate; 7. a cylindrical sample; 8. a rubber film; 9. a radial displacement sensor; 10. a lower bearing plate; 11. sensing a workpiece; 12. a first spherical bearing; 13. a load cell; 14. a second spherical bearing; 15. an axial displacement sensor; 16. a standard pipette; 17. a measuring pipette; 18. a differential pressure sensor; 19. a drain pipe; 191. feeding a pipe; 192. a lower pipe; 20. a first pressure sensor; 21. a second pressure sensor; 22. a support frame; 23. a hydraulic loading device; 24. an oil liquid pipe; 25. a top support plate; 26. a pad seat; 27. testing the base; 28. an air pressure actuator; 29. a support bar; 30. and (4) a column base.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention is given for the purpose of better understanding technical solutions of the present invention by those skilled in the art, and the present description is only exemplary and explanatory and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention in any way.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, specific embodiments thereof are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather should be construed as broadly as the present invention is capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Example 1: as shown in figure 1, the variable confining pressure dynamic triaxial tester with the bidirectional power loading function comprises a tester body and a volume measuring element, wherein the tester body comprises a bottom cylinder bottom plate 1 and a top cylinder top plate 2, vertical rods 3 are arranged between the cylinder bottom plate 1 and the cylinder top plate 2 at equal intervals, an organic glass cylinder 4 is connected between the cylinder bottom plate 1 and the cylinder top plate 2, two circles of the vertical rods 3 are arranged in a circumferential array by taking a loading piston 5 as a circle center, six vertical rods 3 are arranged in each circle, one circle of the vertical rods 3 is positioned on the inner side of the organic glass cylinder 4, the other circle of the vertical rods 3 is positioned on the outer side of the organic glass cylinder 4, a loading piston 5 is arranged in the middle of the top of the cylinder top plate 2, the bottom of the loading piston 5 extends into the organic glass cylinder 4 and is provided with an upper pressure plate 6, a cylinder base 30 is arranged in the middle of the top of the cylinder bottom plate 1, the middle of the lower bearing plate 10 is vertically provided with an induction workpiece 11 and the induction workpiece 11, the induction workpiece 11 is used for inducing the axial force borne by the lower bearing plate 10, the lower bearing plate 10 bears the applied axial force, the induction workpiece 11 induces the axial force and further transmits the induction result to the pressure measuring element 13; the bottom of the induction workpiece 11 extends into the column base 30 and is provided with a first spherical bearing 12, the first spherical bearing 12 is used for supporting an upper three-axis device, the friction coefficient of the upper three-axis device in the movement process is reduced, and the rotary disassembly is convenient in the three-axis sample loading process; the pressure cell 13 that is used for measuring axial force is installed to column base 30 inner chamber bottom, it is provided with cylindrical sample 7 to go up between pressure plate 6 and the lower load board 10, cylindrical sample 7 outer wall is provided with rubber membrane 8, 8 outer wall both sides of rubber membrane all are provided with radial displacement sensor 9, the axial load is born the weight of at loading piston 5 top, support frame 22 is installed at 2 tops of bobbin top board, connect axial displacement sensor 15 between loading piston 5 and the support frame 22, 1 outer wall of bobbin base plate is provided with pressure sensor one 20 and the radial pressure sensor two 21 that are used for measuring axial pressure respectively. The loading piston (5) is used as a circle center of the vertical rod (3) to form two circles in a circumferential array mode, six circles are arranged on the vertical rod (3), the vertical rod (3) is located on the inner side of the organic glass cylinder (4) in one circle, and the vertical rod (3) is located on the outer side of the organic glass cylinder (4) in the other circle. When the device is used, the device can be used together with a cyclic loading system, wherein the cyclic loading system is a closed-loop servo-controlled universal material testing machine UTM, and comprises a loading rack, a three-axis pressure chamber, an air power supply, a control and data acquisition system CDAS and a computer with integrated software. The servo hydraulic and servo pneumatic test systems respectively provide radial and axial loads to the cylindrical test sample 7 through hydraulic pressure applied to the rubber mold 8 and air pressure applied to the loading piston 5. The control and data acquisition system CDAS is able to directly control the hydraulic pressure applied to the rubber die 8 and the servo valves for controlling the air pressure applied to the loading piston 5, and thus the loading rate or waveform of said hydraulic and air pressure. The axial force and the radial force and the axial displacement and the radial displacement are respectively measured by a pressure measuring device and a linear variable differential transformer in a related system, wherein the pressure measuring device comprises a pressure measuring element 13, a first pressure sensor 20 and a second pressure sensor 21, and the linear variable differential transformer is an axial displacement sensor 15 for measuring the axial deformation of the cylindrical sample 7 and a radial displacement sensor 9 for measuring the radial deformation of the cylindrical sample 7. During the pressure loading of the cylindrical test specimen 7, the control and data acquisition system CDAS acquires data from the sensors and transmits these data via a standard serial communication link to a computer for processing, display and storage.
The volume measuring element comprises a differential pressure sensor 18, the top of the differential pressure sensor 18 is connected with a standard pipette 16 and a measuring pipette 17 side by side, one side of the measuring pipette 17 is provided with a drain pipe 19, the other end of the drain pipe 19 extends into the organic glass cylinder 4 and is divided into an upper pipe 191 and a lower pipe 192, the other end of the upper pipe 191 extends into an upper pressure plate 6 and passes through a cylindrical sample 7 and then sequentially passes through an induction workpiece 11 and a pressure measuring element 13, finally, the other end of the drain pipe extends to the outside of the cylinder bottom plate 1 and is connected with a pressure sensor II 21, the other end of the lower pipe 192 transversely penetrates through the horizontal direction of the lower bearing plate 10, and finally, the other end of the drain pipe 191 extends to the outside of the cylinder bottom plate 1 and is connected with a pressure sensor I20. Therefore, the anisotropy of the material and the influence of the anisotropy on the load response can be more accurately researched, particularly under the working condition that the main stress plane rotates by 90 degrees, and in addition, the device also has the function of measuring the deformation of the test sample, so that the problem of the compliance of a loading device can be solved, and the influence caused by the end effect can be eliminated. In use, liquid in the measuring pipette 17 enters the interior of the upper tube 191 and the interior of the lower tube 192, respectively, through the drain tube 19.
The variable-confining pressure dynamic triaxial tester with the bidirectional dynamic loading function in the embodiment 1 can reduce the compressibility influence caused by horizontal cyclic loading in the tester body to the minimum by means of the sensing test element of the tester, can more accurately research the anisotropy of materials and the influence on load response, particularly the working condition that a main stress plane rotates by 90 degrees, and further has the function of measuring the deformation of a test sample, so that the problem of the compliance of a loading device can be solved, and the influence caused by an end effect can be eliminated.
Example 2: as shown in FIG. 4, a variable-enclosure pressure-actuated triaxial tester with bidirectional power loading function, which has the same basic structure as that of embodiment 1, comprises a tester body and a volume measuring element, wherein the tester body comprises a bottom cylinder bottom plate 1 and a top cylinder top plate 2, the outer wall of the cylinder bottom plate 1 is respectively provided with a first pressure sensor 20 and a second radial pressure sensor 21 for measuring axial pressure, the tester body is externally connected with a hydraulic loading device 23, the cylinder top plate 2 is provided with a hydraulic oil inlet pipe, an oil liquid pipe 24 is connected between the hydraulic loading device 23 and the hydraulic oil inlet pipe, by opening the hydraulic loading device 23, the hydraulic oil is made to pass through the hydraulic oil pipe 24, and finally enters the interior of the plexiglas cylinder 4 through the hydraulic oil inlet pipe, the hydraulic oil is controlled by the hydraulic loading device 23 so as to apply confining pressure to the cylindrical sample 7, and the confining pressure applied to the cylindrical sample 7 is sensed by the second pressure sensor 21.
The variable-confining pressure dynamic triaxial tester with the bidirectional dynamic loading function of the embodiment 2 can realize simultaneous testing of axial pressure and radial pressure by means of the tester body and the volume measuring element.
Example 3: as shown in fig. 4, a variable-confining pressure dynamic triaxial tester with bidirectional dynamic loading function has the same basic structure as that of embodiment 1, and comprises a tester body and a volume measuring element, and further comprises a support device arranged outside the tester body, wherein the support device comprises a top support plate 25 at the top and a test base 27 at the bottom. Install the shoe 26 in the middle of the test base 27 top, the tester body is installed at shoe 26 top, be connected with bracing piece 29 between top backup pad 25 and the test base 27, install pneumatic actuator 28 in the middle of the top backup pad 25 top, pneumatic actuator 28 bottom extends to the below of top backup pad 25 and installs the pressure application pole, pressure application pole bottom and loading piston 5 are connected, through opening pneumatic actuator 28, pneumatic actuator 28 exerts decurrent axial force to loading piston 5, cylindrical sample 7 receives axial force, make lower bearing plate 10 also receive decurrent axial force, make and run through the inside low tube 192 of lower bearing plate 10 and also receive decurrent axial force, sense the axial pressure that cylindrical sample 7 loaded through pressure sensor 20 at last.
The variable-confining pressure-actuated triaxial test apparatus having a bidirectional dynamic force loading function according to example 3 can apply an axial force to a sample by air pressure by the air pressure actuator 28 of the test apparatus.
Further optimization is carried out on the basis of the embodiment: the cylindrical sample 7 has a diameter of 150 mm and a height of 150 mm, is compact in structure and convenient to use,
the invention has the specific working principle that: in use, by starting the pneumatic actuator 28, the pressing rod at the bottom of the pneumatic actuator 28 applies a downward axial force to the loading piston 5, and then the downward axial force is applied to the cylindrical sample 7 through the upper pressure plate 6, in the process, the axial displacement of the loading piston 5 is sensed through the axial displacement sensor 15, finally the axial force applied to the upper pipe 191 is sensed through the first pressure sensor 20, so as to obtain the axial force applied to the cylindrical sample 7, by starting the hydraulic loading device 23, the hydraulic loading device 23 controls the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the organic glass cylinder 4, the cylindrical sample 7 is subjected to confining pressure through the rubber membrane 8 of the outer wall, in the process, the radial deformation of the cylindrical sample 7 is sensed through the radial displacement sensor 9, and finally the confining pressure applied to the lower pipe 192 positioned in the middle of the inside of the cylindrical sample 7 is sensed through the second pressure sensor 21, the load cell 13 disposed inside the column base 30 may be used to measure hydraulic oil pressure under non-draining conditions and/or cyclic loading.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts of the present invention. The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that there are objectively infinite specific structures due to the limited character expressions, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that a plurality of modifications, decorations or changes may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and the technical features described above may be combined in a suitable manner; such modifications, variations, combinations, or adaptations of the invention using its spirit and scope, as defined by the claims, may be directed to other uses and embodiments.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a become enclosure pressure and move triaxial test appearance with two-way power loading function, includes tester body and volume measurement component, its characterized in that: the tester body comprises a bottom plate (1) and a top plate (2), wherein vertical rods (3) are arranged between the bottom plate (1) and the top plate (2) at equal intervals, an organic glass cylinder (4) is connected between the bottom plate (1) and the top plate (2), a loading piston (5) is arranged in the middle of the top plate (2), an upper pressure plate (6) is arranged in the middle of the loading piston (5) extending to the organic glass cylinder (4), a column base (30) is arranged in the middle of the top of the bottom plate (1), a lower bearing plate (10) is arranged at the top of the column base (30), an induction workpiece (11) is vertically arranged in the middle of the lower bearing plate (10), a first spherical bearing (12) is arranged in the inner part of the column base (30), and a pressure measuring element (13) for measuring axial force is arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity of the column base (30), go up pressure plate (6) with be provided with cylindrical sample (7) between bearing board (10) down, cylindrical sample (7) outer wall is provided with rubber membrane (8), rubber membrane (8) outer wall both sides all are provided with radial displacement sensor (9), loading piston (5) top bears the weight of axial load, support frame (22) are installed at section of thick bamboo roof (2) top, loading piston (5) with connect axial displacement sensor (15) between support frame (22), section of thick bamboo bottom plate (1) outer wall is provided with pressure sensor (20) and radial pressure sensor (21) that are used for measuring axial pressure respectively.
2. The variable-confining pressure dynamic triaxial tester with the bidirectional dynamic loading function according to claim 1, wherein: the volume measuring element comprises a differential pressure sensor (18), a standard pipette (16) and a measuring pipette (17) are connected side by side on top of the differential pressure sensor (18), a drain pipe (19) is arranged on one side of the measuring pipette (17), the other end of the drain pipe (19) extends into the organic glass cylinder (4) and is divided into an upper pipe (191) and a lower pipe (192), the other end of the upper pipe (191) extends into the upper pressure plate (6), passes through the cylindrical sample (7), sequentially passes through the sensing workpiece (11) and the load cell (13), and finally extends to the outside of the cylinder bottom plate (1) to be connected with the second pressure sensor (21), the other end of the lower pipe (192) transversely penetrates through the horizontal direction of the lower bearing plate (10), and finally extends to the outside of the cylinder bottom plate (1) to be connected with a first pressure sensor (20).
3. The variable-confining pressure dynamic triaxial tester with the bidirectional dynamic loading function according to claim 1, wherein: the tester body is externally connected with a hydraulic loading device (23), a hydraulic oil inlet pipe is installed on the cylinder top plate (2), and an oil liquid pipe (24) is connected between the hydraulic loading device (23) and the hydraulic oil inlet pipe.
4. The variable-confining pressure dynamic triaxial tester with the bidirectional dynamic loading function according to claim 1, wherein: the tester also comprises a support device arranged outside the tester body, wherein the support device comprises a top support plate (25) at the top and a test base (27) at the bottom. Install base of a mattress (26) in the middle of test base (27) top, the tester body is installed base of a mattress (26) top, top backup pad (25) with be connected with bracing piece (29) between test base (27), install pneumatic actuator (28) in the middle of top backup pad (25) top, pneumatic actuator (28) bottom extends to the depression bar is installed to the below of top backup pad (25), the depression bar bottom with loading piston (5) are connected.
5. The variable-confining pressure dynamic triaxial tester with the bidirectional dynamic loading function according to claim 1, wherein: the loading piston (5) is used as a circle center of the vertical rod (3) to form two circles in a circumferential array mode, six circles are arranged on the vertical rod (3), the vertical rod (3) is located on the inner side of the organic glass cylinder (4) in one circle, and the vertical rod (3) is located on the outer side of the organic glass cylinder (4) in the other circle.
6. The variable-confining pressure dynamic triaxial tester with the bidirectional dynamic loading function according to claim 1, wherein: the cylindrical test piece (7) had a diameter of 150 mm and a height of 150 mm.
7. The variable-confining pressure dynamic triaxial tester with the bidirectional dynamic loading function according to claim 1, wherein: the system also comprises a cyclic loading system, wherein the cyclic loading system comprises a loading rack, a three-axis pressure chamber, an air power supply, a control and data acquisition system CDAS and a computer with integrated software.
8. A variable confining pressure dynamic triaxial test method with a bidirectional dynamic loading function, which is used for the variable confining pressure dynamic triaxial test instrument with the bidirectional dynamic loading function according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and comprises the following steps:
s1, starting an air pressure actuator (28) to enable a pressure applying rod at the bottom of the air pressure actuator (28) to apply downward axial force to a loading piston (5);
s2, applying an upper pressure plate (6) to the cylindrical sample (7), and in the process, sensing the axial displacement of the loading piston (5) through an axial displacement sensor (15);
s3, sensing the axial force applied to the upper pipe (191) by the pressure sensor I (20) to obtain the axial force loaded by the cylindrical test sample (7);
s4, starting a hydraulic loading device (23), wherein the hydraulic loading device (23) controls the pressure of hydraulic oil in the organic glass cylinder (4), the cylindrical sample (7) bears confining pressure through a rubber membrane (8) on the outer wall, and radial deformation of the cylindrical sample (7) is sensed through a radial displacement sensor (9) in the process;
s5, the confining pressure applied to a lower pipe (192) positioned in the middle of the inside of the cylindrical sample (7) is sensed through a second pressure sensor (21), and a load cell (13) arranged inside a column seat (30) measures the hydraulic oil pressure under the condition of no drainage and/or cyclic load.
9. The variable-confining pressure dynamic triaxial test method with the bidirectional dynamic loading function according to claim 8, further comprising the following steps:
and S6, the control and data acquisition system CDAS is used for controlling the hydraulic pressure applied to the rubber mold (8) and controlling a servo valve of the air pressure applied to the loading piston (5), so as to control the loading rate or waveform of the hydraulic pressure and the air pressure.
10. The method for the variable-confining pressure dynamic triaxial test with the bidirectional dynamic loading function according to claim 9, further comprising the following steps:
and S7, the control and data acquisition system CDAS acquires data from each sensor and transmits the data to a computer for processing, displaying and storing through a standard serial communication link.
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