CN112377710A - Device for converting intermittent slug flow into continuous annular flow - Google Patents

Device for converting intermittent slug flow into continuous annular flow Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112377710A
CN112377710A CN202011220697.5A CN202011220697A CN112377710A CN 112377710 A CN112377710 A CN 112377710A CN 202011220697 A CN202011220697 A CN 202011220697A CN 112377710 A CN112377710 A CN 112377710A
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China
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liquid
gas
flow
pipe
port
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CN202011220697.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
罗晓矗
李其兵
张兴凯
娄焕伟
孙萌
刘浩宇
李抒佳
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Yangtze University
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Yangtze University
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Priority to CN202011220697.5A priority Critical patent/CN112377710A/en
Publication of CN112377710A publication Critical patent/CN112377710A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16LPIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L55/00Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L55/02Energy absorbers; Noise absorbers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16LPIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L23/00Flanged joints
    • F16L23/02Flanged joints the flanges being connected by members tensioned axially
    • F16L23/024Flanged joints the flanges being connected by members tensioned axially characterised by how the flanges are joined to, or form an extension of, the pipes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16LPIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L41/00Branching pipes; Joining pipes to walls
    • F16L41/02Branch units, e.g. made in one piece, welded, riveted

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for converting intermittent slug flow into continuous annular flow, which comprises a gas-liquid separation mechanism, a mixing mechanism and a cyclone mechanism. The gas-liquid separation mechanism comprises a separator, an inlet pipe, a gas guide pipe and a liquid guide pipe; the mixing mechanism comprises a mixer, a throttling nozzle and a liquid guide pipe; the cyclone mechanism comprises an outlet pipe and a cyclone. The invention has the beneficial effects that: firstly, separating gas and liquid in slug flow by a separator, trapping the liquid slug in the slug flow into a liquid guide pipe, spraying out a gas bomb in the slug flow by a throttling nozzle after passing through a gas guide pipe, and leading the trapped liquid by the generated low pressure to lead the gas and the liquid to flow together; finally, the flow pattern of the gas-liquid two-phase flow which flows together after mixing is adjusted into annular flow under the action of the cyclone, thereby avoiding the system vibration caused by uneven distribution of gas-liquid energy on time and space during slug flow.

Description

Device for converting intermittent slug flow into continuous annular flow
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of multiphase pipe flow gathering and transportation, in particular to a device for converting intermittent slug flow into continuous annular flow.
Background
Slug flow is the most commonly encountered flow pattern in multiphase pipe flow, a typical condition, and is common in many operating conditions (normal operation, start-up, variable delivery) in mixed delivery pipelines. It features that gas and liquid flow alternately, the liquid plug filling the whole pipeline flow area is divided by air mass, and the layered liquid film flows along the bottom of the pipe below the air mass. When multiphase fluid in the pipeline is in slug flow, the pipeline pressure and the instantaneous gas-liquid flow at the outlet of the pipeline fluctuate greatly, and strong vibration is accompanied, so that equipment connected with the pipeline is damaged greatly, and process equipment at the downstream of the pipeline is difficult to work normally. For example, in the oil and gas industry, the severe fluctuations in flow and pressure that occur during slugging tend to force downstream shut-down equipment, causing production shutdowns, and even damage to pipelines or oil and gas processing equipment.
The annular flow is a flow pattern of gas-liquid two-phase flow, and is characterized in that a liquid phase is circumferentially arranged on the inner wall of a pipeline in a liquid film mode and flows against the wall, and a gas phase carries part of liquid drops to flow at a high speed in the center of the pipeline. Compared with other flow patterns, the annular flow has lower flow resistance and higher heat transfer coefficient, and can reduce the energy consumption of gas-liquid transmission and improve the heat exchange performance. Therefore, the device for converting intermittent slug flow into continuous annular flow has important significance for industrial production.
The following method is often adopted in engineering to avoid serious slug flow: increasing the gas velocity by reducing the tube diameter; increasing gas quantity at the bottom of the vertical pipe, increasing pressure of the gas on the vertical pipe, reducing liquid reflux quantity, and separating gas and liquid phases at the position of the horizontal pipe; throttling the top of the stand pipe, and the like. Riser bottom gas injection and riser bottom top throttling are currently used, but the gas injection method is too costly and the top throttling method is generally used.
The most commonly used methods at present are: one is to change the design of the pipeline and its equipment, such as installing a slug catcher on land, or to increase the size of the separator, to increase the buffering energy, etc. The second is to change the operating conditions, such as increasing the pressure or flow of the flowline. Thirdly, serious slug flow is eliminated by taking various measures, such as a throttling method gas lift method, a seabed separation method, a foam method, a disturbance method, a PID control method and the like. When the method is applied, the cost is high, and the slug flow elimination effect is not good. And neither of them makes the gas-liquid two-phase flow stably by converting the slug flow into another flow pattern. At present, a device and a method for converting intermittent slug flow into continuous annular flow are established, and the method not only effectively prevents the formation of the slug flow, but also has simple structure and is economical and practical.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a device for converting an intermittent slug flow into a continuous annular flow, so as to solve the technical problems of high cost and poor effect of the conventional slug flow eliminating device.
An apparatus for converting an intermittent slug flow to a continuous annular flow comprising:
the gas-liquid separation mechanism comprises a separator, an inlet pipe, a gas guide pipe and a liquid guide pipe, wherein the separator is provided with a long sealed separation cavity which is sealed and extends vertically, one end of the inlet pipe is communicated with the middle end of the separation cavity, one end of the gas guide pipe is communicated with the upper end of the separation cavity, and the liquid guide pipe is communicated with the lower end of the separation cavity;
the mixing mechanism comprises a mixer, a throttling nozzle and a liquid guiding pipe, the mixer is provided with a closed mixing cavity, the large-caliber end of the throttling nozzle is communicated with the other end of the gas guiding pipe, the small-caliber end of the throttling nozzle is communicated with the mixing cavity, one end of the liquid guiding pipe is communicated with the other end of the liquid guiding pipe, and the other end of the liquid guiding pipe is communicated with the mixing cavity;
the cyclone mechanism comprises an outlet pipe and a cyclone, one end of the outlet pipe is communicated with the mixing cavity, and the cyclone is rotatably arranged in the outlet pipe.
Furthermore, the gas-liquid separation mechanism also comprises a downcomer which extends vertically, the upper end of the downcomer is communicated with the gas guide pipe, and the lower end of the downcomer is communicated with the liquid guide pipe.
Furthermore, the separator is a hedging tee joint, the hedging tee joint is provided with a first port, a second port and a third port, the first port is vertically arranged upwards, the first port is communicated with the air guide pipe, the second port is vertically arranged downwards, the second port is communicated with the liquid guide pipe, the third port is horizontally arranged, and the third port is communicated with the inlet pipe.
Furthermore, the liquid guide pipe is obliquely arranged, the upper end of the liquid guide pipe is communicated with the second port, and the lower end of the liquid guide pipe is communicated with the liquid guide pipe.
Further, the other end of the inlet pipe is provided with an inlet connecting flange.
Further, the mixer is a mixing nozzle, the small-caliber end of the mixing nozzle is communicated with the liquid guiding pipe and the small-caliber end of the throttling nozzle, and the large-caliber end of the mixing nozzle is communicated with the outlet pipe.
Further, the mixing mechanism further comprises a liquid path tee joint and a liquid accumulation vertical pipe, the liquid path tee joint is provided with a fourth port, a fifth port and a sixth port, the fourth port is communicated with the lower end of the liquid guide pipe, the fifth port is connected with a regulating valve, the lower end of the liquid accumulation vertical pipe is communicated with the sixth port, and the upper end of the liquid accumulation vertical pipe is communicated with the liquid guide pipe.
Furthermore, the swirler includes rotation axis and whirl blade, the rotation axis is fixed in the outlet pipe and with the outlet pipe coaxial arrangement, the whirl blade is built in the outlet pipe and with the rotation axis rotates and is connected.
Further, the other end of the outlet pipe is provided with an outlet connecting flange.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: firstly, separating gas and liquid in slug flow by a separator, trapping the liquid slug in the slug flow into a liquid guide pipe, spraying out a gas bomb in the slug flow by a throttling nozzle after passing through a gas guide pipe, and leading the trapped liquid by the generated low pressure to lead the gas and the liquid to flow together; finally, the flow pattern of the gas-liquid two-phase flow which flows together after mixing is adjusted into annular flow under the action of the cyclone, thereby avoiding the system vibration caused by uneven distribution of gas-liquid energy on time and space during slug flow.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an apparatus for converting intermittent slugging flow into continuous annular flow provided by the present invention;
in the figure: the device comprises a 1-gas-liquid separation mechanism, a 2-mixing mechanism, a 3-cyclone mechanism, an 11-separator, a 111-first port, a 112-second port, a 113-third port, a 12-inlet pipe, a 121-inlet connecting flange, a 13-gas guide pipe, a 14-liquid guide pipe, a 15-downcomer, a 21-mixer, a 22-throttling nozzle, a 23-liquid guide pipe, a 24-liquid path tee joint, a 241-fourth port, a 242-fifth port, a 243-sixth port, a 25-liquid accumulation vertical pipe, a 26-regulating valve, a 31-outlet pipe, a 311-outlet connecting flange and a 32-cyclone.
Detailed Description
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a device for converting intermittent slug flow into continuous annular flow, which comprises a gas-liquid separation mechanism 1, a mixing mechanism 2 and a cyclone mechanism 3.
Referring to fig. 1, the gas-liquid separation mechanism 1 includes a separator 11, an inlet pipe 12, an air duct 13 and a liquid guide tube 14, the separator 11 has a long sealed separation chamber which is sealed and extends vertically, one end of the inlet pipe 12 is communicated with the middle end of the separation chamber, one end of the air duct 13 is communicated with the upper end of the separation chamber, and the liquid guide tube 14 is communicated with the lower end of the separation chamber.
Referring to fig. 1, the mixing mechanism 2 includes a mixer 21, a throttling nozzle 22 and a liquid guiding tube 23, the mixer 21 has a closed mixing chamber, a large-diameter end of the throttling nozzle 22 is communicated with the other end of the gas guiding tube 13, a small-diameter end of the throttling nozzle 22 is communicated with the mixing chamber, one end of the liquid guiding tube 23 is communicated with the other end of the liquid guiding tube 14, and the other end of the liquid guiding tube 23 is communicated with the mixing chamber.
Referring to fig. 1, the swirling mechanism 3 includes an outlet pipe 31 and a swirler 32, one end of the outlet pipe 31 is communicated with the mixing chamber, and the swirler 32 is rotatably disposed in the outlet pipe 31.
Further, referring to fig. 1, the gas-liquid separation mechanism 1 further includes a downcomer 15, the downcomer 15 extends vertically, an upper end of the downcomer 15 is communicated with the gas guide tube 13, and a lower end of the downcomer 15 is communicated with the liquid guide tube 14.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1, the separator 11 is a counter tee, the counter tee has a first port 111, a second port 112 and a third port 113, the first port 111 is disposed vertically upward, the first port 111 is communicated with the gas duct 13, the second port 112 is disposed vertically downward, the second port 112 is communicated with the liquid guide tube 14, the third port 113 is disposed horizontally, and the third port 113 is communicated with the inlet tube 12.
Preferably, referring to fig. 1, the liquid guiding tube 14 is disposed obliquely, the upper end of the liquid guiding tube 14 is communicated with the second port 112, and the lower end of the liquid guiding tube 14 is communicated with the liquid guiding tube 23.
Preferably, referring to fig. 1, the other end of the inlet pipe 12 is provided with an inlet connection flange 121. The inlet pipe 12 is connected to the delivery pipe by means of said inlet connection flange 121.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1, the mixer 21 is a mixing nozzle, the small-diameter end of the mixing nozzle is communicated with the liquid guiding pipe 23 and the small-diameter end of the throttling nozzle 22, and the large-diameter end of the mixing nozzle is communicated with the outlet pipe 31.
Further, referring to fig. 1, the mixing mechanism 2 further includes a liquid path tee 24 and a liquid accumulation riser 25, the liquid path tee 24 has a fourth port 241, a fifth port 242 and a sixth port 243, the fourth port 241 is communicated with the lower end of the liquid guide tube 14, the fifth port 242 is connected with a regulating valve 26, when in use, the regulating valve 26 is in a closed state, the lower end of the liquid accumulation riser 25 is communicated with the sixth port 243, and the upper end of the liquid accumulation riser 25 is communicated with the liquid guide tube 23.
Further, referring to fig. 1, the cyclone 32 includes a rotating shaft fixed in the outlet pipe 31 and coaxially disposed with the outlet pipe 31, and a cyclone blade embedded in the outlet pipe 31 and rotatably connected with the rotating shaft.
Preferably, referring to fig. 1, the other end of the outlet pipe 31 is provided with an outlet connecting flange 311, and the outlet pipe 31 is communicated with the conveying pipeline through the outlet connecting flange 311.
For a better understanding of the present invention, the operation of the apparatus for converting intermittent slugging flow into continuous annular flow provided by the present invention is described in detail below with reference to fig. 1: the using process of the device can be divided into the following three stages:
(1) a gas-liquid separation stage: the device is connected into a conveying pipeline through an inlet connecting flange 121 and an outlet connecting flange 311, when intermittent slug flow in the conveying pipeline enters a hedging tee joint from an inlet pipe 12 and is pre-separated in the hedging tee joint, most of liquid slugs in the slug flow directly enter a liquid guide pipe 14 through a second port 112 under the action of inertia, then enter a liquid path tee joint 24 through a fourth port 241 and then enter a liquid accumulation riser pipe 25 through a sixth port 243, most of gas in the intermittent slug flow enters a gas guide pipe 13, the hedging tee joint is not required to realize complete separation of gas and liquid, when more liquid exists in the gas guide pipe 13, the liquid can flow into the liquid guide pipe 14 through a downcomer 15 under the action of gravity, and when more gas exists in the liquid guide pipe 14, the gas can also enter the gas guide pipe 13 again through the downcomer 15;
(2) and (3) mixing: the air current flowing out of the air duct 13 is ejected into the mixing nozzle through the throttling nozzle 22, and due to the throttling and pressure reducing effects of the throttling nozzle 22, low pressure is generated in the mixing nozzle, and the low pressure can suck the liquid in the effusion stand pipe 25 into the mixing nozzle through the liquid guiding pipe 23, so that gas-liquid mixing is realized;
(3) and (3) a rotational flow stage: when the mixed gas-liquid two-phase flow flows through the cyclone 32, the cyclone blades are driven to rotate, the gas-liquid two-phase flow is driven to rotate by the cyclone blades, gas in the gas-liquid two-phase flow is collected to the center of the outlet pipe 31 under the action of centrifugal force, and liquid flows close to the pipe wall side of the outlet pipe 31, namely, the flow pattern is adjusted into annular flow and flows out of the outlet pipe 31.
In summary, the device for converting intermittent slug flow into continuous annular flow provided by the present invention first traps the liquid slug in the slug flow, and traps the liquid slug in the liquid guide tube 14, the liquid path tee 24 and the liquid accumulation riser 25; then the gas bomb following the liquid plug is sprayed out by the throttling nozzle 22 after passing through the gas guide pipe 13, and the generated low pressure drains the trapped liquid to enable the gas and the liquid to flow together; finally, the flow pattern of the gas-liquid two-phase flow which flows together after mixing is adjusted into annular flow under the action of the cyclone 32, and system vibration caused by uneven distribution of gas-liquid energy on time and space during slug flow is avoided.
In addition, the device for converting intermittent slug flow into continuous annular flow provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
on one hand, when the gas flow in the slug flow is larger, the suction effect of the low pressure generated when the gas flows through the throttling nozzle 22 on the trapped liquid is larger, namely, the large gas flow can carry more liquid to flow together, the instantaneous cavitation rate is reduced, the gas core diameter in the annular flow state is reduced, the stability of the annular flow state is maintained, the gas-liquid two-phase flow is realized, meanwhile, the larger the gas flow in the slug flow is, the higher the flow rate of the gas-liquid mixture is, the higher the rotating speed of the rotational flow vanes is, the larger the centrifugal force after passing through the cyclone 32 is, and the annular flow is favorable for the formation of the annular flow, and is a flow pattern of the gas-liquid two-phase flow. Compared with other flow patterns, the annular flow has lower flow resistance and higher heat transfer coefficient, can reduce the energy consumption of gas-liquid transmission and improve the heat exchange performance;
on the other hand, when the flow rate of the air flow in the slug flow is small, the suction effect of the low pressure generated when the air flow passes through the throttling nozzle 22 on the trapped liquid is weaker, even the liquid can enter the mixing nozzle by means of the inertia of the liquid, the air is merged into the liquid to form the bubble flow, and the formation of the slug flow is effectively prevented.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. An apparatus for converting an intermittent slug flow to a continuous annular flow comprising:
the gas-liquid separation mechanism comprises a separator, an inlet pipe, a gas guide pipe and a liquid guide pipe, wherein the separator is provided with a long sealed separation cavity which is sealed and extends vertically, one end of the inlet pipe is communicated with the middle end of the separation cavity, one end of the gas guide pipe is communicated with the upper end of the separation cavity, and the liquid guide pipe is communicated with the lower end of the separation cavity;
the mixing mechanism comprises a mixer, a throttling nozzle and a liquid guiding pipe, the mixer is provided with a closed mixing cavity, the large-caliber end of the throttling nozzle is communicated with the other end of the gas guiding pipe, the small-caliber end of the throttling nozzle is communicated with the mixing cavity, one end of the liquid guiding pipe is communicated with the other end of the liquid guiding pipe, and the other end of the liquid guiding pipe is communicated with the mixing cavity;
the cyclone mechanism comprises an outlet pipe and a cyclone, one end of the outlet pipe is communicated with the mixing cavity, and the cyclone is rotatably arranged in the outlet pipe.
2. The apparatus for converting intermittent slugging flow into continuous annular flow according to claim 1, wherein said gas-liquid separation means further comprises a downcomer extending vertically, the upper end of said downcomer being in communication with said gas-guide tube, and the lower end of said downcomer being in communication with said liquid-guide tube.
3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the separator is a counter tee having a first port disposed vertically upward, the first port communicating with the gas conduit, a second port disposed vertically downward, the second port communicating with the liquid conduit, and a third port disposed horizontally, the third port communicating with the inlet tube.
4. The apparatus for converting intermittent slug flow into continuous annular flow according to claim 3, wherein the liquid guide tube is disposed obliquely, the upper end of the liquid guide tube is communicated with the second port, and the lower end of the liquid guide tube is communicated with the liquid guide tube.
5. An apparatus for converting intermittent slugging flow to continuous annular flow according to claim 1, wherein the other end of the inlet pipe is provided with an inlet connection flange.
6. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the mixer is a mixing nozzle having a small diameter end in communication with both the liquid guiding tube and the small diameter end of the throttling nozzle, and a large diameter end in communication with the outlet tube.
7. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the mixing mechanism further comprises a liquid path tee and a liquid loading riser, the liquid path tee has a fourth port, a fifth port and a sixth port, the fourth port is connected to the lower end of the liquid guiding tube, the fifth port is connected to a regulating valve, the lower end of the liquid loading riser is connected to the sixth port, and the upper end of the liquid loading riser is connected to the liquid guiding tube.
8. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the cyclone comprises a rotating shaft fixed in the outlet pipe and coaxially disposed with the outlet pipe, and a cyclone blade embedded in the outlet pipe and rotatably connected with the rotating shaft.
9. Device for conversion of an intermittent slug flow into a continuous annular flow according to claim 1 characterized in that the other end of the outlet pipe is provided with an outlet connection flange.
CN202011220697.5A 2020-11-05 2020-11-05 Device for converting intermittent slug flow into continuous annular flow Withdrawn CN112377710A (en)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4354552A (en) * 1980-09-08 1982-10-19 The Dow Chemical Company Slurry concentrator
JPH0675082A (en) * 1992-08-25 1994-03-18 Hitachi Ltd Multiple steam water separator
CN201554984U (en) * 2009-10-29 2010-08-18 河北宝路科技发展有限公司 Rotational flow de-noising pipe fitting
CN104148196A (en) * 2014-08-02 2014-11-19 中国石油大学(华东) Inlet rectifying device of gas-liquid cylindrical cyclone
CN109630075A (en) * 2019-02-26 2019-04-16 西南石油大学 A kind of oil/gas well slug flow combined gas slug crushing device and method
CN110180220A (en) * 2018-02-22 2019-08-30 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Biphase gas and liquid flow distributes control device and method
CN211821742U (en) * 2020-03-05 2020-10-30 长江大学 Injection type slug flow eliminating device

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4354552A (en) * 1980-09-08 1982-10-19 The Dow Chemical Company Slurry concentrator
JPH0675082A (en) * 1992-08-25 1994-03-18 Hitachi Ltd Multiple steam water separator
CN201554984U (en) * 2009-10-29 2010-08-18 河北宝路科技发展有限公司 Rotational flow de-noising pipe fitting
CN104148196A (en) * 2014-08-02 2014-11-19 中国石油大学(华东) Inlet rectifying device of gas-liquid cylindrical cyclone
CN110180220A (en) * 2018-02-22 2019-08-30 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Biphase gas and liquid flow distributes control device and method
CN109630075A (en) * 2019-02-26 2019-04-16 西南石油大学 A kind of oil/gas well slug flow combined gas slug crushing device and method
CN211821742U (en) * 2020-03-05 2020-10-30 长江大学 Injection type slug flow eliminating device

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